Indrajit Nath - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Indrajit Nath

Annals of medical and health sciences research, 2014

Insulin resistance (IR), as a result of unhealthy life-styles and westernization, most likely con... more Insulin resistance (IR), as a result of unhealthy life-styles and westernization, most likely contributes to the increased incidence of metabolic abnormalities and consequently, the development of metabolic syndrome (MS). The present study was undertaken to determine the magnitude of IR and associated clinico-metabolic risk factors among the out-patients of a tertiary care hospital in Bihar, India. Anthropometric profile, lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, C-reactive protein (CRP) and C-peptide of 112 individuals were measured using the standard procedures. IR was assessed using the homeostasis model (Homeostatic model assessment [HOMA]-IR). The mean IR was 1.5 (1.0). Individuals with MS, higher body mass index and CRP ≥6 mg/l had higher IR. Linear regression showed, among the components of MS, waist circumference had the highest contribution toward IR. The optimal cut-off value to detect IR by HOMA2-IR was 1.35. IR was found to have a strong association with various clinico-meta...

Journal of Laboratory Physicians

Background Determination of isolated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in asymptomatic individuals ... more Background Determination of isolated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in asymptomatic individuals has not demonstrated sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be useful in the routine evaluation of prostate disease. To enhance the accuracy of serum PSA we have used a proportion of serum PSA and prostate volume, which we refer to as prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD). Prostate volume in this study was calculated using transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS).Materials and Methods A total of 106 patients with prostatic disease clinically confined to the prostate glands were evaluated.Results and Observation The mean PSAD for prostate cancer was 0.15 ± 0.01 while that for benign hypertrophy of the prostate (BPH) was 0.11 ± 0.02 (p < 0.05). Significant difference (p < 0.05) was noted in the prostate volume in these two groups with the mean prostate volume measured by TRUS in the BPH to be 53.85 ± 9.71 mL compared with 58.14 ± 7.48 mL in the carcinoma. PSA density of 0.13 ng/mL ca...

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences

Background: Several forms of hemoglobin variants might be present in the population being fully o... more Background: Several forms of hemoglobin variants might be present in the population being fully or partially silent. Furthermore, a high percentage of the population is already suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) which is mainly monitored by HbA1cestimation. As the structure of hemoglobin molecule is altered by the variant status hence, this might have an impact on the HbA1c estimation. Aims and Objectives: The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hemoglobin variant and its effect on the HbA1c estimation. Materials and Methods: Samples from 439 individuals were taken and evaluated for any hemoglobin variants,andalso, the HbA1c values were measured. Results: About 27.4% of the study population were found to have hemoglobin variants, out of this 27.4%, 19.5% were Hb E carrier and 6.45% were Hb E diseased. About 22.3% of the population were suffering from DM. Hb variants had significant effect on HbA1C measurement in the overall study population and in the normal population...

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by pathological skin l... more Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease characterized by pathological skin lesions due to various exogenous and endogenous factors. Oxidative stress can be one of the causes for the occurrence of psoriasis as well as significant contributor to its progression. Skin exposure to a number of irritants or proinflammatory agents including UVA and UVB generates ROS through the oxidative burst in infiltrating leukocytes at the site of inflammation which damages the skin cells. Measurement of the oxidative stress marker like lipid peroxidation product Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nitric Oxide end products (NO 2 +NO 3) along with the inflammatory marker hs-CRP in Psoriasis patients can uncover their role in disease causation, progression and development of various co-morbidities and timely prevention can significantly improve the quality of life of the psoriasis patients. Aims and Objectives: To measure the oxidative stress marker like lipid peroxidation product Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nitric Oxide end products (NO2+NO3) along with the inflammatory marker hs-CRP in Psoriasis patients to uncover their role in disease causation, progression and development of various co-morbidities and timely prevention to significantly improve the quality of life of the psoriasis patients. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients of psoriasis mainly plaque type of either sex, in the age group of 35 ± 15.5 (range: 7-79) years were taken following inclusion and exclusion criteria. To evaluate the oxidative stress lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA) and Nitric Oxide end products (NO2 + NO3) were measured. hs-CRP was measured as an inflammatory marker and their correlation with the disease severity and duration was evaluated. Results: A significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide end products (NOx) and hs-CRP levels (P<0.001) was noted in Psoriatic patients as compared to controls. There was a positive correlation between MDA, NOx and hs-CRP levels with the severity and duration of the disease. The correlation between hs-CRP and MDA and NOx also showed positive trend. Conclusion: Oxidative stress is one of the factors which can lead to the causation of Psoriasis and also significantly contribute to the disease progression and development of various co-morbidities. By measuring the oxidative stress marker and inflammatory marker in psoriasis patients early in the disease process we can employ preventive strategies for better management and improve the survival and quality of life.

