Jahangir Alam - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jahangir Alam

Differential Effects of Teriparatide and Denosumab on Intact PTH and Bone Formation Indices: AVA Osteoporosis Study

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, Jan 9, 2016

Denosumab-induced parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation may stimulate early bone formation. Evaluat... more Denosumab-induced parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation may stimulate early bone formation. Evaluate whether denosumab-induced changes of intact (i)PTH result in early anabolic effects according to histomorphometry and bone turnover markers (BTM) compared with teriparatide, an established anabolic agent. This open-label, randomized study used quadruple labeling to label bone before/after treatment, with a transiliac bone biopsy at 3 months. United States and Canadian sites. Sixty-nine postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Teriparatide (20 μg/day) for 6 months; denosumab (60 mg once). Between-treatment comparison of change from baseline to month 3 in cancellous mineralizing surface/bone surface (MS/BS); histomorphometric indices in 4 bone envelopes; BTM and iPTH at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. After denosumab, iPTH peaked at month 1 (P<0.001) then declined, remaining above baseline through month 6 (P≤0.01); after teriparatide, iPTH declined at all timepoints (P<0.001). From ba...

Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, Jan 27, 2015

The purpose of this analysis was to assess the association of osteoporosis-related vertebral frac... more The purpose of this analysis was to assess the association of osteoporosis-related vertebral fracture burden and pulmonary function. This study also examined the relationship between vertebral fracture burden and height loss, estimated by arm span - height. This was a single-site and single-visit study. Patients had a history of at least 1 moderate or severe vertebral fracture. Vertebral fracture burden was quantified using the spinal deformity index (SDI). Pulmonary function during inspiration was determined by spirometry. Forty-one women aged 70-91 completed the study. Vertebral fracture burden negatively correlated with forced inspiratory vital capacity and inspiratory time. For each unit increase in SDI, forced inspiratory vital capacity decreased by 1.62%, and inspiratory time decreased by 2.39%. There was no correlation between SDI and measures of inspiratory flow. For each unit increase in SDI, height decreased by about 0.5 cm. Vertebral fractures were associated with decreas...

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2012

The effect of teriparatide and risedronate on back pain was tested, and there was no difference i... more The effect of teriparatide and risedronate on back pain was tested, and there was no difference in the proportion of patients experiencing a reduction in back pain between groups after 6 or 18 months. Patients receiving teriparatide had greater increases in bone mineral density and had fewer vertebral fractures. This study aimed to understand the effect of teriparatide in reducing back pain in patients with prevalent back pain and vertebral fracture compared to risedronate. In an 18-month randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial, we investigated the effects of teriparatide (20 μg/day) vs. risedronate (35 mg/week) in postmenopausal women with back pain likely due to vertebral fracture. The primary objective was to compare the proportion of subjects reporting ≥30% reduction in worst back pain severity from baseline to 6 months as assessed by a numeric rating scale in each treatment group. Pre-specified secondary and exploratory outcomes included assessments of average and worst ba...

The Effect of Discontinuing Treatment with Blosozumab: Follow-up Results of a Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mineral Density

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2015

Administration of blosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds sclerostin, increases bo... more Administration of blosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds sclerostin, increases bone formation and BMD in postmenopausal women with low BMD. To evaluate the effect of discontinuing blosozumab, we studied women enrolled in a 1-year randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 2 trial for an additional year after they completed treatment. Of the 120 women initially enrolled in the study, 106 women completed treatment and continued into follow-up; 88 women completed 1-year of follow-up. At the beginning of follow-up, groups remained balanced for age, race, and body mass index, but lumbar spine and total hip BMD were increased for prior blosozumab groups, reflecting an anabolic treatment effect. At the end of follow-up, one year after discontinuing treatment, lumbar spine BMD remained significantly greater than placebo in women initially treated with blosozumab 270 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W), and blosozumab 180 mg Q2W (6.9% and 3.6% above baseline, respectively). Total hip BMD also declined following discontinuation of treatment, but at one year after treatment remained significantly greater than placebo in women initially treated with blosozumab 270 mg Q2W and blosozumab 180 mg Q2W (3.9% and 2.6% above baseline, respectively). During follow-up, median serum P1NP was not consistently different between the prior blosozumab groups and placebo. A similar pattern was apparent for median serum CTx levels, with more variability. Mean serum total sclerostin concentration increased with blosozumab, indicating target engagement, and declined to baseline following discontinuation. There were no adverse events considered related to prior treatment with blosozumab. Anti-drug antibodies generally declined in patients who had detectable levels during prior treatment. These findings support the continued study of blosozumab as an anabolic therapy for treatment of osteoporosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders, Jan 17, 2014

