Jamaludin Malik - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jamaludin Malik

Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

Activated carbon (AC) derived from coconut shells (CS-AC) was obtained through pyrolysis at 700℃ ... more Activated carbon (AC) derived from coconut shells (CS-AC) was obtained through pyrolysis at 700℃ and subsequently activated with H3PO4. AC was ground in a Wiley mill several times to form powder particles at particle scales of 80, 100, and 200 meshes. The characterization of the AC was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and surface area analysis (SBET). The CS-AC-200 mesh resulted in a higher percentage of mesopores and surface area. This particle size had a larger surface area with angular, irregular, and crushed shapes in the SEM view. The smaller particles had smoother surfaces, less wear, and increased curing depth and ratio of the hardness of the resin composite. Based on the characterization results of the AC, it is evident that CS-AC with a 200 mesh particle size has the potential to be used as a filler in biocomposites.

Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

Limbah hasil hutan dan pertanian saat ini belum memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik maka pembuatan ... more Limbah hasil hutan dan pertanian saat ini belum memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik maka pembuatan papan partikel bisa menjadi solusi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dari campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi menggunakan perekat dekstrin dari pati tepung onggok. Pembuatan dekstrin dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan asam klorida (HCl) dengan konsentrasi 5% sebanyak 5 mL terhadap 80 g pati tepung onggok, kemudian dioven pada suhu 130°C selama 3 jam. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pembuatan papan partikel dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm3. Untuk mengetahui komposisi campuran bahan yang optimal, papan partikel dibuat dengan empat komposisi bahan campuran antara serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dengan kulit buah kopi dengan perbandingan berat: 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50% dan 25%:75%. Perekat dekstrin yang digunakan dalam pembuatan papan partikel sebanyak 20% dari berat kering tanur partikel dan dilakukan pengempaan p...

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 2006

Wood bent has been observed on three wood species from forest people plantation, i.e. Rasamala (A... more Wood bent has been observed on three wood species from forest people plantation, i.e. Rasamala (Altingia excelsa Noronha), Java Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) and Marasi (Hymenaea courbaril L.), through steaming and soaking in 3% NaOH pre-treatment.The results showed that pre-treatment by soaking in 3% NaOH for 7 days continued by steaming for 30 minutes at temperature of 105 + 3ºC, could increase bent ability of each wood as follows: Rasamala 124%, Marasi 41% and Java Tamarind wood 13%, compared to bent ability of these woods with steaming treatment only. The Rasamala wood has bigger bent-radius or more difficult to be bent than the two others. Bending radius and increasing of wood bending of wood with high specific gravity is lower than wood with low the specific gravit

Wood offers various beneficial uses (e.g. for construction, household items, and vehicle bodies) ... more Wood offers various beneficial uses (e.g. for construction, household items, and vehicle bodies) due to their advantageous characteristics such as high ratio of wood strength to weight, low heat and electric conductance, good-machining properties, and attractive appearances. However, wood has some weakness, e.g. low dimensional stability due to environment changes, low durability for particular species rendering susceptible to decay, and some species are porous causing low density and low strengths. For Indonesia, those cases should deserve a serious attention, since raw materials for wood industries and wooden products currently consume high-quality wood from natural forests, where their areas tend to diminish. To reduce dependency on natural forest wood, Indonesia's government has enacted policies among others using alternative wood species from e.g. plantation forests, community forests, and old rubber-plantations; and ligno-cellulosic monocotyledon stuffs (bamboo, old oil-p...

Forests

Global agreements mandate the international community, including Indonesia, to commit to reducing... more Global agreements mandate the international community, including Indonesia, to commit to reducing the risks and impacts of climate change. Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) will contribute to the achievement of the Convention’s goals by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing climate resilience. This commitment must be supported by a wide range of actions, including the use of timber. Despite the fact that wood contains carbon, limited information is currently available on the size of the wood utilisation subsector’s contribution to reducing GHG emissions. More research is needed on the magnitude of wood products’ contribution to climate change mitigation. This study assessed the amount of carbon stored in wood used as a building material. Purposive sampling was used to select the cities with rapid housing development surrounding Jakarta’s capital city, i.e., the Bekasi District, East Jakarta City, Depok City, and Bogor District. The amount of car...

Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 2018

Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 2005

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2012

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2005

Prosiding Ilmiah Seminar Nasional Lignoselulosa 2020 ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mendise... more Prosiding Ilmiah Seminar Nasional Lignoselulosa 2020 ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mendiseminasikan hasil-hasil penelitian di Pusat Penelitian Biomaterial LIPI terkait penelitian, pengembangan, dan pengkajian bahan bioproduk yang bersumber dari lignoselulosa. Artikel-artikel dalam prosiding ini telah diseminarkan dalam Seminar Nasional Lignoselulosa 2020 dengan tema “Tantangan dan Peluang Industrialisasi Produk Berbasis Lignoselulosa” dengan beragam bahasan, di antaranya bioproduk, material, bioenergi, dan lingkungan. Prosiding ini menyajikan sebanyak 13 makalah lengkap dari partisipasi aktif, peserta dari kalangan peneliti, akademisi, dan praktisi industri. Selain itu, juga terdapat 5 buah abstrak dari pemakalah kunci (keynote speaker).

Journal of the Korean wood science and technology, 2020

Effect of pre-treatment and compression ratio on specific gravity (SG) and dimensional stability ... more Effect of pre-treatment and compression ratio on specific gravity (SG) and dimensional stability improvement of three lesser-used wood species from natural forest area of North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia had been investigated. Hot soaking at 80 ℃ for 3 hours within 2 and 5% of boron solution was applied as pre-treatment, while compression ratio applied was 20 and 40% from the initial thickness. Densification was conducted using hot pressing machine at 30 kg/cm2 of pressure and 160 ℃ of temperature for 15 minutes. Specific gravity was measured gravimetrically, while dimensional stability was evaluated through thickness swelling and water absorption as the indicator. Results show that SG of densified wood was influenced by wood species and compression ratio, but not by pre-treatment applied; while dimensional stability was influenced by wood species, compression ratio, and pre-treatment. Specific gravity and water absorption of densified wood was improved significantly. Specific g...

This paper deals with a study in machining properties of small diameter log of five wood species,... more This paper deals with a study in machining properties of small diameter log of five wood species, i.e. mahang ( Macaranga pruinosa Muell . Arg.), medang kuning ( Litsea sp.), bayur ( Pterospermum diversifolium Bl.), balam merah ( Palaquium gutta Baill.), and merkubung ( Macaranga gigantea Muell. Arg) using LPHH (1976) Standard and modified ASTM D 1666-64. The results revealed that in planing aspect, mahang, medang, balam, and merkubung belonged to class I (very good); Bayur to class II (good). In shaping aspect. mahang and balam belonged lo class 1, bayur and merkubung to class II. and medang to class Ill (moderate). In turning aspect, balam belonged to class I and mahang lo class V; medang, bayur and merkubung lo class II. In boring aspects, medang and bayur belonged to class II; balam to class III; mahang and merkubung to class IV (poor). In sanding aspect all wood species belonged to class I. All these wood species may be suitable for furniture and other secondary industry.

Industri pengolahan kayu dan mebel (IPKM) Jawa Tengah saat ini menghadapi permasalahan kekurangan... more Industri pengolahan kayu dan mebel (IPKM) Jawa Tengah saat ini menghadapi permasalahan kekurangan bahan baku kayu. Hal ini memunculkan ide untuk membangun terminal kayu terpadu (TKT). Oleh karena investasi pembangunan TKT membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar, sementara permasalahan inti industri kayu Jawa Tengah belum diketahui, maka diperlukan kajian untuk mengetahui dibutuhkan atau tidaknya terminal kayu terpadu sebagai fasilitas penunjang industri kayu di Jawa Tengah. Tulisan ini mengemukakan hasil kajian terhadap kebijakan pembangunan terminal kayu terpadu tersebut. Kajian difokuskan pada permasalahan yang dihadapi IPKM, solusi yang dikemukakan dan tingkat pasokan dan kebutuhan bahan baku kayu. Kajian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif dan eksploratif yang menganalisis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif, baik sekunder maupun primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap responden dengan kriteria tertentu yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

This paper presents the results of research on the utilization of wood waste in the form of wood-... more This paper presents the results of research on the utilization of wood waste in the form of wood-chips of sengon wood (S) and sawdust of pinewood (P), mixed with palm-fibres and plastic waste of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), for the manufacture of wood plastic composite (WPC) products with three variations mixtures of flakes, fibres and the matrix: A = 50:25:25, B = 50:30:15 and C = 50:15:35. Physical and mechanical properties of the composite refer to the procedure and criteria of SNI 8154: 2015. The results revealed that the densities of the WPC are in accordance with the target ≥ 0.60 g/cm3 where the highest by 0.874 g/cm3 belongs to the composition of PEPB. The composite moisture content is much lower than the maximum water content required i.e 12%. MOE and MOR of the WPC that meet the standard requirement belong to the composition of PPSA and PESB by 20450.67 and 20286.67 kg/cm2 (MOE) and by 187.08 and 194.11 kg/cm2 (MOR). The highest screw-withdrawal strength was 7...