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2021

Background: Diabetes is one of the most common disease which is observed in every household of In... more Background: Diabetes is one of the most common disease which is observed in every household of Indian population. The longevity of the diabetic patients is dependent upon the frequency of complication and comorbidity that they encounter. Serum iron and ferritin, both being the aggravators to the oxidative stress accelerating the development of complications, gives us the reason to venture into the territory exploring the possibility of monitoring the body iron stores and taking prevent measures to control such complication. The current study was designed with an aim to knot the relationship between body iron stores and glycemic control in patients of type-II diabetes mellitus. Aims and Objectives: To measure the levels of serum ferritin, serum Iron, transferrin saturation and HbA1C and finding out the relationship between body iron stores and glycemic control in patients of Type-II Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 diagnosed cases of type II DM and 50 healthy c...

International journal of biomedical research, 2018

Context : Thyroid disorders have widespread systemic manifestations including their effects on bo... more Context : Thyroid disorders have widespread systemic manifestations including their effects on body mineral homeostasis in many different ways. Thyroid hormones control urinary excretion of minerals like Magnesium, zinc, sodium, potassium etc and minerals like Zn helps in peripheral conversion of inactive T4 to its active T3 form. Electrolyte abnormality is a common finding in the patients with thyroid dysfunction which can effect the disease morbidity. Aims & Objective : The present study was carried out to access the importance of Electrolyte status in the study subjects and to use the information for lowering the mortality and morbidity associated with the disease process. Materials &Methods : The study population was divided into normal control group consisting of 40 healthy individuals and a test group consisting of 80 patients out of whom 40 were diagnosed to be having primary hypothyroidism and 40 to be having primary hyperthyroidism. Electrolyte status was assessed by serum ...

Paripex Indian Journal Of Research, 2018

Objectives: The present study was aimed to assess the relationship between the pattern of dyslipi... more Objectives: The present study was aimed to assess the relationship between the pattern of dyslipidaemiaand body fat deposition with insulin resistance in Psoriatic patients. Material &methods: Body mass index(BMI) and waist circumference(WC) were measured in 40 psoriaitic patients against matched controls.Fasting Blood Glucose(FBG) and Triglyceride(TG),Cholesterol(CHOL),Low density lipoprotein(LDL),Very low density lipoprotein(VLDL), and High density lipoprotein(HDL) were measured by spectrophotometry. Insulin resistance was assessed by measuring the HOMA-IR values. Results: FBG,WC and HDL between this two groups were statistically not significant (p value=0.271, 0.21 and 0.72 respectively).On the other hand, BMI, HOMA-IR, TG, CHOL, LDL and VLDL levels were significantly higher in the case group (p< 0.05).Bivariate correlation analysis showed HOMA IR to be significantly associated withFBG,BMI,WC,Total CHOL and LDL (but not with VLDL, TG and HDL values. Conclusion: mainly an incr...

National Journal of Physiology, Pharmacy and Pharmacology, 2020

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to a group of modifiable risk factors consisting of in... more Background: Metabolic syndrome (MS) refers to a group of modifiable risk factors consisting of insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, increased triglyceride and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and arterial hypertension, occurring in some individuals and associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. The raised serum uric acid level as a marker for generalized metabolic derangement is on the rise. An independent effect of elevated serum uric acid on atherosclerosis, as measured by such a surrogate marker, has been suggested for the influence of MS and other factors. Asymptomatic hyperuricemia is also found to have an independent association with a cardiovascular disorder. Metabolic disturbances such as visceral obesity, dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia, and hypertension are risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Aims and Objectives: The study was conducted to find out any association between MS and hyperuricemia which would be relevant as a biomarker to diagnose the fatal but avoidable cardiovascular complication and to treat them at the earliest. Materials and Methods: Height, weight, blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood uric acid levels, fasting blood sugar levels, serum triglyceride, and serum HDL cholesterol measured among a group of 298 subjects (198 cases and 100 controls) attending outpatient department of North Bengal Medical College and Hospital. Results: Hyperuricemia significantly increases with an increase in age and BMI. Subjects of MS (Cases) significantly have more systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, raised serum triglyceride, uric acid, and low HDL than their healthy counterparts (control). Hyperuricemia is significantly associated with MS cases irrespective of sex after menopause of females, but males are more affected than females when the age group is not considered. Conclusion: An association was found between MS and uric acid level that may help the medical community to include the uric acid level measurement to be a routine diabetic, hypertensive care level, and decrease the burden of cerebrovascular disorder arising out of complication due to hyperuricemia. Association of serum uric acid level with MS and its relevance as a biomarker as cardiovascular risk outcome will have significant clinical importance.

