Huwaida Malik - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Huwaida Malik
The Journal of Poultry Science
Production of pimpled or sandpaper-shelled eggs (SE) is a major problem in aged hens. Probiotics ... more Production of pimpled or sandpaper-shelled eggs (SE) is a major problem in aged hens. Probiotics can improve eggshell quality; however, the relationship between SE production and gut bacteria remains unclear. Here, 1200 450-d-old Hy-line hens were assigned to four groups (300 hens each), with the control group fed basal diet and treatment groups fed basal diet plus 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. After 4 weeks, probiotics significantly decreased the SE rate from 42.51% to 28.02%. To address why probiotics reduced SE rate, the hens that only produced normal eggs (NE) or SE based on a 2-week assessment were assigned to three groups (NE, SE, and SEP groups; 10 hens each), with the NE and SE groups fed a basal diet and SEP group fed a basal diet plus 1000 mg/kg probiotics. After 4 weeks, ileal tissues from eight birds/group were collected for histomorphological and gene expression analyses, and the ileal content was collected from five birds/group for 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The data showed that probiotics significantly increased the villus length and ratio of villus length to crypt depth. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in the expression of genes related to tight junctions, nutrient transport, and calcium absorption among the groups (except TRPV6, P＜0.001). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis indicated that the alpha-diversity of gut bacteria in the SEP group was the highest among the groups. The Firmicutes phylum was dominant in the NE and SEP groups, whereas the Proteobacteria phylum was dominant in the SE group. Together, these results suggest that probiotics can significantly influence the intestinal structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, which may lead to a reduction in the SE rate in aged hens.
Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a str... more Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a strong effect on chick output. In this experiment nine hundred hatching eggs were used was to study the effect of egg weight and egg shell thickness on hatchability. The results demonstrated that fertility and hatchability percentage of total eggs were significantly (P<0.05) affected by egg weight. The hatchability was increased on small sized egg by 7 % and on medium and large egg by 11%. However, hatchability and embryonic mortality of fertile eggs were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by egg weight. Egg shell thickness had no significant (P>0.05) effect on hatchability and embryonic mortality. Medium and large egg weight adversely affected hatchability. The increase of egg weight above 65 to 69g is accompanied by a decrease in hatchability. Based on the result of this study it was concluded that egg weight has clear effect on hatchability. Hatchability and embryonic mortality...
An experiment was conducted with hundred and sixty, one day old unsexed broilers to investigate t... more An experiment was conducted with hundred and sixty, one day old unsexed broilers to investigate the effects of whey protein on growth performance and internal organs percentage. Four dietary treatments, each consisting of 4 replicates. Diets were control with 0% whey protein (diet A) and whey protein was added at 2, 4 and 6% (B, C and D respectively). Traits studied were feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, internal organs percentage and dressing percentage. Results revealed that no differences were found in feed consumption, weight gain and dressing percentage among the four treatments, a lower feed conversion ratio was observed in week 5 with control group. There was no effect of whey protein on internal organs except the intestine, abdominal fat and gizzard percentages were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the treatment. Chicks in treated groups reported high estimates of intestine and gizzard than control group. On the other hand, the lowest estimates of ...
This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary gum arabic (GA) as a natural prebioti... more This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary gum arabic (GA) as a natural prebiotic and growth promoter on growth performance of broiler chicks. 192 one day old unsexed broiler chicks of commercial strain (Cobb) were randomly assigned into four dietary treatments; group A contained 0% GA and 60% sorghum (control), B contain 5% GA and 57% sorghum, C contain sorghum 30%and maize 30% and D contained sorghum 28%and maize 28% and 5% GA diets were isocoloric and isonitrogenic with two sources of energy sorghum and maize. Each treatment contained six replicates (8 birds/ replicate). Weekly feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were measured. Results showed that feed intake and weight gain were influenced by dietary treatment, the best Feed conversion ratio was attained by group D. Pre-slaughter weight was affected by dietary treatment. Higher pre-slaughter weight and Carcasses weight observed for group D (sorghum 28%and maize 28% and 5% GA). Dressing percentage ...
