Farhan Ishaque - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Farhan Ishaque

Pakistan journal of rehabilitation, Jan 5, 2024

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, Dec 31, 2023

BMC musculoskeletal disorders, Jun 22, 2024

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objective: To examine the causes and incidence of hamstring tightness/shortness among undergradua... more Objective: To examine the causes and incidence of hamstring tightness/shortness among undergraduate physical therapy students. Cross-sectional study. Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, DUHS during the period of Jan 2019 to Jun, 2019. Material and Methods: The subjects sample size (n=248) was estimated by open EPI software. Male and female both are included. Hamstring muscle shortness was assessed by a gold standard assessment tool i.e. passive knee extension angle test. Descriptive statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 24. Results: The hamstring muscle tightness was measured by using knee extension angle test. It results conclude that among (248) students (62.90%) had hamstring muscle tightness / shortness and (37.10%) did not show any muscle shortness. Out of (216) females participants (136) have hamstring shortness. On the other hand out of (32) male participants (20) had hamstring shortness/tightness out of total (248) students. It was also evident fro...

Pakistan journal of rehabilitation, Jan 4, 2023

Background and Aim: To evaluate the association of pectoralis minor muscle length and the shoulde... more Background and Aim: To evaluate the association of pectoralis minor muscle length and the shoulder range of motion with and without shoulder pain. Methodology: A sample of 214 participants with and without shoulder pain were enrolled in an analytical cross sectional study at Institute of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Dow University of health sciences, Karachi. Questionnaire was provided to all participants after taking consent. Individuals were categorized into two equal groups i.e. one with and the other without pain). Shoulder active ranges were measured with universal goniometer and pectoralis minor length with measuring tape. Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 21 was used for data analysis. The descriptive variables were assessed for frequencies and percentages. Continuous variables were shown with mean and standard deviations and were correlated with bivariate correlation test. Considered significant was 0.05 p value. Results: Females were 176(82.2%) and males were 38 (17.8%). Mean ± SD of age, weight, height, and BMI were 26.82 ±7.50, 58.45 ±12.11, 160.59 ± 12.43, and 22.18 ±3.78 respectively. The pain intensity negatively correlated with shoulder range of motions (rs =-0.307 to-0.775, p< 0.05) except medial rotation. Significant difference (p< 0.05) is found for length of pectoralis minor and range of motion between groups. There was also weak positive correlation between pectoralis minor index and shoulder lateral rotation (rs =0.215; p = 0.003). Conclusion: The shoulder pain affects shoulder joint range of motion and pectoralis minor length. Decreased pectoralis minor muscle length accompanies limited shoulder range of motion except, medial rotation.

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objective: To find out the frequency of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and associated functional li... more Objective: To find out the frequency of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and associated functional limitations in computer operators. Materials &Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the premises of DUHS, Ojha campus, Karachi. The duration of study is from 1st Dec 2019 to 29th February 2020.Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ) was used to evaluate the frequency of CTS in computer users, total sample size taken was 95, data was collected in the premises of DUHS, Ojha campus including both males and females employs between age group of 25 to 50 years that were working on the current job for more than 2 years, members that were <25 or >50 years were excluded from the study. Results: The study indicated possible association of Symptom severity and functional limitations with respect to age. The frequency of CTS symptoms with moderate to severe severity was 17.9% and 35.8% respectively whereas 46.3% reported mild symptoms. According to functional status s...

Patellofemoral pain syndrome frequently occurs as an anterior knee pain in large population in As... more Patellofemoral pain syndrome frequently occurs as an anterior knee pain in large population in Asia. Effective intervention is required to treat it timely however as shown in evidence kinesiology tape is effective treatment internationally but it’s applicability in Pakistan is not known. The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of kinesiology tape in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome in Karachi Pakistan.A cross sectional survey was conducted at multi centers of Karachi using non probability purposive sampling technique. To gather data on demographic variables self-administrated questionnaire was used. All categorical variables were presented through frequencies and percentages. Application of Chi-square test was taken into the account to catch out association between use of kinesiology tape in PFPS and other categorical variables. The results show that (43.75%) of the participants use kinesiology tape in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome. And 66 o...

