Jadelys Tonos - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jadelys Tonos

Research paper thumbnail of An invasive species spread by threatened diurnal lemurs impacts rainforest structure in Madagascar

Biological Invasions, 2020

Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem function. Thus, understanding t... more Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem function. Thus, understanding their spread and ecological impacts is critical for management and control. Strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) is an aggressive invader across the tropics and has been rapidly spreading throughout the eastern rainforests of Madagascar. However, both the mechanisms of its spread on the island and the consequences of its invasion on native floral and faunal communities remain largely unexplored. By surveying multiple sites across Madagascar's eastern rainforests, we demonstrate that the introduction of P. cattleianum significantly correlates with changes in forest structure-namely tree/shrub size, taxonomic richness, and taxonomic diversity. Further, at a local scale, the presence of P. cattleianum was associated with an increase in frugivore species richness; its primary dispersers during our study period were lemurs. Moreover, we identified speciesspecific effects of lemur gut-passage on the germination of P. cattleianum seeds. Finally, microsatellite analysis of P. cattleianum from a variety of locations across Madagascar demonstrated three distinct, highly differentiated, genetic population clusters, each with Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

Research paper thumbnail of El asfalto llega a un santuario de primates y tortugas marinas: una carretera en la isla de Bioko vulnera una reserva científica

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparison of the Efficiency of Mobile and Stationary Acoustic Bat Surveys

Acoustic surveys with echolocation detectors have become a common method for monitoring bats worl... more Acoustic surveys with echolocation detectors have become a common method for monitoring bats worldwide. In the eastern United States, the spread of white-nose syndrome and the threat it poses for many bat species, particularly endangered species such as the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), has increased the need to monitor bat populations. Two popular methods, stationary and mobile surveys, are currently used by agencies in the United States to inform management and conservation efforts and by researchers to monitor and study bat populations. Despite the widespread use of these methods, no study has compared the efficiency in echolocation ‘capture’ success relative to human-hour of effort of these two methods. To compare these techniques we collected acoustic data with Anabat detectors in state forests of southern Indiana using stationary and mobile surveys in the way they are typically implemented. We compared the efficiency of each method at recording identifiable call files and Myot...

Research paper thumbnail of Population Structure of Geosmithia morbida, the Causal Agent of Thousand Cankers Disease of Walnut Trees in the United States

PLoS ONE, 2014

The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associat... more The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associated with thousand cankers disease of Juglans (walnut) and Pterocarya (wingnut). The disease was first reported in the western United States (USA) on several Juglans species, but has been found more recently in the eastern USA in the native range of the highly susceptible Juglans nigra. We performed a comprehensive population genetic study of 209 G. morbida isolates collected from Juglans and Pterocarya from 17 geographic regions distributed across 12 U.S. states. The study was based on sequence typing of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms from three genomic regions and genotyping with ten microsatellite primer pairs. Using multilocus sequence-typing data, 197 G. morbida isolates were placed into one of 57 haplotypes. In some instances, multiple haplotypes were recovered from isolates collected on the same tree. Twenty-four of the haplotypes (42%) were recovered from more than one isolate; the two most frequently occurring haplotypes (H02 and H03) represented 36% of all isolates. These two haplotypes were abundant in California, but were not recovered from Arizona or New Mexico. G. morbida population structure was best explained by four genetically distinct groups that clustered into three geographic regions. Most of the haplotypes isolated from the native range of J. major (Arizona and New Mexico) were found in those states only or present in distinct genetic clusters. There was no evidence of sexual reproduction or genetic recombination in any population. The scattered distribution of the genetic clusters indicated that G. morbida was likely disseminated to different regions at several times and from several sources. The large number of haplotypes observed and the genetic complexity of G. morbida indicate that it evolved in association with at least one Juglans spp. and the walnut twig beetle long before the first reports of the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Individual‐based networks reveal the highly skewed interactions of a frugivore mutualist with individual plants in a diverse community

Oikos, 2021

While plant-animal interactions occur fundamentally at the individual level, the bulk of research... more While plant-animal interactions occur fundamentally at the individual level, the bulk of research examining the mechanisms that drive interaction patterns has focused on the species or population level. In seed-dispersal mutualisms between frugivores and plants, little is known about the role of space and individual-level variation among plants in structuring patterns of frugivore foraging and, thus, seed dispersal in a plant community. Here we use an animal perspective to examine how space and variation between individual plants affect movement and visitation by frugivores foraging on individual fruiting plants. To do this, we used a spatially explicit network approach informed by observations of the movement and foraging of a frugivorous lemur species (Eulemur rubriventer) amongst individual plants in a diverse plant community in Madagascar. The resulting hierarchical networks, in which a few individual plants received the bulk of the interactions, demonstrated how a generalist frugivore species could act as an individual-plant specialist within a plant community. The few individual plants that dominated interactions with the lemurs shaped the modular spatial structure of frugivory interactions in the community and facilitated visitation to near neighbors. This interaction structure was primarily driven by extrinsic factors, as lemur movements among plants were significantly influenced by the individual plant's spatial position and the species richness of fruiting plants in its immediate neighborhood. Individual plants in central spatial locations, with a rich fruiting neighborhood and large fruit crops, received the most visits. The observed drastic inequality in the interactions of a generalist frugivore within a highly diverse plant community highlights the importance of considering individual-level variation for essential ecosystem processes, such as seed dispersal.

