Jacinta O'Hagan - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jacinta O'Hagan

Australian Journal of International Affairs, Feb 18, 2014

The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The ... more The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The media can be understood as a vehicle through which conflict is not only reported, but also conducted. The relationship between the media and political violence is never static. A key element of this evolution is technological innovations. One of the most significant developments in this realm in recent decades has been the emergence of digital new media. It is the relationship between digital new media and political violence that is the particular focus of this special issue. The articles that follow explore this ever evolving relationship between digital new media and political violence, whilst also reflecting on its ramifications for world politics more broadly. To what extent does it impact on the nature of world politics, the structures of the international system and the nature of agency within that system? The origins of this special issue lie in a conversation between Sebastian Kaempf, Cynthia Banham and Raymond Apthorpe that concerned whether and how the tools of digital new media truly empower alternate voices in world politics. From this conversation grew a major symposium—War 2.0: Political Violence and New Media—which was hosted by the Australian National University, Canberra, in 2009 with the support of the University of Queensland, and organised by Cynthia Banham, Madeline Carr, Sebastian Kaempf and Jacinta O’Hagan. A follow-up workshop—Bullets, Bites and Bandwiths— organised by Peter Mantello, was held in Beppu in 2011 and hosted by Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University. This facilitated further development of the ideas and conceptual framework utilised in this special issue. As editors of this special issue we have sought to harness a breadth of knowledge and insight represented both in the work of the contributors to this special issue and of the broader range of contributors to these events. We owe a particular debt of gratitude to the speakers, discussants and participants in the War 2.0 symposium—both those in the room and those who joined us via the Internet, Skype or Twitter. Their contributions have been invaluable to us in developing the ideas that underpin this special issue. We are particularly grateful to Cynthia Banham, who was central to the initiation and organisation of this symposium and a crucial member of the team who developed the conceptual and empirical dimensions of this project. We thank Chris Reus-Smit for his initiative and support in organising the initial symposium. We would also like to thank the Department of International Relations and the College of Asia and the

Oxford University Press eBooks, Aug 1, 2004

Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly perm... more Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly permeates the work of the English School of International Relations. Begins by examining ideas among the first wave of English School authors about the role of culture in the formation of international society. Next, it considers assumptions about the relationship between culture and international society to be found among contemporary English School authors. The key issues addressed here include the role that culture plays in establishing order and stability in international society, the role that key institutions of international society play in managing cultural diversity (cultural pluralism), and the relationship between culture and perceptions of equity and justice within international society. Then seeks to draw together discussion of these three cultural issue areas to reflect on their implications for the functioning and cohesion of contemporary international society.

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 22, 2015

One of the most important developments in world politics in the last decade has been the spread o... more One of the most important developments in world politics in the last decade has been the spread of the idea that state sovereignty comes with responsibilities as well as privileges, and that there exists a global responsibility to protect people threatened by mass atrocities. The principle of the Responsibility to Protect is an acknowledgment by all who live in zones of safety of a duty of care towards those in zones of danger. Thakur and Maley argue that this principle has not been discussed sufficiently in the context of international and political theory, in particular the nature and foundations of political and international order and the strength and legitimacy of the state. The book brings together a range of authors to discuss the different ways in which the Responsibility to Protect can be theorised, using case studies to locate the idea within wider traditions of moral responsibilities in international relations.

Cambridge University Press eBooks, 2001

International Politics

There are growing calls to address the Eurocentrism of classical English School (ES) scholarship ... more There are growing calls to address the Eurocentrism of classical English School (ES) scholarship and to adopt more holistic frameworks of analysis, which include alternative, non-Western forms of international order and interactions with the European international systems. This article investigates Adam Watson’s contribution to ‘decentring’ the ES. Two dimensions of Watson’s work speak to this objective. The first is his development of a more inclusive comparative historical sociological analysis of states-systems. The second is his development of a more generic concept of systems as complex, variegated and shifting relationships of authority, highlighting the prevalence of hierarchy and hegemony in states-systems. However, Watson’s work remains inflected with Eurocentrism in several important respects. These include his narrative of the evolution of the contemporary states-system, which largely remains one of the autonomous development and expansion of Europe, and the limited ways ...