We explored psychometric properties of the Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0 in terms of ... more We explored psychometric properties of the Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0 in terms of reliability, validity, and responsiveness with generic, clinical, demographic, and preference-based data collected from a population of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multinational clinical trial evaluating efficacy and safety of raloxifene. The Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0, a generic quality of life measure (Nottingham Health Profile), and a preference-based measure (Health Utilities Index) were administered at baseline and annually. Psychometric properties of the 14 Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0 domains were evaluated by standard statistical techniques. This study included a subset of 1477 women from the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation study population completing the questionnaires. Mean (standard deviation) age was 68.4 (6.8) years. Prevalent vertebra...

A Randomized, Double-Blind Phase 2 Clinical Trial of Blosozumab, a Sclerostin Antibody, in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mineral Density

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2015

Sclerostin, a SOST protein secreted by osteocytes, negatively regulates formation of mineralized ... more Sclerostin, a SOST protein secreted by osteocytes, negatively regulates formation of mineralized bone matrix and bone mass. We report the results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter phase 2 clinical trial of blosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against sclerostin, in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD). Postmenopausal women with a lumbar spine T-score -2.0 to -3.5, inclusive, were randomized to subcutaneous blosozumab 180 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W), 180 mg Q2W, 270 mg Q2W, or matching placebo for one year, with calcium and vitamin D. Serial measurements of spine and hip BMD and biochemical markers of bone turnover were performed. Overall, 120 women enrolled in the study (mean age 65.8y, mean lumbar spine T-score -2.8). Blosozumab treatment resulted in statistically significant dose-related increases in spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD as compared with placebo. In the highest dose group, BMD increases from baseline reached 17.7% at the spine, and 6.2% at the total hip. Biochemical markers of bone formation increased rapidly during blosozumab treatment, and trended toward pretreatment levels by study end. However, bone specific alkaline phosphatase remained higher than placebo at study end in the highest dose group. CTx, a biochemical marker of bone resorption, decreased early during blosozumab treatment to a concentration less than placebo by 2 weeks, and remained reduced throughout blosozumab treatment. Mild injection site reactions were reported more frequently with blosozumab than placebo. In conclusion, treatment of postmenopausal women with an antibody targeted against sclerostin resulted in substantial increases in spine and hip BMD. These results support further study of blosozumab as a potential anabolic therapy for osteoporosis. NCT01144377 © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Effect of blosozumab on bone mineral density: results of a phase 2 study of postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density

Bone Abstracts, 2013

Osteoporosis International, 2012

Arzoxifene increased bone mineral density and decreased bone turnover to a significantly greater ... more Arzoxifene increased bone mineral density and decreased bone turnover to a significantly greater extent than raloxifene. The hot flush incidence was lower with arzoxifene than raloxifene. Introduction To assess the effect of arzoxifene versus raloxifene on change in lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Methods In this 12-month study (NEXT trial), participants were randomly assigned to arzoxifene 20 mg/day (N=158) or raloxifene 60 mg/day (N=162). All received daily calcium and vitamin D. Change in LS BMD was assessed by DXA. Secondary objectives included assessment of femoral neck (FN) and total hip BMD, serum bone turnover markers, and safety. Results Treatment groups were similar at baseline (mean age 63 years, mean LS BMD T-score −2.9). At 12 months, the increase in LS BMD with arzoxifene was greater than with raloxifene (+2.75% vs. +1.66%), as was FN and total hip BMD (P<0.05). For LS and FN, this effect was also evident at 6 months. Arzoxifene reduced bone turnover to a greater extent than raloxifene at 3, 6, and 12 months (P<0.05). The proportion of women reporting ≥1 adverse event did not differ between treatment groups, nor did vaginal bleeding. No cases of endometrial polyps, hyperplasia, or cancer were reported. Nasopharyngitis and bronchitis were reported more frequently with arzoxifene versus raloxifene (10.1% vs. 2.5%, and 5.1% vs. 0%, respectively) and new/worsening hot flushes were reported less frequently with arzoxifene (7.0% vs. 16.7%) (P<0.05). Conclusions Arzoxifene increased BMD and suppressed bone turnover to a greater extent than raloxifene and resulted in a lower incidence of new/worsening hot flushes. Based on subsequent findings from a fracture outcome study, this difference did not translate into improved fracture efficacy.