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, 2016
A 26 - day feeding trial was conducted to assess the impact upon finisher performance of broilers... more A 26 - day feeding trial was conducted to assess the impact upon finisher performance of broilers, fed on diets enhanced with enzymes and supplemented with Hyacinth beans processed in two stages. In addition to basal control (A), another treatment diets of Hyacinth beans at 15% (B, C) and 20% (D, E) with or without enzyme additives were formulated. One hundred and fifty broilers (Ross 308) of 3 weeks age were randomly assigned to five experimental diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment group was replicated five times with 6 birds per replicate. At the end of 3 weeks feeding trial, 15 birds per treatment (3 birds /replicate) were randomly selected, slaughtered and eviscerated for dressing and internal organs study. Results showed that, feed intake (P ≤ 0.01), weight gain (P ≤ 0.01), FCR (P ≤ 0.01), PER (P ≤ 0.01) and dressing percentages (P ≤ 0.01) were declined affectedly in finisher period due inclusion of Hyacinth beans, extremely at 20% Hyacinth beans inclu...
A farm study was carried out to evaluate the inclusion of safflower seeds supplemented with molas... more A farm study was carried out to evaluate the inclusion of safflower seeds supplemented with molasses on broiler chicks performance and carcass traits. A total of one hundred and eight Cobb strain unsexed one day old broiler chicks were distributed into six isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets and each contained three replicates (6birds/replicate) in a complete randomized design. Dietary treatments were a no additives as control (A) and diets containing 5% safflower seeds without molasses (B), 10% safflower seeds without molasses (C), 5% safflower seeds with 3% molasses (D), 10% safflower seeds with 3% molasses (E) and 3% molasses without safflower seeds (F). Feed and water were provided ad libitum till the termination of the trial after 42 days. Parameters measured were feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), relative weights of internal organs (dressing percentage, liver, gizzard, abdominal fat, heart and shrink percentage) and meat proximate analysis. The result...
Journal of Animal Science Advances, 2016
Artemisia herba-alba (Aha), White wormwood (in English), or Shih (in Arabic), is a medicinal plan... more Artemisia herba-alba (Aha), White wormwood (in English), or Shih (in Arabic), is a medicinal plant, used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus and digestive system disorders in human. This study was conducted to investigate the validity of (Aha) as a growth promoter when fed at low levels in broiler chicks. A total of 120 one day-old unsexed broiler chicks (Cobb) were raised under an open system; they were divided into three dietary treatments (40 chicks/treatment), with four replicates per treatment; the dietary treatments were “A”, “B” and “C” contained (0.000 % control, 0.025% and 0.075%) of (Aha), respectively. The experimental diets were fed ad libitum from 1-42 days of age during two phases, starter phase from (0-3) weeks and finisher phase from (4-6) weeks of age. Weekly growth performance parameters including body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were measured. Daily feed intake was not affected by treatments throughout the experiment. Weight gain was not significantly different (P ˃ 0.05) among treatment groups. As for feed conversion ratio, the studied treatments exhibited no significant differences. This study concluded that, supplementation of broiler feed with very low levels of different parts of Artemisia herba-alba plant as powder did not stimulate broiler growth.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Dec 20, 2014
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding graded levels of gum Arabic (0%, 2... more The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding graded levels of gum Arabic (0%, 2.5%, %5 and 7.5%) on the performance and blood chemistry of broiler chicks. A total of 192 unsexed broiler chicks (Cobb strain) were randomly assigned in four dietary treatments. Each treatment contained six replicates (8 birds/replicate). Feed and water were offered ad libitum throughout the experimental Period (42 days).. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not influenced by the dietary inclusion of gum Arabic. The results also revealed that the different levels of gum Arabic had no effect on serum constituents, except total protein which increased significantly. Cholesterol, creatinine and triglyceride levels were decreased significantly in bird fed 5% and 7.5% gum arabic. It is concluded that the incorporation of gum Arabic in broiler chickens diets has a positive effects on broiler chicks performance and reduced serum cholesterol levels, creatinine and triglyceride.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Dec 20, 2014
