J. González-gordillo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by J. González-gordillo

Research paper thumbnail of Vertical biogeographical overview of zooplankton: preliminary results of the Malaspina expedition 2010-2011

Research paper thumbnail of Vertical variability of trophic positions of zooplankton in the deep ocean

Informatica Didactica, 2015

Malaspina 2010 (Consolider CSD-2008-00077); (BIO-PROF). Proyecto 10MMA604024PR. Xunta de Galicia)

Research paper thumbnail of DNA barcoding allows identification of undescribed crab megalopas from the open sea

Scientific Reports, 2021

Megalopas of 15 brachyuran crab species collected in the open sea plankton, and unknown until now... more Megalopas of 15 brachyuran crab species collected in the open sea plankton, and unknown until now, were identified using DNA barcodes (COI and 16S rRNA). Specimens belonging to the families Portunidae, Pseudorhombilidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), and corresponding to the species Achelous floridanus, Arenaeus mexicanus, Callinectes amnicola, C. arcuatus, C. ornatus, C. toxones, Charybdis (Charybdis) hellerii, Portunus hastatus, Thalamita admete, Scopolius nuttingi, Etisus odhneri, Liomera cinctimanus, Neoliomera cerasinus, Pseudoliomera variolosa, and Williamstimpsonia stimpsoni, are described and illustrated, and compared with other congeneric species previously described. We also provide a new geographical record for N. cerasinus and the most remarkable features for each species.

Research paper thumbnail of An inshore–offshore sorting system revealed from global classification of ocean litter

Nature Sustainability, 2021

The surge of research on marine litter is generating important information on its inputs, distrib... more The surge of research on marine litter is generating important information on its inputs, distribution and impacts, but data on the nature and origin of the litter remain scattered. Here, we harmonize worldwide litter-type inventories across seven major aquatic environments and find that a set of plastic items from take-out food and beverages largely dominates global litter, followed by those resulting from fishing activities. Compositional differences between environments point to a trend for litter to be trapped in nearshore areas so that land-sourced plastic is released to the open ocean, predominantly as small plastic fragments. The world differences in the composition of the nearshore litter sink reflected socioeconomic drivers, with a reduced relative weight of single-use items in high-income countries. Overall, this study helps inform urgently needed actions to manage the production, use and fate of the most polluting human-made items on our planet, but the challenge remains substantial.

Research paper thumbnail of Large deep-sea zooplankton biomass mirrors primary production in the global ocean

Nature Communications, 2020

The biological pump transports organic carbon produced by photosynthesis to the meso- and bathype... more The biological pump transports organic carbon produced by photosynthesis to the meso- and bathypelagic zones, the latter removing carbon from exchanging with the atmosphere over centennial time scales. Organisms living in both zones are supported by a passive flux of particles, and carbon transported to the deep-sea through vertical zooplankton migrations. Here we report globally-coherent positive relationships between zooplankton biomass in the epi-, meso-, and bathypelagic layers and average net primary production (NPP). We do so based on a global assessment of available deep-sea zooplankton biomass data and large-scale estimates of average NPP. The relationships obtained imply that increased NPP leads to enhanced transference of organic carbon to the deep ocean. Estimated remineralization from respiration rates by deep-sea zooplankton requires a minimum supply of 0.44 Pg C y−1 transported into the bathypelagic ocean, comparable to the passive carbon sequestration. We suggest that...

Research paper thumbnail of Revision of the West African species of Scyllarus Fabricius, 1775 (Decapoda: Achelata: Scyllaridae), with the description of three phyllosoma stages of S. caparti Holthuis, 1952 and an updated identification key

Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2020

West African species of ScyllarusFabricius, 1775 (Achelata, Scyllaridae) are poorly known, mostly... more West African species of ScyllarusFabricius, 1775 (Achelata, Scyllaridae) are poorly known, mostly due to the difficulties of sampling Eastern Atlantic tropical waters. Recent expeditions carried out by the Universidad de Cádiz and the Instituto Español de Oceanografía collected phyllosoma larvae from Cape Verde Islands (CVI) and fresh Scyllarus adults from continental West Africa. Larval stages VII, IX, and X (final stage) of S. capartiHolthuis, 1952 are analyzed using DNA barcoding methods and described for the first time. A comprehensive identification key is provided, summarizing our current knowledge on the phyllosomas of Scyllarus. Together with a revision of museum collections, the new molecular and morphological data obtained here supports the polyphyletic origin of AcantharctusHolthuis, 2002. The West African A. posteli (Forest, 1963) is found to belong to Scyllarus and it is closest to another species from Atlantic shallow waters (i.e. S. paradoxusMiers 1881), whereas the P...