Gynecologic effects of arzoxifene in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low bone mass

Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, 2012

The aim of this study was to report the gynecologic safety findings from the Generations trial, a... more The aim of this study was to report the gynecologic safety findings from the Generations trial, a phase 3 study of the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), arzoxifene. A predefined objective of the trial was to evaluate the effects of arzoxifene on the genital tract. Gynecologic examinations were performed yearly, and further gynecologic assessment, including endometrial biopsy, was performed in a predefined subset of women and in those who developed vaginal bleeding. Overall, 9,354 women were randomized (4,678 to placebo, 4,676 to arzoxifene 20 mg/d). There were 13 adjudicated cases of endometrial cancer (placebo, 4 cases; arzoxifene, 9 cases: P = 0.165) and 6 cases of endometrial hyperplasia (placebo, 2 cases; arzoxifene, 4 cases). Endometrial thickness, assessed at 24- and 36-month transvaginal ultrasounds in a subset of women, increased slightly in women assigned to arzoxifene compared with baseline and women in placebo. At the last measurement, 3 (1.7%) women assigned to placebo and 21 (10.2%) assigned to arzoxifene had an endometrial thickness greater than 5 mm (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001 for difference between treatment groups). Endometrial polyps were more common in women treated with arzoxifene (n = 37) than in women treated with placebo (n = 18; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Vulvular and vaginal inflammation, including mycotic infections, and vaginal discharge were reported more frequently in women treated with arzoxifene than in women treated with placebo, as were urinary tract infections. Gynecologic events were generally more common in women treated with arzoxifene than in women treated with placebo. The gynecologic effects of arzoxifene seem to differ from those of raloxifene, although both SERMs have a benzothiophene structure. Although all SERMs influence cells through the estrogen receptor, they need to be evaluated independently in terms of their effects on various tissues, including the genital tract.

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the associations between health utility (HU), hea... more Background: The aim of this study is to examine the associations between health utility (HU), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and patient characteristics in postmenopausal osteoporotic (PMO) women. Methods: Baseline data from a subsample of 1,245 participants of the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation study, a randomized, placebo-controlled, multinational clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of raloxifene, were analyzed. The study cohort included 694 participants from non-European Union (non-EU) countries and 551 participants from EU countries. All participants with complete baseline HU and HRQoL assessments were included in the following analyses: 1) HU (HUI or EQ-5D) and HRQoL (QualEFFO or OPAQ and NHP) associations; 2) HU variability explained by HRQoL domains; and 3) the percentage of HU variability explained by statistically significant (p < 0.05) HRQoL domains, after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Results: Several domains were significantly associated with HU scores. HU variance was well explained (41% to 61%) by 4 to 6 (p < 0.05) significant HRQoL domains. After controlling for baseline characteristics, 48% to 64% of the HU variance was well explained by 5 to 7 significant (p < 0.05) HRQoL domains. Additional trend analyses detected statistically significant decreases in HRQoL and HU scores with an increased number of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. Conclusions: Both disease-targeted and generic HRQoL domains were well correlated with HU. A large percentage (48% to 64%) of the HU variance was explained by HRQoL, after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Both diseasetargeted and generic HRQoL measures were significant predictors of HU. HRQoL and HU scores decreased with increased vertebral and non-vertebral fractures.

Wireless Electric Field Power Transmission System and Method

Black Box: An emergency rescue dispatch system for road vehicles for instant notification of road accidents and post crash analysis

2014 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics & Vision (ICIEV), 2014

ABSTRACT Our research has been targeted towards building an integrated system for emergency rescu... more ABSTRACT Our research has been targeted towards building an integrated system for emergency rescue services in the event of a road accident. The project focuses on building an infrastructure which vehicle safety authorities can implement to enhance the reporting of vehicle crashes, provide post-crash analysis using motion sensors, record of the event in images and reduce the time it takes for emergency rescue to arrive at the crash location. We have achieved this using existing cellular network infrastructure already in place and also using GPS to pinpoint the exact location of the crash and send that data to an emergency rescue authority (such as Hospital, Fire Department, Police) using GSM text service. Our target was to build a low cost device that everyone can afford and use in their vehicles.