A study was conducted to assess the responses of broiler chicks to the inclusion of dried rumen c... more A study was conducted to assess the responses of broiler chicks to the inclusion of dried rumen content (DRC) on broiler diet. One hundred and fifty unsexed one day old chicks (Cobb) were distributed randomly to five treatments in a completely randomised design. The experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirements for broiler chicks with inclusion of DRC at different levels: 0 %, 5 %, and 10% without enzymes and two diets containing 5% and 10% DRC with enzymes (amylase, protase, xylanase, glucanase) represented by A, B, C, D and E respectively. Feed and water were provided adlibtum. Weekly feed intake and body weight were recorded. Feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein intake and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were calculated. The experiment lasted for six weeks. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein during slaughtering chicks. Plasma was obtained to determine glucose, cholesterol, total lipids, protein and calcium. Carcass weight and some internal organs were weighed. Sensory evaluations of meat were conducted. The results showed that an increased feed intake and growth rate by increasing the levels of DRC in the diets. FCR, PER and Dressing percentage was not affected (P>0.05) by dietary treatments. Treatments had no significant (P>0.05) effect on plasma glucose, cholesterol, Total lipids, protein and calcium. Gizzard weight and length of Ceacum increased by increasing DRC in the diets. The carcass quality of all treatments was similar in color, flavor, tenderness, juiciness and acceptability. Broiler chicks can tolerate up to 10% DRC in the diets without adverse effect.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Sep 9, 2014
The study targeted effect of addition of ginger root powder as natural feed additive on growth pe... more The study targeted effect of addition of ginger root powder as natural feed additive on growth performance and blood constituents of broiler chicks. One hundred and sixty unsexed one day-old broiler chicks strain (Ross) were divided randomly into four groups. Each represented a treatment (40 birds/treatment) with 4 replicates in a completely randomized design. In addition to the control diet (0.0% ginger root powder), three diets were formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of broiler chicks according to NRC (1994), with graded levels of ginger root powder 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%. Weekly average feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded blood samples were taken to determine the content of glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride. The results showed no significant differences (P>0.05) in the final body weight (1103.3g, 1140.2g, 1141.2g and 1146.9g) between the four treatments. Also, there were no significant differences in total feed intake (2266.1g, 2432.6g, 2396.3g and 2443.6g), total body weight gain (1064.3g, 1101.2g, 1102.2g and 1107.8g), and feed conversion ratio among all dietary treatments. Moreover, no significant differences were obtained in serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride among the four treatments. Mortality rate was 2.5%, 3.75%, 3.12%, and 0.62% for the four treatments (0.0% 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%.ginger) respectively. Chicks tolerated up to 1% ginger without adverse effect on growth performance and blood parameters.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Feb 3, 2014
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ground ginger root (Zingiber officinale) addit... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ground ginger root (Zingiber officinale) addition to the diet of broiler chicks. One hundred and sixty one day old boiler unsexed chicks (cobb strain) were till 42 days of age. Four experimental diets containing 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75% ground ginger root were used. Results showed that dietary ginger incorporation had no significant (p< 0.05) effects on feed intake in the first four weeks. Feed consumption recorded the lowest estimate by broilers fed 0.50% ginger (841.0 g and 777.0g in the 5 th and 6 th weeks respectively) where as chicks fed 0.0, 0.25 and 0.755 ginger diets were not significantly(p< 0.05) different from each other. Weight gain was affect by ginger levels in three weeks. The trait estimated the highest result at level 0.00 in week two, at level 0.75, 0.25 and 0.00 in week four and at level 0.25% in week six. Significantly high results for feed conversion ratio were recorded at level 0.25 0.50, 0.75% in the second week and at level 0.00, 0.50, and 0.75% in the last week. Carcass weight and liver weight were affected by addition of ginger. The traits recorded best results at 0.00, 0.25, and 0.75% ginger level. Broiler chick can tolerate up to 0.75% ground ginger root in the diet without adverse effect.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Nov 26, 2014
Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a str... more Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a strong effect on chick output. In this experiment nine hundred hatching eggs were used was to study the effect of egg weight and egg shell thickness on hatchability. The results demonstrated that fertility and hatchability percentage of total eggs were significantly (P<0.05) affected by egg weight. The hatchability was increased on small sized egg by 7% and on medium and large egg by 11%. However, hatchability and embryonic mortality of fertile eggs were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by egg weight. Egg shell thickness had no significant (P>0.05) effect on hatchability and embryonic mortality. Medium and large egg weight adversely affected hatchability. The increase of egg weight above 65 to 69g is accompanied by a decrease in hatchability. Based on the result of this study it was concluded that egg weight has clear effect on hatchability. Hatchability and embryonic mortality were not affected by egg shell thickness.
