Irfan Marwat - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Irfan Marwat

Background Iron deficiency of anemia (IDA) is defined as reduced number of red blood cells, and /... more Background Iron deficiency of anemia (IDA) is defined as reduced number of red blood cells, and / or reduced concentration hemoglobin (Hb) due to deficiency of iron. Treatment involves dietary modifications and inorganic iron salt supplements like ferrous sulfate (FS) or Iron polymaltose complex (IPC). The decision to select either drug rests on therapeutic efficacy, untoward side effects; cost of complete course, patient's compliance and discretion of physician. Both drugs can be prescribed in oral form. This study aimed at comparing the efficacy of two iron preparations (ferrous sulphate and iron polymaltose complex salts) in childhood iron deficiency anemia. Objective To compare the efficacy of Ferrous Sulphate and Iron Polymaltose Complex salts in the treatment of childhood Iron Deficiency Anemia.

This article may be cited as: Haleem N, Abbasi S, Idress M, Marwat IZ, Sadiq S, Hanif R. Relation... more This article may be cited as: Haleem N, Abbasi S, Idress M, Marwat IZ, Sadiq S, Hanif R. Relation of BMI with Blood Glucose Level amongst Healthy Students of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad. J Saidu Med Coll Swat. 2020;10(1):22-26 ABSTRACT Background: Obesity is a global challenge all over the world. Body mass index is a good marker to measure the adiposity. Obesity is one of the important risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Normal random blood glucose levels are closely regulated in health with a normal range of 4.4-7.8mmol/l (79-140mg/dl), despite the varying demands of food, exercise and fasting. Many diabetic patients are obese and studies suggest a strong association between the two. Objective: To find an association of BMI with blood glucose level in undergraduate healthy students of Ayub Medical College Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 2018, capillary blood samples were collected from 152 ® students of Ayub Medical College Abbottabad...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2016

BACKGROUND Serum bilirubin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunological properties. It is... more BACKGROUND Serum bilirubin has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and immunological properties. It is considered a protective substance against atherosclerotic and microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus (DM). This study was designed to find the association between total serum bilirubin concentration and diabetic retinopathy (DR). METHODS This case control study was conducted in the Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. Type-2 DM patients more than 18 years of age of either gender with duration of T2DM more than 6 months were included and sub categorized in two groups. Cases (DM with DR) and Controls (DM without DR) while patients with acute and chronic liver diseases, haemolytic anaemia, history of chronic alcohol consumption, use of hepatotoxic drugs (anti-tuberculous, anti-epileptic), women on oral contraceptive pills were excluded. All participants underwent ophthalmic examination at diabetic retinopathy screening...

Objective: To determine the frequency, severity and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in patie... more Objective: To determine the frequency, severity and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in patients with diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods: In this descriptive cross sectional study male patient with type II diabetes mellitus were included (age 25 to 75 years) visiting Department of Medicine Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar. Participants completed a self-reported questionnaire on demographic, socioeconomic, lifestyle characteristics and on erectile function, using the IIEF-15 (International Index of Erectile Function). Information on duration of diabetes, smoking, type of treatment, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, kidney disease and blood pressure were also obtained. Results: The study included 146 diabetic male patients. Their age ranged between 25 and 75 with a mean of 52.75 and standard deviation of 10.367 years. The overall frequency of ED was 65.1%. Among the 95 patients with ED, it was mild in 10 (6.8 %), moderate in 15 (10.3%), moderate in 38 (26 %) and severe 32...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2012

BACKGROUND A wide variety of clinical conditions, that primarily or secondarily affect the bone-m... more BACKGROUND A wide variety of clinical conditions, that primarily or secondarily affect the bone-marrow may present with pancytopenia, one of such conditions is megaloblastic anaemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and nature of pancytopenia in megaloblastic anaemia. METHODS This was a prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in Medical Units, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan during July 2010-January 2011. Total 90 patients were included in this study. Data were collected including history, clinical examination, haemoglobin level, mean cell volume, bone marrow examination and peripheral smear examination. RESULTS Of total 90 patients, 54 were male and 36 were female. Mean age was 28 +/- 15.84 years. Common presenting features were weakness, fever and bleeding manifestations. Pancytopenia was present in 63 (70%) patients. Most common presenting feature related to anaemia was weakness (80%). Bleeding manifestations, related to low p...