South-Central Timor District with the area of ​​3,955.36 km 2 holds a lot of diversity of non-tim... more South-Central Timor District with the area of ​​3,955.36 km 2 holds a lot of diversity of non-timber forest products, including rattan plants. Rattan is widely spread in forest area which is its natural habitat. The increasing of both legal and illegal forest exploitation and land conversion resulted in the habitat damage. Some communities around the forest have used rattan as raw material for plaits, ropes and household needs, while the rattan has not been inventoried and cultivated properly. The purpose of this study is to determine the diversity of rattan species and utilization by the people in the District of South-Central Timor, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Field research activities were carried out using the exploration method in the Kualeui forest area, namely the villages of Oelalali, Sub-District of Kualin and Lolli Village, Sub-District of Pollen. Rattan data collection was recorded in passport data followed by data documentation. Exploration results show that the forests...

Conversion factor is a value representing the conversion in rattan processing. The convert mainly... more Conversion factor is a value representing the conversion in rattan processing. The convert mainly happened on physical properties such as moisture content and specific gravity. They convert volume and weight. That conversion factor is important to be determined accurately, because it will affect production cost and forest product's fee paid by rattan producer. Four species of a large and small diameter rattan were studied i.e. Seuti ( Calamus omatus Bl), Bubuay (Plectocomia elongata Bl) Seel ( D aemonorops melanochaetes Becc.) and Pelah ( D aemonorops rubra Bl.). The conversion factor was counted on the basic of weight and volume decreas. The results indicated that conversion factor of large rattan from fresh rattan to polished are 35.6­41.2% by weight and 68.5­83.0% by volume. Conversion factor of small rattan that processed until splitting are 28.5­25.1% skin and 7.3­9.8 % by core weight.

Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology

Activated carbon (AC) derived from coconut shells (CS-AC) was obtained through pyrolysis at 700℃ ... more Activated carbon (AC) derived from coconut shells (CS-AC) was obtained through pyrolysis at 700℃ and subsequently activated with H3PO4. AC was ground in a Wiley mill several times to form powder particles at particle scales of 80, 100, and 200 meshes. The characterization of the AC was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and surface area analysis (SBET). The CS-AC-200 mesh resulted in a higher percentage of mesopores and surface area. This particle size had a larger surface area with angular, irregular, and crushed shapes in the SEM view. The smaller particles had smoother surfaces, less wear, and increased curing depth and ratio of the hardness of the resin composite. Based on the characterization results of the AC, it is evident that CS-AC with a 200 mesh particle size has the potential to be used as a filler in biocomposites.

Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan

Limbah hasil hutan dan pertanian saat ini belum memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik maka pembuatan ... more Limbah hasil hutan dan pertanian saat ini belum memiliki nilai ekonomis yang baik maka pembuatan papan partikel bisa menjadi solusi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik fisis dan mekanis papan partikel dari campuran serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dan kulit buah kopi menggunakan perekat dekstrin dari pati tepung onggok. Pembuatan dekstrin dilakukan dengan cara menyemprotkan asam klorida (HCl) dengan konsentrasi 5% sebanyak 5 mL terhadap 80 g pati tepung onggok, kemudian dioven pada suhu 130°C selama 3 jam. Selanjutnya, dilakukan pembuatan papan partikel dengan target kerapatan 0,6 g/cm3. Untuk mengetahui komposisi campuran bahan yang optimal, papan partikel dibuat dengan empat komposisi bahan campuran antara serbuk gergajian kayu sengon dengan kulit buah kopi dengan perbandingan berat: 100%:0%, 75%:25%, 50%:50% dan 25%:75%. Perekat dekstrin yang digunakan dalam pembuatan papan partikel sebanyak 20% dari berat kering tanur partikel dan dilakukan pengempaan p...

Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kayu Tropis, 2006

Wood bent has been observed on three wood species from forest people plantation, i.e. Rasamala (A... more Wood bent has been observed on three wood species from forest people plantation, i.e. Rasamala (Altingia excelsa Noronha), Java Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) and Marasi (Hymenaea courbaril L.), through steaming and soaking in 3% NaOH pre-treatment.The results showed that pre-treatment by soaking in 3% NaOH for 7 days continued by steaming for 30 minutes at temperature of 105 + 3ºC, could increase bent ability of each wood as follows: Rasamala 124%, Marasi 41% and Java Tamarind wood 13%, compared to bent ability of these woods with steaming treatment only. The Rasamala wood has bigger bent-radius or more difficult to be bent than the two others. Bending radius and increasing of wood bending of wood with high specific gravity is lower than wood with low the specific gravit

Wood offers various beneficial uses (e.g. for construction, household items, and vehicle bodies) ... more Wood offers various beneficial uses (e.g. for construction, household items, and vehicle bodies) due to their advantageous characteristics such as high ratio of wood strength to weight, low heat and electric conductance, good-machining properties, and attractive appearances. However, wood has some weakness, e.g. low dimensional stability due to environment changes, low durability for particular species rendering susceptible to decay, and some species are porous causing low density and low strengths. For Indonesia, those cases should deserve a serious attention, since raw materials for wood industries and wooden products currently consume high-quality wood from natural forests, where their areas tend to diminish. To reduce dependency on natural forest wood, Indonesia's government has enacted policies among others using alternative wood species from e.g. plantation forests, community forests, and old rubber-plantations; and ligno-cellulosic monocotyledon stuffs (bamboo, old oil-p...

Forests

Global agreements mandate the international community, including Indonesia, to commit to reducing... more Global agreements mandate the international community, including Indonesia, to commit to reducing the risks and impacts of climate change. Indonesia’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) will contribute to the achievement of the Convention’s goals by reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and increasing climate resilience. This commitment must be supported by a wide range of actions, including the use of timber. Despite the fact that wood contains carbon, limited information is currently available on the size of the wood utilisation subsector’s contribution to reducing GHG emissions. More research is needed on the magnitude of wood products’ contribution to climate change mitigation. This study assessed the amount of carbon stored in wood used as a building material. Purposive sampling was used to select the cities with rapid housing development surrounding Jakarta’s capital city, i.e., the Bekasi District, East Jakarta City, Depok City, and Bogor District. The amount of car...

Maderas. Ciencia y tecnología, 2018

Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan, 2005

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2012

Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research, 2005

Prosiding Ilmiah Seminar Nasional Lignoselulosa 2020 ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mendise... more Prosiding Ilmiah Seminar Nasional Lignoselulosa 2020 ini merupakan salah satu upaya untuk mendiseminasikan hasil-hasil penelitian di Pusat Penelitian Biomaterial LIPI terkait penelitian, pengembangan, dan pengkajian bahan bioproduk yang bersumber dari lignoselulosa. Artikel-artikel dalam prosiding ini telah diseminarkan dalam Seminar Nasional Lignoselulosa 2020 dengan tema “Tantangan dan Peluang Industrialisasi Produk Berbasis Lignoselulosa” dengan beragam bahasan, di antaranya bioproduk, material, bioenergi, dan lingkungan. Prosiding ini menyajikan sebanyak 13 makalah lengkap dari partisipasi aktif, peserta dari kalangan peneliti, akademisi, dan praktisi industri. Selain itu, juga terdapat 5 buah abstrak dari pemakalah kunci (keynote speaker).

Journal of the Korean wood science and technology, 2020

Effect of pre-treatment and compression ratio on specific gravity (SG) and dimensional stability ... more Effect of pre-treatment and compression ratio on specific gravity (SG) and dimensional stability improvement of three lesser-used wood species from natural forest area of North Kalimantan Province, Indonesia had been investigated. Hot soaking at 80 ℃ for 3 hours within 2 and 5% of boron solution was applied as pre-treatment, while compression ratio applied was 20 and 40% from the initial thickness. Densification was conducted using hot pressing machine at 30 kg/cm2 of pressure and 160 ℃ of temperature for 15 minutes. Specific gravity was measured gravimetrically, while dimensional stability was evaluated through thickness swelling and water absorption as the indicator. Results show that SG of densified wood was influenced by wood species and compression ratio, but not by pre-treatment applied; while dimensional stability was influenced by wood species, compression ratio, and pre-treatment. Specific gravity and water absorption of densified wood was improved significantly. Specific g...

