Javed Iqbal - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Javed Iqbal

Archives Animal Breeding, 2008

To study the environmental and genetic factors affecting productive and reproductive traits, data... more To study the environmental and genetic factors affecting productive and reproductive traits, data on 5,897 cows from five main recorded herds (for 1964-2004) of Sahiwal cattle in Pakistan were used. A general linear model was applied on the data. The 305-day milk yield, total milk yield, lactation length, age at first calving, dry period, calving interval and service period averaged 1

THE LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, 2005

The development of financial equilibrium asset pricing models has been the most important area of... more The development of financial equilibrium asset pricing models has been the most important area of research in modern financial theory. These models are extensively tested for developed markets. This paper examines the validity of the Arbitrage Pricing Theory (APT) model on returns from 24 actively trading stocks in Karachi Stock Exchange using monthly data from January 1997 to December 2003. Explanatory factor analysis approach indicates two factors governing stock return. Pre-specified macro economic approach identifies these two factors as the anticipated and unanticipated inflation and market index and dividend yield. Some evidence of instability is found. The overall finding of two significant priced factors at least for a sub period supports APT for an emerging capital market.

ChemInform, 2005

A mild and efficient one-pot method for the synthesis of vinylogous carbamates is reported starti... more A mild and efficient one-pot method for the synthesis of vinylogous carbamates is reported starting from alkyl azides under a hydrogen atmosphere using 10% Pd/C. The resulting products are useful intermediates for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds, natural products, and in peptidomimetics.

Soil Science Society of America Journal, 2014

All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or b... more All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher. Denitrification and Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Annual Croplands, Perennial Grass Buffers, and Restored Perennial Grasslands Soil & Water Management & Conservation Inclusion of perennial vegetation filter strips (PFSs) in the toeslope of annual cropland watersheds can decrease NO 3 −-N losses to ground and surface waters. Although PFSs are similar to riparian buffers, the processes responsible for NO 3 −-N removal from PFSs are not well understood. Our objectives were to (i) determine the importance of denitrification as a sink for NO 3 −-N loss from PFSs and (ii) evaluate how PFSs alter the biophysical processes that affect the relative importance of N 2 O and N 2 emissions. To address our objectives, we used a coupled field laboratory approach with experimental watersheds that included the following treatments: (i) PFSs covering the bottom 10% of the watershed and an annual corn-soybean crop rotation covering the remaining upslope 90% (PFS); (ii) 100% corn-soybean rotation (CORN); and (iii) 19-yr-old 100% restored native grassland (RNG). In situ N 2 O flux rates and laboratory N 2 O/(N 2 + N 2 O) ratios were highest in CORN watersheds followed by PFS and RNG watersheds. In contrast, potentially mineralizable C and denitrification enzyme activity (DEA) were highest in PFS and RNG watersheds and lowest in CORN watersheds. Furthermore, there was a negative correlation between N 2 O/(N 2 + N 2 O) ratio and DEA. In the laboratory, N 2 fluxes were highest in PFS followed by RNG and CORN. These results indicate that PFS watersheds support greater total denitrification while emitting less N 2 O than croplands. Greater potentially mineralizable C in PFS and RNG suggest C availability is an important factor affecting more complete denitrification. These results suggest PFSs function similar to riparian buffers and have potential to reduce NO 3 −-N losses from annual croplands by denitrification to N 2 .

ChemInform, 2007

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was e... more ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 200 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract, please click on HTML or PDF.

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL RESEEARCH, 2012

The current status of the carrot cultivation in the Punjab Province of Pakistan was investigated ... more The current status of the carrot cultivation in the Punjab Province of Pakistan was investigated to comprehend the potential of this crop, as this crop is gaining popularity among the local farmers. This model survey was a step forward to reduce poverty and unemployment in the rural areas by engaging the youth in vegetable production for export. Generally, it was observed that farmers were not using the standard procedures for carrot cultivation, mainly because of the lack of capital and up-to-date information on carrot production technology. It was observed that the carrot industry has a potential role in achieving the aforementioned targets. It was concluded that the government and private agencies should work together to achieve the goals for the betterment of the local community, and this could be a role model for other developing nations as well. Processing industry should be established in the major carrot production sites that will enhance the profitability of the crop to benefit the farmers while, on the other hand, it will generate employment opportunities for the local community and contribute significantly to the balanced diet of the local people to improve their health.

