Ian Simon - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ian Simon

CBS | Department of Marketing and Department of Digitalization, 2019

The use of social media to promote tourism is evidently showing a significant and important role ... more The use of social media to promote tourism is evidently showing a significant and important role in the industry. Most research studies focus in the areas of social media marketing and its impact on tourism industry, without giving more emphases its negative effect on environmental preservation. The aim of this study is to assess the underlying issues associated with tourism and environmental preservation which are often overlooked. The purpose is to explore deeply the impact of social media marketing as platform use to promote tourism and its negative effect on environmental preservation.

Theoretical framework, 2017

It is more difficult to understand things than you thought at the beginning. "There is more to th... more It is more difficult to understand things than you thought at the beginning. "There is more to than meets the eye.", this idiomatic expression can best describe human perception. The author has develop a theory to justify his claims, both logical and philosophical approach to support his hypothetical arguments that, "Reason always comes in pairs". There can't be just one reason for an action, as there are always one or more reasons to justify the first. These analytical expositions could help explain this theory 'there are one or more reason to make the first one justifiable.' that is more realistic or relatable terms. Examples: You want to have a glass of water.

The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 2011

The transition from bench science to science policy is not always a smooth one, and my journey st... more The transition from bench science to science policy is not always a smooth one, and my journey stretched as far as the unemployment line to the hallowed halls of the U.S. Capitol. While earning my doctorate in microbiology, I found myself more interested in my political activities than my experiments. Thus, my science policy career aspirations were born from merging my love of science with my interest in policy and politics. After receiving my doctorate, I accepted the Henry Luce Scholarship, which allowed me to live in South Korea for 1 year and delve into the field of science policy research. This introduction into science policy occurred at the South Korean think tank called the Science and Technology Policy Institute (STEPI). During that year, I used textbooks, colleagues, and hands-on research projects as my educational introduction into the social science of science and technology decision-making. However, upon returning to the United States during one of the worst job markets...

Journal of Virology, Feb 1, 2010

Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been shown in laboratory studies to be effective against a v... more Vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) has been shown in laboratory studies to be effective against a variety of tumors, including malignant brain tumors. However, attenuation of VSV may be necessary to balance the potential toxicity toward normal cells, particularly when targeting brain tumors. Here we compared 10 recombinant VSV variants resulting from different attenuation strategies. Attenuations included gene shifting (VSV-p1-GFP/RFP), M protein mutation (VSV-M51), G protein cytoplasmic tail truncations (VSV-CT1/CT9), G protein deletions (VSV-dG-GFP/RFP), and combinations thereof (VSV-CT9-M51). Using in vitro viability and replication assays, the VSV variants were grouped into three categories, based on their antitumor activity and non-tumor-cell attenuation. In the first group, wild-type-based VSV-G/GFP, tumor-adapted VSV-rp30, and VSV-CT9 showed a strong antitumor profile but also retained some toxicity toward noncancer control cells. The second group, VSV-CT1, VSV-dG-GFP, and VSV-dG-RFP, had significantly diminished toxicity toward normal cells but showed little oncolytic action. The third group displayed a desired combination of diminished general toxicity and effective antitumor action; this group included VSV-M51, VSV-CT9-M51, VSV-p1-GFP, and VSV-p1-RFP. A member of the last group, VSV-p1-GFP, was then compared in vivo against wild-type-based VSV-G/GFP. Intranasal inoculation of young, postnatal day 16 mice with VSV-p1-GFP showed no adverse neurological effects, whereas VSV-G/GFP was associated with high lethality (80%). Using an intracranial tumor xenograft model, we further demonstrated that attenuated VSV-p1-GFP targets and kills human U87 glioblastoma cells after systemic application. We concluded that some, but not all, attenuated VSV mutants display a favorable oncolytic profile and merit further investigation.

... discussions. I thank Dan Morris and Sumit Basu for providing me a fun (research) diversion fr... more ... discussions. I thank Dan Morris and Sumit Basu for providing me a fun (research) diversion from this work. I thank Axé Capoeira Seattle, Ivan Salaverry MMA, and Rewind for providing me fun (non-research) diversions from this work. I ...

Proceedings Cvpr Ieee Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Ieee Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Jun 17, 2007

We describe a method for fully automatic object recognition and segmentation using a set of refer... more We describe a method for fully automatic object recognition and segmentation using a set of reference images to specify the appearance of each object. Our method uses a generative model of image formation that takes into account occlusions, simple lighting changes, and object deformations. We take advantage of local features to identify, locate, and extract multiple objects in the presence of large viewpoint changes, nonrigid motions with large numbers of degrees of freedom, occlusions, and clutter. We simultaneously compute an object-level segmentation and a dense correspondence between the pixels of the appropriate reference images and the image to be segmented.