Hepatitis A virus vaccination strategy and pre-immunization screening of Bangladeshi children

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2015

Prevalence and Costs of Childhood Diarrhoea in the Slums of Dhaka

... data. In order to figure out how to estimate the determinants of these two variables, we need... more ... data. In order to figure out how to estimate the determinants of these two variables, we need to consider a variety of models. We ... 2007). We follow this approach and use a model similar to that of Noronha and Andrade (2002). In ...

Journal of Scientific Research, Dec 29, 2009

Preparation and characterization of various complexes of cobalt (III)-amino acid system, especial... more Preparation and characterization of various complexes of cobalt (III)-amino acid system, especially cobalt (III) glycinato and cobalt (III) alaninato complexes are reported. The identification of the various isomers of these complexes is also reported. The various isomers are separated from their mixture by fractional crystallization. Each of these complexes has been characterized by observing physical characteristics, chemical analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy and IR-spectroscopy. The direct impact of geometry of the complexes to IR stretching frequencies and UV-visible spectral data of amino and carboxyl group in the complexes provided sufficient information about the geometry. A prediction about the geometries of the synthesized has also been focused.

Improved Analysis of Stimulated Raman Crosstalk in Wideband Optical WDM System

Optical Communications and Networks - Proceedings of the First International Conference on ICOCN 2002, 2002

An improved model is proposed to approximate the actual Raman gain profile of silica, which in tu... more An improved model is proposed to approximate the actual Raman gain profile of silica, which in turn is used to calculate the power depletion of the shortest-wavelength channel due to all other channels in the system. In this improved model, the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effects from channels at the tail of Raman gain profile are taken into account. A

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2005

Virus Research, 2009

Since wild ducks constitute a vital element in the epizootiology of avian influenza viruses (AIVs... more Since wild ducks constitute a vital element in the epizootiology of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) as well as avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) and play a key role in the ecology and inter-species transmission of these viruses, it is crucial to elucidate the diversity and prevalence of these viruses within these bird populations. This report shows the presence, antigenic diversity, and inter-annual prevalence variations of AIVs in apparently healthy northern pintail (Anas acta) wintering in Japan. We also provide evidence that this host carries APMV-1: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and other haemagglutinating viruses. Composite samples (n = 2381) of fresh fecal materials were collected from northern pintail during November 2007-March 2008 at different locations of Tohoku district, main Island, Japan. We isolated 47 haemagglutinating viruses, out of which 25 were identified as AIVs, representing 9 combinations of 5 different haemagglutinin (HA) and 6 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes. Both H5 and H7 subtypes were identified and found to be low pathogenic. A further 11 viruses were grouped into APMV-1 (NDV). The rest of the viruses (n = 11) remained to be identified. Some of the HA subtypes and NA subtypes detected during the first season reoccurred in the second season, as well as some of their combinations; yet, several new subtypes and combinations appeared during the second season. These findings indicate that different subtypes of AIVs, NDV and other haemagglutinating viruses circulate subclinically in the pintail populations sampled. Pintails should be regarded, potentially, as important spreaders of AIVs and NDVs, particularly due to their extensively ramified flyways, which include various inter-continental routes.

Optimization of fermentation conditions for cellulases production by Bacillus licheniformis MVS1 and Bacillus sp. MVS3 isolated from Indian hot spring

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2012

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effect of some nutritional and environmental facto... more ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effect of some nutritional and environmental factors on the production of cellulases, in particular endoglucanase (CMCase) and exoglucanases (FPase) from Bacillus licheniformis MVS1 and Bacillus sp. MVS3 isolated from an Indian hot spring. The characterization study indicated that the optimum pH and temperature value was 6.5 to 7.0 and 50-55 C, respectively. Maximum cellulases production by both the isolates was detected after 60 h incubation period using ...

