ISMA ISMA - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by ISMA ISMA

Nowadays tourism rightfully can be called the most promising business in the world in general, an... more Nowadays tourism rightfully can be called the most promising business in the world in general, and in Ukraine. Tourism important social and political phenomenon. The tourism industry can safely be called one of the most important components of the global economy. In Ukraine, the hotel business, one of the most promising and successful businesses. Also, the Ukrainian hotel business is very lucrative sector for investment. Tourism is the most important part of the global economy, nowadays. Hospitality Industry headed by its hoteliers seeking to improve living conditions and services. For every person who travels to another city or country, it is important to feel the comforts as at home. This is the goal of hoteliers. Ukrainian tourism industry is no exception and also developing rapidly from year to year. This article were analyzed the situation at the Ukrainian market of hotel services, its macro-and microenvironment. The article reflects the pressing problems of development tourism industry in Ukraine. In the present article displayed overall Ukrainian tourist market and analyzes the main problems.

Annotation The article provides the analysis of the situation, prospects and opportunities for th... more Annotation The article provides the analysis of the situation, prospects and opportunities for the development of the accessible tourism market segment of the Latvian tourism market (Accessible Tourism for All), as well as identifies the main barriers to obtaining access to tourist services by all people, including persons with special access needs, disabilities, seniors and those travelling with children. The article reveals the study of the experience of some countries in ensuring accessibility and arrangement of barrier-free environment, provides some conclusions and suggestions about the conduct of certain activities that promote barrier-free environment and the positioning of Latvia in the international market of Accessible tourism, as well as the financial evaluation of the contribution of Accessible tourism in the tourism industry of the economy.

Although much of the discussion on the permanent process of innovation focuses on new products an... more Although much of the discussion on the permanent process of innovation focuses on new products and technologies, all innovation is based on challenging existing assumptions and ways of thinking, in particular, it is argued, as a result of education and training. This paper argues that one option for developing the new ways of thinking in the management of innovation in tourism is the use of complicated and miscellaneous tourism educational program models. The analysis of tourism educational developmental history shows that being contemporary it is a new educational sphere. A special place is allocated to analyses of multidisciplinary and inter-disciplinary studies in higher education, development educational program models. At the end a suggestion is made to discuss the conceptual issues regarding coordination of the interests of students, employers and teaching staff in enhancing the quality of higher education in tourism. Material for the paper has been gathered through contacting experts in the field and conducting extensive literary reviews. Key words: development of tourism education, tourism educational program models, educational system, multidisciplinary and inter-disciplinary studies. Introduction Tourism is a continuously expanding industry with huge economic potential. The World Tourism Organization shows that from 1995 to 2005 tourism globally grew by 4.5%, an increase of over 36 million tourists 1. The tourism product is a composite one with its production, distribution and marketing being configured along a value chain involving many activities which are vertically, horizontally and diagonally related and integrated in varying degrees. In Europe, EU enlargement and diversifying regional economies have opened up new tourist destinations to add to this ever increasing market. Rapid development of tourism industry has involved large amounts of human resources. The number of people occupied in the HORECA sector grows faster than the total labour force. The tourism industry represents about 8.6 mln people employed with 24 mln. in the broad definition corresponding to around 4 and 12% respectively of the total EU labour force. In the period 2000 to 2004 in the 27 Member States of the enlarged Community the growth rate in the number of people occupied in the HORECA sector was on average significantly higher then the growth rate of total employment 2. Latvian tourism is a micro and SME-dominated sector, with over 99% of firms employing fewer than 250 individuals 3. High standards for education and professional qualification are vitally important element. This element is necessary in order to satisfy completely the high demands, wishes and needs of today's tourists. Only in such a way further rapid development of separate enterprises, as well as of the entire sphere is possible. Alongside with the changes in the tourism sphere greater changes are needed in the field of tourism education. The analysis of the qualitative personnel, employed in tourism and other spheres related to it, shows that in many cases the employees are from other spheres-without education or qualification in the sphere of tourism. The leading criterion for the choice of such personnel is the low price, on the one hand, but on the other hand, the quality of such service is a problem. Today it is the most essential factor for the competitiveness of companies. So far, many questions arise for those who train the specialists for a tourism and chains involving many activities. Therefore, within the dynamic approach to innovation in tourism industry, great changes in the tourism educational end training are expected. The problem of the day-clearly anticipate the "real needs" of specialists in the modern tourism industry; which kind of scientific courses and practice we should teach and train;, which initiatives and winning strategies need to be emphasized and any additional questions-how to create a studying-field of the tourism industry.