Research paper thumbnail of Description of the first five larval stages of Plesionika narval (Fabricius, 1787) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae) obtained under laboratory conditions

Zootaxa, 2009

The first five zoeal stages of Plesionika narval were obtained from 15 days of laboratory culture... more The first five zoeal stages of Plesionika narval were obtained from 15 days of laboratory culture. All larval stages are described and illustrated in detail. Zoeal characters are compared with the previous described larvae of Plesionika acanthonotus and Plesionika edwardsii and with undetermined zoeas of Pandalidae from plankton samples.

Research paper thumbnail of Large-scale ocean connectivity and planktonic body size

Nature communications, Jan 10, 2018

Global patterns of planktonic diversity are mainly determined by the dispersal of propagules with... more Global patterns of planktonic diversity are mainly determined by the dispersal of propagules with ocean currents. However, the role that abundance and body size play in determining spatial patterns of diversity remains unclear. Here we analyse spatial community structure - β-diversity - for several planktonic and nektonic organisms from prokaryotes to small mesopelagic fishes collected during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. β-diversity was compared to surface ocean transit times derived from a global circulation model, revealing a significant negative relationship that is stronger than environmental differences. Estimated dispersal scales for different groups show a negative correlation with body size, where less abundant large-bodied communities have significantly shorter dispersal scales and larger species spatial turnover rates than more abundant small-bodied plankton. Our results confirm that the dispersal scale of planktonic and micro-nektonic organisms is determined by local ab...

Research paper thumbnail of Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

Zootaxa, 2017

DNA methods may contribute to better understand larval dispersal of marine lobsters. The molecula... more DNA methods may contribute to better understand larval dispersal of marine lobsters. The molecular analysis of phyllosoma specimens from the East Atlantic facilitated for the first time here the description of Scyllarus subarctus Crosnier, 1970 larvae. The identification of S. subarctus phyllosomae from Cabo Verde confirmed that this species has a much wider geographic distribution than previously thought. Moreover, the phylogenetic analyses placed S. depressus from the Western Atlantic together with the African species S. subarctus, instead of other American Scyllarus. In fact, S. depressus and S. subarctus formed a strongly supported clade with comparatively low genetic differentiation, suggesting the possibility that they might be recently-diverged sister taxa with an amphi-Atlantic distribution. Support for this is provided by the examination of S. subarctus larvae and the lack of any qualitative character that would allow for differentiation between the adults of S. subarctus a...

Research paper thumbnail of The Arctic Ocean as a dead end for floating plastics in the North Atlantic branch of the Thermohaline Circulation

Science advances, 2017

The subtropical ocean gyres are recognized as great marine accummulation zones of floating plasti... more The subtropical ocean gyres are recognized as great marine accummulation zones of floating plastic debris; however, the possibility of plastic accumulation at polar latitudes has been overlooked because of the lack of nearby pollution sources. In the present study, the Arctic Ocean was extensively sampled for floating plastic debris from the Tara Oceans circumpolar expedition. Although plastic debris was scarce or absent in most of the Arctic waters, it reached high concentrations (hundreds of thousands of pieces per square kilometer) in the northernmost and easternmost areas of the Greenland and Barents seas. The fragmentation and typology of the plastic suggested an abundant presence of aged debris that originated from distant sources. This hypothesis was corroborated by the relatively high ratios of marine surface plastic to local pollution sources. Surface circulation models and field data showed that the poleward branch of the Thermohaline Circulation transfers floating debris ...

Research paper thumbnail of Larval development of the pea crabAfropinnotheres monodiManning, 1993 (Decapoda, Pinnotheridae) using plankton-collected and laboratory-reared specimens: effects of temperature

Marine Biology Research, 2015

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of temperature on the survival and duration of lar... more The aim of this study was to assess the effect of temperature on the survival and duration of larval development in the African pea crab Afropinnotheres monodi, as well as to describe its larval stages. We studied larvae reared in the laboratory and also specimens collected from plankton from the Gulf of Cádiz at two different temperatures. According to the results of this study, larval development of A. monodi involves four zoea stages and one megalopa and lasts around 25 days at 25°C, and longer than 40 days at 19°C. Such a temperature-related duration of this dispersive phase may be causing a higher recruitment to parental populations during the summer, but a higher dispersal to new locations during the rest of the year, a seasonal pattern of dispersion which could favour the successful expansion of this non-native species into European waters. The identification of both larval phases from plankton samples and adult specimens was carried out using morphological characters and molecular techniques. Both the 16S mtDNA sequences of this species, now available in GenBank, and the larval descriptions provided by this study could help to establish an early alert for the detection of this African species in its northward expansion.