Background: Dysmenorrhea is broadly defined as pain during menstruation nearly frequent symptoms ... more Background: Dysmenorrhea is broadly defined as pain during menstruation nearly frequent symptoms is lower abdominal cramps, back pain, nausea, headache and depression. Dysmenorrhea is categorized into two subtypes that are Primary Dysmenorrhea and Secondary Dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea is most commonly found in adolescent and young adult group with no underlying pelvic pathology. Symptoms usually subside within three days of menstrual cycle. Affected Females extremely restrict their physical activities in these days. Dysmenorrhea induces negative impact on quality of life of affected females. This may have now the major reason behind absentees of female students in academics and working women in their work places. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of primary dysmenorrhea in sample of under graduated female students of Dow University of Health Sciences and evaluate pain intensity with its associated factors that provoke dysmenorrhea. Materials and M...

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) considered as one of the most common degenerative diseases o... more Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) considered as one of the most common degenerative diseases of synovial joint. KOA is mostly managed by physical therapy, focused on pain management, the range of motion and muscle strengthening but muscle flexibility is usually neglected. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic soft tissue mobilization (DSTM) in comparison with the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching in the management of hamstring tightness, reduction of pain intensity and improvement of physical functionality in KOA. Methods Forty eight patients with KOA were randomly allocated to group A receiving DTSM and group B receiving PNF stretching. The cryotherapy and isometric strengthening exercises were also given to both groups. Total treatment duration consisted of 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week and total 12 sessions per patient. Each treatment session comprised of 30 min. At baseline and post treatment, Active knee extension test(AKET), ...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objectives: To determine the recurrence of body disappointment, loss of control and self- related... more Objectives: To determine the recurrence of body disappointment, loss of control and self- related wellbeing in interpose the relationship among body weight and impairments in self-esteem among students of Doctor of Physiotherapy (DPT) in both campuses of IPMR of DUHS, Karachi. Material and Methods: The research was among youthful understudies of the two sexes (boys and girls) of Doctor of Physiotherapy in both campuses of IPMR of Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi. Concluded an overview through the questionnaire (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale according to the sample size of 298 computed through online programming Open Epi. The survey was acknowledged globally and it was standardized questionnaire. The data was assembled by figuring the BMI among body weight understudies of (DPT) and to check the level of self-esteem by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The survey conducted from January 2019 to February 2019. Results: Normal weight was adjusted to 18.50 till 24.90 – a total o...

These clinical trials were aimed to study the effectiveness of specific vestibular and propriocep... more These clinical trials were aimed to study the effectiveness of specific vestibular and proprioceptive stimulation to improve gross motor function in cerebral palsy (CP) spastic diplegic children. Methodology: A sample of Twenty six cerebral palsy children was selected in this study. All children were evaluated with GMFM-88, QUEST and Modified Ashworth Scale before and after the intervention. The Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) was applied for 50 min, 4 days per week for 48 sessions .The experimental SIT therapy was divided into 3 phases of 16 sessions each .i.e. proprioceptive phase, vestibular phase and mixed phase in which tactile stimulation is constant. The activities were selected to give proprioceptive input in phase one, vestibular input in phase two and mixed input of Proprioception and vestibular in phase three along with tactile input. Results: Results indicated marked improvement in gross motor functioning in the enrolled children with p=0.00. Modified Ashworth Scale al...