Dialogue (Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia), 2012

Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies, 2000

The relatively peaceful conclusion of the Cold War encouraged many to hope for the commencement o... more The relatively peaceful conclusion of the Cold War encouraged many to hope for the commencement of a new era of international relations; one characterized by co-operation and growth. However, by the early 1990s, there was a growing sense of pessimism and insecurity. This was reflected in the emergence of a new metaphor for future world politics, that of the ‘clash of civilizations’. Introduced by the well-known American political scientist, Samuel Huntington (1993a), the metaphor suggested that world politics were being reconfigured with the ‘fault lines’ between cultures replacing political and ideological boundaries as ‘the flashpoints of crisis and blood shed’. It invoked an ominous image of the inevitability of conflict, the immutability of difference and a doomsday-like scenario of a third world war fought along the fault lines and fissures of culture.

As humanitarian assistance increasingly involves a larger number of agencies, the importance of c... more As humanitarian assistance increasingly involves a larger number of agencies, the importance of coordination among these different agencies is identified by a wide range of literature. However, each society has different policies and traditions about how to approach multilateral, national and local agencies, as well as military actors. How globalisation enhances the importance of multi-faceted cooperation, followed by comparative discussion of each society's tendency to cooperate with various actors.

International Society and its Critics, 2004

Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly perm... more Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly permeates the work of the English School of International Relations. Begins by examining ideas among the first wave of English School authors about the role of culture in the formation of international society. Next, it considers assumptions about the relationship between culture and international society to be found among contemporary English School authors. The key issues addressed here include the role that culture plays in establishing order and stability in international society, the role that key institutions of international society play in managing cultural diversity (cultural pluralism), and the relationship between culture and perceptions of equity and justice within international society. Then seeks to draw together discussion of these three cultural issue areas to reflect on their implications for the functioning and cohesion of contemporary international society.

International Politics, 2012

Debates about liberal internationalism in general and ‘purposes beyond ourselves’ in particular h... more Debates about liberal internationalism in general and ‘purposes beyond ourselves’ in particular have focused largely on the role of states. Such a focus risks limiting our potential to achieve solidarist goals by tying us to the ontological and ethical concerns of the state. This article argues that a more expansive conception of agency, which includes non-state actors (NSAs), reflects more accurately the complexity of agency and interests within liberal internationalism. Using the example of humanitarianism, it argues that humanitarian NSAs demonstrate that important additional avenues exist for the pursuit of solidarism within the liberal international order. At the same time, these actors do not totally evade the dilemmas of solidarism faced by states, nor the tensions that permeate liberal internationalism and constrain the pursuit of purposes beyond ourselves. Humanitarian NSAs are embedded in complex relationships with states and are implicated in structures of power and interest within the liberal international order. These present them with their own dilemmas of solidarism and, despite their best intentions, can compromise their pursuit of ‘purposes beyond ourselves’.

Australian Journal of Political Science, 1992

... BRUCE DAVIS University of Tasmania HK Colebatch, Scott Prasser and JR Nethercote (eds), Busin... more ... BRUCE DAVIS University of Tasmania HK Colebatch, Scott Prasser and JR Nethercote (eds), Business±Government Relations: Concepts and Issues (Melbourne: ITP, 1997), 264 1 xxivpp., $44.95, ISBN 0 17009 221 6. ... RODNEY SMITH University of New South Wales ...

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2014

The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The ... more The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The media can be understood as a vehicle through which conflict is not only reported, but also conducted. The relationship between the media and political violence is never static. A key element of this evolution is technological innovations. One of the most significant developments in this realm in recent decades has been the emergence of digital new media. It is the relationship between digital new media and political violence that is the particular focus of this special issue. The articles that follow explore this ever evolving relationship between digital new media and political violence, whilst also reflecting on its ramifications for world politics more broadly. To what extent does it impact on the nature of world politics, the structures of the international system and the nature of agency within that system? The origins of this special issue lie in a conversation between Sebastian Kaempf, Cynthia Banham and Raymond Apthorpe that concerned whether and how the tools of digital new media truly empower alternate voices in world politics. From this conversation grew a major symposium—War 2.0: Political Violence and New Media—which was hosted by the Australian National University, Canberra, in 2009 with the support of the University of Queensland, and organised by Cynthia Banham, Madeline Carr, Sebastian Kaempf and Jacinta O’Hagan. A follow-up workshop—Bullets, Bites and Bandwiths— organised by Peter Mantello, was held in Beppu in 2011 and hosted by Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University. This facilitated further development of the ideas and conceptual framework utilised in this special issue. As editors of this special issue we have sought to harness a breadth of knowledge and insight represented both in the work of the contributors to this special issue and of the broader range of contributors to these events. We owe a particular debt of gratitude to the speakers, discussants and participants in the War 2.0 symposium—both those in the room and those who joined us via the Internet, Skype or Twitter. Their contributions have been invaluable to us in developing the ideas that underpin this special issue. We are particularly grateful to Cynthia Banham, who was central to the initiation and organisation of this symposium and a crucial member of the team who developed the conceptual and empirical dimensions of this project. We thank Chris Reus-Smit for his initiative and support in organising the initial symposium. We would also like to thank the Department of International Relations and the College of Asia and the

