Ivana Pavlinac Dodig - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Ivana Pavlinac Dodig

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of age and sex on behavior and mood changes, sleep habits and attitudes toward vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of ALPHA-2 Adrenergic Receptors in Caudal Raphe Region on PLTD in Rats

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis severity in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Clinical Oral Investigations

OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigated the stages of periodontitis in obstructive sle... more OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigated the stages of periodontitis in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and risk factors associated with periodontitis severity among them. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 194 patients underwent a polysomnography/polygraphy and were referred to periodontal examination. According to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), patients were classified as mild OSA (AHI < 15) and moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15), whereas periodontitis severity was determined by the clinical attachment level (CAL) according to the recent Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions. Patients were grouped into two categories: stages 1 and 2, and stages 3 and 4. RESULTS Higher AHI values were reported in OSA patients exhibiting periodontitis stages 3 and 4 compared to OSA patients with periodontitis stages 1 and 2 (p = 0.043) and the non-periodontitis group (p = 0.044). A positive correlation was found between AHI and mean CAL (r = 0.215; p = 0.004), and between AHI and plaque scores (r = 0.292; p < 0.001). Following a multivariable regression analysis, AHI was a significant predictor of mean CAL (β = 0.169; p = 0.031), explaining 16.4% of variability in mean CAL (adjusted R2 = 0.164; p < 0.001). Older patients had higher odds for an increased mean CAL (β = 0.266; p = 0.001), as well as patients smoking or formerly smoking (β = 0.305; p < 0.001) whereas visiting a dental medicine doctor once a year or more often was associated with a decreased mean CAL (β = - 0.182; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS OSA was associated with severe stages of periodontitis along with increased age, smoking, low frequency of dental visits, and poor oral hygiene. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Screening for periodontitis is recommended for patients with more severe forms of OSA.

Research paper thumbnail of Intermittent hypercapnia produces long‐term changes of phrenic and renal sympathetic nerve activities that are serotonin dependent

The FASEB Journal

This study was performed to investigate long-term changes of peak phrenic (pPNA) and renal sympat... more This study was performed to investigate long-term changes of peak phrenic (pPNA) and renal sympathetic nerve (RSNA) activities during and following acute intermittent hypercapnic exposures. Urethan...

Research paper thumbnail of Sleep medicine knowledge and attitudes among dental medicine students

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of age and gender on cognitive and psychomotor abilities measured by computerized series tests: a cross-sectional study

Croatian Medical Journal, 2020

Aim To assess age- and gender-associated differences in cognitive and psychomotor abilities measu... more Aim To assess age- and gender-associated differences in cognitive and psychomotor abilities measured by the Complex Reactionmeter Drenovac (CRD-series) tests. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted between 2009 and 2019, enrolled 3420 participants (2012 women) aged from 18 to 88 years. The participants solved three CRD-series chronometric tests: discrimination of the light signal position (CRD311), complex psychomotor coordination (CRD411), and simple arithmetic operations (CRD11). We analyzed total test solving time (TTST), minimum single task solving time (MinT), number of errors, initial dissociation, and start, end, and total ballasts as measures of wasted time in the first half of the test, second half of the test, and total test time, respectively. Results Age was positively associated with MinT and TTST in all used tests (P < 0.001), while initial dissociation, start ballast, and end ballast significantly increased with age (P < 0.001). On the CRD11 test, men had...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of screening tests for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in pre-operative surgical patients

Objective: To determine excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), as a major symptom of obstructive sle... more Objective: To determine excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), as a major symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in preoperative surgical patients by applying Croatian version of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and to test their risk for OSA using STOP and STOPBANG questionnaires. Methods: The observational cross-sectional study included 1.348 consecutive patients (737 females) in Pre-anesthesia Evaluation Clinic aged 18 years or older without, previously diagnosed OSA. Results: STOP positive patients were older [62 (20–88) versus 50 (18–89) yrs, P < 0.001], had greater BMI (28.5 ± 4.2 versus 25.7 ± 4.3 kg/m, P < 0.001), neck circumference (40.8 ± 4.1 versus 39.2 ± 4.2 cm, P < 0.001), and greater ASA physical status (chi2 = 33.03, P < 0.001) compared to STOP negative patients. Also, STOP positive patients had greater ESS scores compared with STOP negative patients (5.25 ± 3.8 versus 3.91 ± 3.1, P < 0.001). STOPBANG positive patients had greater ASA physical status tha...

