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Papers by Istvan Csengeri
Riblje brašno i riblje ulje su važne komponente riblje hrane koja se koristi u akvakulturi. Oni s... more Riblje brašno i riblje ulje su važne komponente riblje hrane koja se koristi u akvakulturi. Oni sadrže nezasićene masne kiseline koje su važne kako u ishrani riba tako i u ishrani ljudi. Međutim, izvori ribljeg brašna i ulja su ograničeni. Cilj AQUAMAX projekta, koga finansira EU, je da se riblje brašno i ulje zamene ili dopune sa biljnim uljima. Tim za imunologiju u Institutu za ribarstvo, akvakulturu i irigaciju ispitivao je efekat dve različite hrane za ribe (hrana dostupna na tržištu i hrana sa dodatkom Camelina ulja) na pojavu stresa izazvanog ograničenim prostorom kod šarana. Na bazi rezultata ovog istraživanja može se zaključiti da primenjena ishrana nema uticaja na toleranciju šarana na stres izazvan ograničenim prostorom
Acta Alimentaria, 2015
The aim of our study was to survey the geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) concentrations ... more The aim of our study was to survey the geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) concentrations of the sediment and that of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fl esh in three different Hungarian fi sh farms (clayey, marshy, and sodic ponds). Results showed that the concentrations of off-fl avour compounds of the sediment and fi sh fi llets were related to the natural environment. The GSM concentration of bottom soil samples was higher, than MIB in each fi sh farm. Both off-fl avour compounds were the highest in the marshy fi sh pond and the lowest in the sodic pond. In case of fi sh fl esh, signifi cant differences were found between the farms in GSM level and fat content. In the fi sh fl esh the same tendency was found as in the sediments, but surprisingly, MIB concentration was higher in the fi llets, referring to accumulation.
Archiv für Tierernaehrung, 1996
ABSTRACT The paper summarises experimental data demonstrating effects of various dietary factors ... more ABSTRACT The paper summarises experimental data demonstrating effects of various dietary factors exerting changes in the fatty acid composition and fatty acid metabolism of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Among the dietary factors (1) supplementary feeding in fish ponds, (2) absence of essential fatty acids (EFA) in the diet, (3) starvation, and (4) ration level were studied. It was concluded that supplementary feeding in carp rearing ponds is frequently excessive in the Hungarian carp culture practice, inducing slight EFA-deficiency and enhancing de novo fatty acid synthesis. This latter caused enlarged fat depots with high oleic acid contents in the fish organs and tissues. EFA-deficient diets enhanced the synthesis of oleic acid except when high rate of de novo fatty acid synthesis was suppressed by dietary fatty acids. Feeding EFA-deficient diets caused gradual decrease in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and gradual increase in that of Mead's acid: 20:3(n-9), an indicator of the EFA-deficiency. At prolonged starvation, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the structural lipids were somehow protected and mainly oleic acid was utilised for energy production. At high ration levels, excessive exogenous polyunsaturates were decomposed, and probably converted to oleic acid or energy. Starvation subsequent to the feeding the fish at various ration levels, reflected adaptive changes in the fatty acid metabolism: Below and above the ration level required for the most efficient feed utilisation for growth, decomposition processes of the fatty acid metabolism were accelerated.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2001
The trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and aquatic organisms, such as fish, could indi... more The trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and aquatic organisms, such as fish, could indicate the level and tendency of the pollution. This is important not only for the protection of the environment, but for evaluation of the quality of fish meat either captured from natural waters or cultured in fishponds. The total trace metal concentrations in samples of fish from different regions of Hungary and from different species have been determined by using an X-ray fluorescence technique (EDXRF). Water, sediment and fish samples from fishpond systems with different feeding and stocking has also been analyzed. In the case of zinc contents, differences have been traced between the cultured and wild common carp. In the case of common carp reared under different feeding conditions, differences were also observed in the zinc concentration. The retention of the trace metals in the fish has been studied by measuring the levels in sediment, water and feed. The different retention can be explained by the different availability of zinc in the applied feeds, which can be related to the presence of different metal species in the feeds.
Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldis Arad, Seria Stiintele Vietii
The presence of pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic en-... more The presence of pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic en-vironment has become an increased concern in the last decades. The widespread presence of medicines in the environment can be explained by extensive use in medical practices and incomplete removal in Waste Water Treatment Plant. This paper provides a summary of knowledge about occurrence, fate and effects of more frequently used pharmaceuticals and some experimental data about accumulation properties of oxytet-racycline in environmental and fish samples.