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2005

... Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order , New Yo... more ... Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order , New York: Simon & Schuster. ... Washington Quarterly , 21(4): 17–20. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®], [CSA] View all references; O'Hagan 199527. O'Hagan, Jacinta. 1995. ...

Australian National University, 2013

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2013

Media has always been a critical dimension of politics and of political violence. Information abo... more Media has always been a critical dimension of politics and of political violence. Information about violence and conflict is disseminated through the media. Media is also a mechanism through which the politics of violence is monitored, represented and interpreted. While the historical relationship between old media and political violence has long been the subject of research and debate, how this relationship is affected by the emergence of digital new media technology warrants further consideration. This development raises several important issues and questions for students of international relations, in particular with respect to how the reconfiguration of the role of media in conflict impacts more broadly on configurations of world politics. This article identifies four critical dimensions of world politics through which to explore this impact: the constitution of power, the configuration of agency, the nature and politics of representation, and the constitution of legitimacy. It argues that the concepts of power, agency, representation and legitimacy provide critical interfaces between media, conflict and world politics. In so doing, the article elucidates the conceptual framework that animates this special issue. Finally, it reflects on how these concepts are engaged in the articles to follow.

Australian Journal of International Affairs, Feb 18, 2014

The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The ... more The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The media can be understood as a vehicle through which conflict is not only reported, but also conducted. The relationship between the media and political violence is never static. A key element of this evolution is technological innovations. One of the most significant developments in this realm in recent decades has been the emergence of digital new media. It is the relationship between digital new media and political violence that is the particular focus of this special issue. The articles that follow explore this ever evolving relationship between digital new media and political violence, whilst also reflecting on its ramifications for world politics more broadly. To what extent does it impact on the nature of world politics, the structures of the international system and the nature of agency within that system? The origins of this special issue lie in a conversation between Sebastian Kaempf, Cynthia Banham and Raymond Apthorpe that concerned whether and how the tools of digital new media truly empower alternate voices in world politics. From this conversation grew a major symposium—War 2.0: Political Violence and New Media—which was hosted by the Australian National University, Canberra, in 2009 with the support of the University of Queensland, and organised by Cynthia Banham, Madeline Carr, Sebastian Kaempf and Jacinta O’Hagan. A follow-up workshop—Bullets, Bites and Bandwiths— organised by Peter Mantello, was held in Beppu in 2011 and hosted by Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University. This facilitated further development of the ideas and conceptual framework utilised in this special issue. As editors of this special issue we have sought to harness a breadth of knowledge and insight represented both in the work of the contributors to this special issue and of the broader range of contributors to these events. We owe a particular debt of gratitude to the speakers, discussants and participants in the War 2.0 symposium—both those in the room and those who joined us via the Internet, Skype or Twitter. Their contributions have been invaluable to us in developing the ideas that underpin this special issue. We are particularly grateful to Cynthia Banham, who was central to the initiation and organisation of this symposium and a crucial member of the team who developed the conceptual and empirical dimensions of this project. We thank Chris Reus-Smit for his initiative and support in organising the initial symposium. We would also like to thank the Department of International Relations and the College of Asia and the

Oxford University Press eBooks, Aug 1, 2004

Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly perm... more Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly permeates the work of the English School of International Relations. Begins by examining ideas among the first wave of English School authors about the role of culture in the formation of international society. Next, it considers assumptions about the relationship between culture and international society to be found among contemporary English School authors. The key issues addressed here include the role that culture plays in establishing order and stability in international society, the role that key institutions of international society play in managing cultural diversity (cultural pluralism), and the relationship between culture and perceptions of equity and justice within international society. Then seeks to draw together discussion of these three cultural issue areas to reflect on their implications for the functioning and cohesion of contemporary international society.

