J. Van Der Valk - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by J. Van Der Valk

Research paper thumbnail of The use of fetal bovine serum: ethical or scientific problem?

Summary - Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common component of animal cell culture media. FBS is har... more Summary - Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common component of animal cell culture media. FBS is harvested from bovine fetuses taken from pregnant cows during slaughter. FBS is commonly harvested by means of a cardiac puncture without any form of anaesthesia. Fetuses are likely exposed to pain and/or discomfort and therefore current practice of fetal blood harvest is inhumane.

Research paper thumbnail of The establishment of human research tissue banking in the UK and several western European countries. The report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 44

Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA

... ANDERSON Robert (1) ; BALLS Michael (2) ; BURKE M. Danny (3) ; CUMMINS Marie (4) ; FEHILY Dei... more ... ANDERSON Robert (1) ; BALLS Michael (2) ; BURKE M. Danny (3) ; CUMMINS Marie (4) ; FEHILY Deirdre (5) ; GRAY Neil (6) ; DE GROOT Marleen G. (7) ; HELIN Heikki (8) ; HUNT Charles (9) ; JONES David (10) ; PRICE David (11) ; RICHERT Lysiane (12) ; RAVID Rivka (13 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Alternatives to the Use of Animals in Higher Education: The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM (European Centre for the Validation of Alternate Methods) Workshop 33

Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA

Research paper thumbnail of Fourth meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Banks – Future strategy to increase collaborations in the supply of human tissue for biomedical research

This report records the Fourth meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Bank (Brussels,... more This report records the Fourth meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Bank (Brussels, 18th March 2004) which was attended by Mel Read MEP. The existing membership of this informal group represents European Human Research Tissue Bankers, biomedical researchers seeking access to human tissue and allied groups including animal welfare representatives. This Fourth meeting provided a forum to update members on individual activity in this area. A particular focus of this meeting was to consider the status of this group and future affiliations to increase the profile and activity of this Network. This meeting addressed differences in legislative and ethical requirements governing the use of human tissue in biomedical research in the different countries represented. Future activity of the ENRTB, planned at this meeting, will target harmonisation of current differences which are currently barriers to increased access to human tissue for biomedical research. Through the harmonisation of procurement, processing and distribution of human

Research paper thumbnail of Eleventh International Workshop on In Vitro Toxicology

Toxicology in Vitro, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Twelfth International Workshop on In Vitro Toxicology

Toxicology in Vitro, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of The humane collection of fetal bovine serum and possibilities for serum-free cell and tissue culture

Toxicology in Vitro, 2004

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common supplement to in vitro culture media. A workshop was organiz... more Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common supplement to in vitro culture media. A workshop was organized to discuss whether or not fetuses might suffer when blood is withdrawn, and to discuss serum replacement methods. When bovine fetuses are exposed after slaughter of the dam, they can suffer only if they inflate their lungs with air and increase their blood oxygen to levels compatible with awareness. Preventing fetuses from breathing air or killing them by an efficient method, according to clearly defined safeguards, ensures that fetal blood collection is humane. Since serum is a supplement of unknown composition, which could be contaminated with unwanted factors, there are scientific and safety reasons for omitting FBS from culture media. Several media have been developed in which minimal or no animal derived components are present. Also, different cell types have been adapted to serum-free media. As yet, no standard serum free media are present, and each cell type requires its own medium composition. Among other recommendations, the establishment of a public database with information on cell types and their serumfree medium composition is proposed. #

Research paper thumbnail of ESTIV questionnaire on the acquisition and use of primary human cells and tissue in toxicology

Toxicology in Vitro, 2005

The ability to use human cells and tissues in toxicology research and testing has the benefit tha... more The ability to use human cells and tissues in toxicology research and testing has the benefit that it obviates the need to undertake species extrapolation when assessing human hazard. However, obtaining and using human cells and tissues is logistically difficult, ethically complex and is a potential source of infections to those coming into contact with human cell material. The issue is also controversial, with the recent EU legislation draft on tissue engineering, and also due to some instances of human material being obtained and used without informed consent. There are also varying regulations and attitudes relating to the use of human cells and tissues throughout Member States of the EU, and there is a need for harmonisation. The European Society of Toxicology in Vitro (ESTIV) Executive Board and the European Network of Human Research Tissue Banks (ENRTB) have conducted a survey to ascertain the extent to which human cells and tissues are used by its members, how these are obtained, what local regulations are in force, how the material is used, and the advantages and disadvantages experienced by members in using such material, as opposed to cell lines. The results obtained have been compared with the results from a previous survey conducted in 2000. It is hoped that this information will help to facilitate the process of acquiring and using human cells and tissues in a safe and effective way to promote the use of non-animal approaches for investigating the mechanisms of toxicity, and for predicting the toxic hazard of substances.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of chemically defined cell culture media--replacing fetal bovine serum in mammalian in vitro methods

Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 2010

Quality assurance is becoming increasingly important. Good laboratory practice (GLP) and good man... more Quality assurance is becoming increasingly important. Good laboratory practice (GLP) and good manufacturing practice (GMP) are now established standards. The biomedical field aims at an increasing reliance on the use of in vitro methods. Cell and tissue culture methods are generally fast, cheap, reproducible and reduce the use of experimental animals. Good cell culture practice (GCCP) is an attempt to develop a common standard for in vitro methods. The implementation of the use of chemically defined media is part of the GCCP. This will decrease the dependence on animal serum, a supplement with an undefined and variable composition. Defined media supplements are commercially available for some cell types. However, information on the formulation by the companies is often limited and such supplements can therefore not be regarded as completely defined. The development of defined media is difficult and often takes place in isolation. A workshop was organised in 2009 in Copenhagen to dis...

Research paper thumbnail of The establishment of a network of European human research tissue banks

Cell and tissue banking, 2002

This is a report of a workshop held on the establishment of human research tissue banking which w... more This is a report of a workshop held on the establishment of human research tissue banking which was held in Levi, Finland 21-24 March 2002. There were 21 participants from 7 European countries. This meeting was attended by representatives from academia, research tissue banks and from the Biotech and Pharmaceutical Industries. The principal aim of the workshop was to find a way to progress the recommendations from ECVAM workshop 44 (ATLA 29, 125-134, 2001) and ECVAM workshop 32 (ATLA 26, 763-777, 1998). The workshop represented the first unofficial meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Banks (ENRTB) steering group. It is expected that in the period preceding the next workshop the ENRTB steering group will co-ordinate the ethical, legislative and organisational aspects of research tissue banking. Key issues dealt with by the Levi workshop included the practical aspects of sharing expertise and experiences across the different European members. Such collaboration between r...

Research paper thumbnail of The use of fetal bovine serum: ethical or scientific problem?

Summary - Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common component of animal cell culture media. FBS is har... more Summary - Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common component of animal cell culture media. FBS is harvested from bovine fetuses taken from pregnant cows during slaughter. FBS is commonly harvested by means of a cardiac puncture without any form of anaesthesia. Fetuses are likely exposed to pain and/or discomfort and therefore current practice of fetal blood harvest is inhumane.

Research paper thumbnail of The establishment of human research tissue banking in the UK and several western European countries. The report and recommendations of ECVAM Workshop 44

Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA

... ANDERSON Robert (1) ; BALLS Michael (2) ; BURKE M. Danny (3) ; CUMMINS Marie (4) ; FEHILY Dei... more ... ANDERSON Robert (1) ; BALLS Michael (2) ; BURKE M. Danny (3) ; CUMMINS Marie (4) ; FEHILY Deirdre (5) ; GRAY Neil (6) ; DE GROOT Marleen G. (7) ; HELIN Heikki (8) ; HUNT Charles (9) ; JONES David (10) ; PRICE David (11) ; RICHERT Lysiane (12) ; RAVID Rivka (13 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Alternatives to the Use of Animals in Higher Education: The Report and Recommendations of ECVAM (European Centre for the Validation of Alternate Methods) Workshop 33

Alternatives to laboratory animals : ATLA

Research paper thumbnail of Fourth meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Banks – Future strategy to increase collaborations in the supply of human tissue for biomedical research

This report records the Fourth meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Bank (Brussels,... more This report records the Fourth meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Bank (Brussels, 18th March 2004) which was attended by Mel Read MEP. The existing membership of this informal group represents European Human Research Tissue Bankers, biomedical researchers seeking access to human tissue and allied groups including animal welfare representatives. This Fourth meeting provided a forum to update members on individual activity in this area. A particular focus of this meeting was to consider the status of this group and future affiliations to increase the profile and activity of this Network. This meeting addressed differences in legislative and ethical requirements governing the use of human tissue in biomedical research in the different countries represented. Future activity of the ENRTB, planned at this meeting, will target harmonisation of current differences which are currently barriers to increased access to human tissue for biomedical research. Through the harmonisation of procurement, processing and distribution of human

Research paper thumbnail of Eleventh International Workshop on In Vitro Toxicology