The potential antiarrhythmic effect of dietary fish meat feeding was investigated in rats. Fish m... more The potential antiarrhythmic effect of dietary fish meat feeding was investigated in rats. Fish meat, harvested from carps fed experimental foods enriched with essential fatty acids, was mixed with a commercial rat food and fed to rats for 4 weeks. At the end of the feeding period in anesthetized rats myocardial ischemia reperfusion induced arrhythmias were induced by occlusion of the coronary artery for 6 min, followed by reperfusion. Supplying fish meat, rich in n 3 type polyunsaturated fatty acids, significantly decreased the incidence of myocardial ischemia reperfusion induced arrhythmias in the rat, and increased the survival rate. These results confirm previous investigations that feeding fish oil or fish meat may offer cardioprotective effect, and consumption of the farmed fish, like carp, may result in similar protective effects to the marine food.
Based on the formulations of the ingredient mixtures and setting up the details of the extrusion ... more Based on the formulations of the ingredient mixtures and setting up the details of the extrusion technology 4 floating complementary carp feeds were developed suitable for inclusion of high oil levels by vacuum coating technology. The experimental feeds were manufactured in pilot scale and the efficiency of oil supplementation after application of vacuum coating was checked by GC determination of feed fatty acid composition. The amounts of fortifying long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LcPUFA) containing oils -Mortierella alpine oil, containing 40% arachidonic acid in triglyceride form (ARA); eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) ethyl esterswere as follows: Feed CF2: 6.0% Linseed oil (LSO); CF3: 3.5% LSO + 1.5% Arachidonic acid (ARA) + 1% DHA; CF4: 6.0% Fish oil (FO); CF5: 4.5% FO + 1.5% ARA. The control sinking feed (CF1) was supplemented with 6.0% Soybean oil (SBO). The fatty acid composition determined by capillary gas chromatography well reflected the fortification. The experimental feeds were tested in a feeding experiment with common carp under intensive RAS rearing conditions. The experimental feeds and the control sinking one were fed to fish in parallel groups at constant water temperature (average: 23.9±0.3 ºC), with an average oxygen saturation of 90±2 %. Fish were grown steadily, the best growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion rate (FCR) both were found in the FO fed group (1.17±0.00 %/day and 2.02±0.12 g/g). In the feeds highest levels for 18:3n3, 20:4n6 and 22:6n3 were 27.6%, 9.2%, and 11.2%, respectively. Whereas for the above mentioned fatty acids the highest levels of 7.3%, 2.3%, and 2.3%, respectively, were found in the carp fillets, the estimated EPA+DHA contents of the fillet were 5 to 12 times higher in the fillets of fish fed on fortified feeds than in those of fish fed on control feed CF1. Fortified floating feeds can be applied as complementary feed along with sufficient levels of natural food in fish ponds in suitable feeding regimes. A suitable feeding regime was suggested to apply the complementary feeds.
Archiv für Tierernährung, 1986
The effect of supplemental dietary fat on the fatty acid composition of some tissue lipids of rai... more The effect of supplemental dietary fat on the fatty acid composition of some tissue lipids of rainbow trout fingerlings was studied. Data showed that dietary fatty acids were deposited nearly unchanged in the adipose tissue. The level of eicosapentaenoic acid, however, dropped significantly. Muscle showed remarkable capacity for deposition of dietary fat, while only minor changes were observed in the fatty acid composition of liver lipids. Levels of some polyenoic acid (e.g. 18: 2 omega 6, 20:4 omega 6, 20:5 omega 3, 22:6 omega 3) showed, that the fish converted lower unsaturated fatty acids to highly unsaturated fatty acids. It was observed that dietary acids had little effect on the fatty acid composition of tissue phospholipids. This result shows, that 17% fat in the diet are tolerated by trout, without alterations in the fat composition of the liver tissue. Probably the low rearing temperature (11 degrees C) had a more pronounced effect on the fatty acid composition of phospholi...
Acta biologica Hungarica, 1988
Analyses were made of the phsopholipid fatty acids and the antioxidant enzymes in the carp (Cypri... more Analyses were made of the phsopholipid fatty acids and the antioxidant enzymes in the carp (Cyprinus carpio morpha) at three different oxygen concentrations, corresponding to hyperoxia, hypoxia and anoxia. Variations of the oxygen concentration were found to influence the quantities of phsopholipid fatty acids, as well as the antioxidant enzyme activities. In hyperoxia and hypoxia the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in carp liver was higher than in anoxia, but in other tissues there was no significant differences. As to the antioxidant enzyme system, the glutathione peroxidase activity and the lipid peroxidation value increased significantly with decrease of the oxygen concentration, while the total superoxide dismutase activity decreased on lowering of the oxygen level.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1987
1. 1. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were isolated from three organs of omnivorous, herbi... more 1. 1. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were isolated from three organs of omnivorous, herbivorous and carnivorous fish. ... 2. 2. These were subjected to quantitative phospholipid fatty acid comparison. ... 3. 3. The antioxidant enzyme activities and the contents of ...