Research paper thumbnail of Population Structure of Geosmithia morbida, the Causal Agent of Thousand Cankers Disease of Walnut Trees in the United States

PLoS ONE, 2014

The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associat... more The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associated with thousand cankers disease of Juglans (walnut) and Pterocarya (wingnut). The disease was first reported in the western United States (USA) on several Juglans species, but has been found more recently in the eastern USA in the native range of the highly susceptible Juglans nigra. We performed a comprehensive population genetic study of 209 G. morbida isolates collected from Juglans and Pterocarya from 17 geographic regions distributed across 12 U.S. states. The study was based on sequence typing of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms from three genomic regions and genotyping with ten microsatellite primer pairs. Using multilocus sequence-typing data, 197 G. morbida isolates were placed into one of 57 haplotypes. In some instances, multiple haplotypes were recovered from isolates collected on the same tree. Twenty-four of the haplotypes (42%) were recovered from more than one isolate; the two most frequently occurring haplotypes (H02 and H03) represented 36% of all isolates. These two haplotypes were abundant in California, but were not recovered from Arizona or New Mexico. G. morbida population structure was best explained by four genetically distinct groups that clustered into three geographic regions. Most of the haplotypes isolated from the native range of J. major (Arizona and New Mexico) were found in those states only or present in distinct genetic clusters. There was no evidence of sexual reproduction or genetic recombination in any population. The scattered distribution of the genetic clusters indicated that G. morbida was likely disseminated to different regions at several times and from several sources. The large number of haplotypes observed and the genetic complexity of G. morbida indicate that it evolved in association with at least one Juglans spp. and the walnut twig beetle long before the first reports of the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of An invasive species spread by threatened diurnal lemurs impacts rainforest structure in Madagascar

Biological Invasions, 2020

Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem function. Thus, understanding t... more Invasive species are a major threat to biodiversity and ecosystem function. Thus, understanding their spread and ecological impacts is critical for management and control. Strawberry guava (Psidium cattleianum Sabine) is an aggressive invader across the tropics and has been rapidly spreading throughout the eastern rainforests of Madagascar. However, both the mechanisms of its spread on the island and the consequences of its invasion on native floral and faunal communities remain largely unexplored. By surveying multiple sites across Madagascar's eastern rainforests, we demonstrate that the introduction of P. cattleianum significantly correlates with changes in forest structure-namely tree/shrub size, taxonomic richness, and taxonomic diversity. Further, at a local scale, the presence of P. cattleianum was associated with an increase in frugivore species richness; its primary dispersers during our study period were lemurs. Moreover, we identified speciesspecific effects of lemur gut-passage on the germination of P. cattleianum seeds. Finally, microsatellite analysis of P. cattleianum from a variety of locations across Madagascar demonstrated three distinct, highly differentiated, genetic population clusters, each with Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (

Research paper thumbnail of El asfalto llega a un santuario de primates y tortugas marinas: una carretera en la isla de Bioko vulnera una reserva científica

Research paper thumbnail of A Comparison of the Efficiency of Mobile and Stationary Acoustic Bat Surveys

Acoustic surveys with echolocation detectors have become a common method for monitoring bats worl... more Acoustic surveys with echolocation detectors have become a common method for monitoring bats worldwide. In the eastern United States, the spread of white-nose syndrome and the threat it poses for many bat species, particularly endangered species such as the Indiana bat (Myotis sodalis), has increased the need to monitor bat populations. Two popular methods, stationary and mobile surveys, are currently used by agencies in the United States to inform management and conservation efforts and by researchers to monitor and study bat populations. Despite the widespread use of these methods, no study has compared the efficiency in echolocation ‘capture’ success relative to human-hour of effort of these two methods. To compare these techniques we collected acoustic data with Anabat detectors in state forests of southern Indiana using stationary and mobile surveys in the way they are typically implemented. We compared the efficiency of each method at recording identifiable call files and Myot...

