Nusrat Husain - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Nusrat Husain

Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 2019

Methods: Archival data were obtained from 393 individuals referred for independent neuropsycholog... more Methods: Archival data were obtained from 393 individuals referred for independent neuropsychological assessment in the Netherlands. A total of 64% had a differential psychiatric diagnosis, including somatic symptom disorder. Performance validity tests and symptom validity tests were used to classify subjects into two groups based on diagnostic criteria for probable malingering (Slick et al., 1999). Results: Results showed that nearly half of all subjects (48.3%) exhibited response bias. Response bias was associated with an average 1 standard deviation worsening of scores on cognitive tests, and dramatically increased reporting of depressive symptoms. Response bias was significantly related to a presumptive psychiatric diagnosis and a low level of education.

European Neuropsychopharmacology, 2008

Schizophrenia Research, Volume 102, Issue 1, Pages 258, June 2008, Authors:MaxinePatel; I. Chaudh... more Schizophrenia Research, Volume 102, Issue 1, Pages 258, June 2008, Authors:MaxinePatel; I. Chaudhry; N. Husain; S. McLoughlin; A. David; Peter Haddad. ...

British Journal of Psychiatry, 2007

BackgroundDepression is common in Pakistan but no research on this subject has been reported from... more BackgroundDepression is common in Pakistan but no research on this subject has been reported from the North West Frontier Province (NWFP), host to numerous Afghan refugees.AimsTo measure depressive symptoms and associated features in a population-based sample.MethodA Pushto translation of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) was administered to 471 adults living in a village in one of the federally administered tribal areas. Respondents were also assessed with a life events checklist for social problems, a social support questionnaire and the Brief Disability Questionnaire.ResultsSixty per cent (95/158) of women and 45% (140/313) of men scored 9 or more on the SRQ. High SRQ score was associated with few years of education, higher social problem score, less social support and greater disability. High social problem score was the strongest correlate.ConclusionsThis population reports more depressive symptoms than other communities in Pakistan and this probably reflects the very high...

SAGE Open, 2016

Common mental disorders (CMD), such as depression and anxiety disorders that affect mothers with ... more Common mental disorders (CMD), such as depression and anxiety disorders that affect mothers with young children, are a major public health issue in developing countries. This study investigates the prevalence of CMD and its associated factors among mothers attending a well-child clinic in Mombasa, Kenya. In this cross-sectional study, 429 women were screened for the presence of CMD using the Self-Reporting Questionnaire–20 (SRQ-20). Social support and social stress were measured using the OSLO Social Support Scale and the Life Events Checklist. The prevalence of CMD was 20%. High SRQ scorers were more likely to be single or separated/divorced compared with low scorers. Language, neighborhood, and financial difficulties were found to be significant independent correlates of CMD through multiple logistic regression analysis. Rates of CMD among mothers with young children in Kenya are high. This is important for nurses and pediatricians whose contact offers them an opportunity to detec...

Children, 2021

Background: Globally, paternal depression is a neglected and under-researched area. Aims: To feas... more Background: Globally, paternal depression is a neglected and under-researched area. Aims: To feasibility test Learning Through Play Plus Dads (LTP+ Dads), a group parenting psychoeducation program adapted for depressed Pakistani fathers of children under 3 years of age. Methods: Fathers with depression were recruited in Karachi, Pakistan, for a pre-post feasibility study. Ten sessions of group LTP+ Dads were offered over three months. Clinical assessments were administered at baseline, three (end of intervention), and six (follow-up) months and included the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, Brief Disability Questionnaire, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, Euro-Qol-5 Dimensions, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, Parenting Stress Index, and Knowledge, Attitude and Practices questionnaire. Results: Of the 78 fathers approached, 34 consented to screening and 18 were eligible to participate. Participants had a mean age of 33 year...

