Isma Khurshid - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Isma Khurshid

Advances in Entomology, 2021

Cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae) is one of the important insect pests of cabbage crop w... more Cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae) is one of the important insect pests of cabbage crop which causes remarkable quantitative or qualitative crop losses. The research was conducted at Hazara Agricultural research station, Abbottabad (Pakistan) to study the effect of different new chemical insecticides, botanical oil and neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on the population density of P. brassicae. The study showed that neem oil had a significant effect on population of P. brassicae in comparison to control treatment. So, neem oil alone or in combination with insecticides can be used for control of P. brassicae in vegetable crops for a safer food supply.

Experiments were conducted to investigate the prevalence of Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella... more Experiments were conducted to investigate the prevalence of Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and to compare the efficacy of synthetic insecticides (Emamectin benzoate, Lufenuron and Lannate) and botanical extracts (Bakain & Neem) for the management of Plutella xylostella larvae in cauliflower during the year, 2012 at Agricultural Research Station Baffa Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for laboratory bioassays while the field experiments were carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Leaf dip bioassays were conducted to compare the relative effectiveness of the insecticides against larvae after 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours in laboratory. The results revealed that

Advances in Life Science and Technology, 2015

The research was conducted at Hazara Agricultural Research Station Abbottabad and Agricultural Re... more The research was conducted at Hazara Agricultural Research Station Abbottabad and Agricultural Research Center Haripur during the year 2013 and 2014 in two sowing seasons. The purpose of present study was to find the Vg,Vp,Ve,PCV,GCV,heritability(Hb) and Genetic Advance(GA) for the traits :Number of flowers per cluster(fpc),number of fruits per cluster(frpc),fruit length(frl),fruit diameter(frd) ,fruit size(frs), plant height(pl.ht) ,Number of fruits per plant(nof),fruit weight(fwt) and yield per plant(yield/pl). Yield per plant showed highest value of Vg(92698) and Vp (221588) and Fruits/cluster, fruit length, fruit diameter and flowers per cluster showed lowest value of Vg and Vp. For all the traits PCV value was higher than GCV. Little difference was found among GCVand PCV for the traits like plant height, fruit diameter, fruit size and fruit weight. There is high difference between GCV and PCV for the parameters like Number fruit per clusters, Number of flowers per cluster...

The present in vitro experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the various concentrat... more The present in vitro experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the various concentrations of sucrose on potato plantlets growth and microtuberization. It was observed that increasing sucrose level in the media influenced the plant growth negatively. 3% sucrose concentration in the medium showed comparatively early root/shoot emergence and highest mean root and shoot length (6.16 cm and 8.28 cm, respectively) with greater number of nodes (7.90). However, regarding microtubers (Mt) formation, treatment with 8% sucrose concentration has higher microtubers number with larger size (mean diameter 6.84mm). The mean weight of Mt was also highest (97.0mg) at 8 % sucrose concentration followed by T1 (70.00mg). It has been concluded on the basis of results that MS medium supplemented with 8% sucrose level and without any growth hormone is the best for in vitro microtuber formation in potato. * Corresponding Author: Zishan Gul  gul.zishan@gmail.com International Journal of Agronomy...

Studies for the field evaluation of potato varietal response towards Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and ... more Studies for the field evaluation of potato varietal response towards Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and its associated natural enemies were carried out at Hazara Agricultural Research Station, Abbottabad by using 5 potato varieties (Desiree, Cardinal, FDI-4, diamond and Dura) each replicated 5 times. The experiment laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. The data revealed that aphids infestation was found invariably on all five varieties started during last week of March 2005 (1 observation). The peak population of 29.38 aphids per st leaf attained during 3 week of May (22 May). Two species of Coccinellids, were identified, Coccinellids rd nd septempunctata and Harmonia dimidiate. The predominant specie, C septempunctata first appeared during 24 April with a mean number of 0.05 beetle /leaf. At the time, when aphid population started to increase the th peak population of C. septempunctata was recorded (0.75 beetle/leaf) on the 22 of May. The mean population nd of Harmonia was very lo...

