Jyotika Ramaprasad - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jyotika Ramaprasad

Routledge eBooks, Nov 22, 2017

Following three landmark studies in South Africa, Kenya and Uganda that found male circumcision s... more Following three landmark studies in South Africa, Kenya and Uganda that found male circumcision significantly reduced the risk of female-to-male transmission of HIV, researchers have argued that consideration should be given to the acceptability and feasibility of providing safe services for male circumcision as an HIV prevention strategy in areas of Africa where men are not traditionally circumcised. UNAIDS/WHO have recommended scaling up MC efforts and noted that it is critical that any scale up efforts include communication that is based on formative research. This study is an attempt to provide such research and uses the health belief model and the theory of reasoned action as the foundation for collecting data on Ugandan males' beliefs to explain their attitudes toward circumcision and intent to get circumcised. This study surveyed males residing in two slums in Kampala, Uganda, and found that respondents' intent to get circumcised was relatively high and their attitude towards circumcision was favorable. Results also showed that all the variables in the HBM and RAPB help to explain attitude and intent to get circumcised but that promotional efforts might want to emphasize true benefits.

Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 2019

Contemporary Brics Journalism, 2017

Digital Journalism

Killings, as the most extreme form of violence against journalists, receive considerable attentio... more Killings, as the most extreme form of violence against journalists, receive considerable attention, but journalists experience a variety of threats from surveillance to gendered cyber targeting and hate speech, or even the intentional deprivation of their financial basis. This article provides a comprehensive, interdisciplinary framework of journalists’ safety, summarized in a conceptual model. The aim is to advance the study of journalists’ safety and improve safety practices, journalism education, advocacy, and policy making - vital as press freedom and fundamental human rights face multifaceted challenges, compromising journalists’ ability to serve their societies. Journalists’ occupational safety comprises personal (physical, psychological) and infrastructural (digital, financial) dimensions. Safety can be objective and subjective by operating on material and perceptional levels. It is moderated by individual (micro), organizational/institutional (meso), and systemic (macro) risk factors, rooted in power dynamics defining boundaries for journalists’ work, which, if crossed, result in threats and create work-related stress. Stress requires coping, ideally resulting in resilience and resistance, and manifested in journalists’ continued role performance with autonomy. Compromised safety has personal and social consequences as threats might affect role performance and even lead to an exit from the profession, thus also affecting journalism’s wider function as a key institution.

Journalism Quarterly, 1990

Content analysis of 410 prime time television commercials sampled from four Japanese television s... more Content analysis of 410 prime time television commercials sampled from four Japanese television stations finds that, at all product involvement levels, Japanese commercials use the emotional appeal more than the informational appeal, sometimes with very indirect product selling approaches. At the same time, only a small percentage of these commercials do not use information cues at all. In the sample, the modal length was 15 seconds and the modal product was food/drinks. Also, Western influence was evident: a majority of the commercials used spoken and written English and about a sixth used Western music and non-Japanese (particularly Western) characters; the Japanese attach attributes such as modernism and value to Western symbols.

Journalism Quarterly, 1992

This study compares the information content of American and Japanese television commercials, part... more This study compares the information content of American and Japanese television commercials, particularly by strategy, within the context of the standardization debate. Most American and Japanese commercials used information cues, emphasizing similar kinds of information. But they differed in the average number of cues employed in some product and strategy categories. If standardization implies universality in advertising strategy and tactics, findings of this study suggest caution in trying to use the same advertising approaches in both the United States and Japan.

Journal of Interactive Advertising, 2005

Based on traditional rational consumer theories about beliefs preceding intent to act and knowled... more Based on traditional rational consumer theories about beliefs preceding intent to act and knowledge preceding behavior, this study proposed, and empirically tested, a hierarchical path model of decision making in the online environment, focusing on the Internet's role in two decision stages: pre-purchase search and evaluation, and actual purchase. Both direct and indirect effects were posited in the sequential model using four Internet related variables: pre-purchase search beliefs, purchase beliefs, actual pre-purchase search, and actual purchase. The empirical test was conducted among consumers in the United States and India with 291 respondents taking the online survey (186 for the United States, 105 for India). For both U.S. and Indian respondents, each conceptualized stage of online decision making was significantly impacted by the stages preceding it, either directly or indirectly. In terms of direct effects, an antecedent Internet belief variable (pre-purchase search beliefs) impacted a consequent belief variable (purchase beliefs), and an antecedent action variable (pre-purchase search) impacted a consequent action variable (purchase). Further, the consequent belief variable (purchase beliefs) impacted the immediately following antecedent action variable (pre-purchase search). In terms of indirect effects, all antecedent variables impacted consequent variables at each stage of the model.