Research paper thumbnail of Ubiquitous healthy diatoms in the deep sea confirm deep carbon injection by the biological pump

Nature Communications, 2015

The role of the ocean as a sink for CO2 is partially dependent on the downward transport of phyto... more The role of the ocean as a sink for CO2 is partially dependent on the downward transport of phytoplankton cells packaged within fast-sinking particles. However, whether such fast-sinking mechanisms deliver fresh organic carbon down to the deep bathypelagic sea and whether this mechanism is prevalent across the ocean requires confirmation. Here we report the ubiquitous presence of healthy photosynthetic cells, dominated by diatoms, down to 4,000 m in the deep dark ocean. Decay experiments with surface phytoplankton suggested that the large proportion (18%) of healthy photosynthetic cells observed, on average, in the dark ocean, requires transport times from a few days to a few weeks, corresponding to sinking rates (124–732 m d−1) comparable to those of fast-sinking aggregates and faecal pellets. These results confirm the expectation that fast-sinking mechanisms inject fresh organic carbon into the deep sea and that this is a prevalent process operating across the global oligotrophic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Early larval morphology of the armed nylon shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Decapoda, Caridea, Pandalidae) from laboratory culture

Zootaxa, 2010

The first four zoeal stages of the shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer were obtained under labora... more The first four zoeal stages of the shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer were obtained under laboratory conditions. The morphology of each larval stage was described and illustrated in detail. The Heterocarpus's larval features fit into the characteristics of the family Pandalidae, and indicate a close relationship with the genus Plesionika.

Research paper thumbnail of Mapping plankton biomass in the deep-ocean: an ecological provinces approach

Figure 1. Location of plankton sampling stations (red dots) in the biogeochemical ocean provinces... more Figure 1. Location of plankton sampling stations (red dots) in the biogeochemical ocean provinces defined in Longhurst (2007).

Research paper thumbnail of Muestreo de fitoplancton para extracción de PUA (Aldehídos Volatiles Poliinsaturados)

Metodología para obtener muestras de fitoplancton para posterior extracción, caracterización y cu... more Metodología para obtener muestras de fitoplancton para posterior extracción, caracterización y cuantificación de Aldehídos volátiles insaturados. Conceptos generales Las diatomeas constituyen un grupo fundamental en las cadenas tróficas marinas tradicionalmente explotadas, protagonizando grandes proliferaciones o blooms en una escala espaciotemporal previsible y asociada a un aumento en la disponibilidad de nutrientes. Durante la última década, numerosos trabajos se han centrado en el estudio de un tipo de compuesto de carácter alelopático liberado por diatomeas. Se trata de aldehídos volátiles poliinsaturados (PUA), eminentemente decadienal y octadienal, que son liberados ante la presión de herbivoría, y por tanto tras un daño celular. De ahí, que una de las funciones atribuidas a este tipo de compuestos sea defensiva, por su toxicidad para el zooplancton consumidor, principalmente copépodos. Este hecho constituye hoy día un punto de discusión importante, especialmente cuando se trata de evaluar las implicaciones tróficas así como el significado ecológico de estas sustancias. Un segundo papel que se ha atribuído a estas sustancias es de señal infoquímica intercelular, pudiendo actuar como reguladoras en la sucesión y colapso de un bloom. Poco se sabe, sin embargo, del efecto que las condiciones ambientales, muy cambiantes en el desarrollo de un bloom, puedan tener en el 673

Research paper thumbnail of Physical control of zooplankton distribution at the Strait of Gibraltar during an episode of internal wave generation

Research paper thumbnail of Oceanographic and behavioural processes affecting invertebrate larval dispersal and supply in the western Iberia upwelling ecosystem