BJPsych Open

Background In the UK, postnatal depression is more common in British South Asian women than White... more Background In the UK, postnatal depression is more common in British South Asian women than White Caucasion women. Cognitive–behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended as a first-line treatment, but there is little evidence for the adaptation of CBT for postnatal depression to ensure its applicability to different ethnic groups. Aims To evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a CBT-based positive health programme group intervention in British South Asian women with postnatal depression. Method We have designed a multicentre, two-arm, partially nested, randomised controlled trial with 4- and 12-month follow-up, comparing a 12-session group CBT-based intervention (positive health programme) plus treatment as usual with treatment as usual alone, for British South Asian women with postnatal depression. Participants will be recruited from primary care and appropriate community venues in areas of high South Asian density across the UK. It has been estimated that randomising 720 part...

Frontiers in Psychiatry, 2021

Background: Suicide is a serious public health problem, ranked amongst the leading causes of deat... more Background: Suicide is a serious public health problem, ranked amongst the leading causes of death worldwide. There are no official data on self-harm and suicide in Pakistan; both are illegal acts, and are socially and religiously condemned. This study explored the views of clinicians, including general practitioners (GPs) and hospital physicians (HPs) on self-harm, about their management of people who self-harm and what interventions might be appropriate in Pakistan. Methods: This qualitative study, generating data using semi-structured interviews, was nested within a Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT) of a psychosocial intervention for people following self-harm. Clinicians (n = 18) with experience of treating people who self-harm were recruited from public hospitals and general practices. Results: Face-to-face interviews were conducted in Urdu and digitally recorded with consent, transcribed and translated into English. Transcripts were checked for cultural and interpretive interp...

Background and aims . Systematic reviews and meta-analyses show an association between diabetes a... more Background and aims . Systematic reviews and meta-analyses show an association between diabetes and depression. It is a major public health issue, as depression is generally associated with poor outcome of chronic illnesses, including diabetes and contributes to the high economic burden of health care costs. The purpose of this study is to explore the correlation between depression and diabetes in order to develop adequate interventions. The primary aim was to examine the prevalence of depression, social stress, health related quality of life, and social support among patients with diabetes attending primary care. Material and methods. This was a cross-sectional study conducted in participating primary care clinics in Karachi. All patients with diabetes attending these primary care clinics were invited to participate in the study. Patients with prior diagnosis of major depression, psychotic disorder, or substance abuse disorder, were excluded. Full confidentiality of the data collec...

Objective: To determine which antipsychotics mental health professionals from a low income countr... more Objective: To determine which antipsychotics mental health professionals from a low income country would choose for themselves. Design: Cross-sectional study Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in 8 cities in Pakistan from February to August 2008. Subjects and Methods: Responses from 268 mental health professionals, including psychiatrists and nurses were obtained using a semi-structured questionnaire. Results: All together 80% of doctors chose an atypical antipsychotic; risperidone was the most popular choice. Half of nurses did not know which antipsychotic to choose and the remaining chose haloperidol (21%) and risperidone (19%). Efficacy and safety were the two most important factors influencing their decision. Conclusion: Both doctors and nurses in Pakistan considered efficacy and safety/tolerability to be important factors for choosing an antipsychotic; this is in line with National Institute of Clinical Excellence (NICE) guidelines 2009. Mental health trainin...

BJPsych Open, 2021

Aims Among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), bipolar disorder is recognized as one of the... more Aims Among low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), bipolar disorder is recognized as one of the leading causes of disease burden for adults and is associated with marked suicide risk. There are limited data on suicidal ideation in bipolar disorder from LMICs. This study presents cross-sectional data on the prevalence of suicidality and associated patient characteristics among patients with bipolar depression in Pakistan, a lower-middle income country and the fifth most populous country in the world. Method Participants were recruited through outpatient psychiatric clinics in between 2016–2019 in Karachi, Lahore, Hyderabad and Rawalpindi between 2016–2019. Participants were aged 18 to 65 years with a known diagnosis of bipolar disorder and currently in a depressive episode. Suicidality was assessed using the suicide item of the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and levels of severity were categorized as absent, mild/moderate, or severe. Biometric data and biomarkers ...

