Javier Ekboir - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Javier Ekboir

An??lisis del sistema paname??o de investigaci??n agropecuaria

CIMMYT eBooks, 2003

There are many definitions, philosophies, and approaches to agricultural extension or advisory se... more There are many definitions, philosophies, and approaches to agricultural extension or advisory services, and views have changed over time. While extension traditionally implied training and dissemination of messages about specific technologies, more recently it has expanded to include assisting farmers to form groups, dealing with marketing of agricultural products, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2006

Humanizing technology development in the green revolution's home

CABI Publishing eBooks, 2005

This chapter describes the history, current focus, and outlook of social science research at the ... more This chapter describes the history, current focus, and outlook of social science research at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). It is shown that the social science research agenda at CIMMYT has expanded from a narrow focus on technology adoption to encompass technology design and evaluation, technology targeting, adoption and impact assessment, research priority setting and many other issues. While much of the Economics Programme's work is grounded in traditional economic analysis, a considerable amount has been based on methods drawn from social sciences other than economics, including anthropology, human ecology, and political science. Three lessons are drawn from this brief review of social science research at CIMMYT: (1) successful technology development requires participation by social scientists, because they deal with human perceptions and behaviour that must be understood if technology development efforts are to be effective; (2) social science research cannot be conducted in isolation, separate from research done by biological and physical scientists; and (3) close collaboration between all branches of the social sciences helps define more comprehensive and relevant messages, increasing their usefulness to plant scientists and to crop and resource management specialists.

This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research pr... more This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research productivity in fields related to agriculture. Using original data and econometric analysis, our findings show a positive and significant relationship between commercial linkages and research productivity, when this is defined as publications in ISI journals. This evidence seems contrary to other contributions that argue that strong ties with the business sector reduce research productivity and distort the original purposes of university, i.e., conducting basic research and preparing highly-trained professionals. When research productivity is defined more broadly adding other types of research outputs, the relationship is also positive and significant confirming the argument that close ties between public research institutions and businesses foster the emergence of new ideas that can be translated into innovations with commercial and/or social value.

Modern marketing chains can heavily influence rural employment, poverty, and asset ownership, esp... more Modern marketing chains can heavily influence rural employment, poverty, and asset ownership, especially the concentration of land, physical assets, credit, and social capital in the hands of farmers with access to those chains. Only farmers with strong capabilities for innovation can survive in these highly competitive marketing chains, in which a dominant actor close to consumers (usually a supermarket or broker) organizes many producers and intermediaries and coordinates their interactions. The private sector or nongovernmental organi zations (NGOs) will lead the development of modern marketing chains, but the public sector should play an important supporting role by improving infrastructure, facilitating access to input markets and financial services, modernizing traditional wholesale markets and linking them with modern marketing chains, improving rural education, and supporting extension and advisory services. Project managers, field staff, donors, and policy makers require so...

New Approaches for Banana Xanthomonas Wilt ( BXW ) Disease Management in South Kivu , DR Congo

Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a devastating bacterial disease causing large yield losses in Ce... more Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a devastating bacterial disease causing large yield losses in Central and East Africa. The recommended control approach involves the uprooting of diseased ‘mats’, which is highly labour intensive. Disease avoidance is possible with an additional set of practices, including tool disinfection, early male bud removal, stopping all leaf cutting, and barring browsing animals. Single diseased stem removal (SDSR) has been proposed as a reduced labour alternative to complete mat uprooting, and was validated in agronomic trials in South Kivu in 2014. When complemented by the disease avoidance measures, SDSR has been shown to reduce BXW incidence to less than 2 % within 3 months. A transdisciplinary research project was established in South Kivu, DR Congo, in early 2014, with the objective of developing new recommendations for the application of SDSR that take into account the needs, constraints and possibilities of different types of farmers. On farm-research...

The recent spike in the prices of agricultural commodities highlighted the important and multiple... more The recent spike in the prices of agricultural commodities highlighted the important and multiple roles that agriculture still plays in the global economy: source of raw materials, generation of biofuels, a major component of consumption baskets (especially of poor households), an income source for the rural poor, a major influence in climate change and a source of migrants. The dynamics of the agricultural sector have changed in the last three decades in response to globalization, technical change, migration and environmental concerns. Globalization opened new agricultural markets (especially for high value products) and facilitated international exchanges of technical information. The rapid expansion of high value agriculture has sparked a debate on which are the most effective strategies to alleviate poverty and what role should innovation and scientific policies play in these strategies. On the one hand, rapid growth has been found to be the most effective way to reduce poverty. According to this reasoning, agricultural policies should prioritize the expansion of commercial agriculture over support for staple production. On the other hand, increasing production of the agricultural products most important for the poor can reduce food insecurity and trigger local innovation processes that expand local markets and, eventually, integrate into national or international markets.

