Jakub Prauzner-bechcicki - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jakub Prauzner-bechcicki

Research paper thumbnail of Rescattering effects in streaking experiments of strong-field ionization

Physical Review A

Strong field ionization provides a unique mean to address complex dynamics of an electron in comp... more Strong field ionization provides a unique mean to address complex dynamics of an electron in competing Coulomb and laser fields. Recent streak camera experiment (Kübel, et al., [1]) analyzed asymmetries in the low-energy region of ejected electron momenta distribution and associated them with multiple rescattering of the electron on the parent ion. In this work we directly confirm the multiple rescattering nature of the asymmetry in the low-energy region. Such electron-ion collisions cannot be described within one-dimensional simulations even taking into account focal-volume averaging. Using time-dependent Schrödinger equation simulation in two dimensions supplemented by the insight from strong field semi-classical approximation we identify the dominant interference features of the complex photoelectron momentum maps and find their traces in the experiment. In particular, the holographic structures remain visible in experimental results averaged over carrierenvelope phase (CEP). In the case of individual momentum maps when CEP or delay between the two pulses is varied, the structures arising due to rescattering events are influenced by interfering electrons ionized at main peaks of the electric field. With an increase of experimental resolution, such structures record the electron dynamics on a sublaser-cycle time scale.

Research paper thumbnail of Double ionization of a three-electron atom: Spin correlation effects

Physical Review A

We study the effects of spin degrees of freedom and wave function symmetries on double ionization... more We study the effects of spin degrees of freedom and wave function symmetries on double ionization in three-electron systems. Each electron is assigned one spatial degree of freedom. The resulting three-dimensional Schrödinger equation is integrated numerically using grid-based Fourier transforms. We reveal three-electron effects on the double ionization yield by comparing signals for different ionization channels. We explain our findings by the existence of fundamental differences between three-electronic and truly two-electronic spin-resolved ionization schemes. We find, for instance, that double ionization from a three-electron system is dominated by electrons that have the opposite spin.

Research paper thumbnail of Restricted-space ab initio models for double ionization by strong laser pulses

Physical Review A

Double electron ionisation process occurs when an intense laser pulse interacts with atoms or mol... more Double electron ionisation process occurs when an intense laser pulse interacts with atoms or molecules. Exact ab initio numerical simulation of such a situation is extremely computer resources demanding, thus often one is forced to apply reduced dimensionality models to get insight into the physics of the process. The performance of several algorithms for simulating double electron ionization by strong femtosecond laser pulses are studied. The obtained ionization yields and the momentum distributions of the released electrons are compared, and the effects of the model dimensionality on the ionization dynamics discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Symphony on Strong Field Approximation

Reports on Progress in Physics

Research paper thumbnail of Scanning probe microscopy studies on the adsorption of selected molecular dyes on titania

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2016

Titanium dioxide, or titania, sensitized with organic dyes is a very attractive platform for phot... more Titanium dioxide, or titania, sensitized with organic dyes is a very attractive platform for photovoltaic applications. In this context, the knowledge of properties of the titania–sensitizer junction is essential for designing efficient devices. Consequently, studies on the adsorption of organic dyes on titania surfaces and on the influence of the adsorption geometry on the energy level alignment between the substrate and an organic adsorbate are necessary. The method of choice for investigating the local environment of a single dye molecule is high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. Microscopic results combined with the outcome of common spectroscopic methods provide a better understanding of the mechanism taking place at the titania–sensitizer interface. In the following paper, we review the recent scanning probe microscopic research of a certain group of molecular assemblies on rutile titania surfaces as it pertains to dye-sensitized solar cell applications. We focus on experi...