In the varying business environment - dynamic and sometimes not determined, the competitive advan... more In the varying business environment - dynamic and sometimes not determined, the competitive advantage of economic subject is crucial. The more and more often discussed in the public is the theme of the added value that brings intellectual capital. And since in this vast area, despite the admirable developments, there are still gaps, our scientific searches are focused on opportunities to effectively manage this capital through the applicability of a complex management system. Thus, the aim of our research is the creation of an adequate system for effective management of the intellectual capital in a dynamic business
environment.

In this article problems of development of innovative activity in Latvia are considered. The main... more In this article problems of development of innovative activity in Latvia are considered. The main emphasis will be made on the main directions of creation of an institutional basis for the innovative capacity of Latvia, definition of a role of the state as organizer, the catalyst, and partner of these interactions. Strengthening of this role has to help reduce the existing significant gap between entrepreneurial and research spheres. The economic basis of the society which is based on knowledge is made by national innovative system. Therefore for further development of economy of Latvia in innovative system effective relationship between science, production and society has to be adjusted. Innovations must form a basis of development of economy and society, and requirements of innovative development, in turn, in many respects must define and stimulate the most important directions of development of scientific activity in Latvia. The mechanisms allowing adjusting large-scale processes of effective interaction of science, productions and society in general in Latvia are absent today as there is no institutional basis for significant motivation of economic agents in production to innovations, and in the research sphere-to the applied activity focused on creation of innovative potential for the country. The European Commission's Innovation Union Scoreboard 2015 reveals that the EU's overall level of innovation has remained stable. However, the crisis has left an impact on the private sector's innovative activity: the number of innovative firms is in decline, as are venture capital investment, SMEs' innovations, patent applications, exports of high-tech products and sales of innovative products. While there have been improvements in human resources, business investments in research and development and the quality of science, these are not enough to result in a stronger innovation performance. Therefore, the effective role of the state in this area in many respects depends on the solution of the following tasks: 1. Creation of incentives to innovations for the enterprises. To achieve this competitive environment must be created. 2. Organization of the process of the knowledge production for which reason more adequate system of salary payment to scientists depending on quality of the scientific result received by them has to be created. 3. Formation of infrastructure of innovative interaction between science, business and state. First of all, development of institutional instruments of this interaction is required. 4. Support of a transfer of technologies which requires setting of an accurate and purposeful regulation of the corresponding procedures and mutual financial settlements. 5. Creation of motivation and infrastructure for emergence of effective relationship in research and development between the private sector (production) and the public scientific and technical sector. It is the most important task for ensuring technological development of the country in the long term.

The authors felt it necessary to update the discussion, which is associated with higher education... more The authors felt it necessary to update the discussion, which is associated with higher education, as one of the forms, which operates under free market conditions, and the relationship that is established between the higher education institutions and the students. Higher Education Institutions is a "service provider", but the student recipient of the service-"consumer". Both the Latvian and international higher education area is very different and there are conflicting views on the issue. Consequently, the authors wanted to analyze the current situation in Latvia, look at the legal framework relating to the above problem and to provide their views.