Abstract- The use of antibiotics as growth promoter is prohibited all over the world. It is the t... more Abstract- The use of antibiotics as growth promoter is prohibited all over the world. It is the time to seek for appropriate natural feed additives. In the present study a total of 128 unsexed day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) were used. Chicks were weighed and randomly divided into four treatments and housed as 8 in one pen. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated. Diet A contained no spearmint (control), diet B, C and D contained added spearmint at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 %, respectively. Different levels of spearmint did not significantly (P<0.05) affect dressing percentages, but affect both slaughter and carcass weights. Different levels of spearmint exerted significant (P<0.05) differences on final body weight but did not significantly (P<0.05) affect total gain weight, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Spearmint can be used for broiler chicks as feed additive at level of 1.5% as natural agent. Keywords- antioxidant
This study was conducted to investigate the role of rural women in improving household nutritiona... more This study was conducted to investigate the role of rural women in improving household nutritional status and food security, through raising of family poultry; case study of Eastern Nile- Sudan. The main concept of this study is that family poultry form the basis for increasing food production and income in rural communities. The questionnaire was considered to be the main measuring instrument for data collection, two hundred and fifty two households were selected through systematic sampling and interviewed (From six villages in the area under study). Face to face method was, used, where an immediate feed- back was received. The obtained data were subjected to analysis, through the statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study revealed that although family poultry is carried out with the minimal agricultural, veterinary, extension, training and marketing support. But, still it positively contributes in the improvement of the household nutritional status, income and food security. The study concluded that, improvement in housing, feeding, and diseases control, coupled by institutional support in the dissemination of information, capacity building training programs in poultry husbandry practices, veterinary, extension, and financial services, will ultimately enhance better production. In addition formation of women group can facilitate access to inputs and marketing services.
40 -87.5 %) ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 56.7 % (، ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ 0 -60) % ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 10.3 (% ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺨﺪ... more 40 -87.5 %) ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 56.7 % (، ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ 0 -60) % ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 10.3 (% ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺨﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺪون اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ إﺟﺮاء . اﻟﻨﻔﻮق ﻧﺴﺒﺔ إﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖ ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻋﺪد وزﻳﺎدة اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﺘﻜﺮار ا ﺗﺨﻀ ﻟﻢ اﻟﺘﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻟﻤﺤﺎوﻻت ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺪﻳﺮ ﻊ . Abstract This study was conducted in an attempt to standardize a technique of surgical removal of the residual yolk sac in newly hatched chick. Fifteen Attempts were made (7 using Ether as anaesthetizing agent and 8 without anesthesia). Mortality rates among the anaesthetized chicks ranged between 40-87.5% (average 56.7 %), which in the non-anaesthetized group was between 0-60% (average 10.3%) . The mortality rates decreased with increasing the experience (number of trials) in the non-anaesthetized ones.
2013. Effect of surgical removal of the residual yolk sac on the development of the digestive sys... more 2013. Effect of surgical removal of the residual yolk sac on the development of the digestive system and immune response in broiler chicks during early days post-hatch, Online J. Anim ABSTRACT: This study was designed to investigate the effects of the residual yolk-sac on the development of the digestive system and immune response of broiler chicks. Two experiments were conducted in this study. In the first one, 60 day-old broiler chicks (Lohmann) were allocated into three experimental groups according to the status of the residual yolk sac; deutectomized (surgically-removed residual yolk sac), sham operated and intact chicks. Five chicks from each experimental groups were randomly selected at days 2, 4, 6 and 8, weighed, euthanized and the different parts of their digestive tract and liver were weighed. The body weight of deutectomizd chicks at day 2, 4 and 6 post-hatch was significantly (P<0.05) lower compared to that of sham operated and intact chicks. At day 8, the body weigh...