Research paper thumbnail of The Association of Salivary Parameters with the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Research paper thumbnail of Sleep quality and other psychological variables in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Research paper thumbnail of The role of anesthetics in the phrenic long term facilitation in rats

Research paper thumbnail of Long Term Changes of Phrenic Nerve Activity Due to Exposure to Hypercapnic Stimulus

Research paper thumbnail of The evaluation of risk for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes

Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructiv... more Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) u bolesnika sa secernom bolescu tipa 2, s pomocu STOP upitnika (engl. Snoring, Tiredness, Observed, Pressure; STOP). S pomocu Epworthove ljestvice pospanosti (ESS) procijenjena je prekomjerna dnevna pospanost i ispitana povezanost pospanosti i rizika za OSA-u u bolesnika sa secernom bolescu tipa 2. Dosadasnja istraživanja pokazala su da ostecena tolerancije glukoze i secerna bolest tipa 2 predstavljaju cimbenik rizika za OSA-u, ali i da OSA predstavlja cimbenik rizika za secernu bolest tipa 2. U nasem istraživanju sudjelovala su 252 ispitanika sa secernom bolescu tipa 2, koji su bili anketirani za vrijeme redovitih pregleda u Klinickom bolnickom centru Split. Rezultati naseg istraživanja pokazali su da je 156 ispitanika (61,9%) imalo povecan rizik za OSA-u prema rezultatima STOP upitnika. Nadalje, ispitanici koji su imali povecani rizik u odnosu na ispitanike koji nis...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle and mood in Croatian general population: a cross-sectional study

Croatian Medical Journal, 2020

AimTo investigate the effect of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown on lifestyle behaviors a... more AimTo investigate the effect of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown on lifestyle behaviors and mood changes in the Croatian general population.MethodsDuring ten days of the COVID-19 lockdown in Croatia, 3027 respondents (70.3% female) from the general population completed an online, self-report questionnaire. Demographic data and data on lifestyle habits and mood changes before and during the COVID-19 lockdown were collected.ResultsA total of 95.64% of respondents reported to follow most or all restrictions, with female sex (P < 0.001) and higher education level (P < 0.001) being associated with higher restriction compliance. Women smoked an increased number of cigarettes (P < 0.001). The proportion of respondents of both sexes who did not drink or drank 7 drinks per week or more increased (P < 0.001). Women also reported lower frequency (P = 0.001) and duration of physical exercise (P < 0.001). In total, 30.7% of respondents gained weight, with female sex (OR, 2.726) and higher BMI (OR, 1.116; both P < 0.001) being associated with an increased likelihood of gaining weight. Both men and women felt more frequently afraid (P < 0.001), discouraged (P < 0.001), and sad (P < 0.001).ConclusionPublic health authorities should promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles in order to reduce long-term negative effects of the lockdown.

Research paper thumbnail of The COVID-19 Lockdown and CPAP Adherence: The More Vulnerable Ones Less Likely to Improve Adherence?

