Ivana Božić Miljković - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ivana Božić Miljković

Encyclopedia of the UN sustainable development goals, 2020

According to the United Nations (UN) definition, inequality, in the most general sense of the wor... more According to the United Nations (UN) definition, inequality, in the most general sense of the word, represents "the state of not being equal, especially in status, rights, and opportunities" (UN 2015, p. 1). International organizations are institutions drawing membership from at least three states, having activities in several states, and whose members are held together by a formal agreement. The Union of International Associations, in the Yearbook of International Organizations registers more than 72,500 international organizations from 300 countries and territories, 40,300 of which are active organizations. Coverage includes intergovernmental (IGOs) and international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). The purpose of all these organizations is to implement the initiative to reduce inequality, which is an important prerequisite for achieving sustainable social development. Reducing inequality is one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (UN 2015). Given that inequality is a multidimensional concept, the goal of reducing it (SDG 10) covers 47 areas of action, that is, specific tasks, but is also closely related to other goals of Agenda 2030 that are directly or indirectly related to poverty elimination, gender equality, decent work, economic growth, and climate action.

Ekonomicky Casopis, Feb 22, 2021

The paper analyses the effects and measures the intensity of economic cooperation that Serbia has... more The paper analyses the effects and measures the intensity of economic cooperation that Serbia has achieved with the member countries of the Visegrad Group (V4 Group) from 2000 until today. The starting hypothesis is that the common cultural and historical heritage, the geographical proximity of the market and the common experience of the economic transition process can be an incentive for the development of economic cooperation between Serbia and the countries of the V4 Group. A gravity econometric model Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator was used to test the hypothesis. The results of the research confirm a significantly positive impact of the GDP of Serbia and the observed countries, a significantly negative impact of distance and a significantly positive effect of the neighbourhood on bilateral trade flows. Predictors related to the quality of institutions also have a significant positive effect on increasing bilateral trade cooperation between Serbia and the V4 Group.

БАЛКАНСКЕ СИНТЕЗЕ, 2020

Reindustrijalizacija predstavlja proces obnove industrijske proizvodnje sa ciljem povećanja učešć... more Reindustrijalizacija predstavlja proces obnove industrijske proizvodnje sa ciljem povećanja učešća industrije u stvaranju ukupnog BDP-a. U zemljama zapadnog Balkana, reindustrijalizacija je prepoznata kao nužan proces koji ima za cilj povećanje zaposlenosti, unapređenje strukture njihovog izvoza i pozicije u međunarodnim ekonomskim odnosima. Reindustrijalizacija je, kao koncept ozdravljenja privrede, determinisana samom suštinom procesa tranzicije i reformi koje su taj proces obeležile. Drugim rečima, reindustrijalizacija je "odgovor" na negativne posledice deindustrijalizacije i tercijarizacije privrede. Primena ova dva koncepta na privrede zemalja zapadnog Balkana, zahvaljujući njihovom ekonomskom nasleđu i geoekonomskom položaju nije dala pozitivne efekte kao u nekim drugim zemljama u tranziciji. U ovom radu, autorka bavi analizom dosadašnjih efekata procesa reindustrijalizacije u zemljama zapadnog Balkana, sa posebnim osvrtom na potencijale i moguće pravce razvoja njihovih industrija u budućnosti Ključne reči: deindustrjalizacija, reindustrijalizacija, ekonomija, zapadni Balkan.

Megatrend revija, 2021

The focus of the paper is better understanding of the experiences of the Chinese diaspora who liv... more The focus of the paper is better understanding of the experiences of the Chinese diaspora who lives in Serbia, their perception of Serbia as their destination country and their view on the economic environment and the quality of life in Serbia. The research was conducted in the period from June to December 2017, and included 52 representatives of Chinese diaspora in Serbia. As a method of research semi-structured interview was used. Results show that representatives of the Chinese diaspora do not recognize Serbia as a very favorable business destination and most of them see their stay in Serbia as temporary and dependent on economic conditions.

Journal of Globalization Studies, 2014

Russia has been historically, politically, spiritually, and culturally present at the Balkans for... more Russia has been historically, politically, spiritually, and culturally present at the Balkans for centuries. That is why the relations between Russia and the Balkans have a rich and long tradition. Divisions, wars, economic and political crises since the nineties of the twentieth century have defined, quite a few times, the power relations on the Balkan Peninsula in which Russia has played a prominent place and role. In the geostrategic sense, along with the changes that took place in the late eighties, Russia is increasingly realizing its interests through diverse forms of economic cooperation with most important in economic terms countries and world associations. Among Russia's most important economic partners are almost all Central and East European countries, China, USA, Japan, and European Union. In this context, Russia becomes an increasingly relevant subject of international political and economic relations. Its economic potentials (energy, raw materials, spatial aspect, ...

