J. I. Brand - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by J. I. Brand

ECS Meeting Abstracts, 2006

The Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2007

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2010

Page 1. The K-shell Auger electron spectrum of gadolinium obtained using neutron capture in a sol... more Page 1. The K-shell Auger electron spectrum of gadolinium obtained using neutron capture in a solid state device This article has been downloaded from IOPscience. Please scroll down to see the full text article. 2010 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 43 075502 ...

Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2005

Applied Physics Letters, 2004

During exposure to synchrotron radiation, closo 1,7-dicarbadodecaborane ͑metacarborane͒ and closo... more During exposure to synchrotron radiation, closo 1,7-dicarbadodecaborane ͑metacarborane͒ and closo 1,2-dicarbadodecaborane ͑orthocarborane͒ decompose, and are accompanied by increasingly evident photoemission surface photovoltage effects. We show that metacarborane and orthocarborane form self-doped n-type and p-type boron-carbides, respectively. Surface photovoltage effects dominate the photoemission final state, not the changes in electronic structure due to decomposition.

Materials Science and Engineering: B, 2006

Coal gasification and hydrocarbonization wastewaters were treated in a series of bench-scale unit... more Coal gasification and hydrocarbonization wastewaters were treated in a series of bench-scale unit operations representative of a conceptual treatment process. Ammonia stripping, biological oxidation, ozonation and carbon adsorption were performed with sampling before and after each major unit operation. In addition to monitoring more traditional parameters of treatment effectiveness, such as total carbon and phenol removal, acute toxicity and mutagenicity studies were done on these samples, both before and after fractionation. The major mutagenic activity of these wastes was in the basic and neutral fractions. Toxicity of untreated wastes was primarily due to organics, but toxicity after removal of the organics was also significant. Significant reduction in mutagenicity during primary processing steps was accompanied by high concentrations of known mutagens in the sludges produced during these steps, thus indicating that future research focusing on these sludges is desirable.

Semiconducting boron carbide overlayers, formed from the decomposition of orthocarborane and meta... more Semiconducting boron carbide overlayers, formed from the decomposition of orthocarborane and metacarborane have been studied by angle resolved photoemission. The incurrence of surface photovoltage and the photovoltaic process, from the photoemission experiment, reveal band offsets in the orthocarborane multilayer configurations that are invereted relative to single layer configurations. Defect induced gap states which trap charge at the heterostructure interface is used as one explanation of these results. The role of defects is also used to help illuminate why opposite semiconducting type materials are formed from the decomposition of isomer carborane molecules.

The fabrication, initial structural characterization and diode measurements are reported for the ... more The fabrication, initial structural characterization and diode measurements are reported for the first boron carbide / silicon carbide heterojunction diode. Current-voltage curves obtained for operation at temperatures from 24 C to 388 C. PECVD-deposited undoped boron carbide material is highly crystalline and consists of a variety of polytypes of B-C with crystal sizes as large as 110 nm. Crystal phases are similar to those for PECVD B-C on Si but only partially match known boron and boron-rich B-C phases.

Multi-dimensional meta-analysis (MDMA) is an innovative technique for investigating complex scien... more Multi-dimensional meta-analysis (MDMA) is an innovative technique for investigating complex scientific problems influenced by "external" factors, such as social, medical, economic, political or climatic trends. MDMA extends traditional meta-analysis by identifying significant data from diverse and independent disciplines ("orthogonal dimensions") and incorporating truth tables and non-parametric analysis methods in the interpretation protocol. In this paper, we outline the methodology of MDMA. We then demonstrates how to apply the method to a specific problem: the relationship between asthma and air particulates. The conclusions from the example show that the further reduction of atmospheric particulate levels is not necessarily the answer to the increasing asthma incidence. This example also demonstrates the strength of this method of analysis for complex problems.

An increase in the density of states between the oxygen 2p bands and the Fermi level is seen with... more An increase in the density of states between the oxygen 2p bands and the Fermi level is seen with increasing Gd concentrations. In addition, for the Gd-doped HfO2 films, the Gd 4f photoexcitation peak at 5.5 eV below the valence band maximum was identified using resonant photoemission. Electrical measurements show pronounced rectification properties for lightly-doped Gd:HfO2 films on p-Si and for heavily-doped Gd:HfO2 films on n-Si, suggesting a crossover from n-type to p-type behavior with increasing doping level. In addition, there is an increase in the reverse bias current with neutron irradiation.

The US Department of Energy Gasifiers in Industry program is part of a large-scale activity to de... more The US Department of Energy Gasifiers in Industry program is part of a large-scale activity to develop and improve technologies for conversion of coal into clean gaseous fuels that can be used as substitutes for oil and natural gas. As part of this program the Life Sciences Synthetic Fuels Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory was commissioned by DOE to implement an extensive environmental monitoring and sampling program at the University of Minnesota-Duluth coal gasifier. One aspect of the monitoring program involved the establishment of an on-line sampling and analysis system for the gasifier plant. This paper documents the computer software developed for the on-line monitoring program. All information needed to operate the data-logging programs at the UMD gasifier is included.

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United StatesGovernm... more This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United StatesGovernment. Neitherthe United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, contractors, subcontractors, or their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, nor assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party's use or the results of such use of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed in this report, nor represents that its use by such third party would not-infringe privately owned rights.

MRS Proceedings, 1988

ABSTRACTThin alumina films are grown on a silicon substrate, in vacuum, at a rate of about 10 Å p... more ABSTRACTThin alumina films are grown on a silicon substrate, in vacuum, at a rate of about 10 Å per second, and at substrate temperatures below 1500C. Alumina is dissolved in supercritical water and the resulting solution expanded in a supersonic free jet, which is directed at the substrate. The films are characterized by ESCA and FTIR.