Ilja Frissen - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ilja Frissen

Despite much discussion in HCI research about how individual differences likely determine compute... more Despite much discussion in HCI research about how individual differences likely determine computer users' personal information management (PIM) practices, the extent of the influence of several important factors remains unclear, including users' personalities, spatial abilities, and the different software used to manage their collections. We therefore analyse data from prior CHI work to explore (1) associations of people's file collections with personality and spatial ability, and (2) differences between collections managed with different operating systems and file managers. We find no notable associations between users' attributes and their collections, and minimal predictive power, but do find considerable and surprising differences across operating systems. We discuss these findings and how they can inform future research.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Nov 17, 2016

International audienc

Acta Acustica United With Acustica, Nov 1, 2019

The Coordinate Response Measure corpus was used to measure how extraneous head movements affect s... more The Coordinate Response Measure corpus was used to measure how extraneous head movements affect speech intelligibility in a simulated cocktail party situation in which two, four, or six concurrent talkers were spatialized over headphones using virtual 3D audio. In two conditions, participants oscillated their head along the yaw axis, aided by a visual target tracking task. In one condition, the changes in the spatial location of the talkers were compensated for (i.e., the talkers were world-fixed) while in the other there was no such compensation (i.e., the talkers were head-fixed). In an additional baseline condition, participants did not move their heads. The results show that extraneous head movements do not impair speech intelligibility in a cocktail party situation.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Oct 15, 2003

Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 2016

In this paper we describe the design and trial use of Cardinal, novel software that overcomes the... more In this paper we describe the design and trial use of Cardinal, novel software that overcomes the limitations of existing research tools used in personal information management (PIM) studies focusing on file management (FM) behavior. Cardinal facilitates large-scale collection of FM behavior data along an extensive list of file system properties and additional relevant dimensions (e.g., demographic, software and hardware, etc). It enables anonymous, remote, and asynchronous participation across the 3 major operating systems, uses a simple interface, and provides value to participants by presenting a summary of their file and folder collections. In a 15-day trial implementation, Cardinal examined over 2.3 million files across 46 unsupervised participants. To test its adaptability we extended it to also collect psychological questionnaire responses and technological data from each participant. Participation sessions took an average of just over 10 minutes to complete, and participants reported positive impressions of their interactions. Following the pilot, we revised Cardinal to further decrease participation time and improve the user interface. Our tests suggest that Cardinal is a viable tool for FM research, and so we have made its source freely available to the PIM community.

Although many challenges of managing computer files have been identified in past studies -- and m... more Although many challenges of managing computer files have been identified in past studies -- and many alternative prototypes made -- the scale and structure of personal file collections remain relatively unknown. We studied 348 such collections, and found they are typically considerably larger in scale (30-190 thousand files) and structure (folder trees twice taller and many times wider) than previously thought, which suggests files and folders are used now more than ever despite advances in Web storage, desktop search, and tagging. Data along many measures within and across collections were log normally distributed, indicating that personal collections resemble imbalanced, group-made collections and confirming the intuition that personal information management behaviour varies greatly. Directions for the generation of test collections and other future research are discussed.

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, Mar 1, 2014

Journal of Vision, Sep 3, 2010

This research investigates the information behavior of undergraduate students in the context of a... more This research investigates the information behavior of undergraduate students in the context of academic and three everyday-life information domains (health, news, leisure). Data was collected using an online survey of all undergraduates at McGill University, with 3565 usable responses obtained (response rate 15.6%). Results-to-date show that there is variation by domain in the choice of resource, choice of search tool, and judgment of credibility. The results also show that while the students are able to make good judgements regarding the credibility of resources, that judgement is not always reflected in the resources they actually choose to use.

Many large digital collections are organized by sorting their items into topics and arranging the... more Many large digital collections are organized by sorting their items into topics and arranging these topics hierarchically, such as those displayed in a tree view. The resulting information organization structures mitigate some of the challenges of searching digital information realms; however, the topic hierarchies are often large and complex, and thus difficult to navigate. Automated techniques have been shown to produce significantly smaller, simplified versions of existing topic hierarchies while preserving access to the majority of the collection, but these simplified topic hierarchies have never been tested with human participants, and so it is not clear what effect simplification would have on the exploration and use of such structures for browsing and retrieval. This study partly addresses this gap by performing a comparative test with three groups of university students (N=62) performing ten topic hierarchy exploration tasks using one of three versions of the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) hierarchy: 1) the original LCSH hierarchy, acting as a baseline, 2) a shallower version of 1), and 3) a narrower version of 2). A quantitative analysis of measures of accuracy, time, and browsing shows that participants using the simplified trees were significantly more accurate and faster than those using the unmodified tree, and the narrower, balanced tree was also faster than the shallower tree. These results show that automated topic hierarchy simplification can facilitate the use of such hierarchies, which has implications for the development of information organization theory and human-information interaction techniques for similar information structures.