Relevance of the article is due to the dynamic processes of the formation of a global innovation ... more Relevance of the article is due to the dynamic processes of the formation of a global innovation space (GIS), which links the intellectual activity of the countries of the world into a single system and expands the possibilities for international cooperation. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends in the formation of the GIS and to determine, on this basis, key areas for the effective entry into it of each country. In the article used the methodology of comparative analysis and assessment of the dynamics of key indicators of innovation activity of the leading countries of the world (2007-2017). Results: the main trends in the development of the GIS were revealed; the directions of effective participation of each country in the ISU are substantiated taking into account the requirements of world ratings, intensification of competition for achievement of leadership positions at the global level.

The formation of knowledge economy issues of leadership is being actualized in today’s global env... more The formation of knowledge economy issues of leadership is being actualized in today’s global environment under the influence of globalization. An important aspect is the provision of subjects of various levels of intellectual leadership, which means achieving a high position in the competition due to high quality and intensity of the implementa- tion of intellectual resources. The purpose is to justify methodological approaches to the assessment of intellectual leadership and to analyze its manifestation at the level of intellectual resources. The object is the processes of competition and achievement of intellectual leadership of countries in the global environment. The methodical ap- proaches to the evaluation of intellectual leadership of different subjects at three levels (resources, results, outcomes) are offered. The intellectual leadership of countries at the level of resources is empirically analyzed by using the methods of comparative, system- structured, quantitative and qualitative analysis.
By the level of intellectual leadership of the first order (accumulated intellectual resources), 32 countries have been identified as leaders, including highly developed countries and emerging active players. The unconditional leaders are the United States and China, whose relative figures are lower due to the large GDP and the population. Norway and Sweden have the highest presence in all TOP lists (6 indicators), in the second place – Finland and Switzerland (5 indicators), Australia, Brazil, New Zealand at all share the third position (4 indicators). Developed countries are predominantly leaders in terms of the formation of intellectual leadership. Outsider countries get on the list of leaders by individual indicators.

One of the most actively developing spheres of applying modern information technologies is transp... more One of the most actively developing spheres of applying modern information technologies is transport. Divisions of different services, departments and organisations are actively introducing and employing the system of Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL). The information systems of Automatic Vehicle Location solve the task of controlling and guiding transport means. Employing modern telecommunication technologies along with satellite navigation systems (SNS) facilitates and improves controlling of the mobile objects (MO). Modelling of the work and analysis of these systems' efficiency indicators sufficiently reduces the periods and costs of their testing and introducing in a particular region.

The methods for evaluating the system effectiveness of a user behavior profile are considered. Fo... more The methods for evaluating the system effectiveness of a user behavior profile are considered. For a class of users united by the same role in an information system, we consider the problem of transition from the general to the personal user behavior adaptive profile. It is formally shown that the profile, taking into account all the peculiarities of the behavior of a particular person, effectively detects anomalous behavior. Experiments performed to identify the characteristics of the profile that are important for use in real applications are additionally realized.

Verhulst equation in differential and discrete form is very important in different fields of mate... more Verhulst equation in differential and discrete form is very important in different fields of material science, sociology and economics. Methodological aspects of teaching, when both models are presented for solving advanced tasks, are considered. Solutions presented in graphical and numerical forms are discussed in the framework of attractors.