Introduction: Colour discrimination privileges light-skinned people over dark in areas such as in... more Introduction: Colour discrimination privileges light-skinned people over dark in areas such as income, level of confidence, education, housing and the marriage market.

Tetrahedron Letters, 2005

Tetrahedron Letters, 2009

A mild and versatile method has been developed for the chemoselective N-tert-butoxycarbonylation ... more A mild and versatile method has been developed for the chemoselective N-tert-butoxycarbonylation of amines in the presence of Amberlyst-15 under solvent-free condition. The method is general for the preparation of N-Boc derivatives of aliphatic (acyclic and cyclic) and aromatic amines.

Tetrahedron Letters, 2006

The classical Ritter reaction on c-hydroxy-a,b-alkynoic esters produced c-N-acylamino-b-keto este... more The classical Ritter reaction on c-hydroxy-a,b-alkynoic esters produced c-N-acylamino-b-keto esters or ethyl 5-oxazoleacetates using alkyl or aryl nitriles, respectively. The c-N-acylamino-b-keto esters resulting from alkyl nitriles are useful intermediates in the synthesis of a variety of building blocks. We also show that these can be converted into ethyl 5-oxazoleacetates using an additional step involving POCl 3 .

Synthetic Communications, 1990

SUMMARY: A variety of a-allyl-%-ketoesters (1) con-taining two different double bonds, undergo hi... more SUMMARY: A variety of a-allyl-%-ketoesters (1) con-taining two different double bonds, undergo highly regioselective iodoenoletherification to give the titled compound (2) in excellent yields. ... In a study directed towards the synthesis of fused ... (4) annulated to rings of ...

Química Nova, 2007

Sweet, sour and bitter tasting fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants are an important component... more Sweet, sour and bitter tasting fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants are an important component of human diet. The role of chromium and zinc in carbohydrate metabolism for control of diabetes is highlighted in selected commodities. Average levels of chromium and zinc in sweet taste were 0.69 ± 0.48 mg kg-1 and 4.81 ± 4.31 mg kg-1 respectively with correlation of 0.545, while in sour taste the values were 22.5 ± 22.0 mg kg-1 and 24.5 ± 11.8 mg kg-1 respectively with the correlation of 0.239 and in bitter taste, 0.61 ± 0.33 mg kg-1 and 4.70 ± 3.54 mg kg-1 respectively with correlation of 0.343. Overall, sour tasting commodities were found higher in levels of chromium and zinc and are recommended as food supplement for diabeties. None of these species contain metals above the toxic level.

Planta, 1977

The vegetative prothalli (1-3 weeks old) of Anemia were incubated for 24 h in [(14)C]adenine. The... more The vegetative prothalli (1-3 weeks old) of Anemia were incubated for 24 h in [(14)C]adenine. The RNA was phenol extracted from whole cells and the poly (A) sequences were isolated by nuclease digestion followed by poly (U)-sepharose chromatography. About 2-3% of the total radioactivity was retained on the column. The base composition of the nuclease resistant RNA was: C, 1.4; G, 3.6; A, 93.3; and U, 1.7. It is concluded that Anemia RNA contains poly adenylate sequences.