Differential Effects of Teriparatide and Denosumab on Intact PTH and Bone Formation Indices: AVA Osteoporosis Study

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, Jan 9, 2016

Denosumab-induced parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation may stimulate early bone formation. Evaluat... more Denosumab-induced parathyroid hormone (PTH) elevation may stimulate early bone formation. Evaluate whether denosumab-induced changes of intact (i)PTH result in early anabolic effects according to histomorphometry and bone turnover markers (BTM) compared with teriparatide, an established anabolic agent. This open-label, randomized study used quadruple labeling to label bone before/after treatment, with a transiliac bone biopsy at 3 months. United States and Canadian sites. Sixty-nine postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Teriparatide (20 μg/day) for 6 months; denosumab (60 mg once). Between-treatment comparison of change from baseline to month 3 in cancellous mineralizing surface/bone surface (MS/BS); histomorphometric indices in 4 bone envelopes; BTM and iPTH at baseline, 1, 3, and 6 months. After denosumab, iPTH peaked at month 1 (P<0.001) then declined, remaining above baseline through month 6 (P≤0.01); after teriparatide, iPTH declined at all timepoints (P<0.001). From ba...

Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry, Jan 27, 2015

The purpose of this analysis was to assess the association of osteoporosis-related vertebral frac... more The purpose of this analysis was to assess the association of osteoporosis-related vertebral fracture burden and pulmonary function. This study also examined the relationship between vertebral fracture burden and height loss, estimated by arm span - height. This was a single-site and single-visit study. Patients had a history of at least 1 moderate or severe vertebral fracture. Vertebral fracture burden was quantified using the spinal deformity index (SDI). Pulmonary function during inspiration was determined by spirometry. Forty-one women aged 70-91 completed the study. Vertebral fracture burden negatively correlated with forced inspiratory vital capacity and inspiratory time. For each unit increase in SDI, forced inspiratory vital capacity decreased by 1.62%, and inspiratory time decreased by 2.39%. There was no correlation between SDI and measures of inspiratory flow. For each unit increase in SDI, height decreased by about 0.5 cm. Vertebral fractures were associated with decreas...

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2012

The effect of teriparatide and risedronate on back pain was tested, and there was no difference i... more The effect of teriparatide and risedronate on back pain was tested, and there was no difference in the proportion of patients experiencing a reduction in back pain between groups after 6 or 18 months. Patients receiving teriparatide had greater increases in bone mineral density and had fewer vertebral fractures. This study aimed to understand the effect of teriparatide in reducing back pain in patients with prevalent back pain and vertebral fracture compared to risedronate. In an 18-month randomized, double-blind, double-dummy trial, we investigated the effects of teriparatide (20 μg/day) vs. risedronate (35 mg/week) in postmenopausal women with back pain likely due to vertebral fracture. The primary objective was to compare the proportion of subjects reporting ≥30% reduction in worst back pain severity from baseline to 6 months as assessed by a numeric rating scale in each treatment group. Pre-specified secondary and exploratory outcomes included assessments of average and worst ba...

The Effect of Discontinuing Treatment with Blosozumab: Follow-up Results of a Phase 2 Randomized Clinical Trial in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mineral Density

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2015

Administration of blosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds sclerostin, increases bo... more Administration of blosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds sclerostin, increases bone formation and BMD in postmenopausal women with low BMD. To evaluate the effect of discontinuing blosozumab, we studied women enrolled in a 1-year randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 2 trial for an additional year after they completed treatment. Of the 120 women initially enrolled in the study, 106 women completed treatment and continued into follow-up; 88 women completed 1-year of follow-up. At the beginning of follow-up, groups remained balanced for age, race, and body mass index, but lumbar spine and total hip BMD were increased for prior blosozumab groups, reflecting an anabolic treatment effect. At the end of follow-up, one year after discontinuing treatment, lumbar spine BMD remained significantly greater than placebo in women initially treated with blosozumab 270 mg every 2 weeks (Q2W), and blosozumab 180 mg Q2W (6.9% and 3.6% above baseline, respectively). Total hip BMD also declined following discontinuation of treatment, but at one year after treatment remained significantly greater than placebo in women initially treated with blosozumab 270 mg Q2W and blosozumab 180 mg Q2W (3.9% and 2.6% above baseline, respectively). During follow-up, median serum P1NP was not consistently different between the prior blosozumab groups and placebo. A similar pattern was apparent for median serum CTx levels, with more variability. Mean serum total sclerostin concentration increased with blosozumab, indicating target engagement, and declined to baseline following discontinuation. There were no adverse events considered related to prior treatment with blosozumab. Anti-drug antibodies generally declined in patients who had detectable levels during prior treatment. These findings support the continued study of blosozumab as an anabolic therapy for treatment of osteoporosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