COMPUTER MODELLING & NEW TECHNOLOGIES 20(4) 7-17, 2016

Our research pursues two important directions of real-time control nanosystems addressed to ecolo... more Our research pursues two important directions of real-time control nanosystems addressed to ecological monitoring and medical applications. We develop physical nanosensors (pressure and temperature) based on functionalized CNTs and GNRs nanostructures. The model of nanocomposite materials based on carbon nanoсluster suspension in dielectric polymer environments (epoxy resins) is regarded as a disordered system of fragments of nanocarbon inclusions with different morphologies. Using the effective media cluster approach, disordered systems theory and conductivity mechanisms analysis we have formulated the approach of conductivity calculations for carbon-based polymer nanocomposites and obtained the calibration dependences. We also develop bio-nanosensors based on polymer nanotracks with various enzymes, which provide the corresponding biocatalytic reactions and give reliably controlled ion currents. Particularly, we describe a glucose biosensor based on the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx) covalently linked to nanopores of etched nuclear track membranes. Using simulation of chemical kinetics glucose oxidation with GOx, we have obtained theoretical calibration dependences. Our objective is to demonstrate the implementation of advanced simulation models providing a proper description of electric responses in nanosensoring systems suitable for real time control nanosystems. Comparisons with experimental calibration dependences are discussed. Prospective ways of developing the proposed physical and bio-nanosensor models and prototypes are considered.

A system for regulating the temperature of the automated self-service center storage unit using T... more A system for regulating the temperature of the automated self-service center storage unit using Thermoelectric Cooler on the base of the Peltier effect is proposed in this work. A dynamic feedback model of the temperature modes control has been developed. Computer modelling has been performed, the scenarios simulating realistic exploitation of the automatic self-service centre has been created taking into account weather conditions, heat losses, energy consumption levels. Boundary parameters of the model's key parameters has been defined, discreteness of their tasks, sensitivity if the system depending on the velocity of the external parameters changes has been defined.

Apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an important role in many physiological states and disea... more Apoptosis or programmed cell death plays an important role in many physiological states and diseases. Detection of apoptotic cells, tracing the development of apoptosis, drug development and regulation of apoptosis are an important parts of basic research in medicine. A large number of models have been developed that are based on the differential equations of the chemical ki-netics, and can be expressed in a uniform notation using some XML-based languages , such as SBML and CellML. We describe the CellML and the simulation environment OpenCell herein. These tools can display models schematically and output results in the form of graphs showing time dependencies of component concentrations. However, at the present time we do not have a software that could represent the results of the modelling in a form of animations as well as in the form of 3-D models. Using descriptive as well as quantitative models we discuss approaches to visualize the biological processes described by the apoptosis models. The quantitative method was implemented using a 3-D visu-alization of the molecular biological processes modelled by chemical kinetic equations. The quantitative parameters in our visualization scheme are determined based on the kinetic equations governing the participating components, so our visualization is not only qualitative but also quantitative. To implement this visualization, the C# software and a database of 3-D forms that model molecular complexes are developed. We present 3-D visualization of the molecular processes described in the mathematical model for the mitochondria-dependent apoptosis proposed by Bagci et al. [22] as a case study.

In the last decade we had developed new types of biosensors, by cladding the inner walls of trans... more In the last decade we had developed new types of biosensors, by cladding the inner walls of transparent etched swift heavy ion tracks in thin polymer foils with enzymes. The enzymatic reaction products of appropriate analytes penetrating into narrow tracks are enriched in the track's confinement, and they change the electrical track properties if their charge states differ from those of the analytes. It was yet unknown how to design these sensors so that their best efficiency and highest possible sensitivity is achieved. This requires the accurate knowledge of the optimum track radius and the degree of product enrichment within the tracks. These questions were answered by appropriate experiments described here. The above studies restricted to transparent tracks only. After it became evident that also thin membranes can be formed within such tracks-thus separating transparent tracks into two adjacent semi-transparent segments each-we were curious in how far such structures might also become useful as sensors. In fact, two promising approaches emerged, one that uses these structures as polarization-induced capacitive biosensors, and another one that considers the semitransparent track segments as neighboring "electrostatic bottles" which can be discharged by pulse-wise product emission. Preliminary results indicate that the latter sensor type is superior in its performance to all other ones.