FUUAST Journal of Biology, Jun 25, 2021

International Journal of Endorsing Health Science Research (IJEHSR), 2021

Background: Fear-avoidance beliefs and signs specifically non-organics are considered the psychol... more Background: Fear-avoidance beliefs and signs specifically non-organics are considered the psychological factors that have been determined in playing a major role in the advancement of prolonged disability. The current study was directed to explore the prevalence of fear-avoidance belief in patients with neck and back pain seeking physiotherapy and identifying the superior level of fear-avoidance beliefs regarding work or bodily performances which causes chronicity and disability in patients. Methodology: An observational study was conducted at the Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi-Pakistan, from 1st Dec 2019 to 29th Feb 2020. Standard Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FAB-Q) was used to assess the fear level. The queries determined from the questionnaire were distributed into two types; FABQ-work-related and FABQ-physical activity-related. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, with a me...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors for ... more Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors for temporomandibular joint dysfunction among young adult in Karachi. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in (n=383) subjects with (n=165) males and (n=218) females aged between 18–30 years. The subjects were requested to answer Fonseca’s questionnaires, consisted on ten questions. The collected data sets were analyzed statistically through using the SPSS version 22. Result: A total (n=383) participants, the prevalence of TMD is 66.6%. The participant with TMD (66.6%) show 54.0% mild TMD, 12.0% moderate and 0.5% severe. Women with 61% showing TMD, as compare to men 73.93%. When considering only severe TMD, only women are affected 0.5%. Participant with any level of TMD show marked characteristics: 12.53% considered themselves tense people; 17.5% reported to clench or grind their teeth; 8.88% reported clicking of the temporomandibular joint; 24.28% reported frequent ...

Cleome brachycarpa acknowledged as Ponwar and found very effective against soreness, irritation, ... more Cleome brachycarpa acknowledged as Ponwar and found very effective against soreness, irritation, burning, contagious diseases, white patches of the skin, joint pain, ligaments disorder, bones diseases (arthritis, rheumatism), muscles swelling, skin rash and as an antioxidant. It has unpleasant taste and found chiefly in India, Iran and Pakistan. Its leaves, roots, and flowers were assessed for their medicinal uses and the outcomes were very startling regarding their medicinal compositions. According to the various survey reports Cleome species have admirable medicinal values and the compounds isolated from them would be the great source of new therapeutic goods. Many great pharmacological effects of the plant have been reported. The current assessment is a plentiful interpretation of the traditional, ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological uses of the plant.

Lumbar spine osteoarthritis with 40-85% prevalence, degeneration of spine with remarkable narrowi... more Lumbar spine osteoarthritis with 40-85% prevalence, degeneration of spine with remarkable narrowing of disc space and osteophytes formation trigger pain in lower back. Pain in lower portion of back is now considered to be the second most commonly treated health issue in primary health care setups. This pain causes disability, functional loss and job absentees. Commonly pain is managed pharmacologically by NSAIDS but resulted in severe gastric side effects. The purpose of this trial was to appraise the properties of bromelain and papain, the vegetal proteolytic enzymes, in comparison with standard drug on LBP patients. Forty men and women with lumbar spine osteoarthritis were recruited and divided into group 1, received aceclofenac 100mg tablet b.i.d as standard treatment, group 2, patients treated with aceclofenac 100 mg tablet b.i.d and enzyme supplements 250 mg b.i.d for 6 weeks. All the participants were evaluated for their body mass index, vital signs and liver/kidney enzymes be...

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2016

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2016

Background: Cervical radiculopathy, generally entitle as pinching of the nerves which causes seve... more Background: Cervical radiculopathy, generally entitle as pinching of the nerves which causes severe shooting pain which mostly pass through the shoulder. Along with it causes muscle weakness and numbness into the arm and hand. In majority of the cases, cervical radiculopathy responds well to conservative mode of treatments which incorporate physical therapy with medical management. The aim of this study is to uncover the effective and evidence based conservative treatment of cervical radiculopathy. Method: Randomized controlled trial study conducted from January 2014 to December 2014. Participants were recruited from physiotherapy OPDs of tertiary care hospitals. A total number of, 100 subjects with a ratio of 50 men and 50 women were recruited between the ages of 25 and 55 years with unilateral cervical radiculopathy. Control group received combination of conventional AROM exercises and modalities including TENS and superficial thermotherapy as a treatment while experimental group received manual cervical traction and combination of conventional AROM exercises, modalities including TENS and superficial thermotherapy. For both groups, treatment was designed for two weeks (6 sessions/ week). Improvement in symptoms was assessed by evaluation of both groups on the basis of visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: After 2 weeks of treatment, patients with neck pain showed marked decreased in pain as compared with the control group (P<.001).For pre and post level a paired sample t-test was used and the results with p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Mean difference of 0.94 (VAS) with a significant p-value (P<0.01) was obtained shows the respective improvements in the numeric pain scale scores. Conclusion: Manual cervical traction when used with conventional AROM exercises and modalities were effective methods for decreasing pain in cervical radiculopathy. Recent literature supports such protocols involving multiple interventions. Results of this study also supported the treatment options in cervical radiculopathy in a multimodal approach.