Background: The circulation of blood in bones is necessary for the osteogenesis, maintenance of b... more Background: The circulation of blood in bones is necessary for the osteogenesis, maintenance of bone vitality, bone growth, repair of fractures and other injuries. The nutrient foramina are holes that allow blood vessels to pass through bone cortex. Objective: The aim was to observe the diaphyseal nutrient foramina in the upper limb long bones besides other parameters for obliquity and direction. Material and Methods: In the present study there were 90 long bones of upper limb (All the bones were well dried and cleaned). The bones were 30 humerii, 30 radii and 30 ulnae. For each of the above bones the direction and the obliquity of the nutrient foraminae were studied. Results: As per results, the growing end theory ( To the elbow I go, from the knee I flee) was observed in case of obliquity and direction of nutrient foraminae. Conclusion: The results of the study confirmed the previous results regarding the direction and obliquity of the nutrient foraminae in cases of long bones of ...

BACKGROUND coronary heart disease is multifactorial inflammatory process which involves the accum... more BACKGROUND coronary heart disease is multifactorial inflammatory process which involves the accumulation of lipid macrophages and intimal plaques in smooth muscle cell in large and medium sized arteries. C reactive protein (CRP) which is an inflammatory marker is considered as global risk assessment for coronary heart disease. The objective of study is to determine the CRP level as risk marker in coronary heart disease in middle aged individuals. METHODS This cross sectional study was conducted in Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar and Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar. On the basis of predesigned questionnaire, 100 middle aged individuals of age 40-60 years and 50 normal subjects of same age were questioned by taking consent. Data was collected and analysed by SPSS-15. RESULTS It was founded that 74% of patients have higher values of CRP and 4% have high values of CRP in controls. The t-test applied at 95% confidence interval with mean difference of 22.096 + 2.36 of CHD individuals...

Software Architecture plays a key role in software development but absence of formal description ... more Software Architecture plays a key role in software development but absence of formal description of Software Architecture causes different impede in software development. To cope with these difficulties, ontology has been used as artifact. This paper proposes ontology for Software Architectural design based on IEEE model for architecture description and Kruchten 4+1 model for viewpoints classification. For categorization of style and views, ISO/IEC 42010 has been used. Corpus method has been used to evaluate ontology. The main aim of the proposed ontology is to classify and locate Software Architectural design information. Keywords—Software Architecture Ontology, Semantic based Software Architecture, Software Architecture, Ontology, Software Engineering.

Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are appealing retailers and whole sale... more Electric Vehicles (EVs) and Renewable Energy Sources (RES) are appealing retailers and whole sale dealers for peak shaving. Electric Vehicles, either Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) or Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) interactions are the demanding domain in SG. Renewable energies integration will develop future generation Electric vehicle (EV) transportation, thus contributing more towards the green environment and reduced CO2 emission. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate Smart Building (SB) interaction with energy storage devices, Power EVs for grid load shifting, peak trimming, and reduction of annual energy usage. V2G interfacing, quick charging and discharging, battery backup, and reliability are the main challenges that are discussed and analyzed. Furthermore, we presented V2G and G2V simulation model to describe various parameters affecting the grid-interface network. The case study evaluated various controller parameters affecting the dynamics of V2G and G2V grid-inter-connected system, grid-support stability, and control.

