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Books by Jan Musil

Medieval archaeology has acquired large collections of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque glass in r... more Medieval archaeology has acquired large collections of
Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque glass in recent decades.
The assessment of the role of this commodity in the medieval
household has completely changed. In addition to the study
of the distribution and typology of vessels and other objects,
their chronological classification and traces of production
procedures, attention was focused on the use of glass in
individual households of medieval townspeople and the
methods of obtaining it. For the project, where this book
is one of the outputs, places on long-distance roads (Brno,
Chrudim, Wrocław) were chosen, where it was assumed that
glass was also a trade commodity.1)
Rescue archaeological research has been carried out since
the 1980s in Chrudim (East Bohemia). The largest wellstratified
collections of finds were obtained during research
in Filištínská Street (1996–1997) and Hradební Street (2006).
Together, they encompassed seven house plots, i. e. 5 % of
their number in the historic core of the city. They provide a
detailed view of the daily life of a Chrudim burgher in the 13th
to 17th centuries. An important part of the finds, especially
from cesspits, is glass, representing the largest collection
from eastern Bohemia. It provides a suitable opportunity
for comparison with other towns and their glass collections
in addition to witnessing daily life and its transformations
over the course of several centuries. The location of Chrudim
on an important road connecting Bohemia with Moravia
(Trstenická trade route) allowed consideration of a possible
trade in glass and the illumination of contacts with more
distant or closer regions.

Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine weithin sichtbare Dominante des Ostufers des kleinen Nov... more Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine weithin sichtbare Dominante des Ostufers
des kleinen Novohradka-Flusses in der Nähe der Stadt Luže und wird seit
den 1920er Jahren systematisch erforscht. Durch den Verdienst der „Genossenschaft
zur Rettung der Burg Košumberk“ wurden zahlreiche archäologische Funde
gemacht. Eine reguläre archäologische Grabung erfolgte auf der Burg erst in
den 1970er Jahren. Systematisch erkundet wird Luž und ihre Umgebung etwa seit
2000, die Burg selbst seit 2008. Neuere Forschungsarbeiten haben die Verarbeitung
des früher gewonnenen umfangreichen Fundensembles wieder aufgenommen.
Bisher wurden die Metallfunde veröffentlicht (Frolík – Musil 2015). Eine weitere,
wiederum zahlreiche Fundkategorie sind Fragmente von Ofenkacheln. Der Katalog
wird in mehreren Teilen veröffentlicht. Der erste Teil beschrieb 710 Fragmente
(Frolík – Musil 2016), der zweite 959 Fragmente (Frolík – Musil 2020). Durch den
vorliegenden Band steigt die Gesamtzahl der Katalogeinträge auf 3156.

Katalog archeologických nálezů z hradu Košumberka. Středověké a raně novověké sklo. 6. díl, 2022

Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine Dominante am rechten Ufer des kleinen Flusses Novohradk... more Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine Dominante am rechten Ufer des kleinen
Flusses Novohradka in der Nähe der Stadt Luže und wird seit den 1920er Jahren
erforscht. Dank der „Genossenschaft zur Rettung der Burg Košumberk“ wurden
große Mengen archäologischer Funde gerettet. Reguläre archäologische Grabungen
verliefen auf der Burg seit den 1970er Jahren. Systematisch wurde Luže etwa seit
2000 verfolgt, die Burg selbst seit 2008. Neue Grabungen schlossen an die Bemühungen
an, den großen Fundkomplex zu verarbeiten. Veröffentlicht wurde bisher
die Sammlung von Metallgegenständen (Frolík – Musil 2015) sowie der überwiegende
Teil des außerordentlich zahlreichen Kachelfragmente (Frolík – Musil 2016;
Frolík – Musil 2020; Frolík – Musil 2021). Eine weitere Fundgattung bilden Fragmente
mittelalterlichen und frühneuzeitlichen Glases (insgesamt 520 Posten), an
Menge und Formvariabilität handelt es sich um die größte Sammlung von einem
feudalen Sitz aus ganz Ostböhmen.