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2016

Background: Low back pain has been found to be the most prevailing musculoskeletal condition as w... more Background: Low back pain has been found to be the most prevailing musculoskeletal condition as well as a common cause of absence from workplace. Studies report that low back pain is common and accounts for a large number of reported disabilities among nurses. In fact nursing have one of the highest levels of back injury in all occupation groups. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of low back pain among nurses in a public sector teaching hospital of Karachi. This study has mainly focused on confounding factors leading to low back pain and level of education among nurses regarding patients handling or shifting techniques. Methods: A self-administered questionnaires comprises of three sections, were used to collect data. The first section requested for socio-demographic information, followed by medical history of back pain during last month and during last year.The second section assessed the medical history of LBP in two categories i.e. during last month and during last year.The third and last section inquired about participants' level of education about ergonomics with simply in yes or no pattern.The questionnaires were given to 100 nurses. All questionnaires were completed in the presence of the researcher. Out of 100 questionnaires distributed and recorded, only 47 participants returned the questionnaire. Results: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. Relationship between the prevalence of low back pain and training in patient moving techniques, manual material handling techniques is significant (p=0.017,p= 0.068). There is a weak relationship with the knowledge of ergonomics, biomechanics and back pain preventive measures (p=0.719,p=0.457,p=0.704). Conclusion: More than two third of the participated nurses were well trained in transfer techniques, manual material training and preventive measures of back pain. But they lack the biomechanical knowledge. The prevalence of back pain is more in the nurses and nursing students in public sector teaching hospitals of Karachi.The relationship between level of education about manual material handling/shifting techniques and frequency of low back pain has been established as well.

Pakistan journal of rehabilitation, Jan 5, 2024

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, Dec 31, 2023

BMC musculoskeletal disorders, Jun 22, 2024

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objective: To examine the causes and incidence of hamstring tightness/shortness among undergradua... more Objective: To examine the causes and incidence of hamstring tightness/shortness among undergraduate physical therapy students. Cross-sectional study. Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, DUHS during the period of Jan 2019 to Jun, 2019. Material and Methods: The subjects sample size (n=248) was estimated by open EPI software. Male and female both are included. Hamstring muscle shortness was assessed by a gold standard assessment tool i.e. passive knee extension angle test. Descriptive statistical analysis was done by using SPSS version 24. Results: The hamstring muscle tightness was measured by using knee extension angle test. It results conclude that among (248) students (62.90%) had hamstring muscle tightness / shortness and (37.10%) did not show any muscle shortness. Out of (216) females participants (136) have hamstring shortness. On the other hand out of (32) male participants (20) had hamstring shortness/tightness out of total (248) students. It was also evident fro...

Pakistan journal of rehabilitation, Jan 4, 2023

Background and Aim: To evaluate the association of pectoralis minor muscle length and the shoulde... more Background and Aim: To evaluate the association of pectoralis minor muscle length and the shoulder range of motion with and without shoulder pain. Methodology: A sample of 214 participants with and without shoulder pain were enrolled in an analytical cross sectional study at Institute of physical medicine and rehabilitation, Dow University of health sciences, Karachi. Questionnaire was provided to all participants after taking consent. Individuals were categorized into two equal groups i.e. one with and the other without pain). Shoulder active ranges were measured with universal goniometer and pectoralis minor length with measuring tape. Statistical Package of Social Sciences version 21 was used for data analysis. The descriptive variables were assessed for frequencies and percentages. Continuous variables were shown with mean and standard deviations and were correlated with bivariate correlation test. Considered significant was 0.05 p value. Results: Females were 176(82.2%) and males were 38 (17.8%). Mean ± SD of age, weight, height, and BMI were 26.82 ±7.50, 58.45 ±12.11, 160.59 ± 12.43, and 22.18 ±3.78 respectively. The pain intensity negatively correlated with shoulder range of motions (rs =-0.307 to-0.775, p< 0.05) except medial rotation. Significant difference (p< 0.05) is found for length of pectoralis minor and range of motion between groups. There was also weak positive correlation between pectoralis minor index and shoulder lateral rotation (rs =0.215; p = 0.003). Conclusion: The shoulder pain affects shoulder joint range of motion and pectoralis minor length. Decreased pectoralis minor muscle length accompanies limited shoulder range of motion except, medial rotation.