Agricultural Sciences, 2017

Hybrid cotton production through exploitation of heterosis is the only way for having vertical im... more Hybrid cotton production through exploitation of heterosis is the only way for having vertical improvement and betterment in seed cotton yield which has been stagnated in the recent years. The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of F 2 population for studying mean performance, heterotic effects and inbreeding depression in upland cotton for polygenic traits. Parental genotypes and their F 2 s were sown at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar during 2010, manually. All the traits revealed highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) variations for both parents and their F 2 hybrids. Mean performance for parents and their F 2 hybrids is: (5.26 to 7.12 & 4.43 to 6.60) seeds locule −1 , (21.10 to 28.03 & 20.40 to 28.50) seed boll −1 , (32.20 to 34.80 & 32.22 to 35.05) lint% and (62.87 to 85.47 & 45.94 to 92.04) seed cotton yield plant −1 , respectively. Heterotic effects found over mid parent and better parent were: 66.66% & 46.66% (seeds locule −1), 60% & 30% (seed boll −1), 43.33% & 30% (lint %) and 36.66% & 16.66% (seed cotton yield plant −1), respectively. For the parameters: seeds locule −1 (11 & 10), seeds boll −1 (2 & 1) and seed cotton yield plant −1 (3 & 1) showed positive highly significant heterosis for both mid and better parent, respectively while lint% did not reveal any positive significant heterosis. F 2 populations i.e. CIM-499 × CIM-554 and CIM-554 × CIM-499 revealed highly significant heterotic effects over mid and better parent for all the traits except lint % while CIM-554 × CIM-707 showed highly significant heterotic effects for seeds locule −1 and seed cotton yield palnt −1. Positive economic heterotic effects were also exhibited by more than 50% of the F 2 population i.e., 76.66% for seed locule −1 , 50% for seeds boll −1 , 3.33% for lint% and 20% for seed cotton yield plant −1 , respectively.

Pakistan journal of zoology

These studies were conducted at farmer's fields in Mardan district during the cropping season 200... more These studies were conducted at farmer's fields in Mardan district during the cropping season 2008-2009 to investigate the efficacy and potentiality of inundative and inoculative release methods of Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) for the management of sugarcane borers. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. There were three treatments and four replications in each treatment. The data revealed that both inundative and inoculative release methods of T. chilonis were more effective as compared with the control throughout the entire growing season. Inundative release method of T. chilonis was found the most effective technique against Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) infestation in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops with minimum mean percent infestation of 3.50 and 6.50 respectively. This was followed by Inoculative release method, where 6.75 and 10.00 mean percent infestation was recorded in sugarcane plant and ratoon crops respectively. Maximum infestation was recorded in control plots with mean percent infestation of 7.87 and 12.75 in sugarcane plant and ratoon crops respectively. The data further revealed that inundative release method of T. chilonis in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops also effectively controlled Acigona steniellus (Hamp) with minimum borer's infestation by recording 3.25 and 3.37 mean percent infestations in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops respectively. It was followed by the plots where T. chilonis were released as inoculative release method, where 4.87 and 6.25 mean percent infestation was recorded in sugarcane plant and ratoon crop respectively. Control plots showed maximum A. steniellus infestation in plant crop (7.27%) and ratoon crop (7.65%). The data further showed that no Scirpophaga nivella Fabric infestation was recorded in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops. Maximum yield of sugarcane was recorded in both plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane in plots treated with inundative release method (101.5t/ha in plant crop and 69.25 t/ha in ratoon crop) followed by inoculative release method (95.84t/ha in plant crop and 63.14t/ha in ratoon crop). The lowest yield of sugarcane was recorded in control (91.14 t/ha and 58.33 t/ha).

Field experiment was conducted to find out the comparative efficacy of different commercial insec... more Field experiment was conducted to find out the comparative efficacy of different commercial insecticides for the control of aphids, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Homoptera: Aphididae) and to study the resistance level of the newly released maize variety (Jalal) to the farmers for general cultivation in comparison with the two commonly grown corn cultivars (Azam and Sarhad white). Experiment was laid down in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included; seed dresser (Imidacloprid TM), granular application (Carbofuran TM) and foliar spray (Methamidophos TM), each in recommended and half of the recommended doses. Aphid's population data were recorded on weekly intervals for each treatment upon the varieties. Seed dresser, granules application and foliar spray significantly reduced aphid infestation from 1 st week to 4 th week as compared to control. Recommended dose of all of the insecticides significantly minimized the aphid's population as compared to half doses. The newly released cultivar 'Jalal' showed comparatively more resistance to the aphid's infestation as compared to 'Azam' and 'Sarhad White' suggested that the old cultivars have almost lost their resistance against the available strains of aphids. Similarly recommended dose of seed dressing resulted in maximum grain yield (2841 kg ha-1) followed by the recommended dose of foliar spray, whereas; minimum grain yield (2678 kg ha-1) was recorded in control plots. Maize variety 'Jalal' produced higher grain yield (2857 kg ha-1) followed by 'Azam' (2818 kg ha-1). Outcome of the experiment suggested that 'Jalal' is not only a productive variety but also proven tolerant to aphids compared to the existing two corn varieties (Azam and Sarhad White). Thus these findings provided a tool to focus on the use of recommended doses of Imidacloprid TM as seed dresser with low toxicity and environmental safety for early protection, good plant vigor and greater yield. The same variety can be used in the development of potential hybrid or varieties breeding.

