Olivier Hubert - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Olivier Hubert
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, May 1, 2016
Online magnetic NDE of DP steels is made on bands submitted to high multiaxial stress. Extraction... more Online magnetic NDE of DP steels is made on bands submitted to high multiaxial stress. Extraction of microstructural information from the measurement requires separating the effect of stress and microstructure. Coupled magneto-mechanical micromagnetic modeling is relevant for that purpose. In this paper, magnetic behavior of DP steel under biaxial stress is carried out and compared to the modeling. It is shown that the discrepancies observed between experiments and model can be explained by the 2D assumption.
Electromagnetic based systems receive ever-growing interest for on-line assessment of steel strip... more Electromagnetic based systems receive ever-growing interest for on-line assessment of steel strip properties for major manufacturers, especially when Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) products for automotive purposes are considered. Manufacturing AHSS need optimal control of the thermo-mechanical processing using in-line sensors for real time monitoring. IMPOC, 3MA and PropertyMon are some of the well-known electromagnetic sensors. Identification of a mechanical or metallurgical state from a magnetic signal is of great interest, requiring however sophisticated models to mimic the real behaviour and its sensitivity to many influencing parameters. Our paper presents a proposition to add the dependency of mechanical stress to the Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model. Experimental data consist of B(H) curves of carbon steels strips subjected to different levels of mechanical stress applied along the magnetic measurement direction. The Jiles-Atherton model has then been used to find out a set of stress-dependent coefficients. The variation of coefficients with stress is in close relationship with the variations of coercive field, remanent induction and permeability with stress. A coupled magneto-mechanical approach allows physics-based functions to be proposed to describe the evolution of Jiles-Atherton coefficients with stress. In this paper, experimental working conditions will be described, as well as the stressdependent Jiles-Atherton model. The model is finally implemented in FEM software, allowing more complex magneto-mechanical situations to be modelled. After matching with measurement, the new model is applied on 3MA modelling where magnetic transient analysis and magnetic AC steady state analysis are linked through incremental permeability.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jan 27, 2012
Journal of Applied Physics, 1996
Modifications of the magnetic properties of a nonoriented 3% SiFe alloy with plastic strains are ... more Modifications of the magnetic properties of a nonoriented 3% SiFe alloy with plastic strains are reported. The samples have been tested along rolling and transverse directions lying in the sheet plane by means of a suitable experimental system of measurements using a 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field. The magnetic properties markedly deteriorate when measurements are carried out in the direction of the applied stress. This phenomenon is less important perpendicular to the applied stress. Quasistatic experiments (f=0.1 Hz) have been accomplished to separate the total losses into hysteresis and dynamic components. Hysteresis losses strongly increase and dynamic losses sensitively decrease with the plastic deformation whatever the direction in sheet plane. Compression-tension fatigue tests carried out have shown that the material displays a strong kinematic strengthening behavior representative of internal and long range stresses in the strained sample. The degradation of the magnetic properties of nonoriented 3% SiFe alloys with plastic strains is the result of two effects: one due to dislocations and another due to internal stresses. The latter display along the direction of magnetic measurements the same effects as an outside elastic stress.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012
Materials and structures exhibiting coupled behaviors between mechanics and other physics (especi... more Materials and structures exhibiting coupled behaviors between mechanics and other physics (especially magnetics, electrics and thermics-phase transformation-) and submitted to multiaxial stress are considered. The most practical applications concern sensors and actuators. The multiaxial stress is usually inherited from forming process or appears in use. In the area of coupling between mechanics and magnetics, one can mention: inertial stresses in high rotating speed systems or new technologies of flywheel, stresses due to binding process (encapsulation), residual stress associated to plastic straining (forming) or cutting process. On the other hand, since the works of Mateucci [1] and Villari [2], mechanical stress is known to change significantly the magnetic behavior of materials (see for instance [3]) as well as their magnetostrictive behavior [4]. The design of electromagnetic systems consequently requires coupled models taking account of multiaxial stress.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Dec 1, 2019
