Irina Fomina - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Irina Fomina
International Agrophysics, 2012
Stress responses of spring rape to soil hypoxia were investigated during 8-days flooding. Soil ai... more Stress responses of spring rape to soil hypoxia were investigated during 8-days flooding. Soil air-filled porosity decreased from 25-30% to 0%, oxygen diffusion rate - from 2.6-3.5 to 0.34 μmol O2 m-2 s-1, and redox potential - from 460 to 150mVwithin few hours. Alcohol dehydrogenase activity in roots increased up to 7-fold after one day of flooding and then decreased to 170% of control. Superoxide dismutase activity in roots increased by 27% during first 3 days and then dropped to 60% of control; in the leaves superoxide dismutase activity increased in average by 44%. Ascorbate peroxidase activity in leaves increased by 37% during first 3 days and then decreased to control value. Glutathione reductase activity increased by 45% in roots of flooded plants but did not change in leaves. Proline concentration in leaves increased up to 4-fold on the 3d day of flooding and then decreased to control value. Thus soil flooding induces increase of alcohol dehydrogenase activity and subsequent...
Soviet plant physiology, 1993
Symbiosis, 1999
We investigated the pigment content and carbon metabolism of Lubomirska baikalensis, a dominant f... more We investigated the pigment content and carbon metabolism of Lubomirska baikalensis, a dominant fresh water sponge in Lake Baikal that contains symbiotic microalgae. The algae are morphologically similar to Chlorella spp. but lack chlorophyll b. Intact sponges from 15 m give a classical 02 flux vs. irradiance response, but isolated algae respond with dramatically increased photosynthetic efficiency. Intact sponges from 28 m exhibit lower photosynthetic capacity and the isolated algae exhibit photoinhibition at higher irradiances. 14C02 is fixed via the C3 pathway of photosynthetic carbon metabolism. A large fraction of the early products of photosynthesis accumulate as glycerate. Starch content increases with increasing habitat depth. The algae in hospite do not appear to adapt to decreased irradiance as depth increases.
Biokhimii͡a (Moscow, Russia), 1983
Three types of mutants (pigment, non-photosynthesizing and pigment non-photosynthesizing ones) we... more Three types of mutants (pigment, non-photosynthesizing and pigment non-photosynthesizing ones) were used to identify the chlorophyll-containing bands in gel slices. The pigment mutants with an impaired light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex possess photochemically active reaction centers of photosystems and are capable of phototrophic growth. Using these mutants, the heterogeneity of the chlorophyll-containing bands, LH2 and LH3, in gel slices and the dependence of LH2 on chlorophyll a-protein and that of LH3 on chlorophyll b-protein in the light-harvesting complex were established. The non-photosynthesizing mutants with an inactive photosystem I (or II) are devoid of antennae forms of chlorophyll a and are not capable of phototrophic growth. Using these mutants, it was demonstrated that in gel slices the chlorophyll-containing band, CPI, corresponds to the chlorophyll a-protein complex of photosystem I, while CPII to the chlorophyll a-protein complex of photosystem II. It...