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objective: To find out the frequency of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and associated functional li... more Objective: To find out the frequency of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS) and associated functional limitations in computer operators. Materials &Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the premises of DUHS, Ojha campus, Karachi. The duration of study is from 1st Dec 2019 to 29th February 2020.Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTQ) was used to evaluate the frequency of CTS in computer users, total sample size taken was 95, data was collected in the premises of DUHS, Ojha campus including both males and females employs between age group of 25 to 50 years that were working on the current job for more than 2 years, members that were <25 or >50 years were excluded from the study. Results: The study indicated possible association of Symptom severity and functional limitations with respect to age. The frequency of CTS symptoms with moderate to severe severity was 17.9% and 35.8% respectively whereas 46.3% reported mild symptoms. According to functional status s...

Patellofemoral pain syndrome frequently occurs as an anterior knee pain in large population in As... more Patellofemoral pain syndrome frequently occurs as an anterior knee pain in large population in Asia. Effective intervention is required to treat it timely however as shown in evidence kinesiology tape is effective treatment internationally but it’s applicability in Pakistan is not known. The objective of the study was to evaluate the use of kinesiology tape in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome in Karachi Pakistan.A cross sectional survey was conducted at multi centers of Karachi using non probability purposive sampling technique. To gather data on demographic variables self-administrated questionnaire was used. All categorical variables were presented through frequencies and percentages. Application of Chi-square test was taken into the account to catch out association between use of kinesiology tape in PFPS and other categorical variables. The results show that (43.75%) of the participants use kinesiology tape in the management of patellofemoral pain syndrome. And 66 o...

Background: Dysmenorrhea is broadly defined as pain during menstruation nearly frequent symptoms ... more Background: Dysmenorrhea is broadly defined as pain during menstruation nearly frequent symptoms is lower abdominal cramps, back pain, nausea, headache and depression. Dysmenorrhea is categorized into two subtypes that are Primary Dysmenorrhea and Secondary Dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea is most commonly found in adolescent and young adult group with no underlying pelvic pathology. Symptoms usually subside within three days of menstrual cycle. Affected Females extremely restrict their physical activities in these days. Dysmenorrhea induces negative impact on quality of life of affected females. This may have now the major reason behind absentees of female students in academics and working women in their work places. Objective The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of primary dysmenorrhea in sample of under graduated female students of Dow University of Health Sciences and evaluate pain intensity with its associated factors that provoke dysmenorrhea. Materials and M...

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders

Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) considered as one of the most common degenerative diseases o... more Background Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) considered as one of the most common degenerative diseases of synovial joint. KOA is mostly managed by physical therapy, focused on pain management, the range of motion and muscle strengthening but muscle flexibility is usually neglected. A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of dynamic soft tissue mobilization (DSTM) in comparison with the proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching in the management of hamstring tightness, reduction of pain intensity and improvement of physical functionality in KOA. Methods Forty eight patients with KOA were randomly allocated to group A receiving DTSM and group B receiving PNF stretching. The cryotherapy and isometric strengthening exercises were also given to both groups. Total treatment duration consisted of 4 weeks, 3 sessions per week and total 12 sessions per patient. Each treatment session comprised of 30 min. At baseline and post treatment, Active knee extension test(AKET), ...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College

Objectives: To determine the recurrence of body disappointment, loss of control and self- related... more Objectives: To determine the recurrence of body disappointment, loss of control and self- related wellbeing in interpose the relationship among body weight and impairments in self-esteem among students of Doctor of Physiotherapy (DPT) in both campuses of IPMR of DUHS, Karachi. Material and Methods: The research was among youthful understudies of the two sexes (boys and girls) of Doctor of Physiotherapy in both campuses of IPMR of Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi. Concluded an overview through the questionnaire (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale according to the sample size of 298 computed through online programming Open Epi. The survey was acknowledged globally and it was standardized questionnaire. The data was assembled by figuring the BMI among body weight understudies of (DPT) and to check the level of self-esteem by Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. The survey conducted from January 2019 to February 2019. Results: Normal weight was adjusted to 18.50 till 24.90 – a total o...

