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Background: Alzheimer's disease is a growing problem in our society. Current treatment options ar... more Background: Alzheimer's disease is a growing problem in our society. Current treatment options are limited, so it might be worthwhile to consider neurofeedback training as a new treatment option. That is, if it can be confirmed that there are significant relations between cognitive functioning and EEG data. The current study examines if there are significant relationships between cognitive functioning, neuropsychiatric symptoms and brain activity. Methods: a neuropsychological screening and qEEG were administered pre-treatment. Twelve patients were included in the analyses. Results: ten of the variables comprehending cognitive functioning, depression, quality of life and behaviour correlated significantly with components reflecting the delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands. Conclusions: relations between cognitive functioning and activity in certain brain areas are diverse and cannot be defined within one location in the brain. However, there are significant correlations between subscales measuring specific aspects of cognitive functioning and some brain areas. For depression a significant correlation was found between cognitive complaints and central activity. Concerning quality of life and behaviour a higher quality of life and less behavioural problems were found to be related to more activity in the anterior as well as posterior areas of the brain. Samenvatting Achtergrond: de ziekte van Alzheimer is een groeiend probleem in onze samenleving. De huidige behandelmogelijkheden zijn beperkt, dus wellicht is het zinvol om neurofeedback training te overwegen als nieuwe behandeloptie. Echter, dan moet eerst worden bevestigd dat er significante relaties zijn tussen cognitief functioneren en EEG data. Deze studie onderzoekt of er significante relaties bestaan tussen cognitief functioneren, neuropsychiatrische symptomen en hersenactiviteit. Methoden: een neuropsychologische screening en een qEEG werden afgenomen voordat de neurofeedback training plaatsvond. Twaalf proefpersonen werden geïncludeerd in de analyses. Resultaten: tien van de variabelen die cognitief functioneren, depressie, kwaliteit van leven en gedrag omvatten correleerden significant met de componenten die de delta, theta, alfa en beta band weerspiegelen. Conclusies: relaties tussen cognitief functioneren en activiteit in de hersenkwabben zijn divers en kunnen niet worden benoemd onder één hersengebied. Er worden wel significante correlaties gevonden tussen specifieke aspecten van cognitief functioneren en schedellocaties. Betreffende depressie werd een significante correlatie gevonden tussen cognitieve klachten en centrale activiteit. Voor kwaliteit van leven en gedrag werd gevonden dat een hogere kwaliteit van leven en minder gedragsproblemen gerelateerd zijn aan meer activiteit in de anterieure en posterieure hersengebieden.
Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology, 2016
Alzheimer s Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. In a qEEG, patients with AD present... more Alzheimer s Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. In a qEEG, patients with AD present a greater amount of theta activity compared to normal aging individuals. An excess of delta and a decrement of alpha and beta is also observed. Little is known about the effect of neurofeedback in patients with dementia. However, it has been successfully applied in the treatment of different disorders. The objective of this study was to examine if neurofeedback has a positive effect on the cognitive performance in patients with AD. Ten patients whose qEEG met the typical pattern for patients with AD received neurofeedback training. These patients were compared with 123 AD patients who received treatment as usual (TAU). Participants were between the age of 61 and 90. All patients received a test designed to assess cognitive functioning pre-and posttreatment. The test-retest reliability of the TAU group for the total CAMCOG score was 0.84 and varied between the subscales from 0.56 to 0.78. Individual results, analyzed with a reliable change index (RCI), indicated that patients who received neurofeedback treatment had stable cognitive functions. When the groups were compared; patients with neurofeedback treatment showed an improvement in learning memory, other cognitive functions were stable. In comparison, patients with TAU had an overall decrement in cognitive functioning, with the exception of orientation in time. In sum, neurofeedback has a positive effect on the cognitive performance of patients with AD. Patients who received neurofeedback treatment had stable cognitive functions and an increase in the recognition and recall of information, whereas TAU patients showed a decrement in these functions.