Visualization of the results of the ab initio calculations is important for the analysis of these... more Visualization of the results of the ab initio calculations is important for the analysis of these results. It improves the quality of the analysis by supplementing the plain numbers received as the output of the calculations with various graphical images and facilitates the analysis of the results. In addition to that visualization helps avoiding some mistakes or inconsistencies. Various tools have been used in this work to construct the unit cell models of the calculated lattices, to check and analyze the calculated lattice structure before and after the relaxation, to plot total and difference electron charge density maps. Keywords: Visualization of the ab initio calculations Á Model Crystalline lattice Á Total and difference electron charge density map

Pressing challenges of recent decades, associated with agents that are aggressive towards humans-... more Pressing challenges of recent decades, associated with agents that are aggressive towards humans-substances and radiation of chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) agents-require scientific and technological responses. These responses lie in the areas of agent detection and protection from them. The mentioned bio destructive agents can be divided into 2 groups: (1) chemical and biochemical, and (2) radiative (leading to chemical destruction of biomass). In this study, we consider models of universal track nanosensors that are capable of producing a correlated electrical response to the flow of active agents. Y. Shunin ()

Economics&Education 05(02), 2020

The article examines the essence of the concept of "trust asset management" in the banking system... more The article examines the essence of the concept of "trust asset management" in the
banking system. The article examines the essence of the concept of "trust management"
in the banking system. Various approaches to defining the essence of trust management
in scientific and business literature are systematized, various nuances of its legal and
economic interpretation are presented. The subjects and objects of trust management,
the system of relationships between the main subjects are named and disclosed. The
regulatory framework for the practice of trust management has its own characteristics
at the national and international levels. The common couples and differences of
different models of organization of trust activity are highlighted. The main approaches
to the classification of trusts, the main types of trusts are revealed and their features
are determined. The forms of trust management are very diverse and can differ in
the purposes of creating trusts, methods of creation, depending on the role of the
owner and trustee, depending on the financial instruments used. The purposes of the
use of trust management, as well as certain risks of using the control system (legal
uncertainty, presence of risk, imperfection of state regulation, etc.) are characterized.
In world practice, this service is constantly developing and is increasingly becoming an
important integral part of banking in different countries and regions.

Economics&Education 03(01), 2019

The aim of the abstract is to formulate favourable conditions and possibilities for development o... more The aim of the abstract is to formulate favourable conditions and possibilities for development of ecotourism in Uzbekistan. Statistical data on the level of sustainable development of ecotourism in country is given. The authors make a comparative analysis of ecotourism in both the countries which are considered to be the leaders in this sphere, as well as in the emerging countries such as Uzbekistan. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to promote ecotourism as an important factor in sustainable development and environmental protection. In this article the recent status of ecotourism development and analyses of current economic overview in Uzbekistan are highlighted. As a Silk Road destination, Uzbekistan is underlined as one of the major tourist targets for developing and it has undergone many alters over a short historical period in terms of economic, environmental and social changes in ecotourism industry. On that basis, this work demonstrates the overall internal and external economic perspectives of Uzbekistan. This framework is experienced tests by means of a study to demonstrate the strength of the touristic destination of many historical and ecological touristic sites, which reflect the competitive reality of the United Nations World Heritage Tourism destination in Uzbekistan. The results serve to state out major trends and gaps, which focus on further research on this topic globally, and also, they might be useful in diversifying interventions to alleviate the impacts in ecotourism development. As the result of the research, scientific and practically significant recommendations have also been developed.

Economics&Education 03(01), 2019

The article discusses characteristics of business and leisure tourism and considers the component... more The article discusses characteristics of business and leisure tourism and considers the components of MICE industry. Statistical data on the level of development of MICE tourism globally are being presented. The authors make a comparative analysis of MICE tourism in both the countries which are considered to be the leaders in this sphere, as well as in the emerging countries such as Uzbekistan. The relevance of this study is determined by the need to promote and develop MICE sector worldwide. The perspectives of the development of MICE tourism in Uzbekistan are presented on the example of Silk Road Destinations.

COMPUTER MODELLING & NEW TECHNOLOGIES 20(4) 7-17, 2016

Economics&Education 05(02), 2020

Economics&Education 03(01), 2019