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Jul 22, 2015

One of the most important developments in world politics in the last decade has been the spread o... more One of the most important developments in world politics in the last decade has been the spread of the idea that state sovereignty comes with responsibilities as well as privileges, and that there exists a global responsibility to protect people threatened by mass atrocities. The principle of the Responsibility to Protect is an acknowledgment by all who live in zones of safety of a duty of care towards those in zones of danger. Thakur and Maley argue that this principle has not been discussed sufficiently in the context of international and political theory, in particular the nature and foundations of political and international order and the strength and legitimacy of the state. The book brings together a range of authors to discuss the different ways in which the Responsibility to Protect can be theorised, using case studies to locate the idea within wider traditions of moral responsibilities in international relations.

Cambridge University Press eBooks, 2001

International Politics

There are growing calls to address the Eurocentrism of classical English School (ES) scholarship ... more There are growing calls to address the Eurocentrism of classical English School (ES) scholarship and to adopt more holistic frameworks of analysis, which include alternative, non-Western forms of international order and interactions with the European international systems. This article investigates Adam Watson’s contribution to ‘decentring’ the ES. Two dimensions of Watson’s work speak to this objective. The first is his development of a more inclusive comparative historical sociological analysis of states-systems. The second is his development of a more generic concept of systems as complex, variegated and shifting relationships of authority, highlighting the prevalence of hierarchy and hegemony in states-systems. However, Watson’s work remains inflected with Eurocentrism in several important respects. These include his narrative of the evolution of the contemporary states-system, which largely remains one of the autonomous development and expansion of Europe, and the limited ways ...

Dialogue (Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia), 2012

Journal of Social, Political, and Economic Studies, 2000

The relatively peaceful conclusion of the Cold War encouraged many to hope for the commencement o... more The relatively peaceful conclusion of the Cold War encouraged many to hope for the commencement of a new era of international relations; one characterized by co-operation and growth. However, by the early 1990s, there was a growing sense of pessimism and insecurity. This was reflected in the emergence of a new metaphor for future world politics, that of the ‘clash of civilizations’. Introduced by the well-known American political scientist, Samuel Huntington (1993a), the metaphor suggested that world politics were being reconfigured with the ‘fault lines’ between cultures replacing political and ideological boundaries as ‘the flashpoints of crisis and blood shed’. It invoked an ominous image of the inevitability of conflict, the immutability of difference and a doomsday-like scenario of a third world war fought along the fault lines and fissures of culture.

As humanitarian assistance increasingly involves a larger number of agencies, the importance of c... more As humanitarian assistance increasingly involves a larger number of agencies, the importance of coordination among these different agencies is identified by a wide range of literature. However, each society has different policies and traditions about how to approach multilateral, national and local agencies, as well as military actors. How globalisation enhances the importance of multi-faceted cooperation, followed by comparative discussion of each society's tendency to cooperate with various actors.

International Society and its Critics, 2004

Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly perm... more Considers the relationship between culture and international society, a question that subtly permeates the work of the English School of International Relations. Begins by examining ideas among the first wave of English School authors about the role of culture in the formation of international society. Next, it considers assumptions about the relationship between culture and international society to be found among contemporary English School authors. The key issues addressed here include the role that culture plays in establishing order and stability in international society, the role that key institutions of international society play in managing cultural diversity (cultural pluralism), and the relationship between culture and perceptions of equity and justice within international society. Then seeks to draw together discussion of these three cultural issue areas to reflect on their implications for the functioning and cohesion of contemporary international society.