Advances in Entomology, 2021

Cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae) is one of the important insect pests of cabbage crop w... more Cabbage white butterfly (Pieris brassicae) is one of the important insect pests of cabbage crop which causes remarkable quantitative or qualitative crop losses. The research was conducted at Hazara Agricultural research station, Abbottabad (Pakistan) to study the effect of different new chemical insecticides, botanical oil and neem seed oil (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) on the population density of P. brassicae. The study showed that neem oil had a significant effect on population of P. brassicae in comparison to control treatment. So, neem oil alone or in combination with insecticides can be used for control of P. brassicae in vegetable crops for a safer food supply.

Experiments were conducted to investigate the prevalence of Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella... more Experiments were conducted to investigate the prevalence of Diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella) and to compare the efficacy of synthetic insecticides (Emamectin benzoate, Lufenuron and Lannate) and botanical extracts (Bakain & Neem) for the management of Plutella xylostella larvae in cauliflower during the year, 2012 at Agricultural Research Station Baffa Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for laboratory bioassays while the field experiments were carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). Leaf dip bioassays were conducted to compare the relative effectiveness of the insecticides against larvae after 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours in laboratory. The results revealed that

Advances in Life Science and Technology, 2015

The research was conducted at Hazara Agricultural Research Station Abbottabad and Agricultural Re... more The research was conducted at Hazara Agricultural Research Station Abbottabad and Agricultural Research Center Haripur during the year 2013 and 2014 in two sowing seasons. The purpose of present study was to find the Vg,Vp,Ve,PCV,GCV,heritability(Hb) and Genetic Advance(GA) for the traits :Number of flowers per cluster(fpc),number of fruits per cluster(frpc),fruit length(frl),fruit diameter(frd) ,fruit size(frs), plant height(pl.ht) ,Number of fruits per plant(nof),fruit weight(fwt) and yield per plant(yield/pl). Yield per plant showed highest value of Vg(92698) and Vp (221588) and Fruits/cluster, fruit length, fruit diameter and flowers per cluster showed lowest value of Vg and Vp. For all the traits PCV value was higher than GCV. Little difference was found among GCVand PCV for the traits like plant height, fruit diameter, fruit size and fruit weight. There is high difference between GCV and PCV for the parameters like Number fruit per clusters, Number of flowers per cluster...

The present in vitro experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the various concentrat... more The present in vitro experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of the various concentrations of sucrose on potato plantlets growth and microtuberization. It was observed that increasing sucrose level in the media influenced the plant growth negatively. 3% sucrose concentration in the medium showed comparatively early root/shoot emergence and highest mean root and shoot length (6.16 cm and 8.28 cm, respectively) with greater number of nodes (7.90). However, regarding microtubers (Mt) formation, treatment with 8% sucrose concentration has higher microtubers number with larger size (mean diameter 6.84mm). The mean weight of Mt was also highest (97.0mg) at 8 % sucrose concentration followed by T1 (70.00mg). It has been concluded on the basis of results that MS medium supplemented with 8% sucrose level and without any growth hormone is the best for in vitro microtuber formation in potato. * Corresponding Author: Zishan Gul  gul.zishan@gmail.com International Journal of Agronomy...

Studies for the field evaluation of potato varietal response towards Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and ... more Studies for the field evaluation of potato varietal response towards Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and its associated natural enemies were carried out at Hazara Agricultural Research Station, Abbottabad by using 5 potato varieties (Desiree, Cardinal, FDI-4, diamond and Dura) each replicated 5 times. The experiment laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. The data revealed that aphids infestation was found invariably on all five varieties started during last week of March 2005 (1 observation). The peak population of 29.38 aphids per st leaf attained during 3 week of May (22 May). Two species of Coccinellids, were identified, Coccinellids rd nd septempunctata and Harmonia dimidiate. The predominant specie, C septempunctata first appeared during 24 April with a mean number of 0.05 beetle /leaf. At the time, when aphid population started to increase the th peak population of C. septempunctata was recorded (0.75 beetle/leaf) on the 22 of May. The mean population nd of Harmonia was very lo...