European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2017

Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, the causal agent of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW), does ... more Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, the causal agent of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW), does not infect or cause symptom development in all physically attached shoots in an infected mat. Incomplete/partial systemicity and latent infections often occur. The single diseased stem removal (SDSR, the removal of only symptomatic plants) technique depends on these observations. The SDSR technique, as an alternative or complementary practice to complete mat uprooting (CMU) for XW control, was evaluated at eight XW pilot sites in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo as a novel control option. This technique is low-cost, simple and easily applicable. Within one month, XW plant incidence at the experimental sites declined to below 10%, while within three and 10 months declined to below 2% and 1%, respectively. Restoration of banana plots was observed even in plots that initially had over 80% plant disease incidence. CMU removes a larger portion of the inoculum in a field but is very tedious, time consuming and costly in terms of labour and lost production, due to the premature cutting of symptomless plants that potentially could bear a bunch. CMU can potentially prevent further spread when XW appears for the first time on a farm or location. The choice of CMU relative to SDSR also depends largely on farming objectives. CMU can be carried out in intensive and market-oriented production systems, whose ultimate target is eradication, for example, in SouthWestern Uganda. In contrast, SDSR is more appealing to subsistence-oriented production, such as in eastern DR Congo, Burundi or central Uganda, whose target is more oriented towards management/control. SDSR can be suggested where access to clean planting material is difficult, thus could be recommended to a very large percentage of small-scale farmers in the currently affected banana-based production systems in east and central Africa.

Latino Performance in Rural Public Schools: Grades 3,6,12

Hispanic Behavioral Science, 1995

Agribusiness, 2002

Argentina and Uruguay eradicated foot and mouth disease~FMD! in 2000 and 1995, and subsequently g... more Argentina and Uruguay eradicated foot and mouth disease~FMD! in 2000 and 1995, and subsequently gained greater access to FMD-free markets+ Although both South American countries suffered from the reintroduction of FMD in late 2000, and had to temporarily cease exports to FMD-free markets, they are expected to eradicate FMD again and will continue to increase exports to FMD-free markets+ This article analyzes the changes in international beef trade and, especially, in beef prices that are expected+ We use a simulation model that captures the effects of market segmentation due to the FMD status and of the trade policies of exporting and importing countries+ The ongoing realignment of trade flows has potential to significantly affect prices in both the FMDfree and the FMD-endemic segments of the world beef market+ We demonstrate how growing beef exports from South America to FMD-free markets interact with other ongoing changes in international beef markets+ © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc+ @EconLit citations: Q110: Agriculture, Aggregate Supply and Demand; Q170: Agriculture, International Trade# 1 Several FMD outbreaks occurred in Argentina and Uruguay during late 2000 and early 2001, resulting from animals smuggled from Paraguay+ Vaccination was reintroduced, and the two countries will need to regain their FMD free status through a process that may last several years+

This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research pr... more This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research productivity in fields related to agriculture. Using original data and econometric analysis, our findings show a positive and significant relationship between intensive linkages with a small number of commercial farmers and research productivity, when this is defined as publications in ISI journals. This evidence seems contrary to other contributions that argue that strong ties with the business sector reduce research productivity and distort the original purposes of university, i.e., conducting basic research and preparing highly-trained professionals. When research productivity is defined more broadly adding other types of research outputs, the relationship is also positive and significant confirming the argument that close ties between public research institutions and businesses foster the emergence of new ideas that can be translated into innovations with commercial and/or social value. Another important finding is that researchers in public institutions produce several types of research outputs; therefore, measuring research productivity only by published ISI papers misses important dimensions of research activities.

The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI ® ) was established in 1975 to identify a... more The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI ® ) was established in 1975 to identify and analyze alternative national and international strategies and policies for meeting food needs of the developing world on a sustainable basis, with particular emphasis on low-income countries and on the poorer groups in those countries. While the research effort is geared to the precise objective of contributing to the reduction of hunger and malnutrition, the factors involved are many and wide-ranging, requiring analysis of underlying processes and extending beyond a narrowly defined food sector. The Institute's research program reflects worldwide collaboration with governments and private and public institutions interested in increasing food production and improving the equity of its distribution. Research results are disseminated to policymakers, opinion formers, administrators, policy analysts, researchers, and others concerned with national and international food and agricultural policy. IFPRI Research Reports are well-focused, policy-relevant monographs based on original and innovative research conducted at IFPRI. All manuscripts submitted for publication as IFPRI Research Reports undergo extensive external and internal reviews. Prior to submission to the Publications Review Committee, each manuscript is circulated informally among the author's colleagues. Upon submission to the Committee, the manuscript is reviewed by an IFPRI reviewer and presented in a formal seminar. Three additional reviewers-at least two external to IFPRI and one from the Committee-are selected to review the manuscript. Reviewers are chosen for their familiarity with the country setting. The Committee provides the author its reaction to the reviewers' comments. After revising as necessary, the author resubmits the manuscript to the Committee with a written response to the reviewers' and Committee's comments. The Committee then makes its recommendations on publication of the manuscript to the Director General of IFPRI. With the Director General's approval, the manuscript becomes part of the IFPRI Research Report series, which began in 1977.