The Journal of Poultry Science
Production of pimpled or sandpaper-shelled eggs (SE) is a major problem in aged hens. Probiotics ... more Production of pimpled or sandpaper-shelled eggs (SE) is a major problem in aged hens. Probiotics can improve eggshell quality; however, the relationship between SE production and gut bacteria remains unclear. Here, 1200 450-d-old Hy-line hens were assigned to four groups (300 hens each), with the control group fed basal diet and treatment groups fed basal diet plus 500, 1000, and 1500 mg/kg of Clostridium butyricum and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. After 4 weeks, probiotics significantly decreased the SE rate from 42.51% to 28.02%. To address why probiotics reduced SE rate, the hens that only produced normal eggs (NE) or SE based on a 2-week assessment were assigned to three groups (NE, SE, and SEP groups; 10 hens each), with the NE and SE groups fed a basal diet and SEP group fed a basal diet plus 1000 mg/kg probiotics. After 4 weeks, ileal tissues from eight birds/group were collected for histomorphological and gene expression analyses, and the ileal content was collected from five birds/group for 16S rDNA sequencing analysis. The data showed that probiotics significantly increased the villus length and ratio of villus length to crypt depth. Quantitative PCR analysis indicated that there were no significant differences in the expression of genes related to tight junctions, nutrient transport, and calcium absorption among the groups (except TRPV6, P＜0.001). The 16S rDNA sequencing analysis indicated that the alpha-diversity of gut bacteria in the SEP group was the highest among the groups. The Firmicutes phylum was dominant in the NE and SEP groups, whereas the Proteobacteria phylum was dominant in the SE group. Together, these results suggest that probiotics can significantly influence the intestinal structure and composition of the intestinal microbiota, which may lead to a reduction in the SE rate in aged hens.
Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a str... more Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a strong effect on chick output. In this experiment nine hundred hatching eggs were used was to study the effect of egg weight and egg shell thickness on hatchability. The results demonstrated that fertility and hatchability percentage of total eggs were significantly (P<0.05) affected by egg weight. The hatchability was increased on small sized egg by 7 % and on medium and large egg by 11%. However, hatchability and embryonic mortality of fertile eggs were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by egg weight. Egg shell thickness had no significant (P>0.05) effect on hatchability and embryonic mortality. Medium and large egg weight adversely affected hatchability. The increase of egg weight above 65 to 69g is accompanied by a decrease in hatchability. Based on the result of this study it was concluded that egg weight has clear effect on hatchability. Hatchability and embryonic mortality...
An experiment was conducted with hundred and sixty, one day old unsexed broilers to investigate t... more An experiment was conducted with hundred and sixty, one day old unsexed broilers to investigate the effects of whey protein on growth performance and internal organs percentage. Four dietary treatments, each consisting of 4 replicates. Diets were control with 0% whey protein (diet A) and whey protein was added at 2, 4 and 6% (B, C and D respectively). Traits studied were feed consumption, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, internal organs percentage and dressing percentage. Results revealed that no differences were found in feed consumption, weight gain and dressing percentage among the four treatments, a lower feed conversion ratio was observed in week 5 with control group. There was no effect of whey protein on internal organs except the intestine, abdominal fat and gizzard percentages were significantly (P < 0.05) affected by the treatment. Chicks in treated groups reported high estimates of intestine and gizzard than control group. On the other hand, the lowest estimates of ...
This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary gum arabic (GA) as a natural prebioti... more This study was conducted to determine the effect of dietary gum arabic (GA) as a natural prebiotic and growth promoter on growth performance of broiler chicks. 192 one day old unsexed broiler chicks of commercial strain (Cobb) were randomly assigned into four dietary treatments; group A contained 0% GA and 60% sorghum (control), B contain 5% GA and 57% sorghum, C contain sorghum 30%and maize 30% and D contained sorghum 28%and maize 28% and 5% GA diets were isocoloric and isonitrogenic with two sources of energy sorghum and maize. Each treatment contained six replicates (8 birds/ replicate). Weekly feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were measured. Results showed that feed intake and weight gain were influenced by dietary treatment, the best Feed conversion ratio was attained by group D. Pre-slaughter weight was affected by dietary treatment. Higher pre-slaughter weight and Carcasses weight observed for group D (sorghum 28%and maize 28% and 5% GA). Dressing percentage ...
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, 2016
A 26 - day feeding trial was conducted to assess the impact upon finisher performance of broilers... more A 26 - day feeding trial was conducted to assess the impact upon finisher performance of broilers, fed on diets enhanced with enzymes and supplemented with Hyacinth beans processed in two stages. In addition to basal control (A), another treatment diets of Hyacinth beans at 15% (B, C) and 20% (D, E) with or without enzyme additives were formulated. One hundred and fifty broilers (Ross 308) of 3 weeks age were randomly assigned to five experimental diets in a completely randomized design (CRD). Each treatment group was replicated five times with 6 birds per replicate. At the end of 3 weeks feeding trial, 15 birds per treatment (3 birds /replicate) were randomly selected, slaughtered and eviscerated for dressing and internal organs study. Results showed that, feed intake (P ≤ 0.01), weight gain (P ≤ 0.01), FCR (P ≤ 0.01), PER (P ≤ 0.01) and dressing percentages (P ≤ 0.01) were declined affectedly in finisher period due inclusion of Hyacinth beans, extremely at 20% Hyacinth beans inclu...