Nature and Science of Sleep, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Psychomotor Performance in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Nature and Science of Sleep, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Phrenic long-term depression evoked by intermittent hypercapnia is modulated by serotonergic and adrenergic receptors in raphe nuclei

Journal of Neurophysiology, 2018

Intermittent hypercapnia evokes prolonged depression of phrenic nerve activity (phrenic long-term... more Intermittent hypercapnia evokes prolonged depression of phrenic nerve activity (phrenic long-term depression, pLTD). This study was undertaken to investigate the role of 5-HT and α2-adrenergic receptors in the initiation of pLTD. Adult male urethane-anesthetized, vagotomized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a protocol of acute intermittent hypercapnia (AIHc; 5 episodes of 15% CO2 in air, each episode lasting 3 min). The experimental group received microinjection of the selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)tetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT), the broad-spectrum 5-HT antagonist methysergide, or the α2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine, whereas the control group received microinjection of 0.9% saline into the caudal raphe region. Peak phrenic nerve activity (pPNA) and burst frequency ( f) were analyzed during baseline (T0), during 5 hypercapnic episodes (THc1–THc5), and at 15, 30, and 60 min after the end of the last hyperc...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of CPAP therapy on cognitive and psychomotor performances in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective 1-year study

Sleep and Breathing, 2018

Study objectivesWe prospectively investigated the effects of continuous positive airway pressure ... more Study objectivesWe prospectively investigated the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on long-term cognitive and psychomotor performances, and excessive daytime sleepiness in severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.MethodsA total of 40 patients were recruited and 23 patients with severe OSA fully completed the study protocol to investigate the effects of CPAP therapy on psychomotor performance at 1, 3, and 6 months and 1 year following initiation of the therapy. Psychomotor CRD-series tests measuring reaction times of light stimulus perception, solving simple arithmetic operations, and complex psychomotor limb coordination, were used in this study. The data collected following CPAP therapy were compared to baseline values prior to the CPAP treatment for each patient.ResultsAll of the measured variables improved following CPAP treatment. However, the most pronounced effect was observed in improvement of reaction times to complex psychomotor limb coordination test (p < 0.05). Self-reported evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) showed significant decrease from 10.0 ± 1.1 before to 3.5 ± 0.5 (p < 0.001), after 1 year on CPAP therapy.ConclusionsThe CPAP therapy improved cognitive and psychomotor performance on CRD-series tests with the most significant improvement observed in complex psychomotor limb coordination of severe OSA patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Procjena rizika za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja u bolesnika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2

Medica Jadertina, Jan 13, 2014

Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructiv... more Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) u bolesnika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2, s pomoću STOP upitnika (engl. Snoring, Tiredness, Observed, Pressure; STOP). S pomoću Epworthove ljestvice pospanosti (ESS) procijenjena je prekomjerna dnevna pospanost i ispitana povezanost pospanosti i rizika za OSA-u u bolesnika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2. Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazala su da oštećena tolerancije glukoze i šećerna bolest tipa 2 predstavljaju čimbenik rizika za OSA-u, ali i da OSA predstavlja čimbenik rizika za šećernu bolest tipa 2. U našem istraživanju sudjelovala su 252 ispitanika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2, koji su bili anketirani za vrijeme redovitih pregleda u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Split. Rezultati našeg istraživanja pokazali su da je 156 ispitanika (61,9%) imalo povećan rizik za OSA-u prema rezultatima STOP upitnika. Nadalje, ispitanici koji su imali povećani rizik u odnosu na ispitanike koji nisu imali rizik za OSA-u bili su stariji (65 vs. 61 godina,

Research paper thumbnail of Intermittent hypercapnia-induced phrenic long-term depression is revealed after serotonin receptor blockade with methysergide in anaesthetised rats