The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgery

Introduction There has been a global increase in the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD),... more Introduction There has been a global increase in the prevalence of common mental disorders (CMD), particularly in conflict hotspots. The limited amount of resources is one of the key barriers to effective treatment within Low- and Middle-income countries (LAMICs). The lack of service provision for mental health disorders in LAMICs has resulted in limited opportunities to conduct mental health research. Libya is a North African country that has suffered from ongoing conflict with the current political unrest in Libya further impacting the mental health of the population. Main text The aim of this review is to conduct a synthesis of evidence regarding the estimated prevalence and associated risk factors of CMD in Libya. A search was completed in the academic databases; PubMed, Medline, EMBASE, PsychINFO, CINHAL, and the Institute for Development, Research, Advocacy and Applied Care (IDRAAC) from inception to March 2020. Only studies that investigated prevalence and associated risk fac...

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 2021

Suicide is a serious global public health problem and the third leading cause of death in those 1... more Suicide is a serious global public health problem and the third leading cause of death in those 15–35 years old. Self-harm is the major predictor of future suicide attempts and completed suicide yet remains poorly understood. There is limited evidence on effective interventions for adolescents who present with self-harm. To identify and develop acceptable preventive and therapeutic interventions it is essential to understand the factors that contribute to self-harm and suicide in young people, in the context of their emotions, interpersonal difficulties, available support and prevention strategies. This qualitative study aimed at exploring the lived experiences of adolescents presenting with self-harm and their views about potential prevention strategies. Semi-structured interviews with 16 adolescents (12–18 years) presenting with a self-harm episode in a public hospital in Pakistan. A topic guide was developed to facilitate the interviews. The following themes emerged using the fra...

Health technology assessment, 2021

BACKGROUND When psychosis emerges in young people there is a risk of poorer outcomes, and access ... more BACKGROUND When psychosis emerges in young people there is a risk of poorer outcomes, and access to evidence-based treatments is paramount. The current evidence base is limited. Antipsychotic medications show only a small benefit over placebo, but young people experience more side effects than adults. There is sparse evidence for psychological intervention. Research is needed to determine the clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of psychological intervention versus antipsychotic medication versus a combined treatment for adolescents with psychosis. OBJECTIVES The objective of Managing Adolescent first-episode Psychosis: a feasibility Study (MAPS) was to determine the feasibility of conducting a definitive trial to answer the question of clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of these three treatment options. DESIGN This was a prospective, randomised, open-blinded, evaluation feasibility trial with a single blind. Participants were allocated 1 : 1 : 1 to receive antip...

OBJECTIVE To apply ROC analysis to select the best threshold scores for the PHQ and SRQ; to compa... more OBJECTIVE To apply ROC analysis to select the best threshold scores for the PHQ and SRQ; to compare the sensitivity and specificity of the PHQ and SRQ against a criterion diagnosis of depressive disorder in a community sample in rural Pakistan, and to examine the influence of socio-demographic factors on misclassification. METHODS The study used a two-stage design. Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to estimate the optimal threshold score and to compare the ability of the Self Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ) and the Personal Health Questionnaire (PHQ) to discriminate between cases of depressive disorder and non-cases. RESULTS The results of the ROC analysis suggest that the SRQ is superior to the PHQ, and at the threshold of 5/6, the SRQ has superior sensitivity, negative predictive value and percentage agreement compared with the PHQ. When the SRQ threshold is raised it gains specificity, and at a cut-off threshold of 7/8 it is superior to the PHQ (5/6) in all ...

This chapter brings together perspectives, problems and solutions from expert academics and pract... more This chapter brings together perspectives, problems and solutions from expert academics and practitioners working in the field of old age mental health and dementia. Martin Orrell and Tom Dening make a case for reading in dementia care based on both the evidence base and health economics considerations and explain the requirement for the scientifically robust research study which a randomised controlled trial would provide. Nusrat Husain outlines the special case for Shared Reading among the BME population (specifically older British South Asians) who are more vulnerable than other groups to the twin mental health difficulties of dementia and depression and considers the barriers that will need to be overcome to make reading provision viable. Finally, Sally Rimkeit, Gillian Claridge and Dalice Sim, working on a reading and dementia programme in New Zealand, begin to answer some of the issues raised by their UK colleagues in outlining their current three-stage programme (feasibility,...