Forest Ecology and Management, 2011

Hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.)) is an economically damaging defoliator ... more Hemlock looper (Lambdina fiscellaria fiscellaria (Guen.)) is an economically damaging defoliator that undergoes periodic outbreaks in Newfoundland, Canada. It defoliates and causes extensive tree mortality to its primary host, balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill.). We quantified tree survival using data from permanent sample plots (PSPs) and growth reduction or release using dendrochronology, and related these impacts to defoliation severity determined from annual aerial defoliation survey data. Such impact relationships are necessary as a fundamental input to a Decision Support System. Growth and survival of balsam fir, black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) and white birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) were assessed from 1996 to 2008 in 48 Newfoundland Forest Service PSPs, selected based on four classes of defoliation severity. Two years of severe (71-100%) defoliation resulted in almost complete mortality for balsam fir, 10 years after defoliation, whereas survival was 70-80% for black spruce and white birch. Lower defoliation severity (1-2 years of moderate (31-70%) or 1 year of severe) resulted in approximately 60% survival for balsam fir and no reduction in survival for black spruce and white birch. Maximum growth reduction of balsam fir was 10-15% with 1 year of moderate-severe defoliation, 35-40% with 2 years of moderate defoliation, and about 50% with 2 years of severe defoliation. Growth recovered to predefoliation rates 5 years after defoliation ceased in all severity classes. Growth reduction and recovery of black spruce were more variable and lower than for balsam fir, and white birch exhibited only minor (<10%) growth reduction during the defoliation year or 1 year after defoliation. Control measures should focus on avoiding severe defoliation for two consecutive years.

EPL (Europhysics Letters), 2009

ABSTRACT This letter reports on the Raman, optical and magnetic properties of FeNi co-doped ZnO n... more ABSTRACT This letter reports on the Raman, optical and magnetic properties of FeNi co-doped ZnO nanowires prepared via a soft chemical solution method. The microstructural investigations show that the NiFe co-dopants are substituted into wurtzite ZnO nanostructure without forming any secondary phase. The co-doped nanowires show a remarkable reduction of 34 nm (267.9 meV) in the optical band gap, while suppression in the deep-level defect transition in visible luminescence. Furthermore, these nanowires exhibit ferromagnetism and an interesting low-temperature spin glass behavior, which may arise due to the presence of disorder and strong interactions of frustrated spin moments of Ni and Fe co-dopants on the ZnO lattice sites.

Environmental and Experimental Botany, 1981

IQBAL J. Effects of acute gamma irradiation, developmental stages and cultivar differences on gro... more IQBAL J. Effects of acute gamma irradiation, developmental stages and cultivar differences on growth and yield of wheat and sorchum plants. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 20~ 219 232, 1980.-Three cultivars of Triticum aestivum (Yecora, Chenab-70, and Pari) and of Sorghum vulgate (Pq. 7. dwarf, Ks. 12. medium dwarf, and Ts. 100. tall) were exposed to acute gamma rays (6°Co) at three developmental stages, i.e. l-leaf, ear emergence, and anthesis. Exposures ranged from 0.5-7 krad for wheat and 1-10 krad for sorghum. In wheat plants exposures of 0.5 and 1.25 krad had in general a stimulatory effect on height, tillering, ear number and grain yield per plant at the l-leaf stage, but an adverse effect on the above characters at the ear emergence and anthesis stages of development. Among the three cultivars, Yecora and Pari were the most radiosensitive (LDlo o 2.5 krad) and Chenab-70 the most radioresistant (LD100-5krad). The three cultivars also differed in their ontogenetic sensitivity. In sorghum, cultivar Ts. 100. tall showed a large reduction in mean seedling height, tillering and ear number per plant at all exposures at the three stages of irradiation. A large reduction in seed set was found in Pq. 7. dwarf and Ks. 12. medium dwarf. Cultivar Pq. 7. dwarf was tbund to be the most radiosensitive for yield reduction (YD).