Experimental Physiology, 2015

What is the central question of this study? Intermittent hypercapnia is a concomitant feature of ... more What is the central question of this study? Intermittent hypercapnia is a concomitant feature of breathing disorders. Hypercapnic stimuli evoke a form of respiratory plasticity known as phrenic long-term depression in experimental animals. This study was performed to investigate the putative role of serotonin receptors in the initiation of phrenic long-term depression in anaesthetized rats. What is the main finding and its importance? Phrenic nerve long-term depression was revealed in animals pretreated with the serotonin broad-spectrum antagonist, methysergide. This study highlights that serotonin receptors modulate respiratory plasticity evoked by acute intermittent hypercapnia in anaesthetized rats. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that intermittent hypercapnia can evoke a form of respiratory plasticity known as long-term depression of the phrenic nerve (pLTD) and that 5-HT receptors play a role in the initiation of pLTD. Adult male urethane-anaesthetized, vagotomized, paralysed, mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to an acute intermittent hypercapnia protocol. One group received i.v. injection of the non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist methysergide and another group received i.v. injection of the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 20 min before exposure to intermittent hypercapnia. A control group received i.v. injection of saline. Peak phrenic nerve activity and respiratory rhythm parameters were analysed at baseline (T0), during each of five hypercapnic episodes, and 15, 30 and 60 min (T60) after the last hypercapnia. Intravenous injection of methysergide before exposure to acute intermittent hypercapnia induced development of amplitude pLTD at T60 (decreased by 46.1 ± 6.9%, P = 0.003). Conversely, in control and WAY-100635-pretreated animals, exposure to acute intermittent hypercapnia did not evoke amplitude pLTD. However, a long-term decrease in phrenic nerve frequency was evoked both in control (42 ± 4 breaths min(-1) at T0 versus 32 ± 5 breaths min(-1) at T60; P = 0.036) and in methysergide-pretreated animals (42 ± 2 breaths min(-1) at T0 versus 32 ± 3 breaths min(-1) at T60; P = 0.028). In WAY-100635 pretreated animals, frequency pLTD was prevented. These results suggest that 5-HT receptors modulate respiratory plasticity induced by acute intermittent hypercapnia in anaesthetized rats.

Research paper thumbnail of Serotonergic modulation of hypercapnia induced respiratory plasticity - changes in phrenic nerve activity

European Respiratory Journal, Sep 1, 2014

Intermittent hypercapnia, along with hypoxia, is a concomitant feature seen in obstructive sleep ... more Intermittent hypercapnia, along with hypoxia, is a concomitant feature seen in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Intermittent hypercapnia can evoke long-term depression of phrenic nerve activity, but inconsistency in its manifestation, indicates involvement of additional factors. This study was performed to investigate effects of episodic hypercapnia, and the role of intravenous injection of 5-HT receptors antagonist methysergide on phrenic nerve activity after exposures to intermittent hypercapnic stimulus. Twelve, male, urethane anesthetized, vagotomized, paralyzed, mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats, were exposed to the acute intermittent hypercapnia protocol. Protocol consisted of 5 hypercapnic episodes (15% CO2), each lasting for 3 min (HC, control group, N=7). Experimental group (MeHC group, N=5) received an intravenous injection of methysergide, before the onset of the first hypercapnia.Peak phrenic nerve amplitude (pPNA), burst frequency, and breathing rhythm parameters were analyzed during the first hypercapnia, at 15, 30, and 60 minutes after the end of the last hypercapnia, and compared to the baseline values. In HC group, non-significant changes of the pPNA were observed 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the last hypercapnia (pPNA was 107.3±16.6%, 84.1±21.0% and 92.5±18.5%, respectively, p>0.999). In MeHC group, significant decrease of pPNA 15, 30 and 60 min after the last hypercapnia was observed (64.1±5.0%, 57.9±6.8% and 49.6±6.7%, respectively, p Administration of methysergide prior to the onset of the hypercapnia protocol intensified depression of the phrenic nerve activity following intermittent hypercapnia exposure. HRZZ 09/165.