Compact and high speed electromechanical systems lead to higher and higher levels of multiaxial m... more Compact and high speed electromechanical systems lead to higher and higher levels of multiaxial mechanical stress, that may strongly change the magnetic behavior of materials, making the development of highly accurate magnetic models a very important task. Among all available magnetoelastic models, multiscale approaches seem to be the most promising.The coupling effect is introduced at the single crystal scale, mainly attributed to the evolution of magnetic domain structures under magneto-mechanical loading. All these models use however a formulation of free energy where the energetic term describing magneto-elastic coupling is linearly stress dependent, that hardly allow (using artificial mechanisms) providing non-monotonic stress effect on the magnetic behavior. The proposition detailed in this paper is to consider a second order stress term in the free energy expression, allowing a linear dependance of magnetostriction tensor with stress to be defined and providing the non-monotonous stress effect. This introduction leads to a more complex description of magnetoelastic effect that needs the identification of a large number of complementary material constants. In this paper, developments are made in the frame of cubic symmetry for first order magneto-elastic term (joining the classical description) and considering an isotropic second order stress effect for the sick of simplicity. This simplification leads to only two additive physical constants to be identified. An identification procedure is proposed and applied to model the magnetoelastic behavior a non-oriented (NO) 3wt%silicon-iron electrical steel.
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, Sep 1, 2017
An Fe-0.2C-5Mn-2.5Al medium manganese steel is studied for three different intercritical annealin... more An Fe-0.2C-5Mn-2.5Al medium manganese steel is studied for three different intercritical annealing temperatures T IA to observe the effects of variations of retained austenite stability on the mechanical work hardening in uniaxial tension. Digital image correlation (DIC) showed that both Lüders bands and type A Portevin-le-Châtelier (PLC) bands occurred in samples with a lower T IA , but both disappeared when T IA was increased. In-situ measurements of sample magnetization with a correction for stress effects on the magnetic properties of the sample allowed for continuous measurement of the retained austenite volume fraction. This method provided a complete characterization of the kinetics of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) in the sample over the course of tensile testing. It is shown that the martensite transformation was purely strain-induced and coincided with the passage of both Lüders and PLC bands. An Olson-Cohen model was applied to magnetic data to attempt to explain the differences in TRIP kinetics with varying T IA .
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 26, 2019
The multiaxial behavior of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) is experimentally studied. ... more The multiaxial behavior of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) is experimentally studied. Indeed the solid-solid phase transformation that occurs with stress induces a complex behavior, depending on the loading parameters such as the deformation rate or the multiaxial character of the loading. The solid-solid transformation can be initiated by stresses or thermal loading. In this work, the pseudo-elastic behavior is measured for an equi-biaxial compression loading situation thanks to a home made impact testing setup and Hopkinson split bars. Measurements are conducted by the use of high speed infrared and optical cameras and a Hopkinson bar setup. The strain field is estimated by digital image correlation and stresses in the central area of specimen are estimated from boundary conditions through informations given by strain gauges placed on the bars. The strain appears homogeneous in the biaxial loading region of interest and a significant rise in temperature is observed.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 19, 2018
Les alliages à mémoire de forme (AMF) subissent des transformations de phases solide-solide appel... more Les alliages à mémoire de forme (AMF) subissent des transformations de phases solide-solide appelées transformations martensitique, impliquant une phase "haute température", l'austénite et une phase "basse température", la martensite. Cette transformation peut être activée par chargement thermique (chauffage ou refroidissement) ou mécanique (contrainte) et explique par exemple le phénomène pseudo-élastique où une forte déformation réversible (> 6%) peut être atteinte lors d'un chargement. Bien que le comportement pseudoélastique dynamique uniaxial des AMF soit relativement documenté aujourd'hui, ce comportement sous contraintes multiaxiales reste inconnu. Une telle connaissance est cependant essentielle pour la validation des modèles multiaxiaux afin de démocratiser l'utilisation de ces matériaux. Ce travail propose d'étudier le comportement mécanique pseudo-élastique d'un nickel-titane sous compression dynamique équi-biaxiale. Il est mesuré grâce à une nouvelle installation de fabrication maison utilisant les barres de Hopkinson et un système de renvoi d'angle à 45 °. L'utilisation d'une caméra