Jaipal S Choudhary - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jaipal S Choudhary

International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Oct 10, 2020

Bacterial-insects associations including both intracellular and intercellular are very common in ... more Bacterial-insects associations including both intracellular and intercellular are very common in nature and known since the last century (Petri, 1909). Associations between them are close and complex ranging from parasitism to mutualism, with a long period of association and co-evolution history (Dillon and Dillon 2004; Dale and Moran, 2006). The bacterial communities in insects mostly reside in the gut, mycetomes, hemocoel and within the cells. The associated bacteria plays an important role in host's nutrition, digestion,

Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, Nov 1, 2013

Cab Reviews: Perspectives in Agriculture, Veterinary Science, Nutrition and Natural Resources, 2019

The linking of climate projections and insect pest models is an important step for determining ef... more The linking of climate projections and insect pest models is an important step for determining effective management and counter-measures. There is an urgent need to link pest models and climate change projections for a better understanding of the outcomes of climate change-inflicted variations in future pest status. The present review aims to summarize the insect pest models that have been linked with global circulation model-based climate change scenarios and also provide a reference for future risk evaluation of agriculturally and horticulturally important insect pests. Further, discussions are also included on linking of climatic pattern matching function and process-based climatic response-type models with climate change scenarios for understanding the impact of model selection on pest status. Most simulation models use projected temperature as the main driver to run for pest risk. A total of 29 climatic pattern matching and 19 phenology-based simulation studies for insect pest risk, mainly available from USA, China, Australia, India, New Zealand and Slovenia, met the criterion of linking pest models with climate change projections. Most of the studies considered only one or few GCM-based climate change projections. No study has been simulated with an option of management components. The present review suggests that insect pest modelling for future pest risk should include more GCMs with several climatic factors by also considering the cropping systems of a particular area.

Sustainability

Rice-fallow systems in South Asian countries play a pivotal role in increasing agricultural produ... more Rice-fallow systems in South Asian countries play a pivotal role in increasing agricultural production. However, the productivity of these system is largely challenged by deteriorating soil health and limited residual soil moistures in dry-periods, precluding the possibility of winter and/or spring season crops after rice harvest. This investigation explores the possibilities of including winter and/or spring crops through conservation agriculture (CA)-based management practices and evaluates its effect on soil carbon dynamic, system productivity, energy and carbon budgeting. Field experiments were conducted at a farmer’s field in participatory modes at Chene Village, Jharkhand, India, and had five treatments comprising (1) fallow-land [FL]; (2) transplanted puddle rice (TPR)-fallow (winter)-fallow (summer), a typical cultivation practice of this region [RF]; (3) TPR–conventional-till mustard–conventional-till blackgram [CP]; (4) CA with zero-till transplanted rice (ZTTR)-ZT mustard...

The Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

Considering the economic significance of S. dorsalis in chilli crop, a study was carried out at t... more Considering the economic significance of S. dorsalis in chilli crop, a study was carried out at the ICAR-Research Complex for Eastern Region, Farming System Research Centre for Hill and Plateau Region, Ranchi, Jharkhand during the spring season of 2019 and 2020 to find out the effective chemical molecules for managing this pest. Effectiveness of 8 modern insecticides against S. dorsalis and their effect on coccinellid predators was evaluated. Efficacy of insecticides was determined by comparing number of thrips, immature stages and adults of natural enemies, marketable yield in insecticide treated versus untreated control plots. Application of spinosad @70 g a.i./ha, Emamectin benzoate 5 sg @11 g a.i./ha, Imidacloprid 200 sl @40 g a.i./ha and Fipronil 5 sc @30 g a.i./ha were found to be effective against S. dorsalis in chilli. Other insecticides were inconsistent in effectiveness against S. dorsalis population. Fenpropathrin followed by Imidacloprid were found to cause maximum reduc...

Current Science, Aug 25, 2019

Current Science, 2021

The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is the most serious pest of rice across the worl... more The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) is the most serious pest of rice across the world. It is also known to transmit stunted viral disease; the insect alone or in combination with a virus causes the breakdown of rice vascular system, leading to economic losses in commercial rice production. Despite its immense economic importance, information on its potential distribution and factors governing the present and future distribution patterns is limited. Thus, in the present study we used maximum entropy modelling with bioclimatic variables to predict the present and future potential distribution of N. lugens in India as an indicator of risk. The predictions were mapped for spatio-temporal variation and area was analysed under suitability ranges. Jackknife analysis indicated that N. lugens geographic distribution was mostly influenced by temperature-based variables that explain up to 68.7% of the distribution, with precipitation factors explaining the rest. Among individual factors, the most important for distribution of N. lugens was annual mean temperature followed by precipitation of coldest quarter and precipitation seasonality. Our results highlight that the highly suitable areas under current climate conditions are 7.3%, whereas all projections show an increase under changing climatic conditions with time up to 2090, and with emission scenarios and a corresponding decrease in low-risk areas. We conclude that climate change increases the risk of N. lugens with increased temperature as it is likely to spread to the previously unsuitable areas in India, demanding adaptation strategies.

