Iskandar Muhammad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Iskandar Muhammad
TURKDERM, 2020
Pakidermoperiostozis (PDP) kaba yüz görünümüne sebep olabilen bir primer hipertrofik osteoartropa... more Pakidermoperiostozis (PDP) kaba yüz görünümüne sebep olabilen bir primer hipertrofik osteoartropatidir. Bu çalışmada, frontal bölgedeki kaba deri katlantılarının görünümü nedeniyle tarafımıza başvuran PDP'li bir hastaya basit deri eksizyonu ve periostal sütürler ile yapılan tedavinin sonuçları sunulmaktadır.
SiSli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bulteni / The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Hospital, 2016
Sentinel lymph node biopsy for skin tumors Objective: Nodal involvement is important for the prog... more Sentinel lymph node biopsy for skin tumors Objective: Nodal involvement is important for the prognosis in skin cancers. In the absence of palpable lymph nodes or when the nodal involvement is suspicious, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the preferred method instead of agrressive regional lymph node dissection. In our study we aimed to share our experience regarding SLNB in malignant skin tumors. Material and Method: From August 2009 to August 2015, 30 patients (17 male, 13 female) aged between 21-81, who underwent SLNB, were analysed retrospectively. Results: Thirty-three SLNBs were performed in 30 patients. In all procedures sentinel lymph node was identified and excised successfully. Eight positive sentinel lymph nodes were obtained. Four patients, who had negative SLNB previously, developed symptoms on behalf of metastasis on followup, and underwent therapeutic lymph node dissection. Conclusion: Patients, who have no clinical evidence of nodal involvement but suspicion of nodal status, should undergo SLNB procedure, which has a low morbidity and complication rate.
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 2016
Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of... more Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of the population and is associated with emotional stress, behavioral disturbances, and social restrictions in relationships. Conchal hypertrphy, inadequate formation of antihelical fold, earlobe placement ahead than it should be, or various combinations of these changes are main characteristics of PD. Many surgical techniques have been described for the PD. The authors' aim was to present laterally based postauricular dermal flap combination with cartilage-sparing methods and effectiveness of this technique in suture extrusion prevention and reducing the rate of recurrence with long-term results. Methods: Forty-one patients had bilateral and 6 patients had unilateral PD, a total of 47 patients with a mean age of 14.48 were operated by using this combined procedure. A laterally based supraperichondrial dermal flap was prepared from a deepithelized elliptical postauricular incision. Mustarde and Furnas suture techniques were used solely for PD correction. The dissected laterally based dermal flap was fixed to the mastoid bone with sutures in stretched position after reshaping the auricular cartilage with sutures. Results: The average helix-mastoid distance was (mm) 16.28 AE 2.36, concha-mastoid angle was 25.71 AE 0.968 on 12month measurements. The helix-mastoid distance showed an increase of 1 to 3 mm, in the concha-mastoid angle measurements of 18 to 28. Statistically significant changes were observed between the average preoperative, postoperative 1. month, postoperative 12. month helix-mastoid distances (mm), and month concha-mastoid angle (8) measurements (P ¼ 0.0001). Conclusions: The laterally based postauricular dermal flap technique is an effective method to prevent suture extrusion and recurrence which are the most important complications of otoplasty procedure and easy to apply.
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 2016
Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of... more Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of the population and is associated with emotional stress, behavioral disturbances, and social restrictions in relationships. Conchal hypertrphy, inadequate formation of antihelical fold, earlobe placement ahead than it should be, or various combinations of these changes are main characteristics of PD. Many surgical techniques have been described for the PD. The authors' aim was to present laterally based postauricular dermal flap combination with cartilage-sparing methods and effectiveness of this technique in suture extrusion prevention and reducing the rate of recurrence with long-term results. Methods: Forty-one patients had bilateral and 6 patients had unilateral PD, a total of 47 patients with a mean age of 14.48 were operated by using this combined procedure. A laterally based supraperichondrial dermal flap was prepared from a deepithelized elliptical postauricular incision. Mustarde and Furnas suture techniques were used solely for PD correction. The dissected laterally based dermal flap was fixed to the mastoid bone with sutures in stretched position after reshaping the auricular cartilage with sutures. Results: The average helix-mastoid distance was (mm) 16.28 AE 2.36, concha-mastoid angle was 25.71 AE 0.968 on 12month measurements. The helix-mastoid distance showed an increase of 1 to 3 mm, in the concha-mastoid angle measurements of 18 to 28. Statistically significant changes were observed between the average preoperative, postoperative 1. month, postoperative 12. month helix-mastoid distances (mm), and month concha-mastoid angle (8) measurements (P ¼ 0.0001). Conclusions: The laterally based postauricular dermal flap technique is an effective method to prevent suture extrusion and recurrence which are the most important complications of otoplasty procedure and easy to apply.