A farm study was carried out to evaluate the inclusion of safflower seeds supplemented with molas... more A farm study was carried out to evaluate the inclusion of safflower seeds supplemented with molasses on broiler chicks performance and carcass traits. A total of one hundred and eight Cobb strain unsexed one day old broiler chicks were distributed into six isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets and each contained three replicates (6birds/replicate) in a complete randomized design. Dietary treatments were a no additives as control (A) and diets containing 5% safflower seeds without molasses (B), 10% safflower seeds without molasses (C), 5% safflower seeds with 3% molasses (D), 10% safflower seeds with 3% molasses (E) and 3% molasses without safflower seeds (F). Feed and water were provided ad libitum till the termination of the trial after 42 days. Parameters measured were feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), relative weights of internal organs (dressing percentage, liver, gizzard, abdominal fat, heart and shrink percentage) and meat proximate analysis. The result...
Journal of Animal Science Advances, 2016
Artemisia herba-alba (Aha), White wormwood (in English), or Shih (in Arabic), is a medicinal plan... more Artemisia herba-alba (Aha), White wormwood (in English), or Shih (in Arabic), is a medicinal plant, used traditionally to treat diabetes mellitus and digestive system disorders in human. This study was conducted to investigate the validity of (Aha) as a growth promoter when fed at low levels in broiler chicks. A total of 120 one day-old unsexed broiler chicks (Cobb) were raised under an open system; they were divided into three dietary treatments (40 chicks/treatment), with four replicates per treatment; the dietary treatments were “A”, “B” and “C” contained (0.000 % control, 0.025% and 0.075%) of (Aha), respectively. The experimental diets were fed ad libitum from 1-42 days of age during two phases, starter phase from (0-3) weeks and finisher phase from (4-6) weeks of age. Weekly growth performance parameters including body weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were measured. Daily feed intake was not affected by treatments throughout the experiment. Weight gain was not significantly different (P ˃ 0.05) among treatment groups. As for feed conversion ratio, the studied treatments exhibited no significant differences. This study concluded that, supplementation of broiler feed with very low levels of different parts of Artemisia herba-alba plant as powder did not stimulate broiler growth.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Dec 20, 2014
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding graded levels of gum Arabic (0%, 2... more The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding graded levels of gum Arabic (0%, 2.5%, %5 and 7.5%) on the performance and blood chemistry of broiler chicks. A total of 192 unsexed broiler chicks (Cobb strain) were randomly assigned in four dietary treatments. Each treatment contained six replicates (8 birds/replicate). Feed and water were offered ad libitum throughout the experimental Period (42 days).. Feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio were not influenced by the dietary inclusion of gum Arabic. The results also revealed that the different levels of gum Arabic had no effect on serum constituents, except total protein which increased significantly. Cholesterol, creatinine and triglyceride levels were decreased significantly in bird fed 5% and 7.5% gum arabic. It is concluded that the incorporation of gum Arabic in broiler chickens diets has a positive effects on broiler chicks performance and reduced serum cholesterol levels, creatinine and triglyceride.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Dec 20, 2014
A study was conducted to assess the responses of broiler chicks to the inclusion of dried rumen c... more A study was conducted to assess the responses of broiler chicks to the inclusion of dried rumen content (DRC) on broiler diet. One hundred and fifty unsexed one day old chicks (Cobb) were distributed randomly to five treatments in a completely randomised design. The experimental diets were formulated to meet the nutrient requirements for broiler chicks with inclusion of DRC at different levels: 0 %, 5 %, and 10% without enzymes and two diets containing 5% and 10% DRC with enzymes (amylase, protase, xylanase, glucanase) represented by A, B, C, D and E respectively. Feed and water were provided adlibtum. Weekly feed intake and body weight were recorded. Feed conversion ratio (FCR), protein intake and protein efficiency ratio (PER) were calculated. The experiment lasted for six weeks. Blood samples were taken from the jugular vein during slaughtering chicks. Plasma was obtained to determine glucose, cholesterol, total lipids, protein and calcium. Carcass weight and some internal organs were weighed. Sensory evaluations of meat were conducted. The results showed that an increased feed intake and growth rate by increasing the levels of DRC in the diets. FCR, PER and Dressing percentage was not affected (P>0.05) by dietary treatments. Treatments had no significant (P>0.05) effect on plasma glucose, cholesterol, Total lipids, protein and calcium. Gizzard weight and length of Ceacum increased by increasing DRC in the diets. The carcass quality of all treatments was similar in color, flavor, tenderness, juiciness and acceptability. Broiler chicks can tolerate up to 10% DRC in the diets without adverse effect.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Sep 9, 2014