Riblje brašno i riblje ulje su važne komponente riblje hrane koja se koristi u akvakulturi. Oni s... more Riblje brašno i riblje ulje su važne komponente riblje hrane koja se koristi u akvakulturi. Oni sadrže nezasićene masne kiseline koje su važne kako u ishrani riba tako i u ishrani ljudi. Međutim, izvori ribljeg brašna i ulja su ograničeni. Cilj AQUAMAX projekta, koga finansira EU, je da se riblje brašno i ulje zamene ili dopune sa biljnim uljima. Tim za imunologiju u Institutu za ribarstvo, akvakulturu i irigaciju ispitivao je efekat dve različite hrane za ribe (hrana dostupna na tržištu i hrana sa dodatkom Camelina ulja) na pojavu stresa izazvanog ograničenim prostorom kod šarana. Na bazi rezultata ovog istraživanja može se zaključiti da primenjena ishrana nema uticaja na toleranciju šarana na stres izazvan ograničenim prostorom
Acta Alimentaria, 2015
The aim of our study was to survey the geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) concentrations ... more The aim of our study was to survey the geosmin (GSM) and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB) concentrations of the sediment and that of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fl esh in three different Hungarian fi sh farms (clayey, marshy, and sodic ponds). Results showed that the concentrations of off-fl avour compounds of the sediment and fi sh fi llets were related to the natural environment. The GSM concentration of bottom soil samples was higher, than MIB in each fi sh farm. Both off-fl avour compounds were the highest in the marshy fi sh pond and the lowest in the sodic pond. In case of fi sh fl esh, signifi cant differences were found between the farms in GSM level and fat content. In the fi sh fl esh the same tendency was found as in the sediments, but surprisingly, MIB concentration was higher in the fi llets, referring to accumulation.
Archiv für Tierernaehrung, 1996
ABSTRACT The paper summarises experimental data demonstrating effects of various dietary factors ... more ABSTRACT The paper summarises experimental data demonstrating effects of various dietary factors exerting changes in the fatty acid composition and fatty acid metabolism of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Among the dietary factors (1) supplementary feeding in fish ponds, (2) absence of essential fatty acids (EFA) in the diet, (3) starvation, and (4) ration level were studied. It was concluded that supplementary feeding in carp rearing ponds is frequently excessive in the Hungarian carp culture practice, inducing slight EFA-deficiency and enhancing de novo fatty acid synthesis. This latter caused enlarged fat depots with high oleic acid contents in the fish organs and tissues. EFA-deficient diets enhanced the synthesis of oleic acid except when high rate of de novo fatty acid synthesis was suppressed by dietary fatty acids. Feeding EFA-deficient diets caused gradual decrease in the levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids and gradual increase in that of Mead's acid: 20:3(n-9), an indicator of the EFA-deficiency. At prolonged starvation, polyunsaturated fatty acids of the structural lipids were somehow protected and mainly oleic acid was utilised for energy production. At high ration levels, excessive exogenous polyunsaturates were decomposed, and probably converted to oleic acid or energy. Starvation subsequent to the feeding the fish at various ration levels, reflected adaptive changes in the fatty acid metabolism: Below and above the ration level required for the most efficient feed utilisation for growth, decomposition processes of the fatty acid metabolism were accelerated.
Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2001
The trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and aquatic organisms, such as fish, could indi... more The trace metal concentrations in water, sediment and aquatic organisms, such as fish, could indicate the level and tendency of the pollution. This is important not only for the protection of the environment, but for evaluation of the quality of fish meat either captured from natural waters or cultured in fishponds. The total trace metal concentrations in samples of fish from different regions of Hungary and from different species have been determined by using an X-ray fluorescence technique (EDXRF). Water, sediment and fish samples from fishpond systems with different feeding and stocking has also been analyzed. In the case of zinc contents, differences have been traced between the cultured and wild common carp. In the case of common carp reared under different feeding conditions, differences were also observed in the zinc concentration. The retention of the trace metals in the fish has been studied by measuring the levels in sediment, water and feed. The different retention can be explained by the different availability of zinc in the applied feeds, which can be related to the presence of different metal species in the feeds.
Studia Universitatis Vasile Goldis Arad, Seria Stiintele Vietii
The presence of pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic en-... more The presence of pharmaceuticals, their metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic en-vironment has become an increased concern in the last decades. The widespread presence of medicines in the environment can be explained by extensive use in medical practices and incomplete removal in Waste Water Treatment Plant. This paper provides a summary of knowledge about occurrence, fate and effects of more frequently used pharmaceuticals and some experimental data about accumulation properties of oxytet-racycline in environmental and fish samples.
