James W Jenness - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by James W Jenness

OSA Annual Meeting

We reported previously (ARVO, 1993) that sparse white or green dots randomly scattered throughout... more We reported previously (ARVO, 1993) that sparse white or green dots randomly scattered throughout an otherwise uniform red background field (4.7°, 4.5cd/m2 ~50 td) affect the color appearance of a test superimposed on the background.

United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Nov 1, 2021

Blough$\sp1$ found that pigeons' detection thresholds for long wavelength lights fall initial... more Blough$\sp1$ found that pigeons' detection thresholds for long wavelength lights fall initially in the dark, but then rise at a later time. This result is interesting because it is not consistent with the traditional understanding of the physiological mechanisms responsible for the shape of psychophysical dark adaptation functions. In the present study, 12 experiments confirm that the Blough effect may be measured in humans, and that it is not likely the result of any methodological artifact. Dark adaptation functions for 5 trichromats, 3 protanopes and 2 deuteranopes were measured at 15 degrees in the temporal retina using a Maxwellian-view, computer controlled dark adaptometer. Following a 2 minute exposure to a monochromatic (500nm) bleaching field (3.62 log Tp), the cone-mediated threshold for a 1 degree diamater test flash (701nm) falls initially to a minimum at 3 minutes in the dark, but then rises by approximately 0.15 log units. Other experiments indicate that the effect is not caused by interocular interactions, nor does it involve a decrease in either the spatial or temporal integrating capability of the detection mechanism. A much larger rise in threshold (0.6 log units) was found for small 14$\sp\prime$ diameter test fields suggesting that for larger test fields, increases in spatial integration during dark adaptation may partially balance the loss of sensitivity involved in Blough effect. Dark adaptation functions measured after exposure to different chromatic bleaching fields show a similar Blough effect following scotopically equated bleaches but not following photopically equated bleaches, while dark adaptation functions measured on a series of (504nm) rod-stimulating backgrounds show a rise in threshold if the background was 1.20 log Ts (or less), but not if the background was 1.82 log Ts (or greater). Based on these results, it is concluded that the Blough effect represents a real underlying physiological feature of human dark adaptation, which may be caused by a tonic, inhibitory influence of rods on cones. ftn$\sp1$Blough, D. S. (1958). Rise in the pigeon's threshold with a red test stimulus during dark adaptation. J. Opt. Soc. Am., 48: 274.Ph.D.PsychologyUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/103088/1/9303754.pdfDescription of 9303754.pdf : Restricted to UM users only

The Crash Warning Interface Metrics (CWIM) project addressed issues of the driver-vehicle interfa... more The Crash Warning Interface Metrics (CWIM) project addressed issues of the driver-vehicle interface (DVI) for Advanced Crash Warning Systems (ACWS). The focus was on identifying the effects of certain warning system features (e.g., warning modality) and on establishing common methods and metrics that may be generally applied for evaluating DVIs in different vehicles. The project did not have the goal of proposing standard interfaces for particular warning functions, but it did consider implications for design. The project included analytical activities and five experiments. Each experiment investigated the effects of ACWS DVI on driver behavior or comprehension using a different methodology. An objective of these studies was to determine the appropriateness of the various methodologies for use in subsequent human factors research on ACWS DVIs. Implications were discussed for methods to evaluate DVIs including driving scenarios, research participant characteristics, pre-familiarizati...

Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings an... more Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its content or use thereof. If trade or manufacturers ’ names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United

AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety., Apr 29, 2019

Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, a... more Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade names, manufacturers ’ names, or specific products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. 1. Report No. DOT HS 811 506

Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, a... more Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade names, manufacturers'names, or specific products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. i 1. Report No.

Text reading and text input assessment in support of the NHTSA visual-manual driver distraction g... more Text reading and text input assessment in support of the NHTSA visual-manual driver distraction guidelines (Report No. DOT HS 811 820). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.

the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings and conclusions expressed in this pu... more the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its content or use thereof. If trade or manufacturer’s names or products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. 1. Report No. HS DOT 810 927

Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, a... more Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade names, manufacturers’names, or specific products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. 1. Report No. DOT HS 811 507

This project explored human factors issues in the development of Connected Vehicle (CV) driver ve... more This project explored human factors issues in the development of Connected Vehicle (CV) driver vehicle interfaces with an emphasis on maximizing driver comprehension and appropriate responses to warnings. Four distinct research efforts are described in this report. Experiment 1 investigated the perceived urgency of various driving event scenarios in a laboratory setting. The objective of the experiment was to identify the structure of user perceptions of urgency so that CV systems might be made consistent with user expectancies. Results showed that several factors affected participants’ perceptions of perceived urgency, and that ratings of urgency tended to fall into one of three general categories: High threat, caution, and no urgency. Experiment 2 used a series of psychophysical experiments to determine how the manipulation of various alert parameters affects perceived urgency. The experiment also developed and validated a method to determine and compare perceived urgency across v...

This document describes the methods, findings, and recommendations by the University of Minnesota... more This document describes the methods, findings, and recommendations by the University of Minnesota on the practicality and benefits of a system that can provide real-time driver feedback to teen drivers. A prototype Safer Teen Car (STC) system was developed and served as the basis for a field evaluation and as a demonstration unit for stakeholder groups. The STC designed for this project was comprised of a number of interrelated subsystems, including: teen driver identification subsystem; seat belt detection & enhanced reminder subsystem; passenger presence subsystem; speed monitoring & feedback subsystem; excessive maneuver & feedback subsystem; cell phone use detection & mitigation subsystem; and driving context subsystem. The findings generally showed improved safety behavior when the STC system provided feedback. For example, the reduction in the per-mile rate of excessive maneuvers was statistically significant at night, but not during the day. In general, the results indicated ...

OSA Annual Meeting

United States. Department of Transportation. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Nov 1, 2021

AAA Foundation for Traffic Safety., Apr 29, 2019

Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, a... more Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade names, manufacturers'names, or specific products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. i 1. Report No.

Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, a... more Traffic Safety Administration, in the interest of information exchange. The opinions, findings, and conclusions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Department of Transportation or the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. If trade names, manufacturers’names, or specific products are mentioned, it is because they are considered essential to the object of the publication and should not be construed as an endorsement. The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. 1. Report No. DOT HS 811 507