Water supports all forms of life and affects our health, lifestyle, and economic well being. Wate... more Water supports all forms of life and affects our health, lifestyle, and economic well being. Water is also a resource that has many uses, including recreational, transportation, hydroelectric power, domestic, industrial, and commercial uses. Although more than three quarters of the earth's surface is made up of water, only 2.8% of the Earth's water is available for human consumption. Water demand in Malaysia has shift to 60% increase from 9543 MLD in 1995 to 15285 WD in 2010. So, treatment of water is important for human needs and considered as a long term mission for sustainable earth. In the intention to reduce water pollution, treatment for domestic wastewater treatment is done such as biofiltration as one of the alternative. Biofilter is easy to operate, reliable, and a cost-saving system to be implemented. There are many biofilters in studies nowadays but mostly the system fails when been implemented at site although it shows effective results during pilot test. The purpose of this research is to further harness the potential and capability of biofiltration to be used at site to comply with standards of Environmental Quality Act, 1974. Domestic wastewater is produced from kitchens, bathrooms and laundries in residential homes and from various commercial and industrial sources. The location of this study which is cafeteria has effluent discharge that is polluted due to poor wastewater management. This leads to dirty water discharged into Sungai Belat. The biofiltration zone consists of activated carbon, high capacity soils and healthy microbes from mud ball. The parameter that is used is study is based on Environmental Quality Act 1974. The parameters are pH, electric conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, Ammoniacal-Nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, total coliform, E.Coli, and oil & grease.
Turk Plastik Rekonstruktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi, Dec 25, 2013
Giris Sarkoidoz vucuttaki tum organlari tutabilen, etyolojisi kesin olarak bilinmeyen sistemik in... more Giris Sarkoidoz vucuttaki tum organlari tutabilen, etyolojisi kesin olarak bilinmeyen sistemik inflamatuar bir hastaliktir. Bireyin immun sistemi bakteriyel veya idyopatik olarak inflamatuar hucre birikimi ve granulasyon dokusu olusmasini saglamaktadir. Gec baslayan artritler, sarkoidoz gelisimini takiben 6 ay sonra baslar. Gec baslangicli artritlerde eklem semptomlari daha az olmak kaydi ile kronik cilt tutulum bulgulari daha fazla saptanmaktadir(7). Kronik inflamasyon kikirdak yuzeyinde hasara ve kemik korteksinde mikrofrakturlere yol acar, ki bu da kemik yapinin incelmesine, osteopeniye neden olmaktadir. Olgu: Kirkuc yasinda bayan hasta sag el 5. parmak dorsal yuzde zone III’e uyan lojda, 9 ay once baslayan ve zamanla artis gosteren morarma ve agri ve fleksiyon kontrakturune bagli hareket kisitliligi nedeni ile klinigimize basvurdu. Yapilan degerlendirmesinde hipertansiyon disinda sistemik bulgu saptanmadi. El muayenesinde sag el 5. parmak midfalanks seviyesi dorsal yuzde hareketle artan agri, yuzuk parmakta Butonnierre deformitesi saptandi Tartisma: Elde kitle, proksimal falanks destruksiyonuna bagli fonksiyonel kisitlilikta, gecirilmis travma, dejeneratif artritler, otoimmun artiritler, enkondrom, kondrosarkom, osteosarkom, kemik tuberkulozu ve nadir de olsa metastatik tumorler, sarkoidoz akilda bulundurulmasi gereken durumlardandir.
Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2015
Background: Most practitioners in plastic surgery believe that blunt tipped cannulae are safer. I... more Background: Most practitioners in plastic surgery believe that blunt tipped cannulae are safer. Interestingly, there is no study about their safety, and the problem is exactly this. As the use of blunt tipped cannulae is somehow difficult, some surgeons try other extreme alternatives, such as sharp and cutting tipped injection needles. But, they can cause complications such as vessel damage. According to these hypotheses, we tried to design a cannula which would ease the application of lipofilling and which would minimise the trauma. Contrary to the injection needle, the tips of the cannula would be blunter, and trauma would be diminished. Objectives: After designing such a cannula, we compared it with the most frequently used Coleman type cannulae with regard to ease in utilisation, and safety. We also tried to evaluate the potential for trauma, of the regularly used cannulae. Materials and Methods: In the first part, the penetration capacity of all cannulae was measured and compar...