Research paper thumbnail of Atomic- and molecular-scale devices and systems for single-molecule electronics

physica status solidi (a), 2012

Atomic-and molecular-scale devices and systems for the single-molecule electronics Jakub S. Prauz... more Atomic-and molecular-scale devices and systems for the single-molecule electronics Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki*, Szymon Godlewski, and Marek Szymonski ... Corresponding author: e-mailjakub.prauzner-bechcicki@uj.edu.pl, Phone: þ48-126-635540, Fax: þ48-126-337086 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Ab initio study of time-dependent dynamics in strong-field triple ionization

Physical Review A

An ab initio analysis of strong-field three-electron ionization in a restricted-dimensionality mo... more An ab initio analysis of strong-field three-electron ionization in a restricted-dimensionality model reveals the dynamics of the ionization process and the dominant channels for double (DI) and triple ionization (TI). Simulations using wave functions that respect the Pauli principle show that the most likely channel is a sequence of single ionization (SI) and DI, while direct TI has a much lower probability. The dominant DI process has the highest probability for a singlet of up-and down-spin electrons. The results demonstrate the significance of the Pauli principle for the selection of dominant pathways in ionization and possibly other many-electron processes in strong fields.

Research paper thumbnail of Two-mode squeezed vacuum state coupled to the common thermal reservoir

Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, 2004

Entangled states play a crucial role in quantum information protocols, thus the dynamical behavio... more Entangled states play a crucial role in quantum information protocols, thus the dynamical behavior of entanglement is of a great importance. In this paper we consider a two-mode squeezed vacuum state coupled to one thermal reservoir as a model of an entangled state embedded in an environment. As a criterion for entanglement we use a continuous-variable equivalent of the Peres-Horodecki criterion, namely the Simon criterion. To quantify entanglement we use the logarithmic negativity. We derive a condition, which assures that the state remains entangled in spite of the interaction with the reservoir. Moreover for the case of interaction with vacuum as an environment we show that a state of interest after infinitely long interaction is not only entangled, but also pure. For comparison we also consider a model in which each of both modes is coupled to its own reservoir.

Research paper thumbnail of Unraveling the mechanism of on-surface polymerization on a rutile TiO2 (011) surface

On-surface synthesis of covalently bound molecular nanostructures in a bottom-up manner has recen... more On-surface synthesis of covalently bound molecular nanostructures in a bottom-up manner has recently become very attractive in the field of nanoscience . Such strategy bases on functionalization of precursor molecules with specific linking sites, which are activated after molecule deposition on a surface . The most popular method of activation is thermal triggering. Contrarily to metals, realization of described concept on insulating or semiconducting substrates is up to date weakly explored.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization of PTCDA nanocrystals on Ge(001):H-(2×1) surfaces

Applied Surface Science, 2015

ABSTRACT We analyze self-assembled nanocrystals of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride ... more ABSTRACT We analyze self-assembled nanocrystals of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on hydrogen passivated Ge(001) surface with use of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). At 0.7ML coverage, 2.1 nm high, elongated, hexagonal islands inclined at 37° with respect to the substrate row are mostly observed. By measuring the differential tunneling conductance, we observe an effect of electronic decoupling of the nanocrystals due to the introduced passivating layer. Finally, we shortly discuss the stability of the islands and their interaction with the scanning probe in the ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Ionisation in a strong laser field

Research paper thumbnail of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Atoms in Strong Laser Pulses

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2007

It is now possible to produce laser pulses with reproducible pulse shape and controlled carrier e... more It is now possible to produce laser pulses with reproducible pulse shape and controlled carrier envelope phase. It is discussed how that can be explored in double ionisation studies. To this end we solve numerically the Schrödinger equation for a limited dimensionality model which nevertheless treats electron repulsion qualitatively correctly and allows to study correlation effects due to the Coulomb

Research paper thumbnail of Non-sequential double ionization of molecules in a strong laser field

We consider the final stage of double ionization of rmO_2\rm O_2rmO2 molecules by short linearly polariz... more We consider the final stage of double ionization of rmO2\rm O_2rmO_2 molecules by short linearly polarized laser pulses. The saddles of the effective adiabatic potential energy close to which simultaneous escape of electrons from a molecule takes place are identified. The analysis of the saddles and numerical simulations of the ionization indicate that to observe clear signatures of simultaneous electron