Crystal Growth & Design, 2009

P2-P9 Experimental and simulated XRPD patterns of the crystals P10 Fluorescence variation of the ... more P2-P9 Experimental and simulated XRPD patterns of the crystals P10 Fluorescence variation of the crystals under UV irradiation P11-P12 DSC thermograms of the crystals P13 Crystallographic data for the crystals P14-P18 Crystal 1a C(1)-C(15) 1.486(2) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 120.76(14) C(18)-C(19) 1.505(2) N(1)-C(18)-C(19) 112.71(14) C(18)-N(1) 1.454(2) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 119.01(15) Crystal 1b C(1)-C(15) 1.480(2) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 121.50(14) C(18)-C(19) 1.497(3) N(1)-C(18)-C(19) 114.28(15) C(18)-N(1) 1.447(2) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 120.04(15) Crystal 2a C(1)-C(15) 1.489(4) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 121.0(3) C(18)-C(19) 1.486(5) N(1)-C(18)-C(19) 113.1(3) C(18)-N(1) 1.443(4) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 118.6(3) C(22)-C(25) 1.492(6) N(4)-C(25)-C(22) 113.0(3) C(25)-N(4) 1.462(5) C(28)-N(4)-C(25) 128.6(3) C(28)-C(29) 1.466(5) N(4)-C(28)-C(29) 122.0(3) Crystal 2b C(1)-C(15) 1.486(2) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 122.29(17) C(18)-C(19) 1.504(3) N(1)-C(18)-C(19) 112.50(17) C(18)-N(1) 1.444(3) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 119.58(19) C(22)-C(25) 1.500(3) N(4)-C(25)-C(22) 111.85(19) C(25)-N(4) 1.461(3) C(28)-N(4)-C(25) 127.9(2) C(28)-C(29) 1.468(3) N(4)-C(28)-C(29) 122.4(2) Table S3. Selected Bond Lengths (Å) and Angles (deg) for Compounds 1 and 2 Crystal 3a C(1)-C(15) 1.4846(18) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 120.25(12) C(18)-N(1) 1.4190(16) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 119.68(10) N(1)-N(2) 1.3652(15) C(15)-N(2)-N(1) 104.74(11) Crystal 4a C(1)-C(15) 1.487(4) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 121.0(2) C(18)-N(1) 1.419(3) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 120.1(2) C(21)-N(4) 1.420(3) C(15)-N(2)-N(1) 104.4(2) C(26)-C(27) 1.477(4) N(4)-C(26)-C(27) 125.6(2) N(1)-N(2) 1.363(3) C(26)-N(4)-C(21) 130.1(2) N(3)-N(4) 1.370(3) N(3)-N(4)-C(26) 111.5(2) Crystal 4b C(1)-C(15) 1.484(4) N(2)-C(15)-C(1) 120.6(2) C(18)-N(1) 1.421(3) N(2)-N(1)-C(18) 119.86(19)

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 2001

SUMMARY1. Leptin is secreted by fat and acts on the brain.2. Central infusion of leptin reduces f... more SUMMARY1. Leptin is secreted by fat and acts on the brain.2. Central infusion of leptin reduces food intake but does not alter endocrine secretions in normally fed sheep.3. Leptin treatment can correct for altered hormonal secretion in fasted animals.4. Alterations in bodyweight (leptin status) affect the expression of a number of genes in the hypothalamus that are involved in the regulation of food intake and neuroendocrine function.5. Leptin receptors are found in both the hypothalamus and pituitary and direct action of leptin can be demonstrated on the somatotrophs in the pituitary.

Brain Research, 2000

Reduction in the adiposity or dietary restriction increases plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrat... more Reduction in the adiposity or dietary restriction increases plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrations, and in sheep this appears to be due, at least in part, to a reduction in the concentrations of somatostatin (SRIF) in hypophyseal portal blood. Leptin is a hormone secreted by the adipocytes and it is possible that the effects of altered adiposity or fasting on GH secretion could be due to regulation of SRIF neurons by leptin. To ascertain the extent to which leptin may act on these neurons, we have used immunohistochemistry to examine co-localization of long-form of the leptin receptor (OB-Rb) and SRIF in the sheep hypothalamus. In the hypothalamic periventricular area (PeriV), 44.5610% of SRIF cells were found to co-stain for OB-Rb. In the dorsomedial hypothalamic, ventromedial hypothalamic and arcuate nuclei, 100% of SRIF immunoreactive neurons expressed OB-Rb. These findings provide a basis for the direct action of leptin on SRIF neurons. Thus, it is possible that leptin stimulates the secretion of SRIF in relatively obese individuals. The significance of the lower number of SRIF cells in the PeriV co-localizing OB-Rb expression is not clear at present.