Progress in Oceanography, 2007

The present review addresses recent findings made in the western Iberia ecosystem on the behaviou... more The present review addresses recent findings made in the western Iberia ecosystem on the behavioural and physical interactions that regulate dispersal, supply to coastal habitats and settlement of invertebrate larvae. These studies used the barnacle Chthamalus spp. and the crab Carcinus maenas as model organisms. The observations made on the Iberian shelf showed extensive diel vertical migrations along the water column by representatives of both groups that have never been reported before. The interaction of the diel vertical migration with the two-layer flow structure of upwelling/downwelling circulation suggests a mechanism that may help to retain larvae in shelf waters during upwelling conditions. Measurements of daily supply of C. maenas megalopae to estuaries separated by 500 km disclosed a semilunar pattern, with highest supply around highest amplitude tides, indicating that supply of megalopae to estuaries is accomplished by selective tidal stream transport. Relaxation of equatorward winds also played a role in supply, by enhancing translocation of megalopae to the nearshore. Concerning Chthamalus larvae, the observations on daily settlement made at rocky shores also separated by 500 km showed unclear patterns between locations and years. The relationship of settlement with water temperature, tidal range and upwelling indices indicated that supply of barnacle cyprids may be controlled by multiple mechanisms, viz. upwelling/downwelling circulation, internal tidal bores and sea breezes.

Research paper thumbnail of Planktonic stages of Processa macrodactyla (Decapoda: Caridea: Processidae) reared in the laboratory

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2005

Two ovigerous females of the processid shrimp Processa macrodactyla were caught in April 1997 at ... more Two ovigerous females of the processid shrimp Processa macrodactyla were caught in April 1997 at 13 m depth in coastal waters of Rota, Cádiz Bay, south-western Spain (36°36′N 6°18′W). Rearing was terminated after nine zoeal stages, when larvae moulted to the first juvenile instar. Descriptions of the appendages of every instar have been made so as to: (1) compare the larval morphology with that of other previous described known species in the genus Processa (P. canaliculata, P. edulis, P. elegantula, P. modica, P. nouveli); and (2) with those larvae not ascribed to a certain species in order to facilitate the specific identification of unknown collected planktonic larvae. When describing P. macrodactyla some characters remained, with few exceptions, invariable in their setation form ZI to ZIV or ZV, to then change and maintain until the last zoeal stage. This can be due to intermediate moults, with the result that some larvae unite the characters of Stages ZIV and ZV and others thos...

Research paper thumbnail of Complete larval development of the crab <em>Ilia nucleus</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) reared under laboratory conditions

Scientia Marina, 2009

Ilia nucleus (linnaeus, 1758) reared under laboratory conditions was obtained. the four zoeal sta... more Ilia nucleus (linnaeus, 1758) reared under laboratory conditions was obtained. the four zoeal stages and the megalopa are described and illustrated in detail. the larval features observed in I. nucleus fit into the characteristics of the family proposed by rice (1980) for the zoeal stages and by Quintana (1986) for the megalopa. the morphological characters of larval stages of I. nucleus are compared with previous descriptions, and with those of other known larvae of leucosiidae (only for subfamilies ebaliinae and leucosiinae). the present work supports the hypothesis that the subfamily ebaliinae is a heterogeneous group. For the correct identification of a zoeal stage of a leucosiid crab, besides counting the number of setae on maxilliped exopods, the antennule as well as the pereiopods development should be used as additional characters.

Research paper thumbnail of Large mesopelagic fishes biomass and trophic efficiency in the open ocean

Nature Communications, 2014

With a current estimate of B1,000 million tons, mesopelagic fishes likely dominate the world tota... more With a current estimate of B1,000 million tons, mesopelagic fishes likely dominate the world total fishes biomass. However, recent acoustic observations show that mesopelagic fishes biomass could be significantly larger than the current estimate. Here we combine modelling and a sensitivity analysis of the acoustic observations from the Malaspina 2010 Circumnavigation Expedition to show that the previous estimate needs to be revised to at least one order of magnitude higher. We show that there is a close relationship between the open ocean fishes biomass and primary production, and that the energy transfer efficiency from phytoplankton to mesopelagic fishes in the open ocean is higher than what is typically assumed. Our results indicate that the role of mesopelagic fishes in oceanic ecosystems and global ocean biogeochemical cycles needs to be revised as they may be respiring B10% of the primary production in deep waters.