The potential antiarrhythmic effect of dietary fish meat feeding was investigated in rats. Fish m... more The potential antiarrhythmic effect of dietary fish meat feeding was investigated in rats. Fish meat, harvested from carps fed experimental foods enriched with essential fatty acids, was mixed with a commercial rat food and fed to rats for 4 weeks. At the end of the feeding period in anesthetized rats myocardial ischemia reperfusion induced arrhythmias were induced by occlusion of the coronary artery for 6 min, followed by reperfusion. Supplying fish meat, rich in n 3 type polyunsaturated fatty acids, significantly decreased the incidence of myocardial ischemia reperfusion induced arrhythmias in the rat, and increased the survival rate. These results confirm previous investigations that feeding fish oil or fish meat may offer cardioprotective effect, and consumption of the farmed fish, like carp, may result in similar protective effects to the marine food.
Based on the formulations of the ingredient mixtures and setting up the details of the extrusion ... more Based on the formulations of the ingredient mixtures and setting up the details of the extrusion technology 4 floating complementary carp feeds were developed suitable for inclusion of high oil levels by vacuum coating technology. The experimental feeds were manufactured in pilot scale and the efficiency of oil supplementation after application of vacuum coating was checked by GC determination of feed fatty acid composition. The amounts of fortifying long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LcPUFA) containing oils -Mortierella alpine oil, containing 40% arachidonic acid in triglyceride form (ARA); eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic (DHA) ethyl esterswere as follows: Feed CF2: 6.0% Linseed oil (LSO); CF3: 3.5% LSO + 1.5% Arachidonic acid (ARA) + 1% DHA; CF4: 6.0% Fish oil (FO); CF5: 4.5% FO + 1.5% ARA. The control sinking feed (CF1) was supplemented with 6.0% Soybean oil (SBO). The fatty acid composition determined by capillary gas chromatography well reflected the fortification. The experimental feeds were tested in a feeding experiment with common carp under intensive RAS rearing conditions. The experimental feeds and the control sinking one were fed to fish in parallel groups at constant water temperature (average: 23.9±0.3 ºC), with an average oxygen saturation of 90±2 %. Fish were grown steadily, the best growth rate (SGR) and feed conversion rate (FCR) both were found in the FO fed group (1.17±0.00 %/day and 2.02±0.12 g/g). In the feeds highest levels for 18:3n3, 20:4n6 and 22:6n3 were 27.6%, 9.2%, and 11.2%, respectively. Whereas for the above mentioned fatty acids the highest levels of 7.3%, 2.3%, and 2.3%, respectively, were found in the carp fillets, the estimated EPA+DHA contents of the fillet were 5 to 12 times higher in the fillets of fish fed on fortified feeds than in those of fish fed on control feed CF1. Fortified floating feeds can be applied as complementary feed along with sufficient levels of natural food in fish ponds in suitable feeding regimes. A suitable feeding regime was suggested to apply the complementary feeds.
Archiv für Tierernährung, 1986
The effect of supplemental dietary fat on the fatty acid composition of some tissue lipids of rai... more The effect of supplemental dietary fat on the fatty acid composition of some tissue lipids of rainbow trout fingerlings was studied. Data showed that dietary fatty acids were deposited nearly unchanged in the adipose tissue. The level of eicosapentaenoic acid, however, dropped significantly. Muscle showed remarkable capacity for deposition of dietary fat, while only minor changes were observed in the fatty acid composition of liver lipids. Levels of some polyenoic acid (e.g. 18: 2 omega 6, 20:4 omega 6, 20:5 omega 3, 22:6 omega 3) showed, that the fish converted lower unsaturated fatty acids to highly unsaturated fatty acids. It was observed that dietary acids had little effect on the fatty acid composition of tissue phospholipids. This result shows, that 17% fat in the diet are tolerated by trout, without alterations in the fat composition of the liver tissue. Probably the low rearing temperature (11 degrees C) had a more pronounced effect on the fatty acid composition of phospholi...
Acta biologica Hungarica, 1988
Analyses were made of the phsopholipid fatty acids and the antioxidant enzymes in the carp (Cypri... more Analyses were made of the phsopholipid fatty acids and the antioxidant enzymes in the carp (Cyprinus carpio morpha) at three different oxygen concentrations, corresponding to hyperoxia, hypoxia and anoxia. Variations of the oxygen concentration were found to influence the quantities of phsopholipid fatty acids, as well as the antioxidant enzyme activities. In hyperoxia and hypoxia the amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids in carp liver was higher than in anoxia, but in other tissues there was no significant differences. As to the antioxidant enzyme system, the glutathione peroxidase activity and the lipid peroxidation value increased significantly with decrease of the oxygen concentration, while the total superoxide dismutase activity decreased on lowering of the oxygen level.
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Comparative Biochemistry, 1987
1. 1. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were isolated from three organs of omnivorous, herbi... more 1. 1. Mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were isolated from three organs of omnivorous, herbivorous and carnivorous fish. ... 2. 2. These were subjected to quantitative phospholipid fatty acid comparison. ... 3. 3. The antioxidant enzyme activities and the contents of ...