Journal of Advertising, 1995

Page 1. Standardized Multinational Advertising: The Influencing Factors Tom Duncan and Jyotika Ra... more Page 1. Standardized Multinational Advertising: The Influencing Factors Tom Duncan and Jyotika Ramaprasad Advertising for multinational products uses standardization most often in strategy, less often in executions, and least often in language. ...

Asian Journal of Communication, 2012

The study of the ethical use of new technologies in journalistic work is imperative given the wid... more The study of the ethical use of new technologies in journalistic work is imperative given the widespread use of such technology. This paper describes and discusses an exploratory study about the ethics of Indian journalists' practices involving the use of new computer and Internet-based technologies in information gathering and news writing. This paper begins to fill the gap in the study of the ethics of Indian newsgathering practices, particularly in the study of how new technology impacts newsgathering. This study used a qualitative in-depth interview method. The study determined that new digital technology was widely accessible to journalists, but not all journalists were given tools by their employers and that they were unfamiliar with the concept of convergence. Ethical problem areas were analyzed that revealed varying levels of conflict in professional behavior and use of technology: attribution of online information, general use of online content, plagiarism of Web-based news, use of direct quotations found online without proper sourcing and attribution, use of personal information in news stories that was originally located online, privacy and use of information found online, use of proprietary business or corporate information found online, misrepresentation of identity using e-mail and instant messaging to obtain information, publication of confidential information without permission, use of the threat of publication of information online to pressure sources, and unauthorized use of online video, such as that found on YouTube, on television channels Indian Journalists' Use of New Technology: Ethical Issues

Asian Journal of Communication, 1993

This study compared American and Japanese youth preferences for informa tion sources and advertis... more This study compared American and Japanese youth preferences for informa tion sources and advertising content within the context of their respective cultures' relationship and communication values. It found larger parental involvement and smaller media use for Japanese students. In an interesting reversal from cultural expectations, Japanese students ranked advertising as the most important information source and family as considerably less important, while American students did the opposite. Friends, not family, were the important interpersonal information source for the Japanese. Japanese consumers of the '90s may be 'holonic': able to be both individual istic and in harmony with groups important to them. The Japanese youth preferences for advertising content-indirect, symbolic, visual, emotional, with infrequent brand identification-were more in line with expectations.

International Communication Gazette, 1996

It is alleged that the Western press coverage of developing nations is largely negative; it ignor... more It is alleged that the Western press coverage of developing nations is largely negative; it ignores the cultural, social and development activities and initiatives of disadvantaged countries. This study was undertaken to see how India's population control and family planning efforts were covered in the New York Times [ NYT] between 1951 and 1990. The research method used was content analysis. The NYT was selected as the sample American newspaper. During the 40-year period under study, NYT published 249 population and family planning stories on India. Each of these news stories in the NYT was categorized into different themes. The study identified 11 themes which were then classified into themes more or less likely to get covered based on Westem news values. NYT, by and large, covered India's family planning efforts when they were associated with themes such as politics, civil unrest and religious differences (in line with Western news values) and not as part of the process o...

International Communication Gazette, 1983

Diplomacy was until recently a very private affair. In the days before World War I, diplomats spo... more Diplomacy was until recently a very private affair. In the days before World War I, diplomats spoke discreetly to one another about matters of common concern, and just as quietly reached agreements and drew up documents (Lee, 1968; Reston, 1972). This practice is now referred to as the &dquo;old&dquo; diplomacy. Washburn reminisces about the beginning of the end of the old diplomacy: &dquo;When Britain’s Foreign Minister, Lord Palmerston, was told about the invention of the telegraph, his reaction was: ’This is the end of diplomacy....’ (H)e was right in sensing that rapid communications would pose a threat to old-style personal diplomacy.&dquo; (Washburn, 1978, p. 2) The &dquo;new&dquo; diplomacy of today is &dquo;public diplomacy,&dquo; variously defined, but essentially incorporating a role for the public in diplomatic undertakings. In the literature on the relationship between the press and diplomacy, this is almost about the closest authors have come to a recognition of the phenomenon of media diplomacy. On the whole, there is little acknowledgement of the media’s role in diplomacy in &dquo;diplomatic&dquo; literature and little study of the diplomatic function of the mass media in media literature. This lack of literature on media diplomacy per se is not surprising in view of the recency of the phenomenon at least in terms of magnitude and visibility. Also, it is not a very easy subject to research, particularly in a society which espouses an independent (from the government) role for the press. Theoretically, the media continuum in the world ranges from the

International Communication …, 2006

... Egypt fell prey to British colonial rule when its government was seized in 1882 (Butt, 1987).... more ... Egypt fell prey to British colonial rule when its government was seized in 1882 (Butt, 1987). ... This resulted in the 1952 Free Officers' Revolution. Gamal Abdel Nasser,2 who spearheaded the revol-ution, became President of Egypt in 1954 (Butt, 1987). ...