Evaluation and program planning, Apr 1, 2017

The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) believes that open access contributes to... more The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) believes that open access contributes to its mission of reducing hunger and poverty, and improving human nutrition in the tropics through research aimed at increasing the eco-efficiency of agriculture. CIAT is committed to creating and sharing knowledge and information openly and globally. We do this through collaborative research as well as through the open sharing of our data, tools, and publications.

The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, Mar 1, 2008

, the Discussion Paper series within each division and the Director General's Office of IFPRI wer... more , the Discussion Paper series within each division and the Director General's Office of IFPRI were merged into one IFPRI-wide Discussion Paper series. The new series begins with number 00689, reflecting the prior publication of 688 discussion papers within the dispersed series. The earlier series are available on IFPRI's website at www.ifpri.org/pubs/otherpubs.htm#dp. 2 IFPRI Discussion Papers contain preliminary material and research results. They have not been subject to formal external reviews managed by IFPRI's Publications Review Committee but have been reviewed by at least one internal and/or external reviewer. They are circulated in order to stimulate discussion and critical comment.

The impact of no-tillage in Ghana

… a worldwide challenge …, 2001

... Authors Ekboir, J.; Boa, K.; Dankyi, AA Editors García-Torres, L.;Benites, J.;Martínez-Vilela... more ... Authors Ekboir, J.; Boa, K.; Dankyi, AA Editors García-Torres, L.;Benites, J.;Martínez-Vilela, A. Book chapter; Conference paper Conservation agriculture, a ... the impacts of a no-tillage package developed in Ghana, based on a survey among farmers from the Ashanti, Brong Ahafo ...

Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture

Innovation Africa: enriching …, 2009

Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tool... more Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture education, research and extension can contribute sub ...

Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture

Innovation Africa: enriching …, 2009

Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tool... more Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture education, research and extension can contribute sub ...

The environment in which public research organizations operate is changing at an increasing pace,... more The environment in which public research organizations operate is changing at an increasing pace, creating the demand that they to adapt. However, these organizations are structured to operate in relatively steady environments and they do not have the tools to function in situations that are in constant flux. This paper presents a framework for conducting an institutional analysis of public research organizations; the framework is based on novel science and innovation policies and the trends that have recently been documented in the organization and management of science.

An??lisis del sistema paname??o de investigaci??n agropecuaria

CIMMYT eBooks, 2003

There are many definitions, philosophies, and approaches to agricultural extension or advisory se... more There are many definitions, philosophies, and approaches to agricultural extension or advisory services, and views have changed over time. While extension traditionally implied training and dissemination of messages about specific technologies, more recently it has expanded to include assisting farmers to form groups, dealing with marketing of agricultural products, INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE

RePEc: Research Papers in Economics, 2006

Humanizing technology development in the green revolution's home

CABI Publishing eBooks, 2005

This chapter describes the history, current focus, and outlook of social science research at the ... more This chapter describes the history, current focus, and outlook of social science research at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). It is shown that the social science research agenda at CIMMYT has expanded from a narrow focus on technology adoption to encompass technology design and evaluation, technology targeting, adoption and impact assessment, research priority setting and many other issues. While much of the Economics Programme's work is grounded in traditional economic analysis, a considerable amount has been based on methods drawn from social sciences other than economics, including anthropology, human ecology, and political science. Three lessons are drawn from this brief review of social science research at CIMMYT: (1) successful technology development requires participation by social scientists, because they deal with human perceptions and behaviour that must be understood if technology development efforts are to be effective; (2) social science research cannot be conducted in isolation, separate from research done by biological and physical scientists; and (3) close collaboration between all branches of the social sciences helps define more comprehensive and relevant messages, increasing their usefulness to plant scientists and to crop and resource management specialists.