BMC musculoskeletal disorders, Jan 17, 2014

We explored psychometric properties of the Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0 in terms of ... more We explored psychometric properties of the Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0 in terms of reliability, validity, and responsiveness with generic, clinical, demographic, and preference-based data collected from a population of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. The Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation study was a randomized, placebo-controlled, multinational clinical trial evaluating efficacy and safety of raloxifene. The Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0, a generic quality of life measure (Nottingham Health Profile), and a preference-based measure (Health Utilities Index) were administered at baseline and annually. Psychometric properties of the 14 Osteoporosis Assessment Questionnaire 2.0 domains were evaluated by standard statistical techniques. This study included a subset of 1477 women from the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation study population completing the questionnaires. Mean (standard deviation) age was 68.4 (6.8) years. Prevalent vertebra...

A Randomized, Double-Blind Phase 2 Clinical Trial of Blosozumab, a Sclerostin Antibody, in Postmenopausal Women with Low Bone Mineral Density

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 2015

Sclerostin, a SOST protein secreted by osteocytes, negatively regulates formation of mineralized ... more Sclerostin, a SOST protein secreted by osteocytes, negatively regulates formation of mineralized bone matrix and bone mass. We report the results of a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicenter phase 2 clinical trial of blosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeted against sclerostin, in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density (BMD). Postmenopausal women with a lumbar spine T-score -2.0 to -3.5, inclusive, were randomized to subcutaneous blosozumab 180 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W), 180 mg Q2W, 270 mg Q2W, or matching placebo for one year, with calcium and vitamin D. Serial measurements of spine and hip BMD and biochemical markers of bone turnover were performed. Overall, 120 women enrolled in the study (mean age 65.8y, mean lumbar spine T-score -2.8). Blosozumab treatment resulted in statistically significant dose-related increases in spine, femoral neck, and total hip BMD as compared with placebo. In the highest dose group, BMD increases from baseline reached 17.7% at the spine, and 6.2% at the total hip. Biochemical markers of bone formation increased rapidly during blosozumab treatment, and trended toward pretreatment levels by study end. However, bone specific alkaline phosphatase remained higher than placebo at study end in the highest dose group. CTx, a biochemical marker of bone resorption, decreased early during blosozumab treatment to a concentration less than placebo by 2 weeks, and remained reduced throughout blosozumab treatment. Mild injection site reactions were reported more frequently with blosozumab than placebo. In conclusion, treatment of postmenopausal women with an antibody targeted against sclerostin resulted in substantial increases in spine and hip BMD. These results support further study of blosozumab as a potential anabolic therapy for osteoporosis. NCT01144377 © 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

Effect of blosozumab on bone mineral density: results of a phase 2 study of postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density

Bone Abstracts, 2013

Osteoporosis International, 2012

Arzoxifene increased bone mineral density and decreased bone turnover to a significantly greater ... more Arzoxifene increased bone mineral density and decreased bone turnover to a significantly greater extent than raloxifene. The hot flush incidence was lower with arzoxifene than raloxifene. Introduction To assess the effect of arzoxifene versus raloxifene on change in lumbar spine (LS) bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Methods In this 12-month study (NEXT trial), participants were randomly assigned to arzoxifene 20 mg/day (N=158) or raloxifene 60 mg/day (N=162). All received daily calcium and vitamin D. Change in LS BMD was assessed by DXA. Secondary objectives included assessment of femoral neck (FN) and total hip BMD, serum bone turnover markers, and safety. Results Treatment groups were similar at baseline (mean age 63 years, mean LS BMD T-score −2.9). At 12 months, the increase in LS BMD with arzoxifene was greater than with raloxifene (+2.75% vs. +1.66%), as was FN and total hip BMD (P<0.05). For LS and FN, this effect was also evident at 6 months. Arzoxifene reduced bone turnover to a greater extent than raloxifene at 3, 6, and 12 months (P<0.05). The proportion of women reporting ≥1 adverse event did not differ between treatment groups, nor did vaginal bleeding. No cases of endometrial polyps, hyperplasia, or cancer were reported. Nasopharyngitis and bronchitis were reported more frequently with arzoxifene versus raloxifene (10.1% vs. 2.5%, and 5.1% vs. 0%, respectively) and new/worsening hot flushes were reported less frequently with arzoxifene (7.0% vs. 16.7%) (P<0.05). Conclusions Arzoxifene increased BMD and suppressed bone turnover to a greater extent than raloxifene and resulted in a lower incidence of new/worsening hot flushes. Based on subsequent findings from a fracture outcome study, this difference did not translate into improved fracture efficacy.