Research paper thumbnail of The impact of age and sex on behavior and mood changes, sleep habits and attitudes toward vaccination during the COVID-19 pandemic

Research paper thumbnail of The Role of ALPHA-2 Adrenergic Receptors in Caudal Raphe Region on PLTD in Rats

Research paper thumbnail of Periodontitis severity in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Clinical Oral Investigations

OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigated the stages of periodontitis in obstructive sle... more OBJECTIVES This cross-sectional study investigated the stages of periodontitis in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients and risk factors associated with periodontitis severity among them. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 194 patients underwent a polysomnography/polygraphy and were referred to periodontal examination. According to apnea-hypopnea index (AHI), patients were classified as mild OSA (AHI < 15) and moderate to severe OSA (AHI ≥ 15), whereas periodontitis severity was determined by the clinical attachment level (CAL) according to the recent Classification of Periodontal Diseases and Conditions. Patients were grouped into two categories: stages 1 and 2, and stages 3 and 4. RESULTS Higher AHI values were reported in OSA patients exhibiting periodontitis stages 3 and 4 compared to OSA patients with periodontitis stages 1 and 2 (p = 0.043) and the non-periodontitis group (p = 0.044). A positive correlation was found between AHI and mean CAL (r = 0.215; p = 0.004), and between AHI and plaque scores (r = 0.292; p < 0.001). Following a multivariable regression analysis, AHI was a significant predictor of mean CAL (β = 0.169; p = 0.031), explaining 16.4% of variability in mean CAL (adjusted R2 = 0.164; p < 0.001). Older patients had higher odds for an increased mean CAL (β = 0.266; p = 0.001), as well as patients smoking or formerly smoking (β = 0.305; p < 0.001) whereas visiting a dental medicine doctor once a year or more often was associated with a decreased mean CAL (β = - 0.182; p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS OSA was associated with severe stages of periodontitis along with increased age, smoking, low frequency of dental visits, and poor oral hygiene. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Screening for periodontitis is recommended for patients with more severe forms of OSA.

Research paper thumbnail of Intermittent hypercapnia produces long‐term changes of phrenic and renal sympathetic nerve activities that are serotonin dependent

The FASEB Journal

This study was performed to investigate long-term changes of peak phrenic (pPNA) and renal sympat... more This study was performed to investigate long-term changes of peak phrenic (pPNA) and renal sympathetic nerve (RSNA) activities during and following acute intermittent hypercapnic exposures. Urethan...

Research paper thumbnail of Sleep medicine knowledge and attitudes among dental medicine students

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of age and gender on cognitive and psychomotor abilities measured by computerized series tests: a cross-sectional study

Croatian Medical Journal, 2020

Aim To assess age- and gender-associated differences in cognitive and psychomotor abilities measu... more Aim To assess age- and gender-associated differences in cognitive and psychomotor abilities measured by the Complex Reactionmeter Drenovac (CRD-series) tests. Methods This cross-sectional study, conducted between 2009 and 2019, enrolled 3420 participants (2012 women) aged from 18 to 88 years. The participants solved three CRD-series chronometric tests: discrimination of the light signal position (CRD311), complex psychomotor coordination (CRD411), and simple arithmetic operations (CRD11). We analyzed total test solving time (TTST), minimum single task solving time (MinT), number of errors, initial dissociation, and start, end, and total ballasts as measures of wasted time in the first half of the test, second half of the test, and total test time, respectively. Results Age was positively associated with MinT and TTST in all used tests (P < 0.001), while initial dissociation, start ballast, and end ballast significantly increased with age (P < 0.001). On the CRD11 test, men had...

Research paper thumbnail of Assessment of screening tests for obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome in pre-operative surgical patients

Objective: To determine excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), as a major symptom of obstructive sle... more Objective: To determine excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), as a major symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), in preoperative surgical patients by applying Croatian version of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), and to test their risk for OSA using STOP and STOPBANG questionnaires. Methods: The observational cross-sectional study included 1.348 consecutive patients (737 females) in Pre-anesthesia Evaluation Clinic aged 18 years or older without, previously diagnosed OSA. Results: STOP positive patients were older [62 (20–88) versus 50 (18–89) yrs, P < 0.001], had greater BMI (28.5 ± 4.2 versus 25.7 ± 4.3 kg/m, P < 0.001), neck circumference (40.8 ± 4.1 versus 39.2 ± 4.2 cm, P < 0.001), and greater ASA physical status (chi2 = 33.03, P < 0.001) compared to STOP negative patients. Also, STOP positive patients had greater ESS scores compared with STOP negative patients (5.25 ± 3.8 versus 3.91 ± 3.1, P < 0.001). STOPBANG positive patients had greater ASA physical status tha...