Traditional models of face recognition view identity and recognition of expression as implemented... more Traditional models of face recognition view identity and recognition of expression as implemented in separate systems, a view reinforced by the notion that prosopagnosia is a selective loss of the ability to recognize facial identity and is due to a loss of configuralprocessing ability. Yet, not much attention has been devoted to investigating the role of configural processing in recognition of facial expressions either in normal viewers or in prosopagnosics. We investigated the influence of facial organization on discrimination of a local facial feature, using a feature-matching task and comparing matching performance for either upright or inverted target presentation. Stimuli consisted of faces and face parts with or without expression, but task requirements were identical in both conditions. Normal viewers are equally sensitive to the face configuration whether the stimuli are neutral faces of face expressions. In contrast, prosopagnosic patients present an effect of the configuration only when there is a facial expression present

Research Square (Research Square), Jul 19, 2022

Taking a motor planning perspective, this study investigates whether haptic force cues displayed ... more Taking a motor planning perspective, this study investigates whether haptic force cues displayed on the steering wheel are more effective than visual cues in signaling the direction of an upcoming lane change. Licensed drivers drove in a xed-base driving simulator equipped with an active steering system for realistic force-feedback. They were instructed to make lane changes upon registering a directional cue. Cues were delivered according to the movement precuing technique employing a pair of precues and imperative cues which could be either visual, haptic, or crossmodal (a visual precue with a haptic imperative cue, and vice versa). The main dependent variable was response times. Additional analyses were conducted on steering wheel angle pro les and error rates. Conditions with a haptic imperative cue produced considerably faster responses than conditions with a visual imperative cue, irrespective of the precue modality. Valid and invalid precues produced the typical gains and costs, with one exception. There appeared to be little cost in response time or steering errors associated with invalid cueing when both cues were haptic. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that imperative haptic cues facilitate action selection while visual stimuli require additional time-consuming cognitive processing. Planning Lane Changes Using Advance Visual And Haptic Information As we are starting to witness the transition from manually operated cars to autonomous cars, we also recognize the inevitable need for effective modes of communication between the human and the automated operator (Duthoit et al., 2018). One of these modes, that has received a lot of attention, entails the sense of touch, or more generally, haptics. Unlike traditional interfaces that rely on visual and auditory channels, haptic interfaces generate signals that stimulate the kinesthetic and touch senses. Exploiting the senses of touch is understandable because they are less important to the immediate driving task as vision and hearing are, and therefore have the potential to be a channel of communication that is much less likely to interfere with the driving task (e.g., Meng et al., 2015). There are now numerous empirical accounts of the potentially bene cial effects of introducing haptics in terms of response times, error rates, gaze control, mental load, lane excursions and many other driving speci c parameters. At the same time, these accounts do not always address the underlying psychomotor processes that could help in explaining how the bene cial effects come about. This study aims to take a step toward such an explanation. To this end, the study adopts the perspective of planning a motor response for an upcoming lane change in a simulated driving environment and compares how visual and haptic cues affect the nature of the planned motor response. Functions And Outcomes Of In-vehicle Haptics Recent years have seen several literature reviews offering organizational schemes of the many ways in which the application of haptic in cars have been explored. There reviews take various perspectives,

Many variables have been shown to impact whether a vibra tion stimulus will be perceived. We pres... more Many variables have been shown to impact whether a vibra tion stimulus will be perceived. We present a user study that takes into account not only previously investigated predictors such as vibration intensity and duration along with the age of the person receiving the stimulus, but also the amount of mo tion, as measured by an accelerometer, at the site of vibration immediately preceding the stimulus. This is a more specific measure than in previous studies showing an effect on per ception due to gross conditions such as walking. We show that a logistic regression model including prior acceleration is significantly better at predicting vibration perception than a model including only vibration intensity, duration and par ticipant age. In addition to the overall regression, we discuss individual participant differences and measures of classifica tion performance for real-world applications. Our expecta tion is that haptic interface designers will be able to use such results to design better vibrations that are perceivable under the user's current activity conditions, without being annoy ingly loud or jarring, eventually approaching "perceptually equivalent" feedback independent of motion.