For the extraction leaves of G. sylvestre were collected from Forest Research Institute, Deharadu... more For the extraction leaves of G. sylvestre were collected from Forest Research Institute, Deharadun, India and after shade drying it was (3.9 kg) subjected for further extraction with different solvents of varying polarity. The leaf powder firstly extracted with hexane solvent which yielded 164.46g crude extract (GS 1). This hexane extract was further partition with methanol (GS 4, 40g) and hexane (GS 3, 3.26g) solvents. The plant material remained after extraction with hexane was reextracted with methanol and labelled as crude methanol extract (GS 2). The methanol concentrate was diluted with water and the serially partitioned with hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and butanol, and respective extracts were obtain as hexane concentrate (GS 5, 35g), chloroform concentrate (GS 6, 33.59g), ethyl acetate concentrate (GS 7, 25g) and butanol concentrate (GS 8, 50g). For the crude saponins, butanol concentrate was precipitated in acetone. The pure compound was isolated from chloroform extra...

Phytoparasitica, 2019

Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), a serious polyphagous pest of horticultural crops, was studied for ... more Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), a serious polyphagous pest of horticultural crops, was studied for temperature based growth potential at ecologically relevant constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C; relative humidity of 60 ± 10% and a photoperiod of 12:12 h L:D) and simulated growth potential parameters were validated with fluctuating temperatures life cycle data under laboratory conditions on artificial diet. Rate summation and cohort updating approaches were used for simulating development and estimating life-table parameters of B. zonata. The results revealed that lower development thresholds as 11.9, 12.7, and 13.6°C and optimum temperature for survival as 26.01°C, 26.2°C and 25.5°C determined for eggs, larvae and pupae, respectively. Reduction in mean development time of all immature stages occurred with increase in temperature. The highest net reproductive rate (77.64 ± 2.59 females/female/generation), total fecundity (260.20 ± 6.37 individuals/female/generation), intrinsic rate of increase (0.10 ± 0.000 females/female/day) and finite rate of increase (1.10 ± 0.000 females/female/day) were obtained maximum at 30°C. At lowest extreme temperature (15°C) tested in present study, females were not able to lay eggs. The temperature between 25 and 28°C was the most suitable range for B. zonata reproduction and development. This shows that temperature has significant role in determining the climatic suitability for B. zonata in reproduction.

Journal of AgriSearch, 2016

Bael (Aegle marmelos) is one of the important known fruit crops of India which have widely distri... more Bael (Aegle marmelos) is one of the important known fruit crops of India which have widely distributed in Northern India. Alternaria leaf blight of Aegle marmelos (L.) (Bael) was reported for the first time in from Eastern Plateau and Hill region of India. The symptoms initially observed as light brown to dark brown spots of indefinite size appearing on leaves with light brown or dark brown rings. Infected leaves further get blighted and fall down after drying and in extreme cases of disease entire infected plants become died. The disease was observed both in nursery and orchards but in nursery it observed quite severe than orchard. The disease-causing pathogen was isolated and identified as Alternaria alternata on the basis of its disease symptoms, colony morphology and microscopic characteristics of mycelium, conidiophores and conidia. Alternaria leaf blight of bael was successfully managed by the foliar application of Chlorothalonil 75WP @ 2.5-3g/L / Carbendazim 50 WP @1-1.5g/L.

Journal of Agrometeorology, 2021

Mango hopper, Idioscopus nitidulus is the most destructive pest of mango in the India. Thus, aim ... more Mango hopper, Idioscopus nitidulus is the most destructive pest of mango in the India. Thus, aim of the study was to develop precise and easy early population prediction model of mango hopper for tropical mansoon climate conditions. Weekly occurrence data of mango hopper, I. nitidulus during five consecutive years (2014 to 2018) was used for developing hybrid of multiplicative seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average (SARIMA) and artificial neural network (ANN) model. The population of I. nitidulus increases in the month of January-February on flower panicles and October-November on new vegetative shoots in the region. The linearity in the time series data was best fitted with SARIMA (0, 0, 2) × (0, 1, 1)52 model as their correlation values are not outside the confidence intervals (CI) limits. Further ANN modeling was done for fitting the SARIMA residuals. The fitted values of model prediction and the actual values of year 2017-2018 flowering season (SMW36-52 of 2017 and SM...