Research paper thumbnail of The Association of Salivary Parameters with the Severity of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Research paper thumbnail of Sleep quality and other psychological variables in obstructive sleep apnea patients

Research paper thumbnail of The role of anesthetics in the phrenic long term facilitation in rats

Research paper thumbnail of Long Term Changes of Phrenic Nerve Activity Due to Exposure to Hypercapnic Stimulus

Research paper thumbnail of The evaluation of risk for obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes

Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructiv... more Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) u bolesnika sa secernom bolescu tipa 2, s pomocu STOP upitnika (engl. Snoring, Tiredness, Observed, Pressure; STOP). S pomocu Epworthove ljestvice pospanosti (ESS) procijenjena je prekomjerna dnevna pospanost i ispitana povezanost pospanosti i rizika za OSA-u u bolesnika sa secernom bolescu tipa 2. Dosadasnja istraživanja pokazala su da ostecena tolerancije glukoze i secerna bolest tipa 2 predstavljaju cimbenik rizika za OSA-u, ali i da OSA predstavlja cimbenik rizika za secernu bolest tipa 2. U nasem istraživanju sudjelovala su 252 ispitanika sa secernom bolescu tipa 2, koji su bili anketirani za vrijeme redovitih pregleda u Klinickom bolnickom centru Split. Rezultati naseg istraživanja pokazali su da je 156 ispitanika (61,9%) imalo povecan rizik za OSA-u prema rezultatima STOP upitnika. Nadalje, ispitanici koji su imali povecani rizik u odnosu na ispitanike koji nis...

Research paper thumbnail of The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on lifestyle and mood in Croatian general population: a cross-sectional study

Croatian Medical Journal, 2020

AimTo investigate the effect of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown on lifestyle behaviors a... more AimTo investigate the effect of the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown on lifestyle behaviors and mood changes in the Croatian general population.MethodsDuring ten days of the COVID-19 lockdown in Croatia, 3027 respondents (70.3% female) from the general population completed an online, self-report questionnaire. Demographic data and data on lifestyle habits and mood changes before and during the COVID-19 lockdown were collected.ResultsA total of 95.64% of respondents reported to follow most or all restrictions, with female sex (P < 0.001) and higher education level (P < 0.001) being associated with higher restriction compliance. Women smoked an increased number of cigarettes (P < 0.001). The proportion of respondents of both sexes who did not drink or drank 7 drinks per week or more increased (P < 0.001). Women also reported lower frequency (P = 0.001) and duration of physical exercise (P < 0.001). In total, 30.7% of respondents gained weight, with female sex (OR, 2.726) and higher BMI (OR, 1.116; both P < 0.001) being associated with an increased likelihood of gaining weight. Both men and women felt more frequently afraid (P < 0.001), discouraged (P < 0.001), and sad (P < 0.001).ConclusionPublic health authorities should promote the adoption of healthy lifestyles in order to reduce long-term negative effects of the lockdown.

Research paper thumbnail of The COVID-19 Lockdown and CPAP Adherence: The More Vulnerable Ones Less Likely to Improve Adherence?

Nature and Science of Sleep, 2021

Research paper thumbnail of Psychomotor Performance in Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Nature and Science of Sleep, 2020

Research paper thumbnail of Phrenic long-term depression evoked by intermittent hypercapnia is modulated by serotonergic and adrenergic receptors in raphe nuclei