Archeologie v Železných horách, 2021

Katalog archeologických nálezů z hradu Košumberka. 3. díl: Kamnové kachle. Část druhá, 2020

Archaeological finds from Rabštejnek castle Jan Musil Summary: The Rabštejnek Castle rui... more Archaeological finds from Rabštejnek castle
Jan Musil

Summary:

The Rabštejnek Castle ruins are located directly adjacent to the town of Rabštejn, approximately 6 km southwest of Chrudim, in the cadastral district of the town of Smrkový Týnec. The castle belongs to the eastern Bohemian group of aristocratic castles with square residential towers, the popularity of which peaked around the middle of the 14th century, particularly during the reign of Charles IV. Systematic surface research of the site has been conducted since 2004 in response to reports of the looting of the area by a group of treasure hunters equipped with metal detectors. Secondary deposits of late medieval and Early Modern period ceramics were discovered during the documentation of windthrown trees in the northern foreground of the castle in the spring of 2006.
The ruins of Rabštejnek Castle are situated on a unimposing rock looming over the Markovice Stream approximately 0.5 km west of the town of Rabštejn. The polygonal castle with an apparent bisectional layout is situated on a gradually rising hillside tapering into a short rocky promontory; the Markovice Stream flows by on the western side. The almost rectangular castle foregrounds were surrounded by a shallow moat and a wall. This wall then formed an actual bailey around the polygonal core. The bailey was connected on both sides to the rock in the northwest corner. The actual core of the castle layout is divided into two levels. A four-sided residential tower stood on the rock in the southeast corner; a narrow building was connected to the north side of the tower. Connected to the north side of the castle walls was a semicircular tower that was initially open to the inside. The course of the masonry also documents the existence of some type of structure in the western part of the core, the perimeter walls of which were supported by two massive pillars from the outside. The Aueršpergs built a two-room “palace” with pseudo-Romanesque windows with sgraffito decoration on the site of this building. This building is also a ruin today.
Written sources on the castle and its owners are highly fragmented and reveal little about its building history. The small aristocratic castle built at some point during the first half of the 14th century was first referred to in sources as Rabštejn. Later, still in medieval times, the castle was mentioned in the diminutive form as Rabštejnek, apparently due to its small size. After the demise of the castle, the name Rabštejn was retained by the neighbouring village, which is a direct continuation of the plough-land farmyard in front of the castle. The first person it is possible to connect with the location is the rather mysterious Mathiae de Rabstein, who was first mentioned in 1360. Due to the fact that the name Rabštejn was relatively common in Bohemia and Moravia and that the mention of the name is not specified in greater detail, it is necessary to accept this source with a certain amount of reserve. At the turn of the 15th century, the owner of the domain was Jetřich of Orle, who was connected to the year 1404; this makes him the first reliable holder of Rabštejnek. On 12 October 1404, Jetřich of Orle provided a guarantee for the well-known warrior Ješek of Popovec for his conciliation with Oldřich of Hradec. On the basis of this evidence we can make the same assumption as J. Teplý, i.e. that he was involved in the military entourage of this aristocrat. However, J. Teplý goes even further and, on the basis of an entry in the court records from 1405 develops a hypothesis of Jetřich’s death during the violent demise of the castle. But since the castle was in operation until the 16th century, we aren’t able to concur with this hypothesis. Rabštejnek was reverted to the king by escheat after the death of Jetřich. The domain was taken over by Matěj Holec of Nemošice, despite the opposition of surviving family members. No accounts remain of the fate of the castle during the Hussite Wars; it was evidently paid out or obtained in some other form from Matěj Holec and returned to the Lords of Orle. Aleš of Orle likely sold the castle and the farmyard in 1430 to Hertvík of Ostružno, who in this same year writes of himself as “staying at Rabštejnek”. Nevertheless, this transaction was not entered into the Bohemian land records until 1437, when the owner was listed as Vilém of Ostružno. But Vilém of Ostružno did not own the castle for long and in 1450 sold it to Vaňek of Vlkanov; this was the first time the castle was listed under the name Rabštejnek. A short seven years later the castle was again returned to the king by escheat and Ladislav Pohrobek in turn gave it to Petr Kdulinec of Ostroměř and Vilém of Dřel. The Šárovec´s family of Šárov held the castle from the end of the 15th century; they sold it to the town of Chrudim in 1540. Chrudim did not hold the castle for long; the domain was taken from Chrudim in 1547 as punishment for the town's involvement in the revolt of the estates and again became the property of the king. It was sold in November of the same year and, in the end, was bought by Bohuslav Mazanec of Frymburk in 1575. Rabštejnek was first listed as abandoned in 1585. Starting in 1595, the domain was held by the Karlík family of Nežetice, from whom it was then confiscated for their participation in the revolt of the estates. The domain changed hands frequently after being sold by the king in 1623, and was merged with the Nasavrky domain in the middle of the 18th century. The Princes of Aueršperg obtained the domain from the Counts of Schönfeld at the end of the 18th century. The ruins of the old castle were turned into a Romanticist hunting lodge under Prince František Josef in the second half of the 19th century. Modern building modifications include the vaulting of the entrance and installation of doors, as well as the building of courtyard walls and palace partitions on the west side. In this way the building was divided into two chambers of varying sizes, the larger of which was given two small pseudo-Romanesque windows. The first of these was inserted in the northern wall; the second was located on the north side.
The new windows were likely installed in earlier window openings. the material has a surprising chronological uniformity and dates to the end of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century. As was the case in nearby Chrudim, this site also yielded grey reduction fired goods with wheel-pressed decoration, brownish-red glazed goods of a type similar to those from Husova Street, and ceramics from the North Moravian production area. The composition of ceramic groups in this time period is similar to that found in other parts of the region (Košumberk, Oheb, Žumberk, Nové Hrady, and elsewhere) and will be the focus of future study. We can tentatively assume that there is an overlap of several production centres in the Chrudim area. The presence of goods from the North Moravian and Ledeč production areas are documented in writing. White goods with red painting form a distinctive group that was produced simultaneously at various places in the territory of today’s Czech Republic. With its predominance of reduction fired ceramics, the Chrudim region differs, for example, from Hradec Králové and the Northeast Bohemian territories, where we find a predominance
of oxidation fired light goods. The greater numbers of grey reduction fired ceramics and a wide palette of wheel-pressed decoration make the goods highly similar to those from the South Bohemian and Southwest Moravian areas. We find analogous forms, especially jugs, also in nearby Čáslav. We must also take into account local Chrudim pottery production which, unfortunately, is not documented in writing, save for a few cases. This applies to the type of goods found in Husova Street, at the very least. Perhaps we will have more precise results following the systematic study of late medieval and Early Modern period ceramics, especially after processing the large assemblage from Hradební Street. Additional research will show whether this proves to be true or not.