Marine Biology, 2000
Eects of nutrient treatments on photoacclimation of the hermatypic coral Stylophora pistillata (E... more Eects of nutrient treatments on photoacclimation of the hermatypic coral Stylophora pistillata (Esper) were studied. Studies on photoacclimation of colonies from dierent light regimes in the ®eld were evaluated and used to design laboratory experiments. Coral colonies were collected in the Gulf of Eilat (Israel) from January to March 1993. Exterior branches of colonies from dierent depths (1 to 40 m) displayed different trends in production characteristics at reduced and very low levels of illumination. From 24 3% to 12 2% of incident surface photosynthetic active radiation (PAR o), zooxanthella population density and chlorophyll a+c per 10 6 zooxanthellae increased, a trend seen in the range of light levels optimal for coral growth (90 to 30% PAR o). The P max of CO 2 per 10 6 zooxanthellae decreased, while P max of CO 2 per 10 3 polyps increased, indicating an increase in zooxanthella population density at low light levels. Proliferous zooxanthella frequency (PZF, a measure of zooxanthella division) declined signi®cantly at light levels <18 3% PAR o. At the lowest levels of illumination (<5% PAR o), zooxanthella population density decreased, as did the PZF; chl a+c per 10 6 zooxanthellae was unchanged. In 28-d experiments, exterior coral branches from the upper surfaces of colonies from 3 m depth (65 4% PAR o) were incubated in aquaria under bright (80 to 90% PAR o), reduced (20 to 30% PAR o), and extremely low (2 to 4% PAR o) light intensities. At each light intensity, the corals were maintained in three feeding treatments: sea water (SW); ammonium enriched SW (SW + N); SW with Artemia salina nauplii (SW + A). An increase in P max of CO 2 per 10 3 polyps was found in corals acclimated to reduced light (20 to 30% PAR o) in nutrient-enriched SW, while in SW, where the increase in zooxanthella population density was smaller, it did not occur. Nutrient enrichments (SW + N at 2 to 4% PAR o and SW + A at 20 to 30% PAR o) increased zooxanthella population density, but had no eect on chl a+c per 10 6 zooxanthellae. Acclimation for 14 d to reduced (10 to 20% PAR o) and extremely low (1 to 3% PAR o) light intensities shifted 14 C photoassimilation into glycerol and other compounds (probably glycerides), rather than sugars. Both ammonium addition and feeding with Artemia salina nauplii resulted in an increase in photosynthetic assimilation of 14 C into amino acids. We conclude that acclimation to reduced light consists of two processes: an increase in photosynthetic pigments and in zooxanthella population density. Both processes require nitrogen, the increase in zooxanthella population density needing more; this adaptation is therefore limited in nitrogen-poor sea water.
Complex Biological Systems
Complex Biological Systems
Complex Biological Systems
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
The book presents the concepts and hypotheses of the authors on the critical problems of closed a... more The book presents the concepts and hypotheses of the authors on the critical problems of closed and semi-closed biological systems, some of the mecha-nisms of plants adaptation to normal and extreme conditions, and the role of photosynthesis and other physiological processes in the plant activity. The book can be used by specialists in ecology, plant physiology, botany, biochemistry, agronomy, genetics, and other areas of biology, students of biological faculty, and all who are concerned about the present and future of our Planet.
Photosynthetica, 2015
The review is devoted to the outstanding contributions to the path of carbon in photosynthesis by... more The review is devoted to the outstanding contributions to the path of carbon in photosynthesis by Professor Emeritus Andrew A. Benson, on the occasion of his death at the age of 97, on January 16, 2015. Benson is the legendary codiscoverer of the photosynthetic reductive pentose phosphate cycle, known to every student of photosynthesis as the Benson-Bassham-Calvin cycle. This pathway evolved into the dominant assimilation mechanism for atmospheric carbon into metabolites. The fundamental ecological and biochemical optimization and evolutionary stability of this mechanism unfolded elegantly in Benson's hands, as he was the first to recognize the building blocks for the synthesis of essential organic compounds that satisfy the energetic needs and demands of most life forms. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism together with other energy and oxidative reactions and secondary biosynthetic processes are critical for the formation of organic matter; and, thereby, the Benson-Bassham-Calvin cycle ensures maintenance of the biosphere.