Türkiye Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 2010
Toplumda s›kça görülen temporamandibular rahats›zl›klarda (TMR) konservatif tedavi ile sonuç al›n... more Toplumda s›kça görülen temporamandibular rahats›zl›klarda (TMR) konservatif tedavi ile sonuç al›namazsa cerrahi giriflimlere baflvurulabilir. Cerrahi giriflimler aras›nda artrosentez, artroskopik giriflimler, aç›k eklem cerrahisi ile anatomik restorasyon en s›k kullan›lan cerrahi ifllemlerdir. Temporomandibular eklemde yap›lacak cerrahi giriflimler, çok özellikli bir yap›ya sahip olan eklemin yeniden yap›land›r›lmas›n› amaçlamal›d›r. TMR tedavisinin bir ekip ifli oldu¤u ve baflar›l› cerrahi giriflimlerin öncesinde ol-du¤u gibi sonras›nda da tedavisinin sürmesi gerekti¤i unutulmamal›d›r.
Contributions to Indian Sociology, 1988
... Search this journal. Advanced Journal Search ». Articles: Vinod K. Jairath. Political Economy... more ... Search this journal. Advanced Journal Search ». Articles: Vinod K. Jairath. Political Economy of the Indian State: The Rudolph Thesis Contributions to Indian Sociology July 1988 22: 282-283, doi:10.1177/006996688022002010. ...
Chemical Physics, 1978
Extensive classical trajectory calculations are reported for the system F + HD-r HF + D or DF f H... more Extensive classical trajectory calculations are reported for the system F + HD-r HF + D or DF f H, over a wide variety of initial conditions. The results of these computations are used to assess the utility of the information theoretic approach to the prediction of the initial-state dependence of the branching ratio, f~piDF_ Two distinct forms for the information theoretic branching ratio are considered, corresponding to two different choices of constraints upon the transition probobility matrix. The constraints In question are the "model" constrahrt employed by Kaplan and Levine, and the "direct" constraint, a generalisation of that introduced by Levine and Kosloff_ The two forms of information theory give satisfactory predictions under selected (differing) Initial conditions. Neither form is clearly superior. In particular, both fail to predict the observed trend of I'DP~DF with initial rotational state.!, for the case of thermally averaged Initial translational energies. This failure is Iinked to an important "interbranch constraint" not incorporated in the theory, stemming from the different activation energies for formation of the two products.
SiSli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bulteni / The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Hospital, 2017
A new umbilicoplasty technique for forming an umbilical chalice with key and hole pattern flaps O... more A new umbilicoplasty technique for forming an umbilical chalice with key and hole pattern flaps Objective: The umbilicus is a significant component of the abdomen. The size, position, depth, and shape of the umbilicus, as well as the location of the scar, are very important. While various techniques have been described in order to obtain an aesthetically appealing umbilicus, surgeons still frequently encounter complications such as visible scars and scar contractures. We present a technique that can avoid these complications while also fulfilling the aesthetic umbilicus criteria. Materials and Methods: Between 2011 and 2014, 18 female patients underwent both abdominoplasty and umbilicoplasty, which was performed using our technique. During abdominoplasty, the umbilicus was separated from the abdominal skin as a three-armed star and inserted in a Y-shaped incision. The patients were asked to evaluate and rate their new umbilici in terms of shape, depth, location, and scaring. Results: The mean follow up period was 20 months. No umbilical complications, such as hypertrophic scarring, were observed. In general, 80% of the patients gave the procedure an 8-point rating out of a possible high of 10-point rating, indicating their satisfaction with the results. Conclusion: In this described technique, the umbilicus is small, shallow, and oval, and the scar is less visible. The incidence of the most frequent complications, such as scar contracture and umbilical stenosis, occurs less often in our safe and versatile technique.