The aim of this paper is to point to the fact that economic dialogue in the Balkans is a conditio... more The aim of this paper is to point to the fact that economic dialogue in the Balkans is a condition of survival of the Balkan counties in the process of globalization. The meaning of an economic dialogue is to improve inter-regional cooperation in production and trade and to research the possibilities of strategy creation for joint presentation on the European and world market. Since Balkan countries are completely turned to the European Union, some as members and some as pretenders to membership, the mutual dialogue may benefit and improve their European positions. As the greatest and most powerful political and economic integration in Europe and the world, the European Union in its politics of expansion gives advantage to those countries which are able to develop with their surroundings quality good neighborly and economic relations. The ability of the countries to mutually cooperate is the guarantee that they will manage in wider and more complex surroundings such as the European ...

Over the last couple of years, tourism in Serbia has been recognized as a propulsive economic ind... more Over the last couple of years, tourism in Serbia has been recognized as a propulsive economic industry which contributes to faster economic development and a better balance of payments position of the country. Similarly to other industries, the issue of competitiveness is present here as well. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the tourism industry, this problem is multidimensional and far more complex than in other industries. Consequently, the mechanisms which can be employed to improve the competitiveness in this area are more complex. Among them, the creative economy is becoming increasingly important, and, within its scope, the creative industries as a set of activities which are a product of talent and creative potential of individuals and their individual or joint engagement. The aim of this paper is to draw attention to the growing role of the creative economy and creative and cultural industries in creating an authentic Serbian tourism product-cultural tourism, whose quality can be recognized on the European and world market and which, as such, can contribute to faster economic development.

Joining the Eurointegrations, above all the European Union, has been the common goal of the Weste... more Joining the Eurointegrations, above all the European Union, has been the common goal of the Western Balkan countries for almost two decades. Since theirs are small economies, at a low level of economic development, it is necessary for them to act together through various forms of regional networking and integration. The historical legacy, of both far and recent past, often represents an enormous obstacle to the development of mutual cooperation of this group of countries; hence, it also constrains the use of the existing opportunities for their faster economic growth. The integration of the Western Balkan countries with the aim of liberalizing interregional trade represents a chance for improving their mutual cooperation and it provides the basis for a more intensive trade with the European Union countries. The membership in the European Union represents, for all the countries in the region, a good motive to correct the existing shortcomings and to actively undertake the building of...

Socioloski pregled, 2021

The subject of this paper is the economic relations between the Republic of Serbia and the People... more The subject of this paper is the economic relations between the Republic of Serbia and the People's Republic of China from the beginning of the century until today. The development of these economic relations and cooperation is based on the long tradition of their good political and diplomatic relations. The relationship of these two countries towards the transition and different strategies in the implementation of this process are determinants of their economic success and the position they have in the global economy. The aspects of the economic cooperation between Serbia and China are analyzed in two categories in which this cooperation is most visible and in which its effects can be precisely expressed quantitatively: the cooperation in the field of foreign trade and in the field of investments. The basic hypothesis is that the economic relations between Serbia and China have been growing rapidly since the beginning of the century and that such a trend will continue in the fu...

Ekonomski pogledi, 2020

The aim of this paper is to analyse trade relations between Serbia and the European Union, from t... more The aim of this paper is to analyse trade relations between Serbia and the European Union, from the perspective of trade in agricultural products. An overview of the changes in the economic structure of Serbia, which resulted from the transition to a system of market economy and in which agriculture gained greater developmental significance than it had in the previous period, represents the starting point of the analysis. The trade of agricultural products between Serbia and the EU countries has been on an upward trend since the beginning of the century, and Serbia has achieved a positive balance in that trade. However, the structure of Serbian export points to a problem of low export competitiveness. This problem could be overcome by acting gradually on various segments of production, trade and promotion of agricultural products, which the authors of the paper define in the form of a proposal. Trade in agricultural products between Serbia and the EU is part of their overall economi...