Toxicology in Vitro, 2001

Research paper thumbnail of Twelfth International Workshop on In Vitro Toxicology

Toxicology in Vitro, 2003

Research paper thumbnail of The humane collection of fetal bovine serum and possibilities for serum-free cell and tissue culture

Toxicology in Vitro, 2004

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common supplement to in vitro culture media. A workshop was organiz... more Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is a common supplement to in vitro culture media. A workshop was organized to discuss whether or not fetuses might suffer when blood is withdrawn, and to discuss serum replacement methods. When bovine fetuses are exposed after slaughter of the dam, they can suffer only if they inflate their lungs with air and increase their blood oxygen to levels compatible with awareness. Preventing fetuses from breathing air or killing them by an efficient method, according to clearly defined safeguards, ensures that fetal blood collection is humane. Since serum is a supplement of unknown composition, which could be contaminated with unwanted factors, there are scientific and safety reasons for omitting FBS from culture media. Several media have been developed in which minimal or no animal derived components are present. Also, different cell types have been adapted to serum-free media. As yet, no standard serum free media are present, and each cell type requires its own medium composition. Among other recommendations, the establishment of a public database with information on cell types and their serumfree medium composition is proposed. #

Research paper thumbnail of ESTIV questionnaire on the acquisition and use of primary human cells and tissue in toxicology

Toxicology in Vitro, 2005

The ability to use human cells and tissues in toxicology research and testing has the benefit tha... more The ability to use human cells and tissues in toxicology research and testing has the benefit that it obviates the need to undertake species extrapolation when assessing human hazard. However, obtaining and using human cells and tissues is logistically difficult, ethically complex and is a potential source of infections to those coming into contact with human cell material. The issue is also controversial, with the recent EU legislation draft on tissue engineering, and also due to some instances of human material being obtained and used without informed consent. There are also varying regulations and attitudes relating to the use of human cells and tissues throughout Member States of the EU, and there is a need for harmonisation. The European Society of Toxicology in Vitro (ESTIV) Executive Board and the European Network of Human Research Tissue Banks (ENRTB) have conducted a survey to ascertain the extent to which human cells and tissues are used by its members, how these are obtained, what local regulations are in force, how the material is used, and the advantages and disadvantages experienced by members in using such material, as opposed to cell lines. The results obtained have been compared with the results from a previous survey conducted in 2000. It is hoped that this information will help to facilitate the process of acquiring and using human cells and tissues in a safe and effective way to promote the use of non-animal approaches for investigating the mechanisms of toxicity, and for predicting the toxic hazard of substances.

Research paper thumbnail of Optimization of chemically defined cell culture media--replacing fetal bovine serum in mammalian in vitro methods

Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 2010

Quality assurance is becoming increasingly important. Good laboratory practice (GLP) and good man... more Quality assurance is becoming increasingly important. Good laboratory practice (GLP) and good manufacturing practice (GMP) are now established standards. The biomedical field aims at an increasing reliance on the use of in vitro methods. Cell and tissue culture methods are generally fast, cheap, reproducible and reduce the use of experimental animals. Good cell culture practice (GCCP) is an attempt to develop a common standard for in vitro methods. The implementation of the use of chemically defined media is part of the GCCP. This will decrease the dependence on animal serum, a supplement with an undefined and variable composition. Defined media supplements are commercially available for some cell types. However, information on the formulation by the companies is often limited and such supplements can therefore not be regarded as completely defined. The development of defined media is difficult and often takes place in isolation. A workshop was organised in 2009 in Copenhagen to dis...

Research paper thumbnail of The establishment of a network of European human research tissue banks

Cell and tissue banking, 2002

This is a report of a workshop held on the establishment of human research tissue banking which w... more This is a report of a workshop held on the establishment of human research tissue banking which was held in Levi, Finland 21-24 March 2002. There were 21 participants from 7 European countries. This meeting was attended by representatives from academia, research tissue banks and from the Biotech and Pharmaceutical Industries. The principal aim of the workshop was to find a way to progress the recommendations from ECVAM workshop 44 (ATLA 29, 125-134, 2001) and ECVAM workshop 32 (ATLA 26, 763-777, 1998). The workshop represented the first unofficial meeting of the European Network of Research Tissue Banks (ENRTB) steering group. It is expected that in the period preceding the next workshop the ENRTB steering group will co-ordinate the ethical, legislative and organisational aspects of research tissue banking. Key issues dealt with by the Levi workshop included the practical aspects of sharing expertise and experiences across the different European members. Such collaboration between r...