Book´s chapter by Jan Musil

Středověká nákončí s geometrickou rytou výzdobou z východočeské oblasti, In: Hlobil, I. – Dospěl, M. (eds.): Uprostřed koruny České. Kolektivní monografie NAKI II. Prostějov, 165-172, 2020

Hoch, A. (ed.): Svět středověkých her. Jihlava – Plzeň 2020., 2020

Ebel, P. - Jan, L. - Jurok, J. et al.: Z počátků husitské revoluce, Brno 2019, 64-86., 2019

Jan Frolík - Jan Musil - David Richter - Jan Vojtíšek 2016: Chrudim v době Karla IV. Chrudim.

Papers by Jan Musil

Archaeologia Historica, 2024

During the Pernštejn dynasty era (1491–1560), the East Bohemian city of Pardubice was transformed... more During the Pernštejn dynasty era (1491–1560), the East Bohemian city of Pardubice was transformed into a developed residential town interwoven with a network of artificial canals. The water was used to power numerous technological features (mills, rolling mills, grinding mills, hammer mills, a gunpowder mill, gun barrel casting workshop, etc.). The paper summarizes the current state of archive and archaeological research.

Chrudimské vlastivědné listy, 2023

Ze zahrady u čp. 1 ve Zdislavi (okr. Chrudim, Pardubický kraj) pochází zdobené železné postříbřen... more Ze zahrady u čp. 1 ve Zdislavi (okr. Chrudim, Pardubický kraj) pochází zdobené železné postříbřené nákončí pochvy dýky z konce 13. až první poloviny 14. století.