thermique et d'une caméra optique permet d'identifier les champs de déformations et de sources de chaleur. Le champ de contrainte est estimé en combinant les informations des jauges de contraintes placées sur les deux barres transmises coaxiales et une analyse par éléments finis de l'échantillon. La déformation apparaît homogène dans la région de chargement biaxiale, où une augmentation significative de la température due à la chaleur latente de changement de phase est observée. Les tests dynamiques permettent d'autre part d'établir une courbe contrainte / déformation dynamique équivalente dans des conditions biaxiales et quasi-adiabatique. Les expériences sont finalement comparées aux résultats du modèle axisymétrique en différences finies où la loi de comportement est donnée par un modèle multi-échelle stochastique entièrement couplé.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 1, 2016
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2023
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Jun 1, 2022
In situ measurement of metal-as-insulation (MI) high temperature superconductor (HTS) pancake def... more In situ measurement of metal-as-insulation (MI) high temperature superconductor (HTS) pancake deformation gives insight to its actual mechanical state. Measurement of hoop strain for inner / outer turn of MI pancake is usually made by strain gauges. This measurement is however local and faces electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and thermal issues. Non-contact full-field displacement measurement is an interesting alternative solution. This technique is based on digital image correlation (DIC), which derives the displacement field in specified region of interest (ROI) by correlation between the deformed state image and the reference state image.
Epj Web of Conferences, 2018
Shape memory alloys (SMA) undergo a solid-solid phase transformation called martensitic transform... more Shape memory alloys (SMA) undergo a solid-solid phase transformation called martensitic transformation, involving a "high temperature" phase (austenite) and a "low temperature" phase (martensite). The stress-strain pseudo-elastic behavior of a nickel-titanium under equi-biaxial dynamic compression is measured thanks to a new home-made impact testing setup using split Hopkinson bars. The use of thermal and optical cameras allows strain and heating sources fields to be identified. The stress field is estimated by the combination of the strain gauges information placed on bars, and a finite element analysis of the specimen. Experimental average stress-strain behavior and thermal emission are finally compared to the results of a finite difference axisymmetric model where the constitutive law is given by a fully coupled stochastic multi scale model.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Nov 1, 2015
For the first time, the piezomagnetic behavior of polycrystalline Fe-Al-B alloys is accessed. Pie... more For the first time, the piezomagnetic behavior of polycrystalline Fe-Al-B alloys is accessed. Piezomagnetic factors of up to 4.0 kA.m −1 /MPa were reached for an interval of applied compressive stresses between 0 to-140 MPa. The experimental results together with a powerfull multiscale and biphasic modeling allowed the general understanding of the magnetostrictive and piezomagnetic behaviors of these materials. The magnetic and mechanical localizations as well as homogeneous stresses were considered in the modeling and are associated to the intrinsic presence of the Fe 2 B phase. The interplay of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, initial susceptibility, saturation magnetostriction and texture were quantified by the model and compared to the experimental results. An improvement of the piezomagnetic factor to 15 kA.m −1 /MPa is predicted, for an alloy containing 20% of aluminum, by getting an adequate texture near < 100 > directions.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 1, 2014
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 22, 2019
International Journal of Plasticity, Jul 1, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 2, 2022
The effect of punching of electric motor sheets on electrical machine performances is addressed. ... more The effect of punching of electric motor sheets on electrical machine performances is addressed. The approach is using measurement and modelling of mechanical stress effect on B(H) curves. A new coupled magneto-elastic Preisach model is proposed and implemented in FEM software. Modelling of EV motor highlights a torque reduction due to residual stresses after stator sheets punching.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 1, 2018
IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, May 1, 2016
Online magnetic NDE of DP steels is made on bands submitted to high multiaxial stress. Extraction... more Online magnetic NDE of DP steels is made on bands submitted to high multiaxial stress. Extraction of microstructural information from the measurement requires separating the effect of stress and microstructure. Coupled magneto-mechanical micromagnetic modeling is relevant for that purpose. In this paper, magnetic behavior of DP steel under biaxial stress is carried out and compared to the modeling. It is shown that the discrepancies observed between experiments and model can be explained by the 2D assumption.