Biofizika
The damaging effect of oxidative stress inductors: methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, cumene hydro... more The damaging effect of oxidative stress inductors: methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, cumene hydroperoxide, H2O2, menadion, and high irradiance on the photosynthetic apparatus of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in cells of the wild type strain and the methyl viologen-resistant Prq20 mutant with the disrupted function of the regulatory gene prqR has been investigated by measuring the delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll a and the rate of CO2dependent -O2 gas exchange. It has been shown that the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus in the Prq20 mutant as compared with the wild type was less in the presence of methyl viologen and benzyl viologen. Reasons for the enhanced resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus in the mutant Prq20 to methyl viologen and benzyl viologen are discussed.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2010
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. “Rudzik”) seeds were soaked in aqueous 10 -6 М 4-hydroxyphenethyl ... more Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. “Rudzik”) seeds were soaked in aqueous 10 -6 М 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (4-HPEA) to estimate its influence on seed germination, growth of seedlings, and their adaptive potential under soil flooding conditions. The adaptive potential of the plants was estimated by the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and the activity of guaiacol-dependent peroxidase (GPX). It was shown that the 4-HPEA had a stimulatory action on seed germination, shoot and root growth, and biomass production, expressed to a greater extent in the early stage of plant development. Pre-sowing soaking of barley seeds in aqueous 4-HPEA solution increased plant tolerance to the effect of soil flooding, too.
Journal of Plant Physiology, 2017
The ultrastructure of mesophyll cells was studied in leaves of the Triticum aestivum L. cv. "Triz... more The ultrastructure of mesophyll cells was studied in leaves of the Triticum aestivum L. cv. "Trizo" seedlings after two weeks of growth on soil contaminated by Pb and/or Se. The soil treatments: control; (Pb1) 50 mg kg −1 ; (Pb2) 100 mg kg −1 ; (Se1) 0.4 mg kg −1 ; (Se2) 0.8 mg kg −1 ; (Pb1 + Se1); (Pb1 + Se2); (P2 + Se1); and (Pb2 + Se2) were used. Light and other conditions were optimal for plant growth. The (Se1)-plants showed enhanced growth and biomass production; (Pb1 + Se1)-plants did not lag behind the controls, though O 2 evolution decreased; chlorophyll content did not differ statistically in these treatments. Other treatments led to statistically significant growth suppression, chlorophyll content reduction, inhibition of photosynthesis, stress development tested by H 2 O 2 and leaf etiolation at the end of 14-days experiment. The tops of etiolated leaves remained green, while the main leaf parts were visually white. Plastids in mesophyll cells of etiolated parts of leaves were mainly represented by etioplasts and an insignificant amount of degraded chloroplasts. Other cellular organelles remained intact in most mesophyll cells of the plants, except (Pb2 + Se2)-plants. Ruptured tonoplast and etioplast envelope, swelled cytoplasm and mitochondria, and electron transparent matrix of gialoplasm were observed in the mesophyll cells at (Pb2 + Se2)-treatment, that caused maximal inhibition of plant growth. The results indicate that Pb and Se effects on growth of wheat leaves are likely to target meristem in which the development of proplastids to chloroplasts under the light is determined by chlorophyll biosynthesis. Antagonistic effect of low concentration of Se and Pb in combination may retard etiolation process.
International Agrophysics, 2016
Fluctuation of the summer day-time temperatures in the mid-latitudes in a range from 16 to 30°C s... more Fluctuation of the summer day-time temperatures in the mid-latitudes in a range from 16 to 30°C should not have irreversible negative effects on plants, but may influence metabolic processes including the oxidative stress. To test the effect of moderately high temperature on oxidative stress induced by lead in the leaves of Plantago major L.; the plants were incubated in a water solution of 0, 150, 450, and 900 μM Pb (NO3)2 at 20 and 28°C. Plant reactions were evaluated by the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in leaves after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. The Pb concentration in the leaves rose with the increase in the Pb content and was higher at 20°C. The increase in stomatal resistance caused by Pb was higher at 28°C. The contents of TBARS increased after 2 h of plant exposure to Pb and the increase was the highest at 900 μM Pb, 28°C. The AsP activity increased up to 50% after 24 h of Pb-treatment at 28°C; the ...