2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2007

Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '08, 2008

We introduce MySong, a system that automatically chooses chords to accompany a vocal melody. A us... more We introduce MySong, a system that automatically chooses chords to accompany a vocal melody. A user with no musical experience can create a song with instrumental accompaniment just by singing into a microphone, and can experiment with different styles and chord patterns using interactions designed to be intuitive to non-musicians.

Virology, 2008

Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an a... more Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine. Virology 340(2), 174-82.). Because it is difficult to obtain regulatory approval of vaccine based on live viruses, we constructed a replication-defective single-cycle VSV vector in which we replaced the VSV glycoprotein (G) gene with the SARS-CoV S gene. The virus was only able to infect cells when pseudotyped with the VSV G protein. We measured the effectiveness of immunization with the single-cycle vaccine in mice. We found that the vaccine given intramuscularly induced a neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV that was approximately ten-fold greater than that required for the protection from SARS-CoV infection, and significantly greater than that generated by the replication-competent vector expressing SARS-CoV S protein given by the same route. Our results, along with earlier studies showing potent induction of T-cell responses by single-cycle vectors, indicate that these vectors are excellent alternatives to live-attenuated VSV.

Vaccine, 2010

In a previously developed infant macaque model mimicking HIV infection by breast feeding, we demo... more In a previously developed infant macaque model mimicking HIV infection by breast feeding, we demonstrated that intramuscular immunization with recombinant poxvirus vaccines expressing simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) structural proteins provided partial protection against infection following oral inoculation with virulent SIV. In an attempt to further increase systemic but also local antiviral immune responses at the site of viral entry, we tested the immunogenicity of different orally administered, replicating vaccines. One group of newborn macaques received an oral prime immunization with a recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus expressing SIVmac239 gag, pol and env (VSV-SIVgpe), followed 2 weeks later by an intramuscular boost immunization with MVA-SIV. Another group received two immunizations with live-attenuated SIVmac1A11, administered each time both orally and intravenously. Control animals received mock immunizations or non-SIV VSV and MVA control vectors. Analysis of SIV-specific immune responses in blood and lymphoid tissues at 4 weeks of age demonstrated that both vaccine regimens induced systemic antibody responses and both systemic and local cell-mediated immune responses. The safety and immunogenicity of the VSV-SIVgpe +MVA-SIV immunization regimen described in this report provide the scientific incentive to explore the efficacy of this vaccine regimen against virulent SIV exposure in the infant macaque model.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011

We investigated the potential (d)NDP/(d)NTP discrimination mechanisms in nucleotide pyrophosphata... more We investigated the potential (d)NDP/(d)NTP discrimination mechanisms in nucleotide pyrophosphatases. Here, we report that dUTPase, an essential nucleotide pyrophosphatase, uses a C-terminal P-loop-like sequence in a unique mechanism for substrate discrimination and efficient hydrolysis. Our spectroscopy and transient kinetics results on human dUTPase mutants combined with previous structural studies indicate that (i) H-bond interactions between the γ-phosphate and the P-loop-like motif V promote the catalytically competent conformation of the reaction center at the α-phosphate group; (ii) these interactions accelerate the chemical step of the kinetic cycle and that (iii) hydrolysis occurs very slowly or not at all in the absence of the γ-phosphate-motif V interactions, i.e., in dUDP, dUDP.BeFx, or in the motif V-deleted mutant. The physiological role of dUTPase is to set cellular dUTP∶dTTP ratios and prevent injurious uracil incorporation into DNA. Based upon comparison with related pyrophosphate generating (d)NTPases, we propose that the unusual use of a P-loop-like motif enables dUTPases to achieve efficient catalysis of dUTP hydrolysis and efficient discrimination against dUDP at the same time. These specifics might have been advantageous on the appearance of uracil-DNA repair. The similarities and differences between dUTPase motif V and the P-loop (or Walker A sequence) commonly featured by ATP-and GTPases offer insight into functional adaptation to various nucleotide hydrolysis tasks.

Journal of Virology, 2007

Live-attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors expressing foreign antigens induce poten... more Live-attenuated vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vectors expressing foreign antigens induce potent immune responses and protect against viral diseases in animal models. Highly attenuated (VSV-CT1) or single-cycle VSV (VSV⌬G) vectors induce immune responses lower than those generated by attenuated wild-type VSV vectors when given intranasally. We show here that reduced spread of the more highly attenuated or singlecycle vectors to other organs, including lymph nodes, correlates with the reduction in the immune responses. A reverse transcription, real-time PCR assay for VSV genomic RNA (gRNA) sequences showed long-term persistence of gRNA from replicating vectors in lymph nodes, long after viral clearance. Such persistence may be important for induction of potent immune responses by VSV vectors.