Research paper thumbnail of Vertical biogeographical overview of zooplankton: preliminary results of the Malaspina expedition 2010-2011

Research paper thumbnail of Vertical variability of trophic positions of zooplankton in the deep ocean

Informatica Didactica, 2015

Malaspina 2010 (Consolider CSD-2008-00077); (BIO-PROF). Proyecto 10MMA604024PR. Xunta de Galicia)

Research paper thumbnail of DNA barcoding allows identification of undescribed crab megalopas from the open sea

Scientific Reports, 2021

Megalopas of 15 brachyuran crab species collected in the open sea plankton, and unknown until now... more Megalopas of 15 brachyuran crab species collected in the open sea plankton, and unknown until now, were identified using DNA barcodes (COI and 16S rRNA). Specimens belonging to the families Portunidae, Pseudorhombilidae and Xanthidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Brachyura), and corresponding to the species Achelous floridanus, Arenaeus mexicanus, Callinectes amnicola, C. arcuatus, C. ornatus, C. toxones, Charybdis (Charybdis) hellerii, Portunus hastatus, Thalamita admete, Scopolius nuttingi, Etisus odhneri, Liomera cinctimanus, Neoliomera cerasinus, Pseudoliomera variolosa, and Williamstimpsonia stimpsoni, are described and illustrated, and compared with other congeneric species previously described. We also provide a new geographical record for N. cerasinus and the most remarkable features for each species.

Research paper thumbnail of An inshore–offshore sorting system revealed from global classification of ocean litter

Nature Sustainability, 2021

The surge of research on marine litter is generating important information on its inputs, distrib... more The surge of research on marine litter is generating important information on its inputs, distribution and impacts, but data on the nature and origin of the litter remain scattered. Here, we harmonize worldwide litter-type inventories across seven major aquatic environments and find that a set of plastic items from take-out food and beverages largely dominates global litter, followed by those resulting from fishing activities. Compositional differences between environments point to a trend for litter to be trapped in nearshore areas so that land-sourced plastic is released to the open ocean, predominantly as small plastic fragments. The world differences in the composition of the nearshore litter sink reflected socioeconomic drivers, with a reduced relative weight of single-use items in high-income countries. Overall, this study helps inform urgently needed actions to manage the production, use and fate of the most polluting human-made items on our planet, but the challenge remains substantial.

Research paper thumbnail of Large deep-sea zooplankton biomass mirrors primary production in the global ocean

Nature Communications, 2020

The biological pump transports organic carbon produced by photosynthesis to the meso- and bathype... more The biological pump transports organic carbon produced by photosynthesis to the meso- and bathypelagic zones, the latter removing carbon from exchanging with the atmosphere over centennial time scales. Organisms living in both zones are supported by a passive flux of particles, and carbon transported to the deep-sea through vertical zooplankton migrations. Here we report globally-coherent positive relationships between zooplankton biomass in the epi-, meso-, and bathypelagic layers and average net primary production (NPP). We do so based on a global assessment of available deep-sea zooplankton biomass data and large-scale estimates of average NPP. The relationships obtained imply that increased NPP leads to enhanced transference of organic carbon to the deep ocean. Estimated remineralization from respiration rates by deep-sea zooplankton requires a minimum supply of 0.44 Pg C y−1 transported into the bathypelagic ocean, comparable to the passive carbon sequestration. We suggest that...

Research paper thumbnail of Revision of the West African species of Scyllarus Fabricius, 1775 (Decapoda: Achelata: Scyllaridae), with the description of three phyllosoma stages of S. caparti Holthuis, 1952 and an updated identification key

Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2020

West African species of ScyllarusFabricius, 1775 (Achelata, Scyllaridae) are poorly known, mostly... more West African species of ScyllarusFabricius, 1775 (Achelata, Scyllaridae) are poorly known, mostly due to the difficulties of sampling Eastern Atlantic tropical waters. Recent expeditions carried out by the Universidad de Cádiz and the Instituto Español de Oceanografía collected phyllosoma larvae from Cape Verde Islands (CVI) and fresh Scyllarus adults from continental West Africa. Larval stages VII, IX, and X (final stage) of S. capartiHolthuis, 1952 are analyzed using DNA barcoding methods and described for the first time. A comprehensive identification key is provided, summarizing our current knowledge on the phyllosomas of Scyllarus. Together with a revision of museum collections, the new molecular and morphological data obtained here supports the polyphyletic origin of AcantharctusHolthuis, 2002. The West African A. posteli (Forest, 1963) is found to belong to Scyllarus and it is closest to another species from Atlantic shallow waters (i.e. S. paradoxusMiers 1881), whereas the P...