Research paper thumbnail of Population Structure of Geosmithia morbida, the Causal Agent of Thousand Cankers Disease of Walnut Trees in the United States

PLoS ONE, 2014

The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associat... more The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associated with thousand cankers disease of Juglans (walnut) and Pterocarya (wingnut). The disease was first reported in the western United States (USA) on several Juglans species, but has been found more recently in the eastern USA in the native range of the highly susceptible Juglans nigra. We performed a comprehensive population genetic study of 209 G. morbida isolates collected from Juglans and Pterocarya from 17 geographic regions distributed across 12 U.S. states. The study was based on sequence typing of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms from three genomic regions and genotyping with ten microsatellite primer pairs. Using multilocus sequence-typing data, 197 G. morbida isolates were placed into one of 57 haplotypes. In some instances, multiple haplotypes were recovered from isolates collected on the same tree. Twenty-four of the haplotypes (42%) were recovered from more than one isolate; the two most frequently occurring haplotypes (H02 and H03) represented 36% of all isolates. These two haplotypes were abundant in California, but were not recovered from Arizona or New Mexico. G. morbida population structure was best explained by four genetically distinct groups that clustered into three geographic regions. Most of the haplotypes isolated from the native range of J. major (Arizona and New Mexico) were found in those states only or present in distinct genetic clusters. There was no evidence of sexual reproduction or genetic recombination in any population. The scattered distribution of the genetic clusters indicated that G. morbida was likely disseminated to different regions at several times and from several sources. The large number of haplotypes observed and the genetic complexity of G. morbida indicate that it evolved in association with at least one Juglans spp. and the walnut twig beetle long before the first reports of the disease.

Research paper thumbnail of Individual‐based networks reveal the highly skewed interactions of a frugivore mutualist with individual plants in a diverse community

Oikos, 2021

While plant-animal interactions occur fundamentally at the individual level, the bulk of research... more While plant-animal interactions occur fundamentally at the individual level, the bulk of research examining the mechanisms that drive interaction patterns has focused on the species or population level. In seed-dispersal mutualisms between frugivores and plants, little is known about the role of space and individual-level variation among plants in structuring patterns of frugivore foraging and, thus, seed dispersal in a plant community. Here we use an animal perspective to examine how space and variation between individual plants affect movement and visitation by frugivores foraging on individual fruiting plants. To do this, we used a spatially explicit network approach informed by observations of the movement and foraging of a frugivorous lemur species (Eulemur rubriventer) amongst individual plants in a diverse plant community in Madagascar. The resulting hierarchical networks, in which a few individual plants received the bulk of the interactions, demonstrated how a generalist frugivore species could act as an individual-plant specialist within a plant community. The few individual plants that dominated interactions with the lemurs shaped the modular spatial structure of frugivory interactions in the community and facilitated visitation to near neighbors. This interaction structure was primarily driven by extrinsic factors, as lemur movements among plants were significantly influenced by the individual plant's spatial position and the species richness of fruiting plants in its immediate neighborhood. Individual plants in central spatial locations, with a rich fruiting neighborhood and large fruit crops, received the most visits. The observed drastic inequality in the interactions of a generalist frugivore within a highly diverse plant community highlights the importance of considering individual-level variation for essential ecosystem processes, such as seed dispersal.

Research paper thumbnail of Population Structure of Geosmithia morbida, the Causal Agent of Thousand Cankers Disease of Walnut Trees in the United States

PLoS ONE, 2014

The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associat... more The ascomycete Geosmithia morbida and the walnut twig beetle Pityophthorus juglandis are associated with thousand cankers disease of Juglans (walnut) and Pterocarya (wingnut). The disease was first reported in the western United States (USA) on several Juglans species, but has been found more recently in the eastern USA in the native range of the highly susceptible Juglans nigra. We performed a comprehensive population genetic study of 209 G. morbida isolates collected from Juglans and Pterocarya from 17 geographic regions distributed across 12 U.S. states. The study was based on sequence typing of 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms from three genomic regions and genotyping with ten microsatellite primer pairs. Using multilocus sequence-typing data, 197 G. morbida isolates were placed into one of 57 haplotypes. In some instances, multiple haplotypes were recovered from isolates collected on the same tree. Twenty-four of the haplotypes (42%) were recovered from more than one isolate; the two most frequently occurring haplotypes (H02 and H03) represented 36% of all isolates. These two haplotypes were abundant in California, but were not recovered from Arizona or New Mexico. G. morbida population structure was best explained by four genetically distinct groups that clustered into three geographic regions. Most of the haplotypes isolated from the native range of J. major (Arizona and New Mexico) were found in those states only or present in distinct genetic clusters. There was no evidence of sexual reproduction or genetic recombination in any population. The scattered distribution of the genetic clusters indicated that G. morbida was likely disseminated to different regions at several times and from several sources. The large number of haplotypes observed and the genetic complexity of G. morbida indicate that it evolved in association with at least one Juglans spp. and the walnut twig beetle long before the first reports of the disease.