CBS | Department of Marketing and Department of Digitalization, 2019

Theoretical framework, 2017

The Yale journal of biology and medicine, 2011

Journal of Virology, Feb 1, 2010

Proceedings Cvpr Ieee Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Ieee Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, Jun 17, 2007

2007 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 2007

Proceeding of the twenty-sixth annual CHI conference on Human factors in computing systems - CHI '08, 2008

Virology, 2008

Vaccine, 2010

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2011

Journal of Virology, 2007

Why would United Nation organize or promote special agendas? The roles of United Nations and worl... more Why would United Nation organize or promote special agendas? The roles of United Nations and world leaders play is vital for the implementation of Agenda 2030 in participating nations the world population have everything to do with the way in which program and implementation are approached. In programs with influential entities from several notable organizations, of which may be in connection with one another, the approach to implementing may not be straight-forward. The purpose of this study was to create a clear description of what was behind the agenda and motivating factors were conducted in a program that intended under such conditions.
This research contributes theoretically and empirically to the research about agendas behind the whole concept of United Nation program “Agenda 2030”. The entities behind the program, world governance systems that are characterized by numerous and diverse agents, and straightforward disclosure of their intentions, within the context of directing and domineering world leadership as well as organizing future global plan and program implementation. This study attempts to provide new clear insights by exploring the corporate leadership world and United Nation reforms pursued.

It is more difficult to understand things than you thought at the beginning. “There is more to th... more It is more difficult to understand things than you thought at the beginning. “There is more to than meets the eye.” (Cambridge University Press), this idiomatic expression can best describe human perception.
The author has develop a theory to justify his claims, both logical and philosophical approach to support his hypothetical arguments that, “Reason always comes in pairs”. There can't be just one reason for an action, as there are always one or more reasons to justify the first.
These analytical expositions could help explain this theory ‘there are one or more reason to make the first one justifiable.’ that is more realistic or relatable terms.

Social media itself is a catch-all term for sites that may provide radically different social act... more Social media itself is a catch-all term for sites that may provide radically different social actions. For instance, Twitter is a social site designed to let people share short messages or “updates” with others. Facebook, in contrast is a full-blown social networking site that allows for sharing updates, photos, joining events and a variety of other activities. Social media has become a platform that is easily accessible to anyone with internet access. Increased communication for organizations fosters brand awareness and often, improved customer service. Additionally, social media serves as a relatively inexpensive platform for organizations to implement marketing campaigns. Social media often feeds into the discovery of new content such as news
stories, and “discovery” is a search activity. Many people also perform searches
at social media sites to find social media content. Social connections may also impact the relevancy of some search results, either within a social media network or
at a ‘mainstream’ search engine (http://searchengineland.com/guide/what-is-social-media-marketing). Perhaps the greatest value of social media marketing is the ability to foster and engage with a community of other people. That engagement is at the heart of social media.

Social media itself is a catch-all term for sites that may provide radically different social act... more Social media itself is a catch-all term for sites that may provide radically different social actions. For instance, Twitter is a social site designed to let people share short messages or “updates” with others. Facebook, in contrast is a full-blown social networking site that allows for sharing updates, photos, joining events and a variety of other activities. Social media has become a platform that is easily accessible to anyone with internet access. Increased communication for organizations fosters brand awareness and often, improved customer service. Additionally, social media serves as a relatively inexpensive platform for organizations to implement marketing campaigns. Social media often feeds into the discovery of new content such as news stories, and “discovery” is a search activity. Many people also perform searches at social media sites to find social media content. Social connections may also impact the relevancy of some search results, either within a social media network or at a ‘mainstream’ search engine. Perhaps the greatest value of social media marketing is the ability to foster and engage with a community of other people. That engagement is at the heart of social media.

The lack of market value, implementation and marketing that do not function perfectly are normall... more The lack of market value, implementation and marketing that do not function perfectly are normally easy reason to support if why a particular product or new idea can fail on the market. There is always more than one side to a story, so to speak. Most case study focuses on marketing strategy and market value without exploring further the underlying factors that cause product development to fail, such as the lack of support from the local government unit, government policy and the world leading company’s strategic act to disrupt small budding companies. That also contributes to the niche development of establishing a new idea, a reason to not succeed. In essence, many companies fail not simply because it's so hard to succeed but because it is being restricted and disrupted.