Research paper thumbnail of Description of the first five larval stages of Plesionika narval (Fabricius, 1787) (Crustacea, Decapoda, Pandalidae) obtained under laboratory conditions

Zootaxa, 2009

The first five zoeal stages of Plesionika narval were obtained from 15 days of laboratory culture... more The first five zoeal stages of Plesionika narval were obtained from 15 days of laboratory culture. All larval stages are described and illustrated in detail. Zoeal characters are compared with the previous described larvae of Plesionika acanthonotus and Plesionika edwardsii and with undetermined zoeas of Pandalidae from plankton samples.

Research paper thumbnail of Large-scale ocean connectivity and planktonic body size

Nature communications, Jan 10, 2018

Global patterns of planktonic diversity are mainly determined by the dispersal of propagules with... more Global patterns of planktonic diversity are mainly determined by the dispersal of propagules with ocean currents. However, the role that abundance and body size play in determining spatial patterns of diversity remains unclear. Here we analyse spatial community structure - β-diversity - for several planktonic and nektonic organisms from prokaryotes to small mesopelagic fishes collected during the Malaspina 2010 Expedition. β-diversity was compared to surface ocean transit times derived from a global circulation model, revealing a significant negative relationship that is stronger than environmental differences. Estimated dispersal scales for different groups show a negative correlation with body size, where less abundant large-bodied communities have significantly shorter dispersal scales and larger species spatial turnover rates than more abundant small-bodied plankton. Our results confirm that the dispersal scale of planktonic and micro-nektonic organisms is determined by local ab...

Research paper thumbnail of Possible amphi-Atlantic dispersal of Scyllarus lobsters (Crustacea: Scyllaridae): molecular and larval evidence

Zootaxa, 2017

DNA methods may contribute to better understand larval dispersal of marine lobsters. The molecula... more DNA methods may contribute to better understand larval dispersal of marine lobsters. The molecular analysis of phyllosoma specimens from the East Atlantic facilitated for the first time here the description of Scyllarus subarctus Crosnier, 1970 larvae. The identification of S. subarctus phyllosomae from Cabo Verde confirmed that this species has a much wider geographic distribution than previously thought. Moreover, the phylogenetic analyses placed S. depressus from the Western Atlantic together with the African species S. subarctus, instead of other American Scyllarus. In fact, S. depressus and S. subarctus formed a strongly supported clade with comparatively low genetic differentiation, suggesting the possibility that they might be recently-diverged sister taxa with an amphi-Atlantic distribution. Support for this is provided by the examination of S. subarctus larvae and the lack of any qualitative character that would allow for differentiation between the adults of S. subarctus a...

Research paper thumbnail of The Arctic Ocean as a dead end for floating plastics in the North Atlantic branch of the Thermohaline Circulation

Science advances, 2017

The subtropical ocean gyres are recognized as great marine accummulation zones of floating plasti... more The subtropical ocean gyres are recognized as great marine accummulation zones of floating plastic debris; however, the possibility of plastic accumulation at polar latitudes has been overlooked because of the lack of nearby pollution sources. In the present study, the Arctic Ocean was extensively sampled for floating plastic debris from the Tara Oceans circumpolar expedition. Although plastic debris was scarce or absent in most of the Arctic waters, it reached high concentrations (hundreds of thousands of pieces per square kilometer) in the northernmost and easternmost areas of the Greenland and Barents seas. The fragmentation and typology of the plastic suggested an abundant presence of aged debris that originated from distant sources. This hypothesis was corroborated by the relatively high ratios of marine surface plastic to local pollution sources. Surface circulation models and field data showed that the poleward branch of the Thermohaline Circulation transfers floating debris ...

Research paper thumbnail of Larval development of the pea crabAfropinnotheres monodiManning, 1993 (Decapoda, Pinnotheridae) using plankton-collected and laboratory-reared specimens: effects of temperature

Marine Biology Research, 2015

The aim of this study was to assess the effect of temperature on the survival and duration of lar... more The aim of this study was to assess the effect of temperature on the survival and duration of larval development in the African pea crab Afropinnotheres monodi, as well as to describe its larval stages. We studied larvae reared in the laboratory and also specimens collected from plankton from the Gulf of Cádiz at two different temperatures. According to the results of this study, larval development of A. monodi involves four zoea stages and one megalopa and lasts around 25 days at 25°C, and longer than 40 days at 19°C. Such a temperature-related duration of this dispersive phase may be causing a higher recruitment to parental populations during the summer, but a higher dispersal to new locations during the rest of the year, a seasonal pattern of dispersion which could favour the successful expansion of this non-native species into European waters. The identification of both larval phases from plankton samples and adult specimens was carried out using morphological characters and molecular techniques. Both the 16S mtDNA sequences of this species, now available in GenBank, and the larval descriptions provided by this study could help to establish an early alert for the detection of this African species in its northward expansion.