Background: Alzheimer's disease is a growing problem in our society. Current treatment options ar... more Background: Alzheimer's disease is a growing problem in our society. Current treatment options are limited, so it might be worthwhile to consider neurofeedback training as a new treatment option. That is, if it can be confirmed that there are significant relations between cognitive functioning and EEG data. The current study examines if there are significant relationships between cognitive functioning, neuropsychiatric symptoms and brain activity. Methods: a neuropsychological screening and qEEG were administered pre-treatment. Twelve patients were included in the analyses. Results: ten of the variables comprehending cognitive functioning, depression, quality of life and behaviour correlated significantly with components reflecting the delta, theta, alpha and beta frequency bands. Conclusions: relations between cognitive functioning and activity in certain brain areas are diverse and cannot be defined within one location in the brain. However, there are significant correlations between subscales measuring specific aspects of cognitive functioning and some brain areas. For depression a significant correlation was found between cognitive complaints and central activity. Concerning quality of life and behaviour a higher quality of life and less behavioural problems were found to be related to more activity in the anterior as well as posterior areas of the brain. Samenvatting Achtergrond: de ziekte van Alzheimer is een groeiend probleem in onze samenleving. De huidige behandelmogelijkheden zijn beperkt, dus wellicht is het zinvol om neurofeedback training te overwegen als nieuwe behandeloptie. Echter, dan moet eerst worden bevestigd dat er significante relaties zijn tussen cognitief functioneren en EEG data. Deze studie onderzoekt of er significante relaties bestaan tussen cognitief functioneren, neuropsychiatrische symptomen en hersenactiviteit. Methoden: een neuropsychologische screening en een qEEG werden afgenomen voordat de neurofeedback training plaatsvond. Twaalf proefpersonen werden geïncludeerd in de analyses. Resultaten: tien van de variabelen die cognitief functioneren, depressie, kwaliteit van leven en gedrag omvatten correleerden significant met de componenten die de delta, theta, alfa en beta band weerspiegelen. Conclusies: relaties tussen cognitief functioneren en activiteit in de hersenkwabben zijn divers en kunnen niet worden benoemd onder één hersengebied. Er worden wel significante correlaties gevonden tussen specifieke aspecten van cognitief functioneren en schedellocaties. Betreffende depressie werd een significante correlatie gevonden tussen cognitieve klachten en centrale activiteit. Voor kwaliteit van leven en gedrag werd gevonden dat een hogere kwaliteit van leven en minder gedragsproblemen gerelateerd zijn aan meer activiteit in de anterieure en posterieure hersengebieden.
Neurophysiologie Clinique/Clinical Neurophysiology, 2016
Alzheimer s Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. In a qEEG, patients with AD present... more Alzheimer s Disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. In a qEEG, patients with AD present a greater amount of theta activity compared to normal aging individuals. An excess of delta and a decrement of alpha and beta is also observed. Little is known about the effect of neurofeedback in patients with dementia. However, it has been successfully applied in the treatment of different disorders. The objective of this study was to examine if neurofeedback has a positive effect on the cognitive performance in patients with AD. Ten patients whose qEEG met the typical pattern for patients with AD received neurofeedback training. These patients were compared with 123 AD patients who received treatment as usual (TAU). Participants were between the age of 61 and 90. All patients received a test designed to assess cognitive functioning pre-and posttreatment. The test-retest reliability of the TAU group for the total CAMCOG score was 0.84 and varied between the subscales from 0.56 to 0.78. Individual results, analyzed with a reliable change index (RCI), indicated that patients who received neurofeedback treatment had stable cognitive functions. When the groups were compared; patients with neurofeedback treatment showed an improvement in learning memory, other cognitive functions were stable. In comparison, patients with TAU had an overall decrement in cognitive functioning, with the exception of orientation in time. In sum, neurofeedback has a positive effect on the cognitive performance of patients with AD. Patients who received neurofeedback treatment had stable cognitive functions and an increase in the recognition and recall of information, whereas TAU patients showed a decrement in these functions.