Research paper thumbnail of Transformations of PTCDA structures on rutile TiO2 induced by thermal annealing and intermolecular forces

Beilstein journal of nanotechnology, 2015

Transformations of molecular structures formed by perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (... more Transformations of molecular structures formed by perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on a rutile TiO2(110) surface are studied with low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy. We demonstrate that metastable molecular assemblies transform into differently ordered structures either due to additional energy provided by thermal annealing or when the influence of intermolecular forces is increased by the enlarged amount of deposited molecules. Proper adjustment of molecular coverage and substrate temperature during deposition allows for fabrication of desired assemblies. Differences between PTCDA/TiO2(110) and PTCDA/TiO2(011) systems obtained through identical experimental procedures are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of On-surface Polymerization on a Semiconducting Oxide: Aryl Halide Coupling Controlled by Surface Hydroxyl Groups on Rutile TiO 2 (011)

Chem. Commun., 2015

Based on scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, we show that the covalent coupling of aryl ha... more Based on scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, we show that the covalent coupling of aryl halide monomers on the rutile TiO2(011)-(2 × 1) surface is controlled by the density of surface hydroxyl groups. The efficiency of the polymerization reaction depends on the level of surface hydroxylation, but the presence of hydroxyl groups is also essential for the reaction to occur.

Research paper thumbnail of STM tip-assisted engineering of molecular nanostructures: PTCDA islands on Ge(001):H surfaces

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2013

Islands composed of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules are grown on ... more Islands composed of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules are grown on a hydrogen passivated Ge(001):H surface. The islands are studied with room temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The spontaneous and tip-induced formation of the top-most layer of the island is presented. Assistance of the scanning probe seems to be one of the factors that facilitate and speed the process of formation of the top-most layer.

Research paper thumbnail of High-Resolution STM Studies of Terephthalic Acid Molecules on Rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) Surfaces

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009

The structure of terephthalic acid (TPA) molecules adsorbed on rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) has bee... more The structure of terephthalic acid (TPA) molecules adsorbed on rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Molecularly resolved STM images show formation of monolayer with the tendency of TPA molecules to form dimer rows along the [001] substrate direction. The ability to image functional groups by the STM tip, and single molecule diffusion are demonstrated. The quality and stability of the monolayer are tested, including the resistance against air exposure. On the basis of results obtained, the model of TPA adsorption on the rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) is proposed.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-Assembly of Terephthalic Acid on Rutile TiO2(110): Toward Chemically Functionalized Metal Oxide Surfaces

Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2008

Self-organization of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid molecules (terephthalic acid, TPA) on a rutile ... more Self-organization of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid molecules (terephthalic acid, TPA) on a rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1×1) surface is studied by means of ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM). When saturation coverage is ...

Research paper thumbnail of Time-Resolved Quantum Dynamics of Double Ionization in Strong Laser Fields

Physical Review Letters, 2007

Quantum calculations of a 1+1-dimensional model for double ionization in strong laser fields are ... more Quantum calculations of a 1+1-dimensional model for double ionization in strong laser fields are used to trace the time evolution from the ground state through ionization and rescattering to the two electron escape. The subspace of symmetric escape, a prime characteristic of nonsequential double ionization, remains accessible by a judicious choice of 1-d coordinates for the electrons. The time resolved ionization fluxes show the onset of single and double ionization, the sequence of events during the pulse, and the influences of pulse duration, and reveal the relative importance of sequential and non-sequential double ionization, even when ionization takes place during the same field cycle.