Research paper thumbnail of Ubiquitous healthy diatoms in the deep sea confirm deep carbon injection by the biological pump

Nature Communications, 2015

The role of the ocean as a sink for CO2 is partially dependent on the downward transport of phyto... more The role of the ocean as a sink for CO2 is partially dependent on the downward transport of phytoplankton cells packaged within fast-sinking particles. However, whether such fast-sinking mechanisms deliver fresh organic carbon down to the deep bathypelagic sea and whether this mechanism is prevalent across the ocean requires confirmation. Here we report the ubiquitous presence of healthy photosynthetic cells, dominated by diatoms, down to 4,000 m in the deep dark ocean. Decay experiments with surface phytoplankton suggested that the large proportion (18%) of healthy photosynthetic cells observed, on average, in the dark ocean, requires transport times from a few days to a few weeks, corresponding to sinking rates (124–732 m d−1) comparable to those of fast-sinking aggregates and faecal pellets. These results confirm the expectation that fast-sinking mechanisms inject fresh organic carbon into the deep sea and that this is a prevalent process operating across the global oligotrophic ...

Research paper thumbnail of Early larval morphology of the armed nylon shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer A. Milne-Edwards, 1881 (Decapoda, Caridea, Pandalidae) from laboratory culture

Zootaxa, 2010

The first four zoeal stages of the shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer were obtained under labora... more The first four zoeal stages of the shrimp Heterocarpus ensifer ensifer were obtained under laboratory conditions. The morphology of each larval stage was described and illustrated in detail. The Heterocarpus's larval features fit into the characteristics of the family Pandalidae, and indicate a close relationship with the genus Plesionika.

Research paper thumbnail of Mapping plankton biomass in the deep-ocean: an ecological provinces approach

Figure 1. Location of plankton sampling stations (red dots) in the biogeochemical ocean provinces... more Figure 1. Location of plankton sampling stations (red dots) in the biogeochemical ocean provinces defined in Longhurst (2007).

Research paper thumbnail of Muestreo de fitoplancton para extracción de PUA (Aldehídos Volatiles Poliinsaturados)

Metodología para obtener muestras de fitoplancton para posterior extracción, caracterización y cu... more Metodología para obtener muestras de fitoplancton para posterior extracción, caracterización y cuantificación de Aldehídos volátiles insaturados. Conceptos generales Las diatomeas constituyen un grupo fundamental en las cadenas tróficas marinas tradicionalmente explotadas, protagonizando grandes proliferaciones o blooms en una escala espaciotemporal previsible y asociada a un aumento en la disponibilidad de nutrientes. Durante la última década, numerosos trabajos se han centrado en el estudio de un tipo de compuesto de carácter alelopático liberado por diatomeas. Se trata de aldehídos volátiles poliinsaturados (PUA), eminentemente decadienal y octadienal, que son liberados ante la presión de herbivoría, y por tanto tras un daño celular. De ahí, que una de las funciones atribuidas a este tipo de compuestos sea defensiva, por su toxicidad para el zooplancton consumidor, principalmente copépodos. Este hecho constituye hoy día un punto de discusión importante, especialmente cuando se trata de evaluar las implicaciones tróficas así como el significado ecológico de estas sustancias. Un segundo papel que se ha atribuído a estas sustancias es de señal infoquímica intercelular, pudiendo actuar como reguladoras en la sucesión y colapso de un bloom. Poco se sabe, sin embargo, del efecto que las condiciones ambientales, muy cambiantes en el desarrollo de un bloom, puedan tener en el 673

Research paper thumbnail of Physical control of zooplankton distribution at the Strait of Gibraltar during an episode of internal wave generation

Research paper thumbnail of Oceanographic and behavioural processes affecting invertebrate larval dispersal and supply in the western Iberia upwelling ecosystem