This paper deals with a study in machining properties of small diameter log of five wood species,... more This paper deals with a study in machining properties of small diameter log of five wood species, i.e. mahang ( Macaranga pruinosa Muell . Arg.), medang kuning ( Litsea sp.), bayur ( Pterospermum diversifolium Bl.), balam merah ( Palaquium gutta Baill.), and merkubung ( Macaranga gigantea Muell. Arg) using LPHH (1976) Standard and modified ASTM D 1666-64. The results revealed that in planing aspect, mahang, medang, balam, and merkubung belonged to class I (very good); Bayur to class II (good). In shaping aspect. mahang and balam belonged lo class 1, bayur and merkubung to class II. and medang to class Ill (moderate). In turning aspect, balam belonged to class I and mahang lo class V; medang, bayur and merkubung lo class II. In boring aspects, medang and bayur belonged to class II; balam to class III; mahang and merkubung to class IV (poor). In sanding aspect all wood species belonged to class I. All these wood species may be suitable for furniture and other secondary industry.

Industri pengolahan kayu dan mebel (IPKM) Jawa Tengah saat ini menghadapi permasalahan kekurangan... more Industri pengolahan kayu dan mebel (IPKM) Jawa Tengah saat ini menghadapi permasalahan kekurangan bahan baku kayu. Hal ini memunculkan ide untuk membangun terminal kayu terpadu (TKT). Oleh karena investasi pembangunan TKT membutuhkan biaya yang sangat besar, sementara permasalahan inti industri kayu Jawa Tengah belum diketahui, maka diperlukan kajian untuk mengetahui dibutuhkan atau tidaknya terminal kayu terpadu sebagai fasilitas penunjang industri kayu di Jawa Tengah. Tulisan ini mengemukakan hasil kajian terhadap kebijakan pembangunan terminal kayu terpadu tersebut. Kajian difokuskan pada permasalahan yang dihadapi IPKM, solusi yang dikemukakan dan tingkat pasokan dan kebutuhan bahan baku kayu. Kajian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif dan eksploratif yang menganalisis data kuantitatif dan kualitatif, baik sekunder maupun primer yang diperoleh melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap responden dengan kriteria tertentu yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Hasil analisis menunjukkan ...

IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

This paper presents the results of research on the utilization of wood waste in the form of wood-... more This paper presents the results of research on the utilization of wood waste in the form of wood-chips of sengon wood (S) and sawdust of pinewood (P), mixed with palm-fibres and plastic waste of polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE), for the manufacture of wood plastic composite (WPC) products with three variations mixtures of flakes, fibres and the matrix: A = 50:25:25, B = 50:30:15 and C = 50:15:35. Physical and mechanical properties of the composite refer to the procedure and criteria of SNI 8154: 2015. The results revealed that the densities of the WPC are in accordance with the target ≥ 0.60 g/cm3 where the highest by 0.874 g/cm3 belongs to the composition of PEPB. The composite moisture content is much lower than the maximum water content required i.e 12%. MOE and MOR of the WPC that meet the standard requirement belong to the composition of PPSA and PESB by 20450.67 and 20286.67 kg/cm2 (MOE) and by 187.08 and 194.11 kg/cm2 (MOR). The highest screw-withdrawal strength was 7...

South-Central Timor District with the area of ​​3,955.36 km 2 holds a lot of diversity of non-tim... more South-Central Timor District with the area of ​​3,955.36 km 2 holds a lot of diversity of non-timber forest products, including rattan plants. Rattan is widely spread in forest area which is its natural habitat. The increasing of both legal and illegal forest exploitation and land conversion resulted in the habitat damage. Some communities around the forest have used rattan as raw material for plaits, ropes and household needs, while the rattan has not been inventoried and cultivated properly. The purpose of this study is to determine the diversity of rattan species and utilization by the people in the District of South-Central Timor, East Nusa Tenggara Province. Field research activities were carried out using the exploration method in the Kualeui forest area, namely the villages of Oelalali, Sub-District of Kualin and Lolli Village, Sub-District of Pollen. Rattan data collection was recorded in passport data followed by data documentation. Exploration results show that the forests...

Conversion factor is a value representing the conversion in rattan processing. The convert mainly... more Conversion factor is a value representing the conversion in rattan processing. The convert mainly happened on physical properties such as moisture content and specific gravity. They convert volume and weight. That conversion factor is important to be determined accurately, because it will affect production cost and forest product's fee paid by rattan producer. Four species of a large and small diameter rattan were studied i.e. Seuti ( Calamus omatus Bl), Bubuay (Plectocomia elongata Bl) Seel ( D aemonorops melanochaetes Becc.) and Pelah ( D aemonorops rubra Bl.). The conversion factor was counted on the basic of weight and volume decreas. The results indicated that conversion factor of large rattan from fresh rattan to polished are 35.6­41.2% by weight and 68.5­83.0% by volume. Conversion factor of small rattan that processed until splitting are 28.5­25.1% skin and 7.3­9.8 % by core weight.