Medieval archaeology has acquired large collections of Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque glass in r... more Medieval archaeology has acquired large collections of
Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque glass in recent decades.
The assessment of the role of this commodity in the medieval
household has completely changed. In addition to the study
of the distribution and typology of vessels and other objects,
their chronological classification and traces of production
procedures, attention was focused on the use of glass in
individual households of medieval townspeople and the
methods of obtaining it. For the project, where this book
is one of the outputs, places on long-distance roads (Brno,
Chrudim, Wrocław) were chosen, where it was assumed that
glass was also a trade commodity.1)
Rescue archaeological research has been carried out since
the 1980s in Chrudim (East Bohemia). The largest wellstratified
collections of finds were obtained during research
in Filištínská Street (1996–1997) and Hradební Street (2006).
Together, they encompassed seven house plots, i. e. 5 % of
their number in the historic core of the city. They provide a
detailed view of the daily life of a Chrudim burgher in the 13th
to 17th centuries. An important part of the finds, especially
from cesspits, is glass, representing the largest collection
from eastern Bohemia. It provides a suitable opportunity
for comparison with other towns and their glass collections
in addition to witnessing daily life and its transformations
over the course of several centuries. The location of Chrudim
on an important road connecting Bohemia with Moravia
(Trstenická trade route) allowed consideration of a possible
trade in glass and the illumination of contacts with more
distant or closer regions.

Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine weithin sichtbare Dominante des Ostufers des kleinen Nov... more Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine weithin sichtbare Dominante des Ostufers
des kleinen Novohradka-Flusses in der Nähe der Stadt Luže und wird seit
den 1920er Jahren systematisch erforscht. Durch den Verdienst der „Genossenschaft
zur Rettung der Burg Košumberk“ wurden zahlreiche archäologische Funde
gemacht. Eine reguläre archäologische Grabung erfolgte auf der Burg erst in
den 1970er Jahren. Systematisch erkundet wird Luž und ihre Umgebung etwa seit
2000, die Burg selbst seit 2008. Neuere Forschungsarbeiten haben die Verarbeitung
des früher gewonnenen umfangreichen Fundensembles wieder aufgenommen.
Bisher wurden die Metallfunde veröffentlicht (Frolík – Musil 2015). Eine weitere,
wiederum zahlreiche Fundkategorie sind Fragmente von Ofenkacheln. Der Katalog
wird in mehreren Teilen veröffentlicht. Der erste Teil beschrieb 710 Fragmente
(Frolík – Musil 2016), der zweite 959 Fragmente (Frolík – Musil 2020). Durch den
vorliegenden Band steigt die Gesamtzahl der Katalogeinträge auf 3156.

Katalog archeologických nálezů z hradu Košumberka. Středověké a raně novověké sklo. 6. díl, 2022

Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine Dominante am rechten Ufer des kleinen Flusses Novohradk... more Die Ruine der Burg Košumberk bildet eine Dominante am rechten Ufer des kleinen
Flusses Novohradka in der Nähe der Stadt Luže und wird seit den 1920er Jahren
erforscht. Dank der „Genossenschaft zur Rettung der Burg Košumberk“ wurden
große Mengen archäologischer Funde gerettet. Reguläre archäologische Grabungen
verliefen auf der Burg seit den 1970er Jahren. Systematisch wurde Luže etwa seit
2000 verfolgt, die Burg selbst seit 2008. Neue Grabungen schlossen an die Bemühungen
an, den großen Fundkomplex zu verarbeiten. Veröffentlicht wurde bisher
die Sammlung von Metallgegenständen (Frolík – Musil 2015) sowie der überwiegende
Teil des außerordentlich zahlreichen Kachelfragmente (Frolík – Musil 2016;
Frolík – Musil 2020; Frolík – Musil 2021). Eine weitere Fundgattung bilden Fragmente
mittelalterlichen und frühneuzeitlichen Glases (insgesamt 520 Posten), an
Menge und Formvariabilität handelt es sich um die größte Sammlung von einem
feudalen Sitz aus ganz Ostböhmen.