Journal of Neurophysiology, 2018

Intermittent hypercapnia evokes prolonged depression of phrenic nerve activity (phrenic long-term... more Intermittent hypercapnia evokes prolonged depression of phrenic nerve activity (phrenic long-term depression, pLTD). This study was undertaken to investigate the role of 5-HT and α2-adrenergic receptors in the initiation of pLTD. Adult male urethane-anesthetized, vagotomized, paralyzed, and mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to a protocol of acute intermittent hypercapnia (AIHc; 5 episodes of 15% CO2 in air, each episode lasting 3 min). The experimental group received microinjection of the selective 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-(dipropylamino)tetralin hydrobromide (8-OH-DPAT), the broad-spectrum 5-HT antagonist methysergide, or the α2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine, whereas the control group received microinjection of 0.9% saline into the caudal raphe region. Peak phrenic nerve activity (pPNA) and burst frequency ( f) were analyzed during baseline (T0), during 5 hypercapnic episodes (THc1–THc5), and at 15, 30, and 60 min after the end of the last hyperc...

Research paper thumbnail of Effects of CPAP therapy on cognitive and psychomotor performances in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea: a prospective 1-year study

Sleep and Breathing, 2018

Study objectivesWe prospectively investigated the effects of continuous positive airway pressure ... more Study objectivesWe prospectively investigated the effects of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) on long-term cognitive and psychomotor performances, and excessive daytime sleepiness in severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients.MethodsA total of 40 patients were recruited and 23 patients with severe OSA fully completed the study protocol to investigate the effects of CPAP therapy on psychomotor performance at 1, 3, and 6 months and 1 year following initiation of the therapy. Psychomotor CRD-series tests measuring reaction times of light stimulus perception, solving simple arithmetic operations, and complex psychomotor limb coordination, were used in this study. The data collected following CPAP therapy were compared to baseline values prior to the CPAP treatment for each patient.ResultsAll of the measured variables improved following CPAP treatment. However, the most pronounced effect was observed in improvement of reaction times to complex psychomotor limb coordination test (p < 0.05). Self-reported evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness measured by Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) showed significant decrease from 10.0 ± 1.1 before to 3.5 ± 0.5 (p < 0.001), after 1 year on CPAP therapy.ConclusionsThe CPAP therapy improved cognitive and psychomotor performance on CRD-series tests with the most significant improvement observed in complex psychomotor limb coordination of severe OSA patients.

Research paper thumbnail of Procjena rizika za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja u bolesnika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2

Medica Jadertina, Jan 13, 2014

Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructiv... more Cilj istraživanja je procijeniti rizik za opstrukcijsku apneju tijekom spavanja (engl. Obstructive sleep apnea, OSA) u bolesnika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2, s pomoću STOP upitnika (engl. Snoring, Tiredness, Observed, Pressure; STOP). S pomoću Epworthove ljestvice pospanosti (ESS) procijenjena je prekomjerna dnevna pospanost i ispitana povezanost pospanosti i rizika za OSA-u u bolesnika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2. Dosadašnja istraživanja pokazala su da oštećena tolerancije glukoze i šećerna bolest tipa 2 predstavljaju čimbenik rizika za OSA-u, ali i da OSA predstavlja čimbenik rizika za šećernu bolest tipa 2. U našem istraživanju sudjelovala su 252 ispitanika sa šećernom bolešću tipa 2, koji su bili anketirani za vrijeme redovitih pregleda u Kliničkom bolničkom centru Split. Rezultati našeg istraživanja pokazali su da je 156 ispitanika (61,9%) imalo povećan rizik za OSA-u prema rezultatima STOP upitnika. Nadalje, ispitanici koji su imali povećani rizik u odnosu na ispitanike koji nisu imali rizik za OSA-u bili su stariji (65 vs. 61 godina,

Research paper thumbnail of Intermittent hypercapnia-induced phrenic long-term depression is revealed after serotonin receptor blockade with methysergide in anaesthetised rats