The study targeted effect of addition of ginger root powder as natural feed additive on growth pe... more The study targeted effect of addition of ginger root powder as natural feed additive on growth performance and blood constituents of broiler chicks. One hundred and sixty unsexed one day-old broiler chicks strain (Ross) were divided randomly into four groups. Each represented a treatment (40 birds/treatment) with 4 replicates in a completely randomized design. In addition to the control diet (0.0% ginger root powder), three diets were formulated to meet the nutritional requirements of broiler chicks according to NRC (1994), with graded levels of ginger root powder 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%. Weekly average feed intake, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio were recorded blood samples were taken to determine the content of glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride. The results showed no significant differences (P>0.05) in the final body weight (1103.3g, 1140.2g, 1141.2g and 1146.9g) between the four treatments. Also, there were no significant differences in total feed intake (2266.1g, 2432.6g, 2396.3g and 2443.6g), total body weight gain (1064.3g, 1101.2g, 1102.2g and 1107.8g), and feed conversion ratio among all dietary treatments. Moreover, no significant differences were obtained in serum glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride among the four treatments. Mortality rate was 2.5%, 3.75%, 3.12%, and 0.62% for the four treatments (0.0% 0.5%, 0.75% and 1%.ginger) respectively. Chicks tolerated up to 1% ginger without adverse effect on growth performance and blood parameters.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Feb 3, 2014
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ground ginger root (Zingiber officinale) addit... more This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ground ginger root (Zingiber officinale) addition to the diet of broiler chicks. One hundred and sixty one day old boiler unsexed chicks (cobb strain) were till 42 days of age. Four experimental diets containing 0.25, 0.50, and 0.75% ground ginger root were used. Results showed that dietary ginger incorporation had no significant (p< 0.05) effects on feed intake in the first four weeks. Feed consumption recorded the lowest estimate by broilers fed 0.50% ginger (841.0 g and 777.0g in the 5 th and 6 th weeks respectively) where as chicks fed 0.0, 0.25 and 0.755 ginger diets were not significantly(p< 0.05) different from each other. Weight gain was affect by ginger levels in three weeks. The trait estimated the highest result at level 0.00 in week two, at level 0.75, 0.25 and 0.00 in week four and at level 0.25% in week six. Significantly high results for feed conversion ratio were recorded at level 0.25 0.50, 0.75% in the second week and at level 0.00, 0.50, and 0.75% in the last week. Carcass weight and liver weight were affected by addition of ginger. The traits recorded best results at 0.00, 0.25, and 0.75% ginger level. Broiler chick can tolerate up to 0.75% ground ginger root in the diet without adverse effect.
Global Journal of Animal Scientific Research, Nov 26, 2014
Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a str... more Hatchability is a trait of major economic importance in the broiler industry because it has a strong effect on chick output. In this experiment nine hundred hatching eggs were used was to study the effect of egg weight and egg shell thickness on hatchability. The results demonstrated that fertility and hatchability percentage of total eggs were significantly (P<0.05) affected by egg weight. The hatchability was increased on small sized egg by 7% and on medium and large egg by 11%. However, hatchability and embryonic mortality of fertile eggs were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by egg weight. Egg shell thickness had no significant (P>0.05) effect on hatchability and embryonic mortality. Medium and large egg weight adversely affected hatchability. The increase of egg weight above 65 to 69g is accompanied by a decrease in hatchability. Based on the result of this study it was concluded that egg weight has clear effect on hatchability. Hatchability and embryonic mortality were not affected by egg shell thickness.