Frontiers in Microbiology

IntroductionConservation agriculture (CA) is gaining attention in the South Asia as an environmen... more IntroductionConservation agriculture (CA) is gaining attention in the South Asia as an environmentally benign and sustainable food production system. The knowledge of the soil bacterial community composition along with other soil properties is essential for evaluating the CA-based management practices for achieving the soil environment sustainability and climate resilience in the rice-wheat-greengram system. The long-term effects of CA-based tillage-cum-crop establishment (TCE) methods on earthworm population, soil parameters as well as microbial diversity have not been well studied.MethodsSeven treatments (or scenarios) were laid down with the various tillage (wet, dry, or zero-tillage), establishment method (direct-or drill-seeding or transplantation) and residue management practices (mixed with the soil or kept on the soil surface). The soil samples were collected after 7 years of experimentation and analyzed for the soil quality and bacterial diversity to examine the effect of t...

PLOS ONE, Aug 30, 2022

Onion is the most important crop challenged by a diverse group of insect pests in the agricultura... more Onion is the most important crop challenged by a diverse group of insect pests in the agricultural ecosystem. The green semilooper (Chrysodeixis acuta Walker), a widespread tomato and soybean pest, has lately been described as an emergent onion crop pest in India. C. acuta whole mitochondrial genome was sequenced in this work. The circular genome of C. acuta measured 15,743 base pairs (bp) in length. Thirteen protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, two rRNA genes, and one control region were found in the 37 sequence elements. With an average 395 bp gene length, the maximum and minimum gene length observed was 1749 bp and 63 bp of nad5 and trnR, respectively. Nine of the thirteen PCGs have (ATN) as a stop codon, while the other four have a single (T) as a stop codon. Except for trnS1, all of the tRNAs were capable of producing a conventional clover leaf structure. Conserved ATAGA motif sequences and poly-T stretch were identified at the start of the control region. Six overlapping areas and 18 intergenic spacer regions were found, with sizes ranged from 1 to 20 bp and 1 to 111 bp correspondingly. Phylogenetically, C. acuta belongs to the Plusiinae subfamily of the Noctuidae superfamily, and is closely linked to Trichoplusia ni species from the same subfamily. In the present study, the emerging onion pest C. acuta has its complete mitochondrial genome sequenced for the first time.

International Journal of Pest Management, 2021

INDIAN JOURNAL OF PLANT GENETIC RESOURCES, 2020

Sustainability, Sep 5, 2022

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative... more This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY

Life, 2022

Nilaparvata lugens is the main rice pest in India. Until now, the Indian N. lugens mitochondrial ... more Nilaparvata lugens is the main rice pest in India. Until now, the Indian N. lugens mitochondrial genome has not been sequenced, which is a very important basis for population genetics and phylogenetic evolution studies. An attempt was made to sequence two examples of the whole
mitochondrial genome of N. lugens biotype 4 from the Indian population for the first time. The mitogenomes of N. lugens are 16,072 and 16,081 bp long with 77.50% and 77.45% A + T contents, respectively, for both of the samples. The mitochondrial genome of N. lugens contains 37 genes,
including 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs) (cox1-3, atp6, atp8, nad1-6, nad4l, and cob), 22 transfer RNA genes, and two ribosomal RNA (rrnS and rrnL) subunits genes, which are typical of metazoan mitogenomes. However, both samples of N. lugens mitogenome in the present study retained one extra copy of the trnC gene. Additionally, we also found 93 bp lengths for the atp8 gene in both of the samples, which were 60–70 bp less than that of the other sequenced mitogenomes of hemipteran
insects. The phylogenetic analysis of the 19 delphacids mitogenome dataset yielded two identical topologies when rooted with Ugyops sp. in one clade, and the remaining species formed another clade with P. maidis and M. muiri being sisters to the remaining species. Further, the genus Nilaparvata formed a separate subclade with the other genera (Sogatella, Laodelphax, Changeondelphax, and Unkanodes) of Delphacidae. Additionally, the relationship among the biotypes of N. lugens was recovered as the present study samples (biotype-4) were separated from the three biotypes reported earlier. The present study provides the reference mitogenome for N. lugens biotype 4 that may be utilized for
biotype differentiation and molecular-aspect-based future studies of N. lugens.

Life

Bulletin of entomological research, 2021

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a polyphagous and highly destructive invasi... more Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a polyphagous and highly destructive invasive insect pest of many crops. It was recently introduced into India and widely reported in almost all parts of India. Development of a temperature-based phenology model for predicting its rate of development and distribution will help in understanding the establishment and further spread of introduced invasive insect pests. Development, survival and reproduction parameters of S. frugiperda at six constant temperature conditions (15, 20, 25, 27, 30 and 35°C) were investigated and further validated with data generated under fluctuating temperature conditions. The estimated lower developmental threshold temperatures were 12.1°C for eggs, 11°C for larvae, 12.2°C for pupae, 15.13°C for males and 12.66°C for females. Degree-day (DD) requirements for the development of the different stages of S. frugiperda were 50, 250 and 200 DD for egg, larva and pupa, respectively. The best-fitted functions ...