These clinical trials were aimed to study the effectiveness of specific vestibular and propriocep... more These clinical trials were aimed to study the effectiveness of specific vestibular and proprioceptive stimulation to improve gross motor function in cerebral palsy (CP) spastic diplegic children. Methodology: A sample of Twenty six cerebral palsy children was selected in this study. All children were evaluated with GMFM-88, QUEST and Modified Ashworth Scale before and after the intervention. The Sensory Integration Therapy (SIT) was applied for 50 min, 4 days per week for 48 sessions .The experimental SIT therapy was divided into 3 phases of 16 sessions each .i.e. proprioceptive phase, vestibular phase and mixed phase in which tactile stimulation is constant. The activities were selected to give proprioceptive input in phase one, vestibular input in phase two and mixed input of Proprioception and vestibular in phase three along with tactile input. Results: Results indicated marked improvement in gross motor functioning in the enrolled children with p=0.00. Modified Ashworth Scale al...

FUUAST Journal of Biology, Jun 25, 2021

International Journal of Endorsing Health Science Research (IJEHSR), 2021

Background: Fear-avoidance beliefs and signs specifically non-organics are considered the psychol... more Background: Fear-avoidance beliefs and signs specifically non-organics are considered the psychological factors that have been determined in playing a major role in the advancement of prolonged disability. The current study was directed to explore the prevalence of fear-avoidance belief in patients with neck and back pain seeking physiotherapy and identifying the superior level of fear-avoidance beliefs regarding work or bodily performances which causes chronicity and disability in patients. Methodology: An observational study was conducted at the Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Dow University of Health Sciences, Ojha Campus, Karachi-Pakistan, from 1st Dec 2019 to 29th Feb 2020. Standard Fear Avoidance Belief Questionnaire (FAB-Q) was used to assess the fear level. The queries determined from the questionnaire were distributed into two types; FABQ-work-related and FABQ-physical activity-related. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, with a me...

Journal of Rawalpindi Medical College, 2021

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors for ... more Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence and associated factors for temporomandibular joint dysfunction among young adult in Karachi. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in (n=383) subjects with (n=165) males and (n=218) females aged between 18–30 years. The subjects were requested to answer Fonseca’s questionnaires, consisted on ten questions. The collected data sets were analyzed statistically through using the SPSS version 22. Result: A total (n=383) participants, the prevalence of TMD is 66.6%. The participant with TMD (66.6%) show 54.0% mild TMD, 12.0% moderate and 0.5% severe. Women with 61% showing TMD, as compare to men 73.93%. When considering only severe TMD, only women are affected 0.5%. Participant with any level of TMD show marked characteristics: 12.53% considered themselves tense people; 17.5% reported to clench or grind their teeth; 8.88% reported clicking of the temporomandibular joint; 24.28% reported frequent ...

Cleome brachycarpa acknowledged as Ponwar and found very effective against soreness, irritation, ... more Cleome brachycarpa acknowledged as Ponwar and found very effective against soreness, irritation, burning, contagious diseases, white patches of the skin, joint pain, ligaments disorder, bones diseases (arthritis, rheumatism), muscles swelling, skin rash and as an antioxidant. It has unpleasant taste and found chiefly in India, Iran and Pakistan. Its leaves, roots, and flowers were assessed for their medicinal uses and the outcomes were very startling regarding their medicinal compositions. According to the various survey reports Cleome species have admirable medicinal values and the compounds isolated from them would be the great source of new therapeutic goods. Many great pharmacological effects of the plant have been reported. The current assessment is a plentiful interpretation of the traditional, ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological uses of the plant.