Abstract- The use of antibiotics as growth promoter is prohibited all over the world. It is the t... more Abstract- The use of antibiotics as growth promoter is prohibited all over the world. It is the time to seek for appropriate natural feed additives. In the present study a total of 128 unsexed day old broiler chicks (Hubbard) were used. Chicks were weighed and randomly divided into four treatments and housed as 8 in one pen. Four isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets were formulated. Diet A contained no spearmint (control), diet B, C and D contained added spearmint at 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 %, respectively. Different levels of spearmint did not significantly (P<0.05) affect dressing percentages, but affect both slaughter and carcass weights. Different levels of spearmint exerted significant (P<0.05) differences on final body weight but did not significantly (P<0.05) affect total gain weight, total feed intake and feed conversion ratio. Spearmint can be used for broiler chicks as feed additive at level of 1.5% as natural agent. Keywords- antioxidant
This study was conducted to investigate the role of rural women in improving household nutritiona... more This study was conducted to investigate the role of rural women in improving household nutritional status and food security, through raising of family poultry; case study of Eastern Nile- Sudan. The main concept of this study is that family poultry form the basis for increasing food production and income in rural communities. The questionnaire was considered to be the main measuring instrument for data collection, two hundred and fifty two households were selected through systematic sampling and interviewed (From six villages in the area under study). Face to face method was, used, where an immediate feed- back was received. The obtained data were subjected to analysis, through the statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). The study revealed that although family poultry is carried out with the minimal agricultural, veterinary, extension, training and marketing support. But, still it positively contributes in the improvement of the household nutritional status, income and food security. The study concluded that, improvement in housing, feeding, and diseases control, coupled by institutional support in the dissemination of information, capacity building training programs in poultry husbandry practices, veterinary, extension, and financial services, will ultimately enhance better production. In addition formation of women group can facilitate access to inputs and marketing services.
40 -87.5 %) ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 56.7 % (، ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ 0 -60) % ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 10.3 (% ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺨﺪ... more 40 -87.5 %) ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 56.7 % (، ﺑﻴﻦ اﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﺗﺮاوﺣﺖ ﺑﻴﻨﻤﺎ 0 -60) % ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ 10.3 (% ﻋﻨﺪ ﺗﺨﺪﻳﺮ ﺑﺪون اﻟﻌﻤﻠﻴﺔ إﺟﺮاء . اﻟﻨﻔﻮق ﻧﺴﺒﺔ إﻧﺨﻔﻀﺖ ﻣﻠﺤﻮﻇﺔ ﺑﺼﻮرة ﻋﺪد وزﻳﺎدة اﻟﺘﺠﺮﺑﺔ ﺑﺘﻜﺮار ا ﺗﺨﻀ ﻟﻢ اﻟﺘﻰ اﻟﻤﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﻓﻰ ﻟﻤﺤﺎوﻻت ﻟﻠﺘﺨﺪﻳﺮ ﻊ . Abstract This study was conducted in an attempt to standardize a technique of surgical removal of the residual yolk sac in newly hatched chick. Fifteen Attempts were made (7 using Ether as anaesthetizing agent and 8 without anesthesia). Mortality rates among the anaesthetized chicks ranged between 40-87.5% (average 56.7 %), which in the non-anaesthetized group was between 0-60% (average 10.3%) . The mortality rates decreased with increasing the experience (number of trials) in the non-anaesthetized ones.
2013. Effect of surgical removal of the residual yolk sac on the development of the digestive sys... more 2013. Effect of surgical removal of the residual yolk sac on the development of the digestive system and immune response in broiler chicks during early days post-hatch, Online J. Anim ABSTRACT: This study was designed to investigate the effects of the residual yolk-sac on the development of the digestive system and immune response of broiler chicks. Two experiments were conducted in this study. In the first one, 60 day-old broiler chicks (Lohmann) were allocated into three experimental groups according to the status of the residual yolk sac; deutectomized (surgically-removed residual yolk sac), sham operated and intact chicks. Five chicks from each experimental groups were randomly selected at days 2, 4, 6 and 8, weighed, euthanized and the different parts of their digestive tract and liver were weighed. The body weight of deutectomizd chicks at day 2, 4 and 6 post-hatch was significantly (P<0.05) lower compared to that of sham operated and intact chicks. At day 8, the body weigh...