Multi-correlated failures lead to severe power outages in an inter-connected power network. The c... more Multi-correlated failures lead to severe power outages in an inter-connected power network. The critical loads of the data center, such as servers and chillers are highly dependent on the grid power. The service reliability and fault tolerance of the data center becomes challenging under multi-correlated failures. Data miss-management and service unavailability under such scenario will result in the massive revenue loss. To address this problem under multi-correlated failures, a fault tolerant model is proposed to minimize the revenue loss. Moreover, considering the system dynamics, our model maximizes throughput and operational time of the data center. Furthermore, we formulate a stochastic optimized system model that captures power consumption, power distribution, data center generation, data center workload, service deadline, and revenue loss. The effectiveness of the proposed fault-tolerant model is tested and validated using real-time data.

International Journal of Scientific Reports

Nutrition is the science of food and its relationship to health. Among the basic requirements of ... more Nutrition is the science of food and its relationship to health. Among the basic requirements of the human body, nutrition is the most important. The word "nutrition" is derived from a Latin "nutritionem" means "to nourish, suckle". 1 In history, man has struggled a lot to obtain food. They used to hunt animals and ate them. Stone Age people use to consume more proteins than carbohydrate and fats. Until the 19 th century, the science of nutrition was limited, and importance was given to only protein, carbohydrate and fats metabolism. However, the science of nutrition was revived with the discovery of vitamins and minerals between world war one and two. World Health Organization (WHO) defines Malnutrition as "The cellular imbalance between the supply of nutrients and ABSTRACT Background: To assess the nutritional assessment of the primary school children in Abbottabad. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among children of private and public sectors primary schools of Abbottabad from January-September 2018 by simple random sampling. 200 students from each school (7 and 13 years), present on the day of data collection were included in this study and those who were absent, sick or not willing, were excluded. The data was collected on a pre-tested questionnaire. Results: Total 200 students, males 49.5% (n=99) and females 50.5% (n=101) were interviewed and assessed for their nutritional assessment. Their mean age was 11.67±1.66years, height was 144.93±12.34 cms and weight was 37.69±12.96 kgs. Male students (n=67) 67.7% and from private schools (n=67) 65.7% were healthier then female (n=55) 55.4% and government schools (57.1%), P valve 0.085 and 0.026. Most of the students with grade C in last year school performance were underweight (100%). Raven Test for both types of school gave 0.012 P value which indicated more intelligent students resides in private schools. Furthermore, children of well-serviced fathers and qualified mothers were healthy, more intelligent and practiced good hygiene. Also, children of a private school who has better nutritional status scored more than Public school children. Conclusions: Nutritional status of children have a direct effect on their cognitive abilities. Private school children who have scored better in the intelligence test, have better nutritional status. Socioeconomic status and mother qualification have a direct effect on children's nutrition, health status, school performance and hygiene.

The foremost objective of operative control for the unpredictable system is the design of proper ... more The foremost objective of operative control for the unpredictable system is the design of proper and appropriate control system. The handling of insufficient information by using modern methods is of great importance. Therefore, this paper proposes the design of Type-2 fuzzy sets to deal with uncertainties in the unpredictable system in better and appropriate way as Type-2 fuzzy sets possess the capability of providing extra parameters and degree of freedom. Moreover, the construction of Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Type-2 (ANFT2) having a basic fuzzy set of rules is demonstrated. Gradient descent methodology is the basic method for parameter updating rules. The proposed scheme is experienced for both control and identification purpose through a commonly used dynamic system. It is observed that the projected ANFT2 structure gives better outcomes as compared to other control and identification techniques.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

coronary heart disease is multifactorial inflammatory process which involves the accumulation of ... more coronary heart disease is multifactorial inflammatory process which involves the accumulation of lipid macrophages and intimal plaques in smooth muscle cell in large and medium sized arteries. C reactive protein (CRP) which is an inflammatory marker is considered as global risk assessment for coronary heart disease. The objective of study is to determine the CRP level as risk marker in coronary heart disease in middle aged individuals. This cross sectional study was conducted in Hayatabad medical complex Peshawar and Rehman Medical Institute Peshawar. On the basis of predesigned questionnaire, 100 middle aged individuals of age 40-60 years and 50 normal subjects of same age were questioned by taking consent. Data was collected and analysed by SPSS-15. It was founded that 74% of patients have higher values of CRP and 4% have high values of CRP in controls. The t-test applied at 95% confidence interval with mean difference of 22.096 + 2.36 of CHD individuals and 1.288 ± 1.70 of contro...