Research paper thumbnail of Structure of the indium-rich InSb(001) surface

Physical Review B, 2010

... The experimental studies are done both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. No ... more ... The experimental studies are done both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. No metallic surface bands are found using ARPES, consequently the idea of charge-density waves as a possible explanation of the LT phase suggested previously by Goryl et al. [Surf. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Rescattering effects in streaking experiments of strong-field ionization

Physical Review A

Strong field ionization provides a unique mean to address complex dynamics of an electron in comp... more Strong field ionization provides a unique mean to address complex dynamics of an electron in competing Coulomb and laser fields. Recent streak camera experiment (Kübel, et al., [1]) analyzed asymmetries in the low-energy region of ejected electron momenta distribution and associated them with multiple rescattering of the electron on the parent ion. In this work we directly confirm the multiple rescattering nature of the asymmetry in the low-energy region. Such electron-ion collisions cannot be described within one-dimensional simulations even taking into account focal-volume averaging. Using time-dependent Schrödinger equation simulation in two dimensions supplemented by the insight from strong field semi-classical approximation we identify the dominant interference features of the complex photoelectron momentum maps and find their traces in the experiment. In particular, the holographic structures remain visible in experimental results averaged over carrierenvelope phase (CEP). In the case of individual momentum maps when CEP or delay between the two pulses is varied, the structures arising due to rescattering events are influenced by interfering electrons ionized at main peaks of the electric field. With an increase of experimental resolution, such structures record the electron dynamics on a sublaser-cycle time scale.

Research paper thumbnail of Double ionization of a three-electron atom: Spin correlation effects

Physical Review A

We study the effects of spin degrees of freedom and wave function symmetries on double ionization... more We study the effects of spin degrees of freedom and wave function symmetries on double ionization in three-electron systems. Each electron is assigned one spatial degree of freedom. The resulting three-dimensional Schrödinger equation is integrated numerically using grid-based Fourier transforms. We reveal three-electron effects on the double ionization yield by comparing signals for different ionization channels. We explain our findings by the existence of fundamental differences between three-electronic and truly two-electronic spin-resolved ionization schemes. We find, for instance, that double ionization from a three-electron system is dominated by electrons that have the opposite spin.

Research paper thumbnail of Restricted-space ab initio models for double ionization by strong laser pulses

Physical Review A

Double electron ionisation process occurs when an intense laser pulse interacts with atoms or mol... more Double electron ionisation process occurs when an intense laser pulse interacts with atoms or molecules. Exact ab initio numerical simulation of such a situation is extremely computer resources demanding, thus often one is forced to apply reduced dimensionality models to get insight into the physics of the process. The performance of several algorithms for simulating double electron ionization by strong femtosecond laser pulses are studied. The obtained ionization yields and the momentum distributions of the released electrons are compared, and the effects of the model dimensionality on the ionization dynamics discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of Symphony on Strong Field Approximation

Reports on Progress in Physics

Research paper thumbnail of Scanning probe microscopy studies on the adsorption of selected molecular dyes on titania

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2016

Titanium dioxide, or titania, sensitized with organic dyes is a very attractive platform for phot... more Titanium dioxide, or titania, sensitized with organic dyes is a very attractive platform for photovoltaic applications. In this context, the knowledge of properties of the titania–sensitizer junction is essential for designing efficient devices. Consequently, studies on the adsorption of organic dyes on titania surfaces and on the influence of the adsorption geometry on the energy level alignment between the substrate and an organic adsorbate are necessary. The method of choice for investigating the local environment of a single dye molecule is high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. Microscopic results combined with the outcome of common spectroscopic methods provide a better understanding of the mechanism taking place at the titania–sensitizer interface. In the following paper, we review the recent scanning probe microscopic research of a certain group of molecular assemblies on rutile titania surfaces as it pertains to dye-sensitized solar cell applications. We focus on experi...

Research paper thumbnail of Atomic- and molecular-scale devices and systems for single-molecule electronics

physica status solidi (a), 2012

Atomic-and molecular-scale devices and systems for the single-molecule electronics Jakub S. Prauz... more Atomic-and molecular-scale devices and systems for the single-molecule electronics Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki*, Szymon Godlewski, and Marek Szymonski ... Corresponding author: e-mailjakub.prauzner-bechcicki@uj.edu.pl, Phone: þ48-126-635540, Fax: þ48-126-337086 ...

