Hsu Aung - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Hsu Aung

Molecules

Colorectal cancer is a common cancer worldwide and reduced expression of the DNA repair endonucle... more Colorectal cancer is a common cancer worldwide and reduced expression of the DNA repair endonuclease XPF (xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group F) is associated with colorectal cancer. Bacopa monnieri extracts were previously found to exhibit chemical-genetic synthetic lethal effects in a Saccharomyces cerevisiae model of colorectal cancer lacking Rad1p, a structural and functional homologue of human XPF. However, the mechanisms for B. monnieri extracts to limit proliferation and promote an apoptosis-like event in RAD1 deleted yeast was not elucidated. Our current analysis has revealed that B. monnieri extracts have the capacity to promote mutations in rad1∆ cells. In addition, the effects of B. monnieri extracts on rad1∆ yeast is linked to disruption of the vacuole, similar to the mammalian lysosome. The absence of RAD1 in yeast sensitizes cells to the effects of vacuole disruption and the release of proteases. The combined effect of increased DNA mutations and release of vac...

2020 Asia Conference on Computers and Communications (ACCC), 2020

At present, automatic person identification is one of the most useful tasks in many fields, such ... more At present, automatic person identification is one of the most useful tasks in many fields, such as biometric authentication, security control, and video surveillance system. Physical biometric data such as the face, iris, and fingerprints are the main characteristics to recognize people. However, this information can be easily stolen and can be challenging to get far away from the camera. It becomes a problem in person identification to prove reliability. Furthermore, face features based person identification is not natural to recognize people in some circumstances, such as a considerable distance from the camera, poor lighting conditions, and large occlusions. The other biometric features as gait, skeleton data, full-body gestures, and poses are complicated to imitate and can capture in long-distance. In this paper, the gait biometric-based person identification using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN)method is proposed to recognize the critical discriminative gait-features for human identification. The technique uses Gait Energy Images (GEI) of humans for identification. The proposed method has evaluated on the CASIA-B gait dataset. The empirical results showed suitable effectiveness compared with the state-of-art machine learning model for recognition in the environment with clothes changes and viewing angles variation.

Deputy Director & Head ... Dr. Thet Thet Mar BSc(Hons), MSc, PhD(Chemistry)(YU) Research Scientis... more Deputy Director & Head ... Dr. Thet Thet Mar BSc(Hons), MSc, PhD(Chemistry)(YU) Research Scientist ... Dr. Khin Than Yee MBBS, MMedSc(Biochemistry)(UM1) Research Officer ... ... Dr. Thuzar Hla Shwe MBBS(UM2) Dr. Hsu Mon Aung MBBS(UM1) Medical Technician (1) ... U Aung Myat Kyaw BA(Eco)(WC), DFT, PDCSc(YU) Research Assistant (2) ... U Tin Ko Ko Oo BA(Eco)(WC) ... Daw Lwin Zar Maw BSc(Chemistry)(UDE), DFT(YU) Research Assistant (4) ... Daw Nwe Ni Aung BSc(Biotechnology)(DU) Laboratory Attendant ... Daw Yi Yi Sein

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 2018

Plant materials used in this study were selected based on the ethnobotanical literature. Plants h... more Plant materials used in this study were selected based on the ethnobotanical literature. Plants have either been utilized by Thai practitioners as alternative treatments for cancer or identified to exhibit anti-cancer properties.

Computation

Biometric recognition is a critical task in security control systems. Although the face has long ... more Biometric recognition is a critical task in security control systems. Although the face has long been widely accepted as a practical biometric for human recognition, it can be easily stolen and imitated. Moreover, in video surveillance, it is a challenge to obtain reliable facial information from an image taken at a long distance with a low-resolution camera. Gait, on the other hand, has been recently used for human recognition because gait is not easy to replicate, and reliable information can be obtained from a low-resolution camera at a long distance. However, the gait biometric alone still has constraints due to its intrinsic factors. In this paper, we propose a multimodal biometrics system by combining information from both the face and gait. Our proposed system uses a deep convolutional neural network with transfer learning. Our proposed network model learns discriminative spatiotemporal features from gait and facial features from face images. The two extracted features are fu...

The Rice-Fish futures project is a continuation from work initiated by Dubois et al (2019). The p... more The Rice-Fish futures project is a continuation from work initiated by Dubois et al (2019). The project focuses on the development of suitability maps that show the potential for rice-fish/prawn implementation across the Ayeyarwady Delta. Previous iterations of the RFF suitability maps showed the potential for the transformation of 15,700km2 across the Ayeyarwady, supporting improved food security, nutritional security, incomes and employment for the local population. The Rice-fish futures project focuses on the further development of first generation maps to include key socio-economic variables that significantly influence suitability. Additionally, futures maps consider the impact key climatic variables (e.g. temperature change and an increased frequency and severity of storm events) may have on the future viability of rice-fish. To develop the RFF model stakeholder workshops were held to identify indicators of suitability. The database cited within this guide representsthe inform...