TURKDERM, 2020
Pakidermoperiostozis (PDP) kaba yüz görünümüne sebep olabilen bir primer hipertrofik osteoartropa... more Pakidermoperiostozis (PDP) kaba yüz görünümüne sebep olabilen bir primer hipertrofik osteoartropatidir. Bu çalışmada, frontal bölgedeki kaba deri katlantılarının görünümü nedeniyle tarafımıza başvuran PDP'li bir hastaya basit deri eksizyonu ve periostal sütürler ile yapılan tedavinin sonuçları sunulmaktadır.
SiSli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bulteni / The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Hospital, 2016
Sentinel lymph node biopsy for skin tumors Objective: Nodal involvement is important for the prog... more Sentinel lymph node biopsy for skin tumors Objective: Nodal involvement is important for the prognosis in skin cancers. In the absence of palpable lymph nodes or when the nodal involvement is suspicious, sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the preferred method instead of agrressive regional lymph node dissection. In our study we aimed to share our experience regarding SLNB in malignant skin tumors. Material and Method: From August 2009 to August 2015, 30 patients (17 male, 13 female) aged between 21-81, who underwent SLNB, were analysed retrospectively. Results: Thirty-three SLNBs were performed in 30 patients. In all procedures sentinel lymph node was identified and excised successfully. Eight positive sentinel lymph nodes were obtained. Four patients, who had negative SLNB previously, developed symptoms on behalf of metastasis on followup, and underwent therapeutic lymph node dissection. Conclusion: Patients, who have no clinical evidence of nodal involvement but suspicion of nodal status, should undergo SLNB procedure, which has a low morbidity and complication rate.
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 2016
Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of... more Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of the population and is associated with emotional stress, behavioral disturbances, and social restrictions in relationships. Conchal hypertrphy, inadequate formation of antihelical fold, earlobe placement ahead than it should be, or various combinations of these changes are main characteristics of PD. Many surgical techniques have been described for the PD. The authors' aim was to present laterally based postauricular dermal flap combination with cartilage-sparing methods and effectiveness of this technique in suture extrusion prevention and reducing the rate of recurrence with long-term results. Methods: Forty-one patients had bilateral and 6 patients had unilateral PD, a total of 47 patients with a mean age of 14.48 were operated by using this combined procedure. A laterally based supraperichondrial dermal flap was prepared from a deepithelized elliptical postauricular incision. Mustarde and Furnas suture techniques were used solely for PD correction. The dissected laterally based dermal flap was fixed to the mastoid bone with sutures in stretched position after reshaping the auricular cartilage with sutures. Results: The average helix-mastoid distance was (mm) 16.28 AE 2.36, concha-mastoid angle was 25.71 AE 0.968 on 12month measurements. The helix-mastoid distance showed an increase of 1 to 3 mm, in the concha-mastoid angle measurements of 18 to 28. Statistically significant changes were observed between the average preoperative, postoperative 1. month, postoperative 12. month helix-mastoid distances (mm), and month concha-mastoid angle (8) measurements (P ¼ 0.0001). Conclusions: The laterally based postauricular dermal flap technique is an effective method to prevent suture extrusion and recurrence which are the most important complications of otoplasty procedure and easy to apply.
Journal of Craniofacial Surgery, 2016
Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of... more Background: Prominent ear deformity (PD) is an unacceptable condition of pinna that affects 5% of the population and is associated with emotional stress, behavioral disturbances, and social restrictions in relationships. Conchal hypertrphy, inadequate formation of antihelical fold, earlobe placement ahead than it should be, or various combinations of these changes are main characteristics of PD. Many surgical techniques have been described for the PD. The authors' aim was to present laterally based postauricular dermal flap combination with cartilage-sparing methods and effectiveness of this technique in suture extrusion prevention and reducing the rate of recurrence with long-term results. Methods: Forty-one patients had bilateral and 6 patients had unilateral PD, a total of 47 patients with a mean age of 14.48 were operated by using this combined procedure. A laterally based supraperichondrial dermal flap was prepared from a deepithelized elliptical postauricular incision. Mustarde and Furnas suture techniques were used solely for PD correction. The dissected laterally based dermal flap was fixed to the mastoid bone with sutures in stretched position after reshaping the auricular cartilage with sutures. Results: The average helix-mastoid distance was (mm) 16.28 AE 2.36, concha-mastoid angle was 25.71 AE 0.968 on 12month measurements. The helix-mastoid distance showed an increase of 1 to 3 mm, in the concha-mastoid angle measurements of 18 to 28. Statistically significant changes were observed between the average preoperative, postoperative 1. month, postoperative 12. month helix-mastoid distances (mm), and month concha-mastoid angle (8) measurements (P ¼ 0.0001). Conclusions: The laterally based postauricular dermal flap technique is an effective method to prevent suture extrusion and recurrence which are the most important complications of otoplasty procedure and easy to apply.