Critical Reviews in Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine, 2016

Generali~ation across soundfreguencies is unajjerted by nse time Chapter 5 Aftereffects generaGze... more Generali~ation across soundfreguencies is unajjerted by nse time Chapter 5 Aftereffects generaGze to non-octave intervals Chapter 6 The aftereffects of ventriloyuísm: Patterns of .rputialgeneruliZation fmm loca! reculibration Chapter 7 Evidence for generalization across sound-frequency and spatial generalization without a directed motor response Chapter 8 The àme course of visual recalibration of auditory localization Chapter 9 General discussion Samenvatting (summar}~in Dutch) 109 References 113 Acknowledgments 127 Vita 129 '"`x' denotes that exposure was distributed ocer a number of blocks, with a subset of post tests interspersed. The fust digit indicates the number of such blocks and the second the number of trials per binck. The same goes for Exposure duration except that the second digit stands Eor the number of minutes the block lasted. "' Díean ahereffect as the proportion of the imposed discrepana.

Knowledge and Process Management, Feb 22, 2022

Organizational strategies around employee retirement are often cast in generational terms (i.e., ... more Organizational strategies around employee retirement are often cast in generational terms (i.e., as knowledge transferred between older and younger generations). Within this context, research suggests generational differences in knowledge sharing preferences and in supporting information and communication technology (ICT) preferences. At the same time, others argue that the concept of generations is a myth, or a stereotype‐driven perception. Therefore, the objectives of this study were (1) to examine whether there are generational differences in knowledge sharing and ICT preferences and (2) to examine whether perceptions of younger and older generations' preferences match their actual preferences. Data were collected from 138 survey participants (Baby Boomers, Generation Xers, and Millennials) and analyzed using ANOVAs, effect sizes, and confidence intervals. Additionally, 13 interviews were conducted with Baby Boomers and analyzed using content and narrative analyses. Findings showed no reliable differences between the three generations' preferences for knowledge sharing modalities (i.e., in writing and verbally) and methods (i.e., in person and through various ICTs). The most preferred methods were email, in‐person, telephony, and instant messaging. Most interestingly, while all generations had an accurate perception of Millennials' sharing preferences, they all demonstrated a distorted perception of Baby Boomers' preferences. Moreover, the broader the generation gap, the greater the discrepancy in perception. These findings support the postulation that generational differences may be a matter of perception rather than actuality. The most significant implication for research and practice is to retire generational thinking and to propose several alternative organizational strategies in managing knowledge continuity.

Electronic Journal of Knowledge Management, Apr 1, 2019

The purpose of this research is to better understand the interaction between notable structural a... more The purpose of this research is to better understand the interaction between notable structural and relational factors, which positively influence organizational knowledge sharing. Specifically, to investigate the effects of multiple dimensions of trust (i.e., competence-, integrity-, benevolence-based perceived trustworthiness) on the relationship between tie-strength and effective knowledge sharing. Knowledge sharing was examined in two ways, first through the knowledge receiver's perception of how useful the shared knowledge was, and second through their willingness to use that knowledge. Willingness to use was further classified into explicit and tacit forms of knowledge. A total of 275 surveys were collected from legal professionals, working on projects, at one of Canada's largest law firms. Data were analyzed using linear regression, mediation, and moderator analyses. The study revealed four main findings. The first was that strong ties lead to the receipt of useful knowledge. Second, both competence-and integrity-based trustworthiness strongly mediated the link between strong ties and receipt of useful knowledge. Third, when trust was taken into account, any positive effect of strong ties on the receipt of useful knowledge was removed. Fourth, the mediating effect of competence-based trustworthiness was of similar magnitude for willingness to use explicit and tacit knowledge. Practical implications suggest organizations should cultivate competence-and integrity-based trustworthiness and develop networks consisting of both weak and strong ties, balancing network density and range.

The focus of this study was to investigate the ability to discriminate between melodic intervals ... more The focus of this study was to investigate the ability to discriminate between melodic intervals of the equal tempered scale based solely on vibrotactile stimulation. In music, a melodic interval is the musical distance between two pitches, or notes, that are played sequentially. This paper tests the hypothesis that people can detect melodic intervals that are presented to different body sites such as the fingertip of the index finger of the non-dominant hand, as well as to the flank, the lateral region between the ribcage and the hip bone. Vibrotactile stimuli on the flank were displayed through voice coils of different diameters (0 13 mm and 0 25 mm respectively), while those at the finger were displayed with a 0 13 mm diameter voice coil. Six melodic intervals ranging from a minor second (A/=100 cents) to a perfect fifth (A/=700 cents) were compared to the reference interval of a perfect prime (A/=0 cents) at a fundamental frequency (/) of 65 Hz. Discrimination was significant for intervals as small as a major second (A/=200 cents; i.e. 8Hz, or 12.3%), depending on the location of the body. Overall, results tend to suggest that larger intervals are less difficult to detect than smaller intervals.

Education for Information, Nov 24, 2016

Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Human Information Interaction and Retrieval, 2020