International Agrophysics, 2012
Stress responses of spring rape to soil hypoxia were investigated during 8-days flooding. Soil ai... more Stress responses of spring rape to soil hypoxia were investigated during 8-days flooding. Soil air-filled porosity decreased from 25-30% to 0%, oxygen diffusion rate - from 2.6-3.5 to 0.34 μmol O2 m-2 s-1, and redox potential - from 460 to 150mVwithin few hours. Alcohol dehydrogenase activity in roots increased up to 7-fold after one day of flooding and then decreased to 170% of control. Superoxide dismutase activity in roots increased by 27% during first 3 days and then dropped to 60% of control; in the leaves superoxide dismutase activity increased in average by 44%. Ascorbate peroxidase activity in leaves increased by 37% during first 3 days and then decreased to control value. Glutathione reductase activity increased by 45% in roots of flooded plants but did not change in leaves. Proline concentration in leaves increased up to 4-fold on the 3d day of flooding and then decreased to control value. Thus soil flooding induces increase of alcohol dehydrogenase activity and subsequent...
Soviet plant physiology, 1993
Symbiosis, 1999
We investigated the pigment content and carbon metabolism of Lubomirska baikalensis, a dominant f... more We investigated the pigment content and carbon metabolism of Lubomirska baikalensis, a dominant fresh water sponge in Lake Baikal that contains symbiotic microalgae. The algae are morphologically similar to Chlorella spp. but lack chlorophyll b. Intact sponges from 15 m give a classical 02 flux vs. irradiance response, but isolated algae respond with dramatically increased photosynthetic efficiency. Intact sponges from 28 m exhibit lower photosynthetic capacity and the isolated algae exhibit photoinhibition at higher irradiances. 14C02 is fixed via the C3 pathway of photosynthetic carbon metabolism. A large fraction of the early products of photosynthesis accumulate as glycerate. Starch content increases with increasing habitat depth. The algae in hospite do not appear to adapt to decreased irradiance as depth increases.
Biokhimii͡a (Moscow, Russia), 1983
Three types of mutants (pigment, non-photosynthesizing and pigment non-photosynthesizing ones) we... more Three types of mutants (pigment, non-photosynthesizing and pigment non-photosynthesizing ones) were used to identify the chlorophyll-containing bands in gel slices. The pigment mutants with an impaired light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-protein complex possess photochemically active reaction centers of photosystems and are capable of phototrophic growth. Using these mutants, the heterogeneity of the chlorophyll-containing bands, LH2 and LH3, in gel slices and the dependence of LH2 on chlorophyll a-protein and that of LH3 on chlorophyll b-protein in the light-harvesting complex were established. The non-photosynthesizing mutants with an inactive photosystem I (or II) are devoid of antennae forms of chlorophyll a and are not capable of phototrophic growth. Using these mutants, it was demonstrated that in gel slices the chlorophyll-containing band, CPI, corresponds to the chlorophyll a-protein complex of photosystem I, while CPII to the chlorophyll a-protein complex of photosystem II. It...