Encyclopedia of the UN Sustainable Development Goals, 2021

Sustainability, 2021

Tourism-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are a central driver of anthropogenic climate chan... more Tourism-related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are a central driver of anthropogenic climate change. At the same time, climate change has both direct and indirect impacts on tourism, varying from damages of tourist assets due to extreme weather events, to losses of biodiversity. Small island developing states (SIDS) heavily depend on international tourism as a source of revenue and income. Therefore, much could be gained by assessing the vulnerability of the SIDS tourism sector and by identifying measures that may assist these islands in their sustainable adaptation efforts. Against this background, this interdisciplinary paper provides a review of tourism development and the implications of its emissions on the global climate, linked with observed and projected influences of climate change in the Pacific region, to explain the growing vulnerability of the overall sector, with a particular focus on SIDS tourism. A description of the effects of COVID-19 on international tourism and i...

Proceedings of the 6th International Scientific Conference - FINIZ 2019, 2019

Financial activities possess certain specificities compared to the real sector of the economy. Th... more Financial activities possess certain specificities compared to the real sector of the economy. These specificities, within the political and economic environment corresponding to the economy in transition, have influenced the manner, flow and quality of the privatization of banks in Serbia. The account statement of this segment of the transition process, almost twenty years after the formal beginning of the privatization of the banking sector in Serbia, clearly indicates that the number of banks has been largely reduced, that the structure of banks is dominated by foreign banks, but also that significant progress has been made in modernizing business processes. The Internet's omnipresence has enabled a revolution in the services that banks provide to clients and firms, primarily through the automation of certain processes and implemetation of efficient software solutions based on web technologies. Via e-banking, clients are given insight into the current balance of accounts, cards and loans, or the realization of transactions or exchange without going to the bank, while m-banking popularization enables the use of a smartphone as an electronic wallet. New technologies have enabled the centralized collection and intersection of data from various sources, which makes it possible for the bank to gain insight into the clients' finances and, based on this, to make a quality business decision.

Socioloski pregled, 2019

The paper analyzes the economic effects of the transition process in the countries of the former ... more The paper analyzes the economic effects of the transition process in the countries of the former Yugoslavia, with particular reference to those segments of that process that define the directives for their economic and institutional development. The results of the transition process are also analyzed in terms of the position of these countries vis-à-vis the European Union. The countries of the former Yugoslavia have achieved different results in the transition period so far in terms of membership in this integration and these results have been accepted by some researchers as the standard for evaluating their success in the transition process. If one assumes that membership in the Union alone is a "certificate of success" and an indicator of the end of the transition process, it can be said that only Slovenia and Croatia have succeeded in implementing the transitional reforms. However, according to economic indicators, the two countries share the fate of the other former Yugoslav republics and their success in the transition process is judged to be modest.

Medjunarodni problemi, 2012

The development of international trade on the world scale under the conditions of globalization, ... more The development of international trade on the world scale under the conditions of globalization, more than ever in the economic history has given prominence to the issues of given countries? competitiveness and foreign trade companies. Competitiveness in foreign trade is a complex category affected by the factors of both economic and non-economic nature. With the increase of the degree of liberalization of foreign trade globally, competitiveness represents a very important factor that the results in this particular trade depend on and, consequently, realization of the developmental and stabilization objectives in the progress of trade. The Balkan countries are making efforts, through diverse forms of regional economic networking and economic cooperation, to define their competitiveness in foreign trade in such a way so as to ensure its higher level. The actions of this kind should change their relatively unfavorable position in international trade and improve the state in their fore...

European Scientific Journal, Mar 30, 2013

At the transition beginning, economic crisis in Serbia was caused by political crisis in the area... more At the transition beginning, economic crisis in Serbia was caused by political crisis in the area of former SFRY and institution crisis which, at the time were not ready for changing of the milieu they developed in until then. Political and economic crisis which started at that time in the area of former Yugoslavia, was intensified by the new transition crisis which have, in Serbia, being present-more or less intensively, until present days. Events in politics during the nineties, the introduction of economic sanctions by international organizations, hyperinflation, unemployment increase and overflow of gray economy, additionally contributed the crisis to last longer that it is usual for transition process. The economic crisis went on during the first decade of the new century. This period is known by accelerated privatization which, from the point of the crisis was double-edged sword: on one side, great inflow of assets partially preserved "social peace" and the crisis felt less; on the other, insufficient investments in production and long lists of redundancy workers from newly privatized companies anticipated that the economic crisis in the future will be wider and become the crisis of the social system. The great world economic crisis, which in 2008. started in the USA, had consequences for the whole world. Though, Serbia geographically and economically was not on the front line of the direct impact countries, yet economic consequences were great because the crisis hit the vulnerable system which in the previous decades was already in the crisis. Slowing of economic development and transition reforms, are most obvious consequences of its effect in Serbia. Decades of Serbian crisis and the possibility of having "Greek script" in Serbia, motivated the present government to adopt a new package of measures to ease the crisis, which will be effective in near future.