Gynecologic effects of arzoxifene in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or low bone mass

Menopause: The Journal of The North American Menopause Society, 2012

The aim of this study was to report the gynecologic safety findings from the Generations trial, a... more The aim of this study was to report the gynecologic safety findings from the Generations trial, a phase 3 study of the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), arzoxifene. A predefined objective of the trial was to evaluate the effects of arzoxifene on the genital tract. Gynecologic examinations were performed yearly, and further gynecologic assessment, including endometrial biopsy, was performed in a predefined subset of women and in those who developed vaginal bleeding. Overall, 9,354 women were randomized (4,678 to placebo, 4,676 to arzoxifene 20 mg/d). There were 13 adjudicated cases of endometrial cancer (placebo, 4 cases; arzoxifene, 9 cases: P = 0.165) and 6 cases of endometrial hyperplasia (placebo, 2 cases; arzoxifene, 4 cases). Endometrial thickness, assessed at 24- and 36-month transvaginal ultrasounds in a subset of women, increased slightly in women assigned to arzoxifene compared with baseline and women in placebo. At the last measurement, 3 (1.7%) women assigned to placebo and 21 (10.2%) assigned to arzoxifene had an endometrial thickness greater than 5 mm (P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.001 for difference between treatment groups). Endometrial polyps were more common in women treated with arzoxifene (n = 37) than in women treated with placebo (n = 18; P &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt; 0.05). Vulvular and vaginal inflammation, including mycotic infections, and vaginal discharge were reported more frequently in women treated with arzoxifene than in women treated with placebo, as were urinary tract infections. Gynecologic events were generally more common in women treated with arzoxifene than in women treated with placebo. The gynecologic effects of arzoxifene seem to differ from those of raloxifene, although both SERMs have a benzothiophene structure. Although all SERMs influence cells through the estrogen receptor, they need to be evaluated independently in terms of their effects on various tissues, including the genital tract.

Background: The aim of this study is to examine the associations between health utility (HU), hea... more Background: The aim of this study is to examine the associations between health utility (HU), health-related quality of life (HRQoL), and patient characteristics in postmenopausal osteoporotic (PMO) women. Methods: Baseline data from a subsample of 1,245 participants of the Multiple Outcomes of Raloxifene Evaluation study, a randomized, placebo-controlled, multinational clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of raloxifene, were analyzed. The study cohort included 694 participants from non-European Union (non-EU) countries and 551 participants from EU countries. All participants with complete baseline HU and HRQoL assessments were included in the following analyses: 1) HU (HUI or EQ-5D) and HRQoL (QualEFFO or OPAQ and NHP) associations; 2) HU variability explained by HRQoL domains; and 3) the percentage of HU variability explained by statistically significant (p < 0.05) HRQoL domains, after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Results: Several domains were significantly associated with HU scores. HU variance was well explained (41% to 61%) by 4 to 6 (p < 0.05) significant HRQoL domains. After controlling for baseline characteristics, 48% to 64% of the HU variance was well explained by 5 to 7 significant (p < 0.05) HRQoL domains. Additional trend analyses detected statistically significant decreases in HRQoL and HU scores with an increased number of vertebral and non-vertebral fractures. Conclusions: Both disease-targeted and generic HRQoL domains were well correlated with HU. A large percentage (48% to 64%) of the HU variance was explained by HRQoL, after adjusting for baseline characteristics. Both diseasetargeted and generic HRQoL measures were significant predictors of HU. HRQoL and HU scores decreased with increased vertebral and non-vertebral fractures.

Wireless Electric Field Power Transmission System and Method

Black Box: An emergency rescue dispatch system for road vehicles for instant notification of road accidents and post crash analysis

2014 International Conference on Informatics, Electronics & Vision (ICIEV), 2014

ABSTRACT Our research has been targeted towards building an integrated system for emergency rescu... more ABSTRACT Our research has been targeted towards building an integrated system for emergency rescue services in the event of a road accident. The project focuses on building an infrastructure which vehicle safety authorities can implement to enhance the reporting of vehicle crashes, provide post-crash analysis using motion sensors, record of the event in images and reduce the time it takes for emergency rescue to arrive at the crash location. We have achieved this using existing cellular network infrastructure already in place and also using GPS to pinpoint the exact location of the crash and send that data to an emergency rescue authority (such as Hospital, Fire Department, Police) using GSM text service. Our target was to build a low cost device that everyone can afford and use in their vehicles.

