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Papers by Ihsan Fethi
Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment i... more Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment in general and on architecture in particular because of its direct material reflection on the built environment. This study examines the impact of conceptual environment for this phenomenon on the transformation of type of Iraqi architecture in general and on the architecture of the Kurdistan Region in particular. One specific difficulty of the study was the lack of documentation and clarity regarding how Westernization impacted the degree and type of architectural transformations in the Kurdistan Region over a period spanning 100 years, defined between 1917 to 2017. The study concluded that there was a wide diversity and variation on the level of influence of Westernization on selected architectural examples of the study area within that period. This was mainly due to the variety of Western models adopted as formal and aesthetic references despite their diverse temporal and historical co...
Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment i... more Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment in general and on architecture in particular because of its direct material reflection on the built environment. This study examines the impact of conceptual environment for this phenomenon on the transformation of type of Iraqi architecture in general and on the architecture of the Kurdistan Region in particular. One specific difficulty of the study was the lack of documentation and clarity regarding how Westernization impacted the degree and type of architectural transformations in the Kurdistan Region over a period spanning a 100 years, defined between 1917 to 2017. The study concluded that there was a wide diversity and variation on the level of influence of Westernization on selected architectural examples of the study area within that period. This was mainly due to the variety of Western models adopted as formal and aesthetic references despite their diverse temporal and historical ...
Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2016
The current concept of architectural design education in most schools of architecture in Jordan i... more The current concept of architectural design education in most schools of architecture in Jordan is a blend between manual and digital approaches. However, the disconnection between these two methods has resulted in the students' failure to transfer skills learnt through traditional methods to the digital method of CAAD. The objective of this study is twofold: to first compare students’ attitudes toward using both methods and to then assess the impact of CAAD use on the quality of architectural design final product. An open-ended questionnaire was designed to measure variables related to students’ preferences toward CAAD and traditional methods. The quality of sixty graduation projects at three Jordanian universities was investigated. The results appear to support the assumption that CAAD tools are used largely as visual means and thereby cause a marked decline in design quality. These findings call for a reconsideration of the status quo and a rethinking of perhaps the entire ar...
The first part of this study shows that, although Iraq is fortunately endowed with a very rich an... more The first part of this study shows that, although Iraq is fortunately endowed with a very rich and varied cultural heritage, efforts to protect it have been hitherto largely inadequate and unco-ordinated. While the official protective machinery centres its attention on single outstanding ancient and historic monuments and sites, the historic vernacular buildings, groups of buildings and areas - both rural and urban - remain not only badly neglected but are being rapidly demolished. The appalling and increasing destruction of this unique heritage is a serious loss and is, ironically, being caused mainly by official action. The study shows that over twenty per cent of Baghdad's historic fabric has been destroyed since World War 1 through new streets and clearance projects alone. This alarming loss is illustrated by an inventory of some 160 buildings of outstanding cultural interest demolished since 1917. The second part covers the history and morphological evolution of Baghdad and...
Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment i... more Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment in general and on architecture in particular because of its direct material reflection on the built environment. This study examines the impact of conceptual environment for this phenomenon on the transformation of type of Iraqi architecture in general and on the architecture of the Kurdistan Region in particular. One specific difficulty of the study was the lack of documentation and clarity regarding how Westernization impacted the degree and type of architectural transformations in the Kurdistan Region over a period spanning 100 years, defined between 1917 to 2017. The study concluded that there was a wide diversity and variation on the level of influence of Westernization on selected architectural examples of the study area within that period. This was mainly due to the variety of Western models adopted as formal and aesthetic references despite their diverse temporal and historical co...
Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment i... more Westernization, as a global phenomenon, has had a profound impact on our conceptual environment in general and on architecture in particular because of its direct material reflection on the built environment. This study examines the impact of conceptual environment for this phenomenon on the transformation of type of Iraqi architecture in general and on the architecture of the Kurdistan Region in particular. One specific difficulty of the study was the lack of documentation and clarity regarding how Westernization impacted the degree and type of architectural transformations in the Kurdistan Region over a period spanning a 100 years, defined between 1917 to 2017. The study concluded that there was a wide diversity and variation on the level of influence of Westernization on selected architectural examples of the study area within that period. This was mainly due to the variety of Western models adopted as formal and aesthetic references despite their diverse temporal and historical ...
Malaysian Online Journal of Educational Technology, 2016
The current concept of architectural design education in most schools of architecture in Jordan i... more The current concept of architectural design education in most schools of architecture in Jordan is a blend between manual and digital approaches. However, the disconnection between these two methods has resulted in the students' failure to transfer skills learnt through traditional methods to the digital method of CAAD. The objective of this study is twofold: to first compare students’ attitudes toward using both methods and to then assess the impact of CAAD use on the quality of architectural design final product. An open-ended questionnaire was designed to measure variables related to students’ preferences toward CAAD and traditional methods. The quality of sixty graduation projects at three Jordanian universities was investigated. The results appear to support the assumption that CAAD tools are used largely as visual means and thereby cause a marked decline in design quality. These findings call for a reconsideration of the status quo and a rethinking of perhaps the entire ar...
The first part of this study shows that, although Iraq is fortunately endowed with a very rich an... more The first part of this study shows that, although Iraq is fortunately endowed with a very rich and varied cultural heritage, efforts to protect it have been hitherto largely inadequate and unco-ordinated. While the official protective machinery centres its attention on single outstanding ancient and historic monuments and sites, the historic vernacular buildings, groups of buildings and areas - both rural and urban - remain not only badly neglected but are being rapidly demolished. The appalling and increasing destruction of this unique heritage is a serious loss and is, ironically, being caused mainly by official action. The study shows that over twenty per cent of Baghdad's historic fabric has been destroyed since World War 1 through new streets and clearance projects alone. This alarming loss is illustrated by an inventory of some 160 buildings of outstanding cultural interest demolished since 1917. The second part covers the history and morphological evolution of Baghdad and...