International Politics, 2012

Debates about liberal internationalism in general and ‘purposes beyond ourselves’ in particular h... more Debates about liberal internationalism in general and ‘purposes beyond ourselves’ in particular have focused largely on the role of states. Such a focus risks limiting our potential to achieve solidarist goals by tying us to the ontological and ethical concerns of the state. This article argues that a more expansive conception of agency, which includes non-state actors (NSAs), reflects more accurately the complexity of agency and interests within liberal internationalism. Using the example of humanitarianism, it argues that humanitarian NSAs demonstrate that important additional avenues exist for the pursuit of solidarism within the liberal international order. At the same time, these actors do not totally evade the dilemmas of solidarism faced by states, nor the tensions that permeate liberal internationalism and constrain the pursuit of purposes beyond ourselves. Humanitarian NSAs are embedded in complex relationships with states and are implicated in structures of power and interest within the liberal international order. These present them with their own dilemmas of solidarism and, despite their best intentions, can compromise their pursuit of ‘purposes beyond ourselves’.

Australian Journal of Political Science, 1992

... BRUCE DAVIS University of Tasmania HK Colebatch, Scott Prasser and JR Nethercote (eds), Busin... more ... BRUCE DAVIS University of Tasmania HK Colebatch, Scott Prasser and JR Nethercote (eds), Business±Government Relations: Concepts and Issues (Melbourne: ITP, 1997), 264 1 xxivpp., $44.95, ISBN 0 17009 221 6. ... RODNEY SMITH University of New South Wales ...

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2014

The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The ... more The media and political violence have long been intertwined in the history of human society. The media can be understood as a vehicle through which conflict is not only reported, but also conducted. The relationship between the media and political violence is never static. A key element of this evolution is technological innovations. One of the most significant developments in this realm in recent decades has been the emergence of digital new media. It is the relationship between digital new media and political violence that is the particular focus of this special issue. The articles that follow explore this ever evolving relationship between digital new media and political violence, whilst also reflecting on its ramifications for world politics more broadly. To what extent does it impact on the nature of world politics, the structures of the international system and the nature of agency within that system? The origins of this special issue lie in a conversation between Sebastian Kaempf, Cynthia Banham and Raymond Apthorpe that concerned whether and how the tools of digital new media truly empower alternate voices in world politics. From this conversation grew a major symposium—War 2.0: Political Violence and New Media—which was hosted by the Australian National University, Canberra, in 2009 with the support of the University of Queensland, and organised by Cynthia Banham, Madeline Carr, Sebastian Kaempf and Jacinta O’Hagan. A follow-up workshop—Bullets, Bites and Bandwiths— organised by Peter Mantello, was held in Beppu in 2011 and hosted by Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University. This facilitated further development of the ideas and conceptual framework utilised in this special issue. As editors of this special issue we have sought to harness a breadth of knowledge and insight represented both in the work of the contributors to this special issue and of the broader range of contributors to these events. We owe a particular debt of gratitude to the speakers, discussants and participants in the War 2.0 symposium—both those in the room and those who joined us via the Internet, Skype or Twitter. Their contributions have been invaluable to us in developing the ideas that underpin this special issue. We are particularly grateful to Cynthia Banham, who was central to the initiation and organisation of this symposium and a crucial member of the team who developed the conceptual and empirical dimensions of this project. We thank Chris Reus-Smit for his initiative and support in organising the initial symposium. We would also like to thank the Department of International Relations and the College of Asia and the

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2005

... Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order , New Yo... more ... Huntington, Samuel. 1996. The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order , New York: Simon & Schuster. ... Washington Quarterly , 21(4): 17–20. [Taylor & Francis Online], [Web of Science ®], [CSA] View all references; O'Hagan 199527. O'Hagan, Jacinta. 1995. ...

Australian National University, 2013

Australian Journal of International Affairs, 2013

Media has always been a critical dimension of politics and of political violence. Information abo... more Media has always been a critical dimension of politics and of political violence. Information about violence and conflict is disseminated through the media. Media is also a mechanism through which the politics of violence is monitored, represented and interpreted. While the historical relationship between old media and political violence has long been the subject of research and debate, how this relationship is affected by the emergence of digital new media technology warrants further consideration. This development raises several important issues and questions for students of international relations, in particular with respect to how the reconfiguration of the role of media in conflict impacts more broadly on configurations of world politics. This article identifies four critical dimensions of world politics through which to explore this impact: the constitution of power, the configuration of agency, the nature and politics of representation, and the constitution of legitimacy. It argues that the concepts of power, agency, representation and legitimacy provide critical interfaces between media, conflict and world politics. In so doing, the article elucidates the conceptual framework that animates this special issue. Finally, it reflects on how these concepts are engaged in the articles to follow.