Electromagnetic based systems receive ever-growing interest for on-line assessment of steel strip... more Electromagnetic based systems receive ever-growing interest for on-line assessment of steel strip properties for major manufacturers, especially when Advanced High Strength Steel (AHSS) products for automotive purposes are considered. Manufacturing AHSS need optimal control of the thermo-mechanical processing using in-line sensors for real time monitoring. IMPOC, 3MA and PropertyMon are some of the well-known electromagnetic sensors. Identification of a mechanical or metallurgical state from a magnetic signal is of great interest, requiring however sophisticated models to mimic the real behaviour and its sensitivity to many influencing parameters. Our paper presents a proposition to add the dependency of mechanical stress to the Jiles-Atherton hysteresis model. Experimental data consist of B(H) curves of carbon steels strips subjected to different levels of mechanical stress applied along the magnetic measurement direction. The Jiles-Atherton model has then been used to find out a set of stress-dependent coefficients. The variation of coefficients with stress is in close relationship with the variations of coercive field, remanent induction and permeability with stress. A coupled magneto-mechanical approach allows physics-based functions to be proposed to describe the evolution of Jiles-Atherton coefficients with stress. In this paper, experimental working conditions will be described, as well as the stressdependent Jiles-Atherton model. The model is finally implemented in FEM software, allowing more complex magneto-mechanical situations to be modelled. After matching with measurement, the new model is applied on 3MA modelling where magnetic transient analysis and magnetic AC steady state analysis are linked through incremental permeability.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jan 27, 2012
Journal of Applied Physics, 1996
Modifications of the magnetic properties of a nonoriented 3% SiFe alloy with plastic strains are ... more Modifications of the magnetic properties of a nonoriented 3% SiFe alloy with plastic strains are reported. The samples have been tested along rolling and transverse directions lying in the sheet plane by means of a suitable experimental system of measurements using a 50 Hz sinusoidal magnetic field. The magnetic properties markedly deteriorate when measurements are carried out in the direction of the applied stress. This phenomenon is less important perpendicular to the applied stress. Quasistatic experiments (f=0.1 Hz) have been accomplished to separate the total losses into hysteresis and dynamic components. Hysteresis losses strongly increase and dynamic losses sensitively decrease with the plastic deformation whatever the direction in sheet plane. Compression-tension fatigue tests carried out have shown that the material displays a strong kinematic strengthening behavior representative of internal and long range stresses in the strained sample. The degradation of the magnetic properties of nonoriented 3% SiFe alloys with plastic strains is the result of two effects: one due to dislocations and another due to internal stresses. The latter display along the direction of magnetic measurements the same effects as an outside elastic stress.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012
Materials and structures exhibiting coupled behaviors between mechanics and other physics (especi... more Materials and structures exhibiting coupled behaviors between mechanics and other physics (especially magnetics, electrics and thermics-phase transformation-) and submitted to multiaxial stress are considered. The most practical applications concern sensors and actuators. The multiaxial stress is usually inherited from forming process or appears in use. In the area of coupling between mechanics and magnetics, one can mention: inertial stresses in high rotating speed systems or new technologies of flywheel, stresses due to binding process (encapsulation), residual stress associated to plastic straining (forming) or cutting process. On the other hand, since the works of Mateucci [1] and Villari [2], mechanical stress is known to change significantly the magnetic behavior of materials (see for instance [3]) as well as their magnetostrictive behavior [4]. The design of electromagnetic systems consequently requires coupled models taking account of multiaxial stress.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Dec 1, 2019