Progress in Oceanography, 2007

The present review addresses recent findings made in the western Iberia ecosystem on the behaviou... more The present review addresses recent findings made in the western Iberia ecosystem on the behavioural and physical interactions that regulate dispersal, supply to coastal habitats and settlement of invertebrate larvae. These studies used the barnacle Chthamalus spp. and the crab Carcinus maenas as model organisms. The observations made on the Iberian shelf showed extensive diel vertical migrations along the water column by representatives of both groups that have never been reported before. The interaction of the diel vertical migration with the two-layer flow structure of upwelling/downwelling circulation suggests a mechanism that may help to retain larvae in shelf waters during upwelling conditions. Measurements of daily supply of C. maenas megalopae to estuaries separated by 500 km disclosed a semilunar pattern, with highest supply around highest amplitude tides, indicating that supply of megalopae to estuaries is accomplished by selective tidal stream transport. Relaxation of equatorward winds also played a role in supply, by enhancing translocation of megalopae to the nearshore. Concerning Chthamalus larvae, the observations on daily settlement made at rocky shores also separated by 500 km showed unclear patterns between locations and years. The relationship of settlement with water temperature, tidal range and upwelling indices indicated that supply of barnacle cyprids may be controlled by multiple mechanisms, viz. upwelling/downwelling circulation, internal tidal bores and sea breezes.

Research paper thumbnail of Planktonic stages of Processa macrodactyla (Decapoda: Caridea: Processidae) reared in the laboratory

Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 2005

Two ovigerous females of the processid shrimp Processa macrodactyla were caught in April 1997 at ... more Two ovigerous females of the processid shrimp Processa macrodactyla were caught in April 1997 at 13 m depth in coastal waters of Rota, Cádiz Bay, south-western Spain (36°36′N 6°18′W). Rearing was terminated after nine zoeal stages, when larvae moulted to the first juvenile instar. Descriptions of the appendages of every instar have been made so as to: (1) compare the larval morphology with that of other previous described known species in the genus Processa (P. canaliculata, P. edulis, P. elegantula, P. modica, P. nouveli); and (2) with those larvae not ascribed to a certain species in order to facilitate the specific identification of unknown collected planktonic larvae. When describing P. macrodactyla some characters remained, with few exceptions, invariable in their setation form ZI to ZIV or ZV, to then change and maintain until the last zoeal stage. This can be due to intermediate moults, with the result that some larvae unite the characters of Stages ZIV and ZV and others thos...

Research paper thumbnail of Complete larval development of the crab <em>Ilia nucleus</em> (Linnaeus, 1758) (Decapoda: Brachyura: Leucosiidae) reared under laboratory conditions

Scientia Marina, 2009

Ilia nucleus (linnaeus, 1758) reared under laboratory conditions was obtained. the four zoeal sta... more Ilia nucleus (linnaeus, 1758) reared under laboratory conditions was obtained. the four zoeal stages and the megalopa are described and illustrated in detail. the larval features observed in I. nucleus fit into the characteristics of the family proposed by rice (1980) for the zoeal stages and by Quintana (1986) for the megalopa. the morphological characters of larval stages of I. nucleus are compared with previous descriptions, and with those of other known larvae of leucosiidae (only for subfamilies ebaliinae and leucosiinae). the present work supports the hypothesis that the subfamily ebaliinae is a heterogeneous group. For the correct identification of a zoeal stage of a leucosiid crab, besides counting the number of setae on maxilliped exopods, the antennule as well as the pereiopods development should be used as additional characters.

Research paper thumbnail of Large mesopelagic fishes biomass and trophic efficiency in the open ocean

Nature Communications, 2014

With a current estimate of B1,000 million tons, mesopelagic fishes likely dominate the world tota... more With a current estimate of B1,000 million tons, mesopelagic fishes likely dominate the world total fishes biomass. However, recent acoustic observations show that mesopelagic fishes biomass could be significantly larger than the current estimate. Here we combine modelling and a sensitivity analysis of the acoustic observations from the Malaspina 2010 Circumnavigation Expedition to show that the previous estimate needs to be revised to at least one order of magnitude higher. We show that there is a close relationship between the open ocean fishes biomass and primary production, and that the energy transfer efficiency from phytoplankton to mesopelagic fishes in the open ocean is higher than what is typically assumed. Our results indicate that the role of mesopelagic fishes in oceanic ecosystems and global ocean biogeochemical cycles needs to be revised as they may be respiring B10% of the primary production in deep waters.