This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research pr... more This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research productivity in fields related to agriculture. Using original data and econometric analysis, our findings show a positive and significant relationship between commercial linkages and research productivity, when this is defined as publications in ISI journals. This evidence seems contrary to other contributions that argue that strong ties with the business sector reduce research productivity and distort the original purposes of university, i.e., conducting basic research and preparing highly-trained professionals. When research productivity is defined more broadly adding other types of research outputs, the relationship is also positive and significant confirming the argument that close ties between public research institutions and businesses foster the emergence of new ideas that can be translated into innovations with commercial and/or social value.

Modern marketing chains can heavily influence rural employment, poverty, and asset ownership, esp... more Modern marketing chains can heavily influence rural employment, poverty, and asset ownership, especially the concentration of land, physical assets, credit, and social capital in the hands of farmers with access to those chains. Only farmers with strong capabilities for innovation can survive in these highly competitive marketing chains, in which a dominant actor close to consumers (usually a supermarket or broker) organizes many producers and intermediaries and coordinates their interactions. The private sector or nongovernmental organi zations (NGOs) will lead the development of modern marketing chains, but the public sector should play an important supporting role by improving infrastructure, facilitating access to input markets and financial services, modernizing traditional wholesale markets and linking them with modern marketing chains, improving rural education, and supporting extension and advisory services. Project managers, field staff, donors, and policy makers require so...

New Approaches for Banana Xanthomonas Wilt ( BXW ) Disease Management in South Kivu , DR Congo

Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a devastating bacterial disease causing large yield losses in Ce... more Banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW) is a devastating bacterial disease causing large yield losses in Central and East Africa. The recommended control approach involves the uprooting of diseased ‘mats’, which is highly labour intensive. Disease avoidance is possible with an additional set of practices, including tool disinfection, early male bud removal, stopping all leaf cutting, and barring browsing animals. Single diseased stem removal (SDSR) has been proposed as a reduced labour alternative to complete mat uprooting, and was validated in agronomic trials in South Kivu in 2014. When complemented by the disease avoidance measures, SDSR has been shown to reduce BXW incidence to less than 2 % within 3 months. A transdisciplinary research project was established in South Kivu, DR Congo, in early 2014, with the objective of developing new recommendations for the application of SDSR that take into account the needs, constraints and possibilities of different types of farmers. On farm-research...

The recent spike in the prices of agricultural commodities highlighted the important and multiple... more The recent spike in the prices of agricultural commodities highlighted the important and multiple roles that agriculture still plays in the global economy: source of raw materials, generation of biofuels, a major component of consumption baskets (especially of poor households), an income source for the rural poor, a major influence in climate change and a source of migrants. The dynamics of the agricultural sector have changed in the last three decades in response to globalization, technical change, migration and environmental concerns. Globalization opened new agricultural markets (especially for high value products) and facilitated international exchanges of technical information. The rapid expansion of high value agriculture has sparked a debate on which are the most effective strategies to alleviate poverty and what role should innovation and scientific policies play in these strategies. On the one hand, rapid growth has been found to be the most effective way to reduce poverty. According to this reasoning, agricultural policies should prioritize the expansion of commercial agriculture over support for staple production. On the other hand, increasing production of the agricultural products most important for the poor can reduce food insecurity and trigger local innovation processes that expand local markets and, eventually, integrate into national or international markets.

European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2017

Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, the causal agent of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW), does ... more Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum, the causal agent of Xanthomonas wilt of banana (XW), does not infect or cause symptom development in all physically attached shoots in an infected mat. Incomplete/partial systemicity and latent infections often occur. The single diseased stem removal (SDSR, the removal of only symptomatic plants) technique depends on these observations. The SDSR technique, as an alternative or complementary practice to complete mat uprooting (CMU) for XW control, was evaluated at eight XW pilot sites in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo as a novel control option. This technique is low-cost, simple and easily applicable. Within one month, XW plant incidence at the experimental sites declined to below 10%, while within three and 10 months declined to below 2% and 1%, respectively. Restoration of banana plots was observed even in plots that initially had over 80% plant disease incidence. CMU removes a larger portion of the inoculum in a field but is very tedious, time consuming and costly in terms of labour and lost production, due to the premature cutting of symptomless plants that potentially could bear a bunch. CMU can potentially prevent further spread when XW appears for the first time on a farm or location. The choice of CMU relative to SDSR also depends largely on farming objectives. CMU can be carried out in intensive and market-oriented production systems, whose ultimate target is eradication, for example, in SouthWestern Uganda. In contrast, SDSR is more appealing to subsistence-oriented production, such as in eastern DR Congo, Burundi or central Uganda, whose target is more oriented towards management/control. SDSR can be suggested where access to clean planting material is difficult, thus could be recommended to a very large percentage of small-scale farmers in the currently affected banana-based production systems in east and central Africa.