Compact and high speed electromechanical systems lead to higher and higher levels of multiaxial m... more Compact and high speed electromechanical systems lead to higher and higher levels of multiaxial mechanical stress, that may strongly change the magnetic behavior of materials, making the development of highly accurate magnetic models a very important task. Among all available magnetoelastic models, multiscale approaches seem to be the most promising.The coupling effect is introduced at the single crystal scale, mainly attributed to the evolution of magnetic domain structures under magneto-mechanical loading. All these models use however a formulation of free energy where the energetic term describing magneto-elastic coupling is linearly stress dependent, that hardly allow (using artificial mechanisms) providing non-monotonic stress effect on the magnetic behavior. The proposition detailed in this paper is to consider a second order stress term in the free energy expression, allowing a linear dependance of magnetostriction tensor with stress to be defined and providing the non-monotonous stress effect. This introduction leads to a more complex description of magnetoelastic effect that needs the identification of a large number of complementary material constants. In this paper, developments are made in the frame of cubic symmetry for first order magneto-elastic term (joining the classical description) and considering an isotropic second order stress effect for the sick of simplicity. This simplification leads to only two additive physical constants to be identified. An identification procedure is proposed and applied to model the magnetoelastic behavior a non-oriented (NO) 3wt%silicon-iron electrical steel.
Materials Science and Engineering A-structural Materials Properties Microstructure and Processing, Sep 1, 2017
An Fe-0.2C-5Mn-2.5Al medium manganese steel is studied for three different intercritical annealin... more An Fe-0.2C-5Mn-2.5Al medium manganese steel is studied for three different intercritical annealing temperatures T IA to observe the effects of variations of retained austenite stability on the mechanical work hardening in uniaxial tension. Digital image correlation (DIC) showed that both Lüders bands and type A Portevin-le-Châtelier (PLC) bands occurred in samples with a lower T IA , but both disappeared when T IA was increased. In-situ measurements of sample magnetization with a correction for stress effects on the magnetic properties of the sample allowed for continuous measurement of the retained austenite volume fraction. This method provided a complete characterization of the kinetics of transformation-induced plasticity (TRIP) in the sample over the course of tensile testing. It is shown that the martensite transformation was purely strain-induced and coincided with the passage of both Lüders and PLC bands. An Olson-Cohen model was applied to magnetic data to attempt to explain the differences in TRIP kinetics with varying T IA .
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 26, 2019
The multiaxial behavior of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) is experimentally studied. ... more The multiaxial behavior of a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy (SMA) is experimentally studied. Indeed the solid-solid phase transformation that occurs with stress induces a complex behavior, depending on the loading parameters such as the deformation rate or the multiaxial character of the loading. The solid-solid transformation can be initiated by stresses or thermal loading. In this work, the pseudo-elastic behavior is measured for an equi-biaxial compression loading situation thanks to a home made impact testing setup and Hopkinson split bars. Measurements are conducted by the use of high speed infrared and optical cameras and a Hopkinson bar setup. The strain field is estimated by digital image correlation and stresses in the central area of specimen are estimated from boundary conditions through informations given by strain gauges placed on the bars. The strain appears homogeneous in the biaxial loading region of interest and a significant rise in temperature is observed.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 19, 2018
Les alliages à mémoire de forme (AMF) subissent des transformations de phases solide-solide appel... more Les alliages à mémoire de forme (AMF) subissent des transformations de phases solide-solide appelées transformations martensitique, impliquant une phase "haute température", l'austénite et une phase "basse température", la martensite. Cette transformation peut être activée par chargement thermique (chauffage ou refroidissement) ou mécanique (contrainte) et explique par exemple le phénomène pseudo-élastique où une forte déformation réversible (> 6%) peut être atteinte lors d'un chargement. Bien que le comportement pseudoélastique dynamique uniaxial des AMF soit relativement documenté aujourd'hui, ce comportement sous contraintes multiaxiales reste inconnu. Une telle connaissance est cependant essentielle pour la validation des modèles multiaxiaux afin de démocratiser l'utilisation de ces matériaux. Ce travail propose d'étudier le comportement mécanique pseudo-élastique d'un nickel-titane sous compression dynamique