Research paper thumbnail of Ab initio study of time-dependent dynamics in strong-field triple ionization

Physical Review A

An ab initio analysis of strong-field three-electron ionization in a restricted-dimensionality mo... more An ab initio analysis of strong-field three-electron ionization in a restricted-dimensionality model reveals the dynamics of the ionization process and the dominant channels for double (DI) and triple ionization (TI). Simulations using wave functions that respect the Pauli principle show that the most likely channel is a sequence of single ionization (SI) and DI, while direct TI has a much lower probability. The dominant DI process has the highest probability for a singlet of up-and down-spin electrons. The results demonstrate the significance of the Pauli principle for the selection of dominant pathways in ionization and possibly other many-electron processes in strong fields.

Research paper thumbnail of Two-mode squeezed vacuum state coupled to the common thermal reservoir

Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and General, 2004

Entangled states play a crucial role in quantum information protocols, thus the dynamical behavio... more Entangled states play a crucial role in quantum information protocols, thus the dynamical behavior of entanglement is of a great importance. In this paper we consider a two-mode squeezed vacuum state coupled to one thermal reservoir as a model of an entangled state embedded in an environment. As a criterion for entanglement we use a continuous-variable equivalent of the Peres-Horodecki criterion, namely the Simon criterion. To quantify entanglement we use the logarithmic negativity. We derive a condition, which assures that the state remains entangled in spite of the interaction with the reservoir. Moreover for the case of interaction with vacuum as an environment we show that a state of interest after infinitely long interaction is not only entangled, but also pure. For comparison we also consider a model in which each of both modes is coupled to its own reservoir.

Research paper thumbnail of Unraveling the mechanism of on-surface polymerization on a rutile TiO2 (011) surface

On-surface synthesis of covalently bound molecular nanostructures in a bottom-up manner has recen... more On-surface synthesis of covalently bound molecular nanostructures in a bottom-up manner has recently become very attractive in the field of nanoscience . Such strategy bases on functionalization of precursor molecules with specific linking sites, which are activated after molecule deposition on a surface . The most popular method of activation is thermal triggering. Contrarily to metals, realization of described concept on insulating or semiconducting substrates is up to date weakly explored.

Research paper thumbnail of Characterization of PTCDA nanocrystals on Ge(001):H-(2×1) surfaces

Applied Surface Science, 2015

ABSTRACT We analyze self-assembled nanocrystals of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride ... more ABSTRACT We analyze self-assembled nanocrystals of 3,4,9,10-perylene tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on hydrogen passivated Ge(001) surface with use of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and spectroscopy (STS). At 0.7ML coverage, 2.1 nm high, elongated, hexagonal islands inclined at 37° with respect to the substrate row are mostly observed. By measuring the differential tunneling conductance, we observe an effect of electronic decoupling of the nanocrystals due to the introduced passivating layer. Finally, we shortly discuss the stability of the islands and their interaction with the scanning probe in the ultra-high vacuum (UHV) environment.

Research paper thumbnail of Ionisation in a strong laser field

Research paper thumbnail of Nonsequential Double Ionization of Atoms in Strong Laser Pulses

Acta Physica Polonica A, 2007

It is now possible to produce laser pulses with reproducible pulse shape and controlled carrier e... more It is now possible to produce laser pulses with reproducible pulse shape and controlled carrier envelope phase. It is discussed how that can be explored in double ionisation studies. To this end we solve numerically the Schrödinger equation for a limited dimensionality model which nevertheless treats electron repulsion qualitatively correctly and allows to study correlation effects due to the Coulomb

Research paper thumbnail of Non-sequential double ionization of molecules in a strong laser field

We consider the final stage of double ionization of rmO_2\rm O_2rmO2 molecules by short linearly polariz... more We consider the final stage of double ionization of rmO2\rm O_2rmO_2 molecules by short linearly polarized laser pulses. The saddles of the effective adiabatic potential energy close to which simultaneous escape of electrons from a molecule takes place are identified. The analysis of the saddles and numerical simulations of the ionization indicate that to observe clear signatures of simultaneous electron

Research paper thumbnail of Transformations of PTCDA structures on rutile TiO2 induced by thermal annealing and intermolecular forces