Lumbar spine osteoarthritis with 40-85% prevalence, degeneration of spine with remarkable narrowi... more Lumbar spine osteoarthritis with 40-85% prevalence, degeneration of spine with remarkable narrowing of disc space and osteophytes formation trigger pain in lower back. Pain in lower portion of back is now considered to be the second most commonly treated health issue in primary health care setups. This pain causes disability, functional loss and job absentees. Commonly pain is managed pharmacologically by NSAIDS but resulted in severe gastric side effects. The purpose of this trial was to appraise the properties of bromelain and papain, the vegetal proteolytic enzymes, in comparison with standard drug on LBP patients. Forty men and women with lumbar spine osteoarthritis were recruited and divided into group 1, received aceclofenac 100mg tablet b.i.d as standard treatment, group 2, patients treated with aceclofenac 100 mg tablet b.i.d and enzyme supplements 250 mg b.i.d for 6 weeks. All the participants were evaluated for their body mass index, vital signs and liver/kidney enzymes be...

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2016

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2016

Background: Cervical radiculopathy, generally entitle as pinching of the nerves which causes seve... more Background: Cervical radiculopathy, generally entitle as pinching of the nerves which causes severe shooting pain which mostly pass through the shoulder. Along with it causes muscle weakness and numbness into the arm and hand. In majority of the cases, cervical radiculopathy responds well to conservative mode of treatments which incorporate physical therapy with medical management. The aim of this study is to uncover the effective and evidence based conservative treatment of cervical radiculopathy. Method: Randomized controlled trial study conducted from January 2014 to December 2014. Participants were recruited from physiotherapy OPDs of tertiary care hospitals. A total number of, 100 subjects with a ratio of 50 men and 50 women were recruited between the ages of 25 and 55 years with unilateral cervical radiculopathy. Control group received combination of conventional AROM exercises and modalities including TENS and superficial thermotherapy as a treatment while experimental group received manual cervical traction and combination of conventional AROM exercises, modalities including TENS and superficial thermotherapy. For both groups, treatment was designed for two weeks (6 sessions/ week). Improvement in symptoms was assessed by evaluation of both groups on the basis of visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: After 2 weeks of treatment, patients with neck pain showed marked decreased in pain as compared with the control group (P<.001).For pre and post level a paired sample t-test was used and the results with p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Mean difference of 0.94 (VAS) with a significant p-value (P<0.01) was obtained shows the respective improvements in the numeric pain scale scores. Conclusion: Manual cervical traction when used with conventional AROM exercises and modalities were effective methods for decreasing pain in cervical radiculopathy. Recent literature supports such protocols involving multiple interventions. Results of this study also supported the treatment options in cervical radiculopathy in a multimodal approach.

International Journal of Physiotherapy, 2016

Background: Low back pain has been found to be the most prevailing musculoskeletal condition as w... more Background: Low back pain has been found to be the most prevailing musculoskeletal condition as well as a common cause of absence from workplace. Studies report that low back pain is common and accounts for a large number of reported disabilities among nurses. In fact nursing have one of the highest levels of back injury in all occupation groups. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of low back pain among nurses in a public sector teaching hospital of Karachi. This study has mainly focused on confounding factors leading to low back pain and level of education among nurses regarding patients handling or shifting techniques. Methods: A self-administered questionnaires comprises of three sections, were used to collect data. The first section requested for socio-demographic information, followed by medical history of back pain during last month and during last year.The second section assessed the medical history of LBP in two categories i.e. during last month and during last year.The third and last section inquired about participants' level of education about ergonomics with simply in yes or no pattern.The questionnaires were given to 100 nurses. All questionnaires were completed in the presence of the researcher. Out of 100 questionnaires distributed and recorded, only 47 participants returned the questionnaire. Results: Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0 was used for statistical analysis. Relationship between the prevalence of low back pain and training in patient moving techniques, manual material handling techniques is significant (p=0.017,p= 0.068). There is a weak relationship with the knowledge of ergonomics, biomechanics and back pain preventive measures (p=0.719,p=0.457,p=0.704). Conclusion: More than two third of the participated nurses were well trained in transfer techniques, manual material training and preventive measures of back pain. But they lack the biomechanical knowledge. The prevalence of back pain is more in the nurses and nursing students in public sector teaching hospitals of Karachi.The relationship between level of education about manual material handling/shifting techniques and frequency of low back pain has been established as well.