Latino Performance in Rural Public Schools: Grades 3,6,12

Hispanic Behavioral Science, 1995

Agribusiness, 2002

Argentina and Uruguay eradicated foot and mouth disease~FMD! in 2000 and 1995, and subsequently g... more Argentina and Uruguay eradicated foot and mouth disease~FMD! in 2000 and 1995, and subsequently gained greater access to FMD-free markets+ Although both South American countries suffered from the reintroduction of FMD in late 2000, and had to temporarily cease exports to FMD-free markets, they are expected to eradicate FMD again and will continue to increase exports to FMD-free markets+ This article analyzes the changes in international beef trade and, especially, in beef prices that are expected+ We use a simulation model that captures the effects of market segmentation due to the FMD status and of the trade policies of exporting and importing countries+ The ongoing realignment of trade flows has potential to significantly affect prices in both the FMDfree and the FMD-endemic segments of the world beef market+ We demonstrate how growing beef exports from South America to FMD-free markets interact with other ongoing changes in international beef markets+ © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc+ @EconLit citations: Q110: Agriculture, Aggregate Supply and Demand; Q170: Agriculture, International Trade# 1 Several FMD outbreaks occurred in Argentina and Uruguay during late 2000 and early 2001, resulting from animals smuggled from Paraguay+ Vaccination was reintroduced, and the two countries will need to regain their FMD free status through a process that may last several years+

This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research pr... more This paper explores the effect of commercial farmers-academic researchers linkages on research productivity in fields related to agriculture. Using original data and econometric analysis, our findings show a positive and significant relationship between intensive linkages with a small number of commercial farmers and research productivity, when this is defined as publications in ISI journals. This evidence seems contrary to other contributions that argue that strong ties with the business sector reduce research productivity and distort the original purposes of university, i.e., conducting basic research and preparing highly-trained professionals. When research productivity is defined more broadly adding other types of research outputs, the relationship is also positive and significant confirming the argument that close ties between public research institutions and businesses foster the emergence of new ideas that can be translated into innovations with commercial and/or social value. Another important finding is that researchers in public institutions produce several types of research outputs; therefore, measuring research productivity only by published ISI papers misses important dimensions of research activities.

The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI ® ) was established in 1975 to identify a... more The International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI ® ) was established in 1975 to identify and analyze alternative national and international strategies and policies for meeting food needs of the developing world on a sustainable basis, with particular emphasis on low-income countries and on the poorer groups in those countries. While the research effort is geared to the precise objective of contributing to the reduction of hunger and malnutrition, the factors involved are many and wide-ranging, requiring analysis of underlying processes and extending beyond a narrowly defined food sector. The Institute's research program reflects worldwide collaboration with governments and private and public institutions interested in increasing food production and improving the equity of its distribution. Research results are disseminated to policymakers, opinion formers, administrators, policy analysts, researchers, and others concerned with national and international food and agricultural policy. IFPRI Research Reports are well-focused, policy-relevant monographs based on original and innovative research conducted at IFPRI. All manuscripts submitted for publication as IFPRI Research Reports undergo extensive external and internal reviews. Prior to submission to the Publications Review Committee, each manuscript is circulated informally among the author's colleagues. Upon submission to the Committee, the manuscript is reviewed by an IFPRI reviewer and presented in a formal seminar. Three additional reviewers-at least two external to IFPRI and one from the Committee-are selected to review the manuscript. Reviewers are chosen for their familiarity with the country setting. The Committee provides the author its reaction to the reviewers' comments. After revising as necessary, the author resubmits the manuscript to the Committee with a written response to the reviewers' and Committee's comments. The Committee then makes its recommendations on publication of the manuscript to the Director General of IFPRI. With the Director General's approval, the manuscript becomes part of the IFPRI Research Report series, which began in 1977.

Evaluation and program planning, Apr 1, 2017

The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) believes that open access contributes to... more The International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) believes that open access contributes to its mission of reducing hunger and poverty, and improving human nutrition in the tropics through research aimed at increasing the eco-efficiency of agriculture. CIAT is committed to creating and sharing knowledge and information openly and globally. We do this through collaborative research as well as through the open sharing of our data, tools, and publications.

The Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension, Mar 1, 2008

, the Discussion Paper series within each division and the Director General's Office of IFPRI wer... more , the Discussion Paper series within each division and the Director General's Office of IFPRI were merged into one IFPRI-wide Discussion Paper series. The new series begins with number 00689, reflecting the prior publication of 688 discussion papers within the dispersed series. The earlier series