najme Shahinfard - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by najme Shahinfard

European Psychiatry, 2011

Background and aimMedical plants have been used for centuries as a medicinal agent in treatment o... more Background and aimMedical plants have been used for centuries as a medicinal agent in treatment of depression and anxiety. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of the lavendula officinalis on depression in patients using citalopram.MethodsThis clinical trial study was performed in Hajar hospital, Shahrekord, Iran. In this study eighty patients randomly allocated into two groups (40 patients in each group). Patients who complained from depression were studied during a two-month double-blind study. In control group, patients were given 20 mg citalopram twice daily plus placebo and case group were treated with 5 g arial part of dried Lavendula officinalis and citaloperam (20 mg, twice per day). After 4 and 8 weeks, patients were followed for evaluations of their depression and complications. Depression severity was scored using standard Hamilton’s depression questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Chi square and Paired-t test.ResultsAfter 1 month treatment, mean depress...

European journal of ageing, 2013

Britain's oldest birth cohort study, the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD)... more Britain's oldest birth cohort study, the MRC National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD) provides data to explore life time influences on ageing. The latest data collection was undertaken between 2006 and 2011 when study members were aged 60-64 and consisted of postal and pre-assessment questionnaires to eligible study members, followed by invitation to attend one of six clinical research facilities (CRFs) across the UK for clinical assessments, and dietary diaries and activity monitors in the days following the CRF visit. The option of a home visit for clinical assessments was provided if the study member refused or was unable to attend the CRF. We examined response and attrition, here describing rates overall and for postal and clinical assessment modes of data collection, identifying socioeconomic and health-related predictors of response, and assessing the continued representativeness of the sample. In total, 2,661 (84 % of the target sample) responded. Lower educationa...

Indian Pediatrics, 2011

Multiple studies have been conducted to demonstrate the role of viruses in causing biliary atresi... more Multiple studies have been conducted to demonstrate the role of viruses in causing biliary atresia. Although cytomegalovirus (CMV) is known to cause intrahepatic bile duct destruction, its role in biliary atresia is not proven. We report two cases of CMV infection, initially presenting with intrahepatic cholestasis, who subsequently developed biliary atresia.

Paediatrics and International Child Health, 2012

Abdominal tuberculosis in children usually presents with involvement of the peritoneum, lymph nod... more Abdominal tuberculosis in children usually presents with involvement of the peritoneum, lymph nodes or gastro-intestinal tract. Disease of the gastro-intestinal tract is commonest in the ileocaecal region. A 10-year-old girl presented with abdominal pain and fever of 15 days duration. Abdominal CT detected dilated small bowel loops with enlarged mesenteric nodes and barium meal follow-through demonstrated a small annular stricture in the jejunum, suggestive of jejunal tuberculosis. She was treated with anti-tuberculous chemotherapy and corticosteroids, to which she made a good response. Tuberculosis of the jejunum is rare in children.

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, 2014

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare acute hyperinflammatory condition presenting w... more Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare acute hyperinflammatory condition presenting with high fever, pancytopenia, splenomegaly with the pathologic finding of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in bone marrow and other tissues. Predominant hepatic manifestations at presentation are rare. We report a series of three cases which showcase the spectrum of liver disease as presentation in hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

International journal of sports physiology and performance, 2014

This investigation aimed to ascertain a detailed physiological profile of recovery from intermitt... more This investigation aimed to ascertain a detailed physiological profile of recovery from intermittent-sprint exercise of athletes familiar with the exercise and to investigate if athletes receive a protective effect on markers of exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), inflammation, and oxidative stress after a repeated exposure to an identical bout of intermittent-sprint exercise. Eight well-trained male team-sport athletes of National League or English University Premier Division standard (mean ± SD age 23 ± 3 y, VO2max 54.8 ± 4.6 mL ·kg-1 · min-1) completed the Loughborough Intermittent Shuttle Test (LIST) on 2 occasions, separated by 14 d. Maximal isometric voluntary contraction (MIVC), countermovement jump (CMJ), creatine kinase (CK), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), F2-isoprostanes, and muscle soreness (DOMS) were measured before and up to 72 h after the initial and repeated LISTs. MIVC, CMJ, CK, IL-6, and DOMS all showed main effects for time (P < .05) after t...

2009 11th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom), 2009

Abstract This paper provides an overview of the new Secure Web Interface for the Medical Researc... more Abstract This paper provides an overview of the new Secure Web Interface for the Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development (NSHD), which is a web-based data and metadata access system for the longest-running longitudinal study ...

Steinberg/High-Throughput, 2013

ABSTRACT The field of toxicology is in transition from one based on an in vivo, chemical-by-chemi... more ABSTRACT The field of toxicology is in transition from one based on an in vivo, chemical-by-chemical approach to one utilizing tools of modern molecular, cellular, and systems biology, providing the opportunity for greatly increased testing efficiency and improved modeling capabilities. Such an increase in testing efficiency is necessary to address the lack of toxicity information on the large chemical inventories that present potential human and environmental exposure scenarios, as well as to provide sufficient coverage of chemical and biological space to enable effective modeling of toxicity. Utilizing high-throughput screening methods developed in the drug discovery community, this in vitro-based approach focuses on the mechanisms of chemico-biological interactions by using large chemical libraries to probe key molecular targets and signaling pathways. Computational toxicology has emerged as a critical component in handling the large and complex datasets required for developing and validating this approach. Insight into these interactions will greatly enhance our understanding of the molecular and biological basis of toxicity and result in greater confidence in extrapolations, as well as factors critical to risk assessment such as significant susceptibility factors, subpopulations at risk, and influences on the shape of the dose–response curve.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2012

The mode of action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) i... more The mode of action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is mainly by potentiating neuronal transmission. Animal studies have also consistently described a role for AChEIs in enhancement of antioxidants and attenuation of oxidative stress. The influence of AChEIs on blood antioxidants in AD patients has not been established before. Furthermore, AChEI treatment, or lack of it, may have contributed to the inconsistent antioxidant data reported by other studies so far. Here we sought to investigate the potential modulation effect of AChEIs on blood antioxidants in AD patients. Catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities were analyzed in 25 drug naïve patients (Group A), 43 patients receiving AChEIs (Group B) and 34 cognitively unimpaired controls (Group C). A statistically significant difference for CAT and GR was observed between the two AD groups (A and B) when compared to the control group C (KW-H = 36.530, p < 0.001; post hoc t...