Archeologie v Železných horách, 2021

Katalog archeologických nálezů z hradu Košumberka. 3. díl: Kamnové kachle. Část druhá, 2020

Archaeological finds from Rabštejnek castle Jan Musil Summary: The Rabštejnek Castle rui... more Archaeological finds from Rabštejnek castle
Jan Musil

Summary:

The Rabštejnek Castle ruins are located directly adjacent to the town of Rabštejn, approximately 6 km southwest of Chrudim, in the cadastral district of the town of Smrkový Týnec. The castle belongs to the eastern Bohemian group of aristocratic castles with square residential towers, the popularity of which peaked around the middle of the 14th century, particularly during the reign of Charles IV. Systematic surface research of the site has been conducted since 2004 in response to reports of the looting of the area by a group of treasure hunters equipped with metal detectors. Secondary deposits of late medieval and Early Modern period ceramics were discovered during the documentation of windthrown trees in the northern foreground of the castle in the spring of 2006.
The ruins of Rabštejnek Castle are situated on a unimposing rock looming over the Markovice Stream approximately 0.5 km west of the town of Rabštejn. The polygonal castle with an apparent bisectional layout is situated on a gradually rising hillside tapering into a short rocky promontory; the Markovice Stream flows by on the western side. The almost rectangular castle foregrounds were surrounded by a shallow moat and a wall. This wall then formed an actual bailey around the polygonal core. The bailey was connected on both sides to the rock in the northwest corner. The actual core of the castle layout is divided into two levels. A four-sided residential tower stood on the rock in the southeast corner; a narrow building was connected to the north side of the tower. Connected to the north side of the castle walls was a semicircular tower that was initially open to the inside. The course of the masonry also documents the existence of some type of structure in the western part of the core, the perimeter walls of which were supported by two massive pillars from the outside. The Aueršpergs built a two-room “palace” with pseudo-Romanesque windows with sgraffito decoration on the site of this building. This building is also a ruin today.
Written sources on the castle and its owners are highly fragmented and reveal little about its building history. The small aristocratic castle built at some point during the first half of the 14th century was first referred to in sources as Rabštejn. Later, still in medieval times, the castle was mentioned in the diminutive form as Rabštejnek, apparently due to its small size. After the demise of the castle, the name Rabštejn was retained by the neighbouring village, which is a direct continuation of the plough-land farmyard in front of the castle. The first person it is possible to connect with the location is the rather mysterious Mathiae de Rabstein, who was first mentioned in 1360. Due to the fact that the name Rabštejn was relatively common in Bohemia and Moravia and that the mention of the name is not specified in greater detail, it is necessary to accept this source with a certain amount of reserve. At the turn of the 15th century, the owner of the domain was Jetřich of Orle, who was connected to the year 1404; this makes him the first reliable holder of Rabštejnek. On 12 October 1404, Jetřich of Orle provided a guarantee for the well-known warrior Ješek of Popovec for his conciliation with Oldřich of Hradec. On the basis of this evidence we can make the same assumption as J. Teplý, i.e. that he was involved in the military entourage of this aristocrat. However, J. Teplý goes even further and, on the basis of an entry in the court records from 1405 develops a hypothesis of Jetřich’s death during the violent demise of the castle. But since the castle was in operation until the 16th century, we aren’t able to concur with this hypothesis. Rabštejnek was reverted to the king by escheat after the death of Jetřich. The domain was taken over by Matěj Holec of Nemošice, despite the opposition of surviving family members. No accounts remain of the fate of the castle during the Hussite Wars; it was evidently paid out or obtained in some other form from Matěj Holec and returned to the Lords of Orle. Aleš of Orle likely sold the castle and the farmyard in 1430 to Hertvík of Ostružno, who in this same year writes of himself as “staying at Rabštejnek”. Nevertheless, this transaction was not entered into the Bohemian land records until 1437, when the owner was listed as Vilém of Ostružno. But Vilém of Ostružno did not own the castle for long and in 1450 sold it to Vaňek of Vlkanov; this was the first time the castle was listed under the name Rabštejnek. A short seven years later the castle was again returned to the king by escheat and Ladislav Pohrobek in turn gave it to Petr Kdulinec of Ostroměř and Vilém of Dřel. The Šárovec´s family of Šárov held the castle from the end of the 15th century; they sold it to the town of Chrudim in 1540. Chrudim did not hold the castle for long; the domain was taken from Chrudim in 1547 as punishment for the town's involvement in the revolt of the estates and again became the property of the king. It was sold in November of the same year and, in the end, was bought by Bohuslav Mazanec of Frymburk in 1575. Rabštejnek was first listed as abandoned in 1585. Starting in 1595, the domain was held by the Karlík family of Nežetice, from whom it was then confiscated for their participation in the revolt of the estates. The domain changed hands frequently after being sold by the king in 1623, and was merged with the Nasavrky domain in the middle of the 18th century. The Princes of Aueršperg obtained the domain from the Counts of Schönfeld at the end of the 18th century. The ruins of the old castle were turned into a Romanticist hunting lodge under Prince František Josef in the second half of the 19th century. Modern building modifications include the vaulting of the entrance and installation of doors, as well as the building of courtyard walls and palace partitions on the west side. In this way the building was divided into two chambers of varying sizes, the larger of which was given two small pseudo-Romanesque windows. The first of these was inserted in the northern wall; the second was located on the north side.
The new windows were likely installed in earlier window openings. the material has a surprising chronological uniformity and dates to the end of the 15th century and the first half of the 16th century. As was the case in nearby Chrudim, this site also yielded grey reduction fired goods with wheel-pressed decoration, brownish-red glazed goods of a type similar to those from Husova Street, and ceramics from the North Moravian production area. The composition of ceramic groups in this time period is similar to that found in other parts of the region (Košumberk, Oheb, Žumberk, Nové Hrady, and elsewhere) and will be the focus of future study. We can tentatively assume that there is an overlap of several production centres in the Chrudim area. The presence of goods from the North Moravian and Ledeč production areas are documented in writing. White goods with red painting form a distinctive group that was produced simultaneously at various places in the territory of today’s Czech Republic. With its predominance of reduction fired ceramics, the Chrudim region differs, for example, from Hradec Králové and the Northeast Bohemian territories, where we find a predominance
of oxidation fired light goods. The greater numbers of grey reduction fired ceramics and a wide palette of wheel-pressed decoration make the goods highly similar to those from the South Bohemian and Southwest Moravian areas. We find analogous forms, especially jugs, also in nearby Čáslav. We must also take into account local Chrudim pottery production which, unfortunately, is not documented in writing, save for a few cases. This applies to the type of goods found in Husova Street, at the very least. Perhaps we will have more precise results following the systematic study of late medieval and Early Modern period ceramics, especially after processing the large assemblage from Hradební Street. Additional research will show whether this proves to be true or not.