Global Bioethics Enquiry Journal, Mar 1, 2021

In response to a global public health emergency, it is critical to focus ethical considerations i... more In response to a global public health emergency, it is critical to focus ethical considerations in public health and socio-behavioral research proposals concerning COVID-19 containment. A desk-based review during October 2020 analyzed two mixed methods studies and three quantitative observational studies submitted to the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of which one study emphasized the Case Report Forms (CRFs) and the rest were online surveys. Main tools intended for primary data collection in the submitted research proposals covered the google forms, Facebook messenger, and mobile phones to access the general public, healthcare providers, and civil society organizations. The waiver of the documented 'Informed Consent' to decide for filling the online google forms, intensive pretesting and data collector training for interviews via digital platforms, and data security issues were priority ethical concerns addressed during the IRB appraisal in addition to preserve anonymity in retrieving and reporting the findings in CRF. The virtual dissemination plan is acceptable during the pandemic. A regional networking scheme of IRBs could foster ways to deal with ethical dilemmas during the public health emergency especially when using the internet and other digital platforms for data collection.

Health & Social Care in the Community, 2021

This study aims to determine economic burden or cost of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and it... more This study aims to determine economic burden or cost of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its consequences from patient perspective and to examine factors influencing the cost. This is a prevalence-based cost-of-illness (COI) study. A cross-sectional survey was carried out in Yangon, Myanmar during March and April 2018. Face-to-face structured interview was conducted among 264 people living with HIV (PLHIV) who were members of the selected four self-help groups (SHGs) that provided HIV peer support. Micro-costing approach was adopted for the cost calculation. Direct medical cost, direct non-medical cost and indirect cost were considered. Cost of HIV per patient in the year 2017 was estimated at 228.2 international dollar (Int$). Direct medical cost was only small portion of the total cost (5.6%). Indirect cost or cost of time loss was the largest contributor among the cost components, accounted for 61.2% of the total cost. First year of the antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and second line drug regimen have positive effect on the costs. HIV resulted in substantial economic burden for the patients. Effective interventions aim at reducing the economic burden on patients by providing compensation on transportation cost and providing job opportunity are essential. Further researchers examining cost from provider and societal perspectives are warranted to provide complete picture of the economic burden of HIV in Myanmar.

Geoforum, 2021

Abstract This article explores the reconfigurations of fish consumption practices in Myanmar in a... more Abstract This article explores the reconfigurations of fish consumption practices in Myanmar in a context of rapid urbanization and changing availability of wild and farmed fish. Using a social practice lens, we analyze how everyday fish consumption practices change as people move from the rural Ayeyarwady Delta to Yangon city. We show how these reconfigurations are shaped by new routines in urban areas and the transition from capture fisheries to aquaculture. Our analysis reveals a growing detachment of consumers from production processes but, at the same time, a continuity in their everyday food routines through the upholding of “mother’s traditional cuisine”, and a general drive to preserve commensality. We demonstrate the value of using a social practices lens integrating micro- and meso-scale socio-cultural processes to understand dietary change by examining how rural-urban migration influence the sourcing, cooking, and eating of wild and farmed fish. These insights have implications for the everyday geography of consumption, including the persistence of socio-culturally appropriate food practices and the hybridisation of rural-urban food environments. As such, social practice approaches to the study of food consumption open up a means of understanding and even steering complex food system transitions in dynamically changing regions such as Southeast Asia.

Toxicon, 2020

Green pit viper (Trimeresurus sp.) bite occurred throughout Myanmar, but there is no specific ant... more Green pit viper (Trimeresurus sp.) bite occurred throughout Myanmar, but there is no specific antivenom produced in the country for related envenomation. Instead, Myanmar Russell's viper antivenom (Anti-MRV) was often misused because of prolonged clotting time was observed from both species. Thai green pit viper antivenom (Anti-TGPV) raised against Trimeresurus albolabris was found to be effective against venoms of more than ten Trimeresurus sp. from Thailand, Malaysia and Indonesia. The present study compared the neutralization capacities of Anti-TGPV and Anti-MRV towards the venom from T. erythrurus from Myanmar. Anti-TGPV was more efficacious than Anti-MRV in cross-neutralizing the lethal and haemorrhagic activities of the venom by a potency of a least 1.4 times higher. Although Anti-TGPV effectively cross-neutralized the coagulation activity of the venom, Anti-MRV failed to do so. Immunodiffusion and immunoblot experiments showed that Anti-TGPV cross-reacted with more protein components of the venom than Anti-MRV. In conclusion, Anti-TGPV is a better choice for patients bitten by Myanmar green pit viper, but further clinical investigation is required. The current findings highlight the development of a specific antivenom against Myanmar green pit viper venom.