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine, 2012

CD4 counts are a standard laboratory measure of disease progression in HIV-infected children. How... more CD4 counts are a standard laboratory measure of disease progression in HIV-infected children. However, CD4 counting is done by flow cytometry and may not always be possible in every centre treating HIV-infected children in resource-limited countries. Absolute Lymphocyte Count (ALC) can be derived easily by performing a routine white blood cell count. The World Health Organization (WHO) in 2006 had recommended ALC to identify HIV-infected children in need of ART in resource-limited settings, when CD4 cell count is not available. This study aims to assess the reliability of using ALC as a marker for starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected children in a tertiary hospital setting. Retrospective analysis of 46 HIV-infected children who presented at a pediatric HIV clinic at a tertiary referral centre from 2002-2005. Using WHO 2006 guidelines for cutoff values of ALC and 2008 guidelines for CD4% as a comparative standard, a retrospective analysis was done on ART-naοve HIV-infected children who underwent baseline CD4% and ALC, and sensitivity and specificity of ALC was calculated. Fischer exact two-tailed analysis was used to correlate ALC and CD4 and need for starting ART. Sensitivity of ALC was 27.6% (72.4% were false negatives), specificity was 70.6%, with positive predictive value of 61.5%. On comparison across all clinical stages of disease, only 13/46 children (28.2%) would have been started on ART according to ALC cutoffs versus 29/46 children (63.04%) using CD4 criteria (P value=0.0015). In children with WHO clinical Stage 1 or 2 of disease, only 1/11 (9.1%) children were identified by ALC as requiring ART as opposed to 6/11 (54.5%) children by CD4% (P=0.0635). ALC is an unreliable marker to determine the need for starting ART in HIV-infected children.

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology, 2012

Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has rarely been reported from children in India. Their ... more Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has rarely been reported from children in India. Their response to therapy is also not known. We present four HIV-negative children with MDR-TB (3 children with extra-pulmonary TB and 1 child with pulmonary TB) who presented in 2003-2005. All the four children were already on antituberculous therapy (ATT) for 3-9 months prior to being detected as MDR-TB. These patients were started on second-line ATT for 18 months. In three patients, there was complete resolution, and one patient with severe bilateral pulmonary TB had the disease localized to one lung after 18 months of therapy.

HIV Medicine, 2007

The prevalence of HIV infection in children in India is not known. In this study, a total of 270 ... more The prevalence of HIV infection in children in India is not known. In this study, a total of 270 children admitted to paediatric wards in Mumbai were screened for HIV infection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eight patients (2.96%) had a positive HIV ELISA. Of these two patients (25%) were less than 15 months of old and hence HIV infection in them could not be confirmed. The prevalence of HIV was 2.3%. Three out of 11 patients with tuberculosis (27.3%) and four out of 15 patients with nutritional anaemia (26.7%) had HIV infection (P<0.0001 in each case). Vertical transmission was the cause in all children, suggesting that implementation of Prevention of Parent to Child Transmission of HIV (PPTCT) is required to reduce the rate of paediatric HIV infection.

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2007

Objective To determine whether maternal serum levels of alphafetoprotein (a-FP) and human chorion... more Objective To determine whether maternal serum levels of alphafetoprotein (a-FP) and human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) at 15-21 weeks provided clinically useful prediction of stillbirth in first pregnancies.

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, 2005

Objective To determine the risk of perinatal death among twins born at term in relation to mode o... more Objective To determine the risk of perinatal death among twins born at term in relation to mode of delivery.

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 2010

A 6-year-old boy presented with a 1-month history of fever followed by abdominal distension, cons... more A 6-year-old boy presented with a 1-month history of fever followed by abdominal distension, constipation and bilious vomiting for 2 days. The clinical impression was of intestinal obstruction. At exploratory laparotomy, there was an ileal perforation secondary to tuberculosis. There are many case reports of tubercular ileal perforation in adults but in children it is very rare.

Abstract: Current world economy crises could be prevented by increasing public financial literacy... more Abstract: Current world economy crises could be prevented by increasing public financial literacy. Moreover, entrepreneurs are considered economic engines of each society and the success rate of entrepreneurs could be improved by increasing financial literacy of ...

The design of multidimensional filter banks and wavelets have been areas of active research for u... more The design of multidimensional filter banks and wavelets have been areas of active research for use in video and image communication systems. At the same time efficient structures for the implementation of such filters are of importance. In 1-D, the well known lattice structure and the recently introduced ladder structure are attractive. However, their extensions to higher dimensions (m-D) have been limited. In this paper we reintroduce the ladder structure, with the purpose of transforming the structure into m-D using the McClellan transform.

Proceedings of the …, 1995

We describe herein benchmark studies aimed at advancing the state-of-the-art in automated face re... more We describe herein benchmark studies aimed at advancing the state-of-the-art in automated face recognition. We address three complementary problems: (A) development of a representative data base set of facial images to train, test, and evaluate alternative face recognition ...