Beilstein journal of nanotechnology, 2015

Transformations of molecular structures formed by perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (... more Transformations of molecular structures formed by perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on a rutile TiO2(110) surface are studied with low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy. We demonstrate that metastable molecular assemblies transform into differently ordered structures either due to additional energy provided by thermal annealing or when the influence of intermolecular forces is increased by the enlarged amount of deposited molecules. Proper adjustment of molecular coverage and substrate temperature during deposition allows for fabrication of desired assemblies. Differences between PTCDA/TiO2(110) and PTCDA/TiO2(011) systems obtained through identical experimental procedures are discussed.

Research paper thumbnail of On-surface Polymerization on a Semiconducting Oxide: Aryl Halide Coupling Controlled by Surface Hydroxyl Groups on Rutile TiO 2 (011)

Chem. Commun., 2015

Based on scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, we show that the covalent coupling of aryl ha... more Based on scanning tunneling microscopy experiments, we show that the covalent coupling of aryl halide monomers on the rutile TiO2(011)-(2 × 1) surface is controlled by the density of surface hydroxyl groups. The efficiency of the polymerization reaction depends on the level of surface hydroxylation, but the presence of hydroxyl groups is also essential for the reaction to occur.

Research paper thumbnail of STM tip-assisted engineering of molecular nanostructures: PTCDA islands on Ge(001):H surfaces

Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 2013

Islands composed of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules are grown on ... more Islands composed of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules are grown on a hydrogen passivated Ge(001):H surface. The islands are studied with room temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy. The spontaneous and tip-induced formation of the top-most layer of the island is presented. Assistance of the scanning probe seems to be one of the factors that facilitate and speed the process of formation of the top-most layer.

Research paper thumbnail of High-Resolution STM Studies of Terephthalic Acid Molecules on Rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) Surfaces

The Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2009

The structure of terephthalic acid (TPA) molecules adsorbed on rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) has bee... more The structure of terephthalic acid (TPA) molecules adsorbed on rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) has been investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Molecularly resolved STM images show formation of monolayer with the tendency of TPA molecules to form dimer rows along the [001] substrate direction. The ability to image functional groups by the STM tip, and single molecule diffusion are demonstrated. The quality and stability of the monolayer are tested, including the resistance against air exposure. On the basis of results obtained, the model of TPA adsorption on the rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1 × 1) is proposed.

Research paper thumbnail of Self-Assembly of Terephthalic Acid on Rutile TiO2(110): Toward Chemically Functionalized Metal Oxide Surfaces

Journal of Physical Chemistry C, 2008

Self-organization of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid molecules (terephthalic acid, TPA) on a rutile ... more Self-organization of 1,4-benzenedicarboxylic acid molecules (terephthalic acid, TPA) on a rutile TiO 2 (110)-(1×1) surface is studied by means of ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM). When saturation coverage is ...

Research paper thumbnail of Time-Resolved Quantum Dynamics of Double Ionization in Strong Laser Fields

Physical Review Letters, 2007

Quantum calculations of a 1+1-dimensional model for double ionization in strong laser fields are ... more Quantum calculations of a 1+1-dimensional model for double ionization in strong laser fields are used to trace the time evolution from the ground state through ionization and rescattering to the two electron escape. The subspace of symmetric escape, a prime characteristic of nonsequential double ionization, remains accessible by a judicious choice of 1-d coordinates for the electrons. The time resolved ionization fluxes show the onset of single and double ionization, the sequence of events during the pulse, and the influences of pulse duration, and reveal the relative importance of sequential and non-sequential double ionization, even when ionization takes place during the same field cycle.

Research paper thumbnail of Structure of the indium-rich InSb(001) surface

Physical Review B, 2010

... The experimental studies are done both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. No ... more ... The experimental studies are done both at room temperature and at cryogenic temperatures. No metallic surface bands are found using ARPES, consequently the idea of charge-density waves as a possible explanation of the LT phase suggested previously by Goryl et al. [Surf. ...