Středověká nákončí s geometrickou rytou výzdobou z východočeské oblasti, In: Hlobil, I. – Dospěl, M. (eds.): Uprostřed koruny České. Kolektivní monografie NAKI II. Prostějov, 165-172, 2020

Hoch, A. (ed.): Svět středověkých her. Jihlava – Plzeň 2020., 2020

Ebel, P. - Jan, L. - Jurok, J. et al.: Z počátků husitské revoluce, Brno 2019, 64-86., 2019

Jan Frolík - Jan Musil - David Richter - Jan Vojtíšek 2016: Chrudim v době Karla IV. Chrudim.

Archaeologia Historica, 2024

During the Pernštejn dynasty era (1491–1560), the East Bohemian city of Pardubice was transformed... more During the Pernštejn dynasty era (1491–1560), the East Bohemian city of Pardubice was transformed into a developed residential town interwoven with a network of artificial canals. The water was used to power numerous technological features (mills, rolling mills, grinding mills, hammer mills, a gunpowder mill, gun barrel casting workshop, etc.). The paper summarizes the current state of archive and archaeological research.

Chrudimské vlastivědné listy, 2023

Ze zahrady u čp. 1 ve Zdislavi (okr. Chrudim, Pardubický kraj) pochází zdobené železné postříbřen... more Ze zahrady u čp. 1 ve Zdislavi (okr. Chrudim, Pardubický kraj) pochází zdobené železné postříbřené nákončí pochvy dýky z konce 13. až první poloviny 14. století.

Archaeology of Conflict, 2023

The predominantly wooded landscape of the Iron Mountains and their foothills enabled to conserve ... more The predominantly wooded landscape of the Iron Mountains and their foothills enabled to conserve
terrain relics of human activity from prehistory to recent times, which are also studied by conflict archaeology.
In the earliest period, we follow up the occurrence of fortified sites (hill forts, castles and fortified manor
houses) and the decline of rural settlement due to military operations. An exceptional position is occupied by
the Lichnice Castle with preserved relics of siege works. Also important are a modern field fortification from
the time of the War of the Bavarian Succession, Imperial and Royal shooting ranges, partisan dugouts from
the period of World War II, defensive fighting positions from the August 1968 invasion, and protected
emplacements for rocket forces from the Cold War period.