Water supports all forms of life and affects our health, lifestyle, and economic well being. Wate... more Water supports all forms of life and affects our health, lifestyle, and economic well being. Water is also a resource that has many uses, including recreational, transportation, hydroelectric power, domestic, industrial, and commercial uses. Although more than three quarters of the earth's surface is made up of water, only 2.8% of the Earth's water is available for human consumption. Water demand in Malaysia has shift to 60% increase from 9543 MLD in 1995 to 15285 WD in 2010. So, treatment of water is important for human needs and considered as a long term mission for sustainable earth. In the intention to reduce water pollution, treatment for domestic wastewater treatment is done such as biofiltration as one of the alternative. Biofilter is easy to operate, reliable, and a cost-saving system to be implemented. There are many biofilters in studies nowadays but mostly the system fails when been implemented at site although it shows effective results during pilot test. The purpose of this research is to further harness the potential and capability of biofiltration to be used at site to comply with standards of Environmental Quality Act, 1974. Domestic wastewater is produced from kitchens, bathrooms and laundries in residential homes and from various commercial and industrial sources. The location of this study which is cafeteria has effluent discharge that is polluted due to poor wastewater management. This leads to dirty water discharged into Sungai Belat. The biofiltration zone consists of activated carbon, high capacity soils and healthy microbes from mud ball. The parameter that is used is study is based on Environmental Quality Act 1974. The parameters are pH, electric conductivity, turbidity, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, Ammoniacal-Nitrogen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, total coliform, E.Coli, and oil & grease.
Turk Plastik Rekonstruktif Ve Estetik Cerrahi Dergisi, Dec 25, 2013
Giris Sarkoidoz vucuttaki tum organlari tutabilen, etyolojisi kesin olarak bilinmeyen sistemik in... more Giris Sarkoidoz vucuttaki tum organlari tutabilen, etyolojisi kesin olarak bilinmeyen sistemik inflamatuar bir hastaliktir. Bireyin immun sistemi bakteriyel veya idyopatik olarak inflamatuar hucre birikimi ve granulasyon dokusu olusmasini saglamaktadir. Gec baslayan artritler, sarkoidoz gelisimini takiben 6 ay sonra baslar. Gec baslangicli artritlerde eklem semptomlari daha az olmak kaydi ile kronik cilt tutulum bulgulari daha fazla saptanmaktadir(7). Kronik inflamasyon kikirdak yuzeyinde hasara ve kemik korteksinde mikrofrakturlere yol acar, ki bu da kemik yapinin incelmesine, osteopeniye neden olmaktadir. Olgu: Kirkuc yasinda bayan hasta sag el 5. parmak dorsal yuzde zone III’e uyan lojda, 9 ay once baslayan ve zamanla artis gosteren morarma ve agri ve fleksiyon kontrakturune bagli hareket kisitliligi nedeni ile klinigimize basvurdu. Yapilan degerlendirmesinde hipertansiyon disinda sistemik bulgu saptanmadi. El muayenesinde sag el 5. parmak midfalanks seviyesi dorsal yuzde hareketle artan agri, yuzuk parmakta Butonnierre deformitesi saptandi Tartisma: Elde kitle, proksimal falanks destruksiyonuna bagli fonksiyonel kisitlilikta, gecirilmis travma, dejeneratif artritler, otoimmun artiritler, enkondrom, kondrosarkom, osteosarkom, kemik tuberkulozu ve nadir de olsa metastatik tumorler, sarkoidoz akilda bulundurulmasi gereken durumlardandir.
Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery, 2015
Background: Most practitioners in plastic surgery believe that blunt tipped cannulae are safer. I... more Background: Most practitioners in plastic surgery believe that blunt tipped cannulae are safer. Interestingly, there is no study about their safety, and the problem is exactly this. As the use of blunt tipped cannulae is somehow difficult, some surgeons try other extreme alternatives, such as sharp and cutting tipped injection needles. But, they can cause complications such as vessel damage. According to these hypotheses, we tried to design a cannula which would ease the application of lipofilling and which would minimise the trauma. Contrary to the injection needle, the tips of the cannula would be blunter, and trauma would be diminished. Objectives: After designing such a cannula, we compared it with the most frequently used Coleman type cannulae with regard to ease in utilisation, and safety. We also tried to evaluate the potential for trauma, of the regularly used cannulae. Materials and Methods: In the first part, the penetration capacity of all cannulae was measured and compar...
Türkiye Fiziksel Tıp ve Rehabilitasyon Dergisi, 2010
Toplumda s›kça görülen temporamandibular rahats›zl›klarda (TMR) konservatif tedavi ile sonuç al›n... more Toplumda s›kça görülen temporamandibular rahats›zl›klarda (TMR) konservatif tedavi ile sonuç al›namazsa cerrahi giriflimlere baflvurulabilir. Cerrahi giriflimler aras›nda artrosentez, artroskopik giriflimler, aç›k eklem cerrahisi ile anatomik restorasyon en s›k kullan›lan cerrahi ifllemlerdir. Temporomandibular eklemde yap›lacak cerrahi giriflimler, çok özellikli bir yap›ya sahip olan eklemin yeniden yap›land›r›lmas›n› amaçlamal›d›r. TMR tedavisinin bir ekip ifli oldu¤u ve baflar›l› cerrahi giriflimlerin öncesinde ol-du¤u gibi sonras›nda da tedavisinin sürmesi gerekti¤i unutulmamal›d›r.
Contributions to Indian Sociology, 1988
... Search this journal. Advanced Journal Search ». Articles: Vinod K. Jairath. Political Economy... more ... Search this journal. Advanced Journal Search ». Articles: Vinod K. Jairath. Political Economy of the Indian State: The Rudolph Thesis Contributions to Indian Sociology July 1988 22: 282-283, doi:10.1177/006996688022002010. ...
Chemical Physics, 1978
Extensive classical trajectory calculations are reported for the system F + HD-r HF + D or DF f H... more Extensive classical trajectory calculations are reported for the system F + HD-r HF + D or DF f H, over a wide variety of initial conditions. The results of these computations are used to assess the utility of the information theoretic approach to the prediction of the initial-state dependence of the branching ratio, f~piDF_ Two distinct forms for the information theoretic branching ratio are considered, corresponding to two different choices of constraints upon the transition probobility matrix. The constraints In question are the "model" constrahrt employed by Kaplan and Levine, and the "direct" constraint, a generalisation of that introduced by Levine and Kosloff_ The two forms of information theory give satisfactory predictions under selected (differing) Initial conditions. Neither form is clearly superior. In particular, both fail to predict the observed trend of I'DP~DF with initial rotational state.!, for the case of thermally averaged Initial translational energies. This failure is Iinked to an important "interbranch constraint" not incorporated in the theory, stemming from the different activation energies for formation of the two products.
SiSli Etfal Hastanesi Tip Bulteni / The Medical Bulletin of Sisli Hospital, 2017
A new umbilicoplasty technique for forming an umbilical chalice with key and hole pattern flaps O... more A new umbilicoplasty technique for forming an umbilical chalice with key and hole pattern flaps Objective: The umbilicus is a significant component of the abdomen. The size, position, depth, and shape of the umbilicus, as well as the location of the scar, are very important. While various techniques have been described in order to obtain an aesthetically appealing umbilicus, surgeons still frequently encounter complications such as visible scars and scar contractures. We present a technique that can avoid these complications while also fulfilling the aesthetic umbilicus criteria. Materials and Methods: Between 2011 and 2014, 18 female patients underwent both abdominoplasty and umbilicoplasty, which was performed using our technique. During abdominoplasty, the umbilicus was separated from the abdominal skin as a three-armed star and inserted in a Y-shaped incision. The patients were asked to evaluate and rate their new umbilici in terms of shape, depth, location, and scaring. Results: The mean follow up period was 20 months. No umbilical complications, such as hypertrophic scarring, were observed. In general, 80% of the patients gave the procedure an 8-point rating out of a possible high of 10-point rating, indicating their satisfaction with the results. Conclusion: In this described technique, the umbilicus is small, shallow, and oval, and the scar is less visible. The incidence of the most frequent complications, such as scar contracture and umbilical stenosis, occurs less often in our safe and versatile technique.