Hepatitis A virus vaccination strategy and pre-immunization screening of Bangladeshi children

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science, 2015

Prevalence and Costs of Childhood Diarrhoea in the Slums of Dhaka

... data. In order to figure out how to estimate the determinants of these two variables, we need... more ... data. In order to figure out how to estimate the determinants of these two variables, we need to consider a variety of models. We ... 2007). We follow this approach and use a model similar to that of Noronha and Andrade (2002). In ...

Journal of Scientific Research, Dec 29, 2009

Preparation and characterization of various complexes of cobalt (III)-amino acid system, especial... more Preparation and characterization of various complexes of cobalt (III)-amino acid system, especially cobalt (III) glycinato and cobalt (III) alaninato complexes are reported. The identification of the various isomers of these complexes is also reported. The various isomers are separated from their mixture by fractional crystallization. Each of these complexes has been characterized by observing physical characteristics, chemical analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy and IR-spectroscopy. The direct impact of geometry of the complexes to IR stretching frequencies and UV-visible spectral data of amino and carboxyl group in the complexes provided sufficient information about the geometry. A prediction about the geometries of the synthesized has also been focused.

Improved Analysis of Stimulated Raman Crosstalk in Wideband Optical WDM System

Optical Communications and Networks - Proceedings of the First International Conference on ICOCN 2002, 2002

An improved model is proposed to approximate the actual Raman gain profile of silica, which in tu... more An improved model is proposed to approximate the actual Raman gain profile of silica, which in turn is used to calculate the power depletion of the shortest-wavelength channel due to all other channels in the system. In this improved model, the stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) effects from channels at the tail of Raman gain profile are taken into account. A

Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences, 2005

Virus Research, 2009

Since wild ducks constitute a vital element in the epizootiology of avian influenza viruses (AIVs... more Since wild ducks constitute a vital element in the epizootiology of avian influenza viruses (AIVs) as well as avian paramyxoviruses (APMVs) and play a key role in the ecology and inter-species transmission of these viruses, it is crucial to elucidate the diversity and prevalence of these viruses within these bird populations. This report shows the presence, antigenic diversity, and inter-annual prevalence variations of AIVs in apparently healthy northern pintail (Anas acta) wintering in Japan. We also provide evidence that this host carries APMV-1: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and other haemagglutinating viruses. Composite samples (n = 2381) of fresh fecal materials were collected from northern pintail during November 2007-March 2008 at different locations of Tohoku district, main Island, Japan. We isolated 47 haemagglutinating viruses, out of which 25 were identified as AIVs, representing 9 combinations of 5 different haemagglutinin (HA) and 6 neuraminidase (NA) subtypes. Both H5 and H7 subtypes were identified and found to be low pathogenic. A further 11 viruses were grouped into APMV-1 (NDV). The rest of the viruses (n = 11) remained to be identified. Some of the HA subtypes and NA subtypes detected during the first season reoccurred in the second season, as well as some of their combinations; yet, several new subtypes and combinations appeared during the second season. These findings indicate that different subtypes of AIVs, NDV and other haemagglutinating viruses circulate subclinically in the pintail populations sampled. Pintails should be regarded, potentially, as important spreaders of AIVs and NDVs, particularly due to their extensively ramified flyways, which include various inter-continental routes.

Optimization of fermentation conditions for cellulases production by Bacillus licheniformis MVS1 and Bacillus sp. MVS3 isolated from Indian hot spring

Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 2012

ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effect of some nutritional and environmental facto... more ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to study the effect of some nutritional and environmental factors on the production of cellulases, in particular endoglucanase (CMCase) and exoglucanases (FPase) from Bacillus licheniformis MVS1 and Bacillus sp. MVS3 isolated from an Indian hot spring. The characterization study indicated that the optimum pH and temperature value was 6.5 to 7.0 and 50-55 C, respectively. Maximum cellulases production by both the isolates was detected after 60 h incubation period using ...