Europa Postmedievalis , 2023

Východočeský sborník historický, 2023

The archeological collection of the East Bohemia Museum in Pardubice includes a small set of pott... more The archeological collection of the East Bohemia Museum in Pardubice includes a small set of pottery items (Fig. 1–2) found at the site of an early
medieval settlement on the right bank of the Labe River in what is now Pardubice’s Cihelna district. The pottery was discovered in 1927 by two local teachers, Stanislav Zelenka and Václav Hroch. Unfortunately, however, the scant information about the discovery site given in the accessions catalogue does not make it possible to identify the precise location of this settlement. One very probable candidate is the site of the former Kašpar brickworks, though this cannot be definitively confirmed on the basis of available information (cf. Fig. 3–4). The site has been substantially altered by later interventions which make it practically impossible to conduct a new archeological survey to review the original survey. Previous scholarly literature has dated the items found at the site to the middle hill fort period. However, the backward shift in the dating of the so called Klučov horizon makes it necessary to review this dating. Based on the simple profile, the techniques used to make and ornament the pottery, together with the occurrence of very well-fired ornamented thin-walled pottery in darker shades, we have now dated the items from the Pardubice-Cihelna site to the early hill fort period. In our opinion, the settlement at Pardubice-Cihelna formed part of a set of old hill fort period settlements stretching southwards from the current location of Hradec Králové along both banks of the Labe (cf. Fig. 5).

Chrudimské vlastivědné listy , 2023

Archeologie východních Čech, 2022

In 2010, a small assemblage of earthenware stove tiles dating from the late 15th-16th centuries w... more In 2010, a small assemblage of earthenware stove tiles dating from the late 15th-16th centuries was discovered in a trench for electric cables next to house no. 108/III in Koželužská Street in Chrudim. It must have been deposited in the period following the “Thirty Years› War. The assemblage also contains a so far unknown heraldic depiction of the House of Münsterberg. It also seems to prove that suburban houses were similarly furnished as those in town centres in the period of the late 15th-16th centuries.

Studia archaeologica Brunensia, 2022

During a preventive detector survey in 2021, an iron decorated axe (Figs. 2–4) was found in the c... more During a preventive detector survey in 2021, an iron decorated axe (Figs. 2–4) was found in the cadastral district of Staré Jesenčany village (Pardubice District, Pardubice Region – Fig. 1) without any obvious connection to a settlement or road network. Based on the testimony of archaeological and iconographic sources, the axe found can be dated to the end of the 15th, but rather to the course of the 16th century.

Archeologie východních Čech, 2022

In 1922–1924 the ruin of Košumberk Castle (Chrudim District) was affected by renovation works car... more In 1922–1924 the ruin of Košumberk Castle (Chrudim District) was affected by renovation works carried out by the Cooperative for the Rescue of Košumberk Castle. During the removal of debris from the castle grounds, a huge assemblage of non-stratified archaeological finds was recovered which illustrates the life of inhabitants of the castle hill from the Late Hillfort period to the 17th century. The contribution tries to evaluate a part of this assemblage originating from the grounds of the so-called old castle.

Chrudimský vlastivědný sborník, 2022

Archeologické rozhledy, 2022

Skleněné číše s choboty, prakticky nepoužitelné, tvoří nečetnou skupinu mezi nálezy skla ve střed... more Skleněné číše s choboty, prakticky nepoužitelné, tvoří nečetnou skupinu mezi nálezy skla ve střední Evropě 15.-17. století. Tento příspěvek je věnován zejména novým nálezům ze sídlištních lokalit v České republice. Analýza chemického složení skel číší s choboty ukazuje na shodu některých exemplářů se složením skla vyráběného v českých sklárnách, složení skla dalších číší odpovídá okruhu skláren v Tyrolsku nebo sever ních Alpách a produkci skláren v západní části Německa. sklo-číše s choboty-středověk-renesance-střední Evropa-technologie-kuriozity Glass claw beakers, practically unusable vessels, make up a small group among glass finds in central Europe in the 15 th-17 th century. This article deals mainly with new finds from settlement sites in the Czech Republic. An analysis of the chemical composition of the glasses of claw beakers reveals that some speci mens have the same composition of glass produced in Bohemian glassworks, while the composition of the glass of other beakers corresponds to glassworks in Tyrol or the northern Alps and the production of glass works in the western part of Germany.