Agricultural Sciences, 2017

Hybrid cotton production through exploitation of heterosis is the only way for having vertical im... more Hybrid cotton production through exploitation of heterosis is the only way for having vertical improvement and betterment in seed cotton yield which has been stagnated in the recent years. The current study was conducted to evaluate the performance of F 2 population for studying mean performance, heterotic effects and inbreeding depression in upland cotton for polygenic traits. Parental genotypes and their F 2 s were sown at Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar during 2010, manually. All the traits revealed highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) variations for both parents and their F 2 hybrids. Mean performance for parents and their F 2 hybrids is: (5.26 to 7.12 & 4.43 to 6.60) seeds locule −1 , (21.10 to 28.03 & 20.40 to 28.50) seed boll −1 , (32.20 to 34.80 & 32.22 to 35.05) lint% and (62.87 to 85.47 & 45.94 to 92.04) seed cotton yield plant −1 , respectively. Heterotic effects found over mid parent and better parent were: 66.66% & 46.66% (seeds locule −1), 60% & 30% (seed boll −1), 43.33% & 30% (lint %) and 36.66% & 16.66% (seed cotton yield plant −1), respectively. For the parameters: seeds locule −1 (11 & 10), seeds boll −1 (2 & 1) and seed cotton yield plant −1 (3 & 1) showed positive highly significant heterosis for both mid and better parent, respectively while lint% did not reveal any positive significant heterosis. F 2 populations i.e. CIM-499 × CIM-554 and CIM-554 × CIM-499 revealed highly significant heterotic effects over mid and better parent for all the traits except lint % while CIM-554 × CIM-707 showed highly significant heterotic effects for seeds locule −1 and seed cotton yield palnt −1. Positive economic heterotic effects were also exhibited by more than 50% of the F 2 population i.e., 76.66% for seed locule −1 , 50% for seeds boll −1 , 3.33% for lint% and 20% for seed cotton yield plant −1 , respectively.

Pakistan journal of zoology

These studies were conducted at farmer's fields in Mardan district during the cropping season 200... more These studies were conducted at farmer's fields in Mardan district during the cropping season 2008-2009 to investigate the efficacy and potentiality of inundative and inoculative release methods of Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii) for the management of sugarcane borers. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design. There were three treatments and four replications in each treatment. The data revealed that both inundative and inoculative release methods of T. chilonis were more effective as compared with the control throughout the entire growing season. Inundative release method of T. chilonis was found the most effective technique against Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) infestation in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops with minimum mean percent infestation of 3.50 and 6.50 respectively. This was followed by Inoculative release method, where 6.75 and 10.00 mean percent infestation was recorded in sugarcane plant and ratoon crops respectively. Maximum infestation was recorded in control plots with mean percent infestation of 7.87 and 12.75 in sugarcane plant and ratoon crops respectively. The data further revealed that inundative release method of T. chilonis in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops also effectively controlled Acigona steniellus (Hamp) with minimum borer's infestation by recording 3.25 and 3.37 mean percent infestations in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops respectively. It was followed by the plots where T. chilonis were released as inoculative release method, where 4.87 and 6.25 mean percent infestation was recorded in sugarcane plant and ratoon crop respectively. Control plots showed maximum A. steniellus infestation in plant crop (7.27%) and ratoon crop (7.65%). The data further showed that no Scirpophaga nivella Fabric infestation was recorded in both sugarcane plant and ratoon crops. Maximum yield of sugarcane was recorded in both plant and ratoon crops of sugarcane in plots treated with inundative release method (101.5t/ha in plant crop and 69.25 t/ha in ratoon crop) followed by inoculative release method (95.84t/ha in plant crop and 63.14t/ha in ratoon crop). The lowest yield of sugarcane was recorded in control (91.14 t/ha and 58.33 t/ha).

Field experiment was conducted to find out the comparative efficacy of different commercial insec... more Field experiment was conducted to find out the comparative efficacy of different commercial insecticides for the control of aphids, Rhopalosiphum maidis Fitch (Homoptera: Aphididae) and to study the resistance level of the newly released maize variety (Jalal) to the farmers for general cultivation in comparison with the two commonly grown corn cultivars (Azam and Sarhad white). Experiment was laid down in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments included; seed dresser (Imidacloprid TM), granular application (Carbofuran TM) and foliar spray (Methamidophos TM), each in recommended and half of the recommended doses. Aphid's population data were recorded on weekly intervals for each treatment upon the varieties. Seed dresser, granules application and foliar spray significantly reduced aphid infestation from 1 st week to 4 th week as compared to control. Recommended dose of all of the insecticides significantly minimized the aphid's population as compared to half doses. The newly released cultivar 'Jalal' showed comparatively more resistance to the aphid's infestation as compared to 'Azam' and 'Sarhad White' suggested that the old cultivars have almost lost their resistance against the available strains of aphids. Similarly recommended dose of seed dressing resulted in maximum grain yield (2841 kg ha-1) followed by the recommended dose of foliar spray, whereas; minimum grain yield (2678 kg ha-1) was recorded in control plots. Maize variety 'Jalal' produced higher grain yield (2857 kg ha-1) followed by 'Azam' (2818 kg ha-1). Outcome of the experiment suggested that 'Jalal' is not only a productive variety but also proven tolerant to aphids compared to the existing two corn varieties (Azam and Sarhad White). Thus these findings provided a tool to focus on the use of recommended doses of Imidacloprid TM as seed dresser with low toxicity and environmental safety for early protection, good plant vigor and greater yield. The same variety can be used in the development of potential hybrid or varieties breeding.