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Rheumatic Hearth Disease (RHD) is still prevalent in our country and a great source of morbidity.... more Rheumatic Hearth Disease (RHD) is still prevalent in our country and a great source of morbidity. This study was done with an objective to determine relative frequency of different valvular lesions of RHD presenting in a tertiary care hospital. This cross sectional study was conducted at the Cardiology Department of Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. A total of 171 cases of RHD were included through consecutive sampling technique. There were 64.33% females. Mean age was 25.6 +/- 6.95 years ranging from 15 to 40 years. The different percentage of valvular lesions in RHD were MR (59.06%), MS (46.78%), AR (43.85%) and mixed lesions (38.59%). Rheumatic heart disease is a very common disease in our community and mitral regurgitation is a predominant lesion at presentation Females are usually affected more than males.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Coronary artery diseases encompass a spectrum of disorders ranging from angina to fatal myocardia... more Coronary artery diseases encompass a spectrum of disorders ranging from angina to fatal myocardial infarctions with the main underlying pathology being identified as atherosclerosis. The level of inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein and fibrinogen was determined in hundred patients with established coronary artery disease and correlated with lipid profile which included serum cholesterol, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density lipoprotein and triglycerides. The results showed a positive correlation between Inflammatory Marker CRP with LDL and serum cholesterol in patients with coronary artery disease. While no significant correlation of CRP was seen with high density lipoprotein (HDL) and triglyceride. Fibrinogen did not show any significant correlation with lipid profile parameters. Although the inflammatory markers were found to have weak positive correlation with the levels of serum lipids, determining both of these parameters together may help in the early detection and...

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

A wide variety of clinical conditions, that primarily or secondarily affect the bone-marrow may p... more A wide variety of clinical conditions, that primarily or secondarily affect the bone-marrow may present with pancytopenia, one of such conditions is megaloblastic anaemia. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency and nature of pancytopenia in megaloblastic anaemia. This was a prospective, cross-sectional descriptive study conducted in Medical Units, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad, Pakistan during July 2010-January 2011. Total 90 patients were included in this study. Data were collected including history, clinical examination, haemoglobin level, mean cell volume, bone marrow examination and peripheral smear examination. Of total 90 patients, 54 were male and 36 were female. Mean age was 28 +/- 15.84 years. Common presenting features were weakness, fever and bleeding manifestations. Pancytopenia was present in 63 (70%) patients. Most common presenting feature related to anaemia was weakness (80%). Bleeding manifestations, related to low platelet count were found in...

2014 World Congress on Computer Applications and Information Systems (WCCAIS), 2014

This paper presents detail analysis of generic and specific Software Engineering ontologies. The ... more This paper presents detail analysis of generic and specific Software Engineering ontologies. The analysis results can be used as a road map for the optimization of existing or developing new ontologies. For this purpose, state of the art ontologies have been selected and analyzed in terms of their domain covered, scalability, use of Software Engineering standards, scope and application. Salient features and limitations of these ontologies are presented in this paper which can be considered by ontology engineers and research community for enhancing the knowledge in the field of Software Engineering and specifically Knowledge-based Software developing processes. Based on the presented analysis, we have developed a generic Software Engineering ontology and tried to address such issues which are previously neglected.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2016

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC, 2012

International Journal of Scientific Reports

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 2015

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC

2014 World Congress on Computer Applications and Information Systems (WCCAIS), 2014