équi-biaxiale. Il est mesuré grâce à une nouvelle installation de fabrication maison utilisant les barres de Hopkinson et un système de renvoi d'angle à 45 °. L'utilisation d'une caméra thermique et d'une caméra optique permet d'identifier les champs de déformations et de sources de chaleur. Le champ de contrainte est estimé en combinant les informations des jauges de contraintes placées sur les deux barres transmises coaxiales et une analyse par éléments finis de l'échantillon. La déformation apparaît homogène dans la région de chargement biaxiale, où une augmentation significative de la température due à la chaleur latente de changement de phase est observée. Les tests dynamiques permettent d'autre part d'établir une courbe contrainte / déformation dynamique équivalente dans des conditions biaxiales et quasi-adiabatique. Les expériences sont finalement comparées aux résultats du modèle axisymétrique en différences finies où la loi de comportement est donnée par un modèle multi-échelle stochastique entièrement couplé.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 1, 2016
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 2023
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Jun 1, 2022
In situ measurement of metal-as-insulation (MI) high temperature superconductor (HTS) pancake def... more In situ measurement of metal-as-insulation (MI) high temperature superconductor (HTS) pancake deformation gives insight to its actual mechanical state. Measurement of hoop strain for inner / outer turn of MI pancake is usually made by strain gauges. This measurement is however local and faces electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and thermal issues. Non-contact full-field displacement measurement is an interesting alternative solution. This technique is based on digital image correlation (DIC), which derives the displacement field in specified region of interest (ROI) by correlation between the deformed state image and the reference state image.
Epj Web of Conferences, 2018
Shape memory alloys (SMA) undergo a solid-solid phase transformation called martensitic transform... more Shape memory alloys (SMA) undergo a solid-solid phase transformation called martensitic transformation, involving a "high temperature" phase (austenite) and a "low temperature" phase (martensite). The stress-strain pseudo-elastic behavior of a nickel-titanium under equi-biaxial dynamic compression is measured thanks to a new home-made impact testing setup using split Hopkinson bars. The use of thermal and optical cameras allows strain and heating sources fields to be identified. The stress field is estimated by the combination of the strain gauges information placed on bars, and a finite element analysis of the specimen. Experimental average stress-strain behavior and thermal emission are finally compared to the results of a finite difference axisymmetric model where the constitutive law is given by a fully coupled stochastic multi scale model.
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Nov 1, 2015
For the first time, the piezomagnetic behavior of polycrystalline Fe-Al-B alloys is accessed. Pie... more For the first time, the piezomagnetic behavior of polycrystalline Fe-Al-B alloys is accessed. Piezomagnetic factors of up to 4.0 kA.m −1 /MPa were reached for an interval of applied compressive stresses between 0 to-140 MPa. The experimental results together with a powerfull multiscale and biphasic modeling allowed the general understanding of the magnetostrictive and piezomagnetic behaviors of these materials. The magnetic and mechanical localizations as well as homogeneous stresses were considered in the modeling and are associated to the intrinsic presence of the Fe 2 B phase. The interplay of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy, initial susceptibility, saturation magnetostriction and texture were quantified by the model and compared to the experimental results. An improvement of the piezomagnetic factor to 15 kA.m −1 /MPa is predicted, for an alloy containing 20% of aluminum, by getting an adequate texture near < 100 > directions.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 1, 2014
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 22, 2019
International Journal of Plasticity, Jul 1, 2022
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 2, 2022
The effect of punching of electric motor sheets on electrical machine performances is addressed. ... more The effect of punching of electric motor sheets on electrical machine performances is addressed. The approach is using measurement and modelling of mechanical stress effect on B(H) curves. A new coupled magneto-elastic Preisach model is proposed and implemented in FEM software. Modelling of EV motor highlights a torque reduction due to residual stresses after stator sheets punching.
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 1, 2018