Experimental Physiology, 2015

What is the central question of this study? Intermittent hypercapnia is a concomitant feature of ... more What is the central question of this study? Intermittent hypercapnia is a concomitant feature of breathing disorders. Hypercapnic stimuli evoke a form of respiratory plasticity known as phrenic long-term depression in experimental animals. This study was performed to investigate the putative role of serotonin receptors in the initiation of phrenic long-term depression in anaesthetized rats. What is the main finding and its importance? Phrenic nerve long-term depression was revealed in animals pretreated with the serotonin broad-spectrum antagonist, methysergide. This study highlights that serotonin receptors modulate respiratory plasticity evoked by acute intermittent hypercapnia in anaesthetized rats. This study was performed to test the hypothesis that intermittent hypercapnia can evoke a form of respiratory plasticity known as long-term depression of the phrenic nerve (pLTD) and that 5-HT receptors play a role in the initiation of pLTD. Adult male urethane-anaesthetized, vagotomized, paralysed, mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to an acute intermittent hypercapnia protocol. One group received i.v. injection of the non-selective 5-HT receptor antagonist methysergide and another group received i.v. injection of the selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist WAY-100635 20 min before exposure to intermittent hypercapnia. A control group received i.v. injection of saline. Peak phrenic nerve activity and respiratory rhythm parameters were analysed at baseline (T0), during each of five hypercapnic episodes, and 15, 30 and 60 min (T60) after the last hypercapnia. Intravenous injection of methysergide before exposure to acute intermittent hypercapnia induced development of amplitude pLTD at T60 (decreased by 46.1 ± 6.9%, P = 0.003). Conversely, in control and WAY-100635-pretreated animals, exposure to acute intermittent hypercapnia did not evoke amplitude pLTD. However, a long-term decrease in phrenic nerve frequency was evoked both in control (42 ± 4 breaths min(-1) at T0 versus 32 ± 5 breaths min(-1) at T60; P = 0.036) and in methysergide-pretreated animals (42 ± 2 breaths min(-1) at T0 versus 32 ± 3 breaths min(-1) at T60; P = 0.028). In WAY-100635 pretreated animals, frequency pLTD was prevented. These results suggest that 5-HT receptors modulate respiratory plasticity induced by acute intermittent hypercapnia in anaesthetized rats.

Research paper thumbnail of Serotonergic modulation of hypercapnia induced respiratory plasticity - changes in phrenic nerve activity

European Respiratory Journal, Sep 1, 2014

Intermittent hypercapnia, along with hypoxia, is a concomitant feature seen in obstructive sleep ... more Intermittent hypercapnia, along with hypoxia, is a concomitant feature seen in obstructive sleep apnea patients. Intermittent hypercapnia can evoke long-term depression of phrenic nerve activity, but inconsistency in its manifestation, indicates involvement of additional factors. This study was performed to investigate effects of episodic hypercapnia, and the role of intravenous injection of 5-HT receptors antagonist methysergide on phrenic nerve activity after exposures to intermittent hypercapnic stimulus. Twelve, male, urethane anesthetized, vagotomized, paralyzed, mechanically ventilated Sprague-Dawley rats, were exposed to the acute intermittent hypercapnia protocol. Protocol consisted of 5 hypercapnic episodes (15% CO2), each lasting for 3 min (HC, control group, N=7). Experimental group (MeHC group, N=5) received an intravenous injection of methysergide, before the onset of the first hypercapnia.Peak phrenic nerve amplitude (pPNA), burst frequency, and breathing rhythm parameters were analyzed during the first hypercapnia, at 15, 30, and 60 minutes after the end of the last hypercapnia, and compared to the baseline values. In HC group, non-significant changes of the pPNA were observed 15, 30 and 60 minutes after the last hypercapnia (pPNA was 107.3±16.6%, 84.1±21.0% and 92.5±18.5%, respectively, p>0.999). In MeHC group, significant decrease of pPNA 15, 30 and 60 min after the last hypercapnia was observed (64.1±5.0%, 57.9±6.8% and 49.6±6.7%, respectively, p Administration of methysergide prior to the onset of the hypercapnia protocol intensified depression of the phrenic nerve activity following intermittent hypercapnia exposure. HRZZ 09/165.