Indian journal of Medical Biochemistry, 2018

Introduction: Thyroid hormones influence renal development, renal hemodynamics, glomerular filtra... more Introduction: Thyroid hormones influence renal development, renal hemodynamics, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), electrolytes, and water homeostasis. The location of the present study is situated at Darjeeling district of West Bengal, which is a part of sub-Himalayan Terai regions with high prevalence of thyroid dysfunctions, especially hypothyroidism. The objective of this observational cross-sectional study is to substantiate the effects of thyroid hormonal status on kidney by estimating serum creatinine, serum urea, albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR), and estimated GFR (eGFR) among drug naïve primary hypothyroid patients, hypothyroid patients under treatment for more than 2 months, and age-and sex-matched control group. Materials and methods: The study includes 48 patients with primary hypothyroidism in a drug naïve status, 40 hypothyroid patients under treatment, and 44 healthy control in the age group of 25 to 55 years. The collected blood and urine samples from the study population have been estimated for the study parameters. Both Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology (CKD-EPI) equation and four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation were used to calculate eGFR. Results: The mean values of serum creatinine, urea, and ACR are significantly increased among untreated patients with primary hypothyroidism, with the decrease in the eGFR, in comparison to healthy control group (p < 0.001); whereas patients on treatment for hypothyroidism show fall in serum creatinine, serum urea, and ACR level, with increase in eGFR values compared with drug naïve primary hypothyroid patients (p < 0.001). In addition, the results of eGFR and ACR are significantly correlated with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) values. Conclusion: Statistically significant alteration in renal function parameters is associated with untreated primary hypothyroidism. Moreover, with the initiation of the treatment for the same can cause reversal of the altered status of renal function.

International Journal of Biomedical Research, 2014

Objective: This study was designed to estimate the prevalence, risk factors of post transplant hy... more Objective: This study was designed to estimate the prevalence, risk factors of post transplant hyperuricemia and to establish the serial changes in eGFR and uric acid in adult renal transplant recipients. Methods: A retrospective observational study on 84 adult renal transplant recipients was conducted between January 2012 and January 2014 in PGIMER and Dr RML hospital, New Delhi, India. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from hospital electronic database. Results: Of 84 patients selected for this study 56 were males and 28 females. The median age was 31 yrs. Hyperuricemia was detected in 48.9% of the recipients at one month from transplantation. After 6 months there is a 15% increase in the number of hyperuricemic subjects. Mean eGFR decreased significantly along with an increase in the uric acid concentration during first year in the patients found hyperuricemic at 1 month of transplantation. Conclusion: eGFR, serum phosphorus, serum cholesterol levels were risk factors for hyperuricemia in renal recipients. The risk is more in subjects who demonstrated increase uric acid level immediately post transplant.

Journal of clinical and diagnostic research : JCDR, 2013

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading cause of chronic kidney failure. Local vascular inflam... more Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading cause of chronic kidney failure. Local vascular inflammation is increased in diabetes mellitus (DM), which results in higher burden of microvascular and macrovascular complications. The present study was carried out to assess the importance of inflammatory status in nephropathy patients with Type-II DM. Eighty diagnosed cases of type II DM who had end stage renal disease (Nephropathy Stage-5) were selected for the study, they were further divided equally into 2 sub-categories; Group I (patients who were undergoing haemodialysis) and Group II (patients who were not undergoing haemodialysis). The control group comprised of 40 individuals who were age and sex matched healthy individuals. Inflammatory status was assessed by estimating serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum albumin. A significant increase in serum CRP and a significant decrease in serum albumin were seen in test group- I and test group-2 as compared to controls. There was a po...

Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia, 2012

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome of reduced organ perfusion secondary to vasospasm a... more Preeclampsia is a pregnancy specific syndrome of reduced organ perfusion secondary to vasospasm and endothelial activation. A number of reports indicate that preeclampsia is associated with elevated blood levels of lipid peroxidation products. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the metabolic correlation between preeclampsia and oxidative stress. 95 no of subjects was selected out for the study out of which normal nonpregnant control group had 25 subjects, normal pregnant control group had 40 subjects & preeclampsia group constituted of 30 subjects. The investigations included are serum lipid profile consisting of serum total cholesterol, serum triglycerides, VLDL, LDL and HDL, serum vitamin E as á-tocopherol and malondialdehyde. There is significant increase in serum triglyceride, serum cholesterol along with LDL and VLDL (p<0.0001) in pregnancy over nonpregnant controls and preeclampsia over pregnant control (p<0.0001). It is observed that in normal controls without pregnancy there is no relationship between serum vitamin E and serum lipid peroxidation as represented by whole blood MDA (malondialdehyde) with a correlation coefficient of 0.13 only. In contrast to this, under the condition of normal pregnancy and preeclampsia the correlation between these two parameters increased with coefficients of correlation (r =-0.9) with a negative trend indicating a definite and significant degree of inverse relationship between two. It is finally proposed that adequate vitamin E supplementation during pregnancy with proportionate increase in preeclampsia may reduce the consequences of peroxidation induced complications during pregnancy.