Marine Biology, 2000
Eects of nutrient treatments on photoacclimation of the hermatypic coral Stylophora pistillata (E... more Eects of nutrient treatments on photoacclimation of the hermatypic coral Stylophora pistillata (Esper) were studied. Studies on photoacclimation of colonies from dierent light regimes in the ®eld were evaluated and used to design laboratory experiments. Coral colonies were collected in the Gulf of Eilat (Israel) from January to March 1993. Exterior branches of colonies from dierent depths (1 to 40 m) displayed different trends in production characteristics at reduced and very low levels of illumination. From 24 3% to 12 2% of incident surface photosynthetic active radiation (PAR o), zooxanthella population density and chlorophyll a+c per 10 6 zooxanthellae increased, a trend seen in the range of light levels optimal for coral growth (90 to 30% PAR o). The P max of CO 2 per 10 6 zooxanthellae decreased, while P max of CO 2 per 10 3 polyps increased, indicating an increase in zooxanthella population density at low light levels. Proliferous zooxanthella frequency (PZF, a measure of zooxanthella division) declined signi®cantly at light levels <18 3% PAR o. At the lowest levels of illumination (<5% PAR o), zooxanthella population density decreased, as did the PZF; chl a+c per 10 6 zooxanthellae was unchanged. In 28-d experiments, exterior coral branches from the upper surfaces of colonies from 3 m depth (65 4% PAR o) were incubated in aquaria under bright (80 to 90% PAR o), reduced (20 to 30% PAR o), and extremely low (2 to 4% PAR o) light intensities. At each light intensity, the corals were maintained in three feeding treatments: sea water (SW); ammonium enriched SW (SW + N); SW with Artemia salina nauplii (SW + A). An increase in P max of CO 2 per 10 3 polyps was found in corals acclimated to reduced light (20 to 30% PAR o) in nutrient-enriched SW, while in SW, where the increase in zooxanthella population density was smaller, it did not occur. Nutrient enrichments (SW + N at 2 to 4% PAR o and SW + A at 20 to 30% PAR o) increased zooxanthella population density, but had no eect on chl a+c per 10 6 zooxanthellae. Acclimation for 14 d to reduced (10 to 20% PAR o) and extremely low (1 to 3% PAR o) light intensities shifted 14 C photoassimilation into glycerol and other compounds (probably glycerides), rather than sugars. Both ammonium addition and feeding with Artemia salina nauplii resulted in an increase in photosynthetic assimilation of 14 C into amino acids. We conclude that acclimation to reduced light consists of two processes: an increase in photosynthetic pigments and in zooxanthella population density. Both processes require nitrogen, the increase in zooxanthella population density needing more; this adaptation is therefore limited in nitrogen-poor sea water.
Complex Biological Systems
Complex Biological Systems
Complex Biological Systems
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
Complex Biological Systems, 2018
The book presents the concepts and hypotheses of the authors on the critical problems of closed a... more The book presents the concepts and hypotheses of the authors on the critical problems of closed and semi-closed biological systems, some of the mecha-nisms of plants adaptation to normal and extreme conditions, and the role of photosynthesis and other physiological processes in the plant activity. The book can be used by specialists in ecology, plant physiology, botany, biochemistry, agronomy, genetics, and other areas of biology, students of biological faculty, and all who are concerned about the present and future of our Planet.
Photosynthetica, 2015
The review is devoted to the outstanding contributions to the path of carbon in photosynthesis by... more The review is devoted to the outstanding contributions to the path of carbon in photosynthesis by Professor Emeritus Andrew A. Benson, on the occasion of his death at the age of 97, on January 16, 2015. Benson is the legendary codiscoverer of the photosynthetic reductive pentose phosphate cycle, known to every student of photosynthesis as the Benson-Bassham-Calvin cycle. This pathway evolved into the dominant assimilation mechanism for atmospheric carbon into metabolites. The fundamental ecological and biochemical optimization and evolutionary stability of this mechanism unfolded elegantly in Benson's hands, as he was the first to recognize the building blocks for the synthesis of essential organic compounds that satisfy the energetic needs and demands of most life forms. Photosynthetic carbon metabolism together with other energy and oxidative reactions and secondary biosynthetic processes are critical for the formation of organic matter; and, thereby, the Benson-Bassham-Calvin cycle ensures maintenance of the biosphere.