Archaeologia historica, 2022

A modest dwelling or a richly equipped household? Development of house no. 39/I in Chrudim, Filiš... more A modest dwelling or a richly equipped household? Development of house no. 39/I in Chrudim, Filištínská
Street
Abstract: Archaeological research in Filištínská Street, Chrudim primarily investigated the yards behind
the individual houses. It only involved a house area in the case of no. 39/I with Gothic origins. The building
development of the house was reconstructed, from a timber-framed structure with a cellar to a stone
construction in the late 14th century with at least two subsequent modifications. The content of refuse pits
indicates a well-equipped household as early as the 14th century, with a peak in the first half of the 17th
century. The finds suggest that in the 14th century the property was occupied by a shoemaker.

Výzkumy v Čechách 2021, 2022

Výzkumy v Čechách 2021, 2022

Výzkumy v Čechách 2021, 2022

Archaeologia Historica, 2022

Archaeological research in Filištínská Street, Chrudim primarily investigated the yards behind t... more Archaeological research in Filištínská Street, Chrudim primarily investigated the yards behind
the individual houses. It only involved a house area in the case of no. 39/I with Gothic origins. The building
development of the house was reconstructed, from a timber-framed structure with a cellar to a stone
construction in the late 14th century with at least two subsequent modifications. The content of refuse pits
indicates a well-equipped household as early as the 14th century, with a peak in the first half of the 17th
century. The finds suggest that in the 14th century the property was occupied by a shoemaker.

Archeologie východních Čech, 2022

In 2020, during a preventive rescue metal detector survey, a narrow iron axe belonging to Poulík’... more In 2020, during a preventive rescue metal detector survey, a narrow iron axe belonging to Poulík’s second type was found in a wood not far from the village of Smrček (Chrudim District, Pardubice Region). These axes are dateable to the second half of the 8th to the second third of the 9th centuries, with a possible overlap into the first half of the 10th century. Judging from the spatial distribution of known situations dateable to the Middle Hillfort period, it is apparent that this is an isolated find without any links to the contemporaneous settlement network.

Archaeologia Historica, 2021

In 2006, some of the most extensive rescue archaeological excavations were carried out in the urb... more In 2006, some of the most extensive rescue archaeological excavations were carried out in the urban core of the former royal dowry town of Chrudim. The research covered the area of three plots – defunct houses nos. 14/I and 15/I and a part of the yard and garden behind house no. 10/I. During the research on plot no. 10/I, a medieval refuse pit was discovered and examined in detail. It yielded a large collection of finds spanning the period from the end of the 14th century until the mid-17th century, providing a detailed insight into the household of a Chrudim burgher of this period.

Archaeologia Historica, 2023

Thanks to the systematic archaeological research in the centre and suburbs of the former royal do... more Thanks to the systematic archaeological research in the centre and suburbs of the former royal dowry town of Chrudim, it is possible to address a wide spectrum of questions concerning everyday life in a medieval and early modern age town. A special circle of issues concerns the sanitary conditions in Chrudim and its suburbs (water management, waste disposal, health of the population, etc.). These questions are
answered by comparing historical and archaeological sources, combined with findings of natural sciences.

Extensive archaeological research including several environmental analyses was carried out in the... more Extensive archaeological research including several environmental analyses was carried out in the historic centre of chrudim in 2006. this article presents the results of the paleoparasitological investigation, which provided evidence of the level of hygiene and infestation of medieval and early
modern populations (14th to 18th centuries). organic settlements at the bottom of sewage dumps were especially rich sources of information on parasitic infestation. Five species of intestinal worms were identified with certainty: Trichuris trichiura, Ascaris lumbricoides, Toxocara canis/cati, Diphyllobothrium latum and Fasciola hepatica, and three others are considered likely: Hymenolepis nana, Enterobius vermicularis and Ancylostoma duodenale. testing for the antigen gsa 65, evidence of Giardia lamblia, yielded positive results. The findings of the parasitological examination are evaluated in connection with the occurrence of parasites in humans, food quality and other health
determinants of medieval populations.