Biofizika
The damaging effect of oxidative stress inductors: methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, cumene hydro... more The damaging effect of oxidative stress inductors: methyl viologen, benzyl viologen, cumene hydroperoxide, H2O2, menadion, and high irradiance on the photosynthetic apparatus of cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 in cells of the wild type strain and the methyl viologen-resistant Prq20 mutant with the disrupted function of the regulatory gene prqR has been investigated by measuring the delayed fluorescence of chlorophyll a and the rate of CO2dependent -O2 gas exchange. It has been shown that the damage to the photosynthetic apparatus in the Prq20 mutant as compared with the wild type was less in the presence of methyl viologen and benzyl viologen. Reasons for the enhanced resistance of the photosynthetic apparatus in the mutant Prq20 to methyl viologen and benzyl viologen are discussed.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies, 2010
Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. “Rudzik”) seeds were soaked in aqueous 10 -6 М 4-hydroxyphenethyl ... more Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv. “Rudzik”) seeds were soaked in aqueous 10 -6 М 4-hydroxyphenethyl alcohol (4-HPEA) to estimate its influence on seed germination, growth of seedlings, and their adaptive potential under soil flooding conditions. The adaptive potential of the plants was estimated by the concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs) and the activity of guaiacol-dependent peroxidase (GPX). It was shown that the 4-HPEA had a stimulatory action on seed germination, shoot and root growth, and biomass production, expressed to a greater extent in the early stage of plant development. Pre-sowing soaking of barley seeds in aqueous 4-HPEA solution increased plant tolerance to the effect of soil flooding, too.
Journal of Plant Physiology, 2017
The ultrastructure of mesophyll cells was studied in leaves of the Triticum aestivum L. cv. "Triz... more The ultrastructure of mesophyll cells was studied in leaves of the Triticum aestivum L. cv. "Trizo" seedlings after two weeks of growth on soil contaminated by Pb and/or Se. The soil treatments: control; (Pb1) 50 mg kg −1 ; (Pb2) 100 mg kg −1 ; (Se1) 0.4 mg kg −1 ; (Se2) 0.8 mg kg −1 ; (Pb1 + Se1); (Pb1 + Se2); (P2 + Se1); and (Pb2 + Se2) were used. Light and other conditions were optimal for plant growth. The (Se1)-plants showed enhanced growth and biomass production; (Pb1 + Se1)-plants did not lag behind the controls, though O 2 evolution decreased; chlorophyll content did not differ statistically in these treatments. Other treatments led to statistically significant growth suppression, chlorophyll content reduction, inhibition of photosynthesis, stress development tested by H 2 O 2 and leaf etiolation at the end of 14-days experiment. The tops of etiolated leaves remained green, while the main leaf parts were visually white. Plastids in mesophyll cells of etiolated parts of leaves were mainly represented by etioplasts and an insignificant amount of degraded chloroplasts. Other cellular organelles remained intact in most mesophyll cells of the plants, except (Pb2 + Se2)-plants. Ruptured tonoplast and etioplast envelope, swelled cytoplasm and mitochondria, and electron transparent matrix of gialoplasm were observed in the mesophyll cells at (Pb2 + Se2)-treatment, that caused maximal inhibition of plant growth. The results indicate that Pb and Se effects on growth of wheat leaves are likely to target meristem in which the development of proplastids to chloroplasts under the light is determined by chlorophyll biosynthesis. Antagonistic effect of low concentration of Se and Pb in combination may retard etiolation process.
International Agrophysics, 2016
Fluctuation of the summer day-time temperatures in the mid-latitudes in a range from 16 to 30°C s... more Fluctuation of the summer day-time temperatures in the mid-latitudes in a range from 16 to 30°C should not have irreversible negative effects on plants, but may influence metabolic processes including the oxidative stress. To test the effect of moderately high temperature on oxidative stress induced by lead in the leaves of Plantago major L.; the plants were incubated in a water solution of 0, 150, 450, and 900 μM Pb (NO3)2 at 20 and 28°C. Plant reactions were evaluated by the content of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and ascorbate peroxidase and glutathione reductase activities in leaves after 2, 24, 48, and 72 h. The Pb concentration in the leaves rose with the increase in the Pb content and was higher at 20°C. The increase in stomatal resistance caused by Pb was higher at 28°C. The contents of TBARS increased after 2 h of plant exposure to Pb and the increase was the highest at 900 μM Pb, 28°C. The AsP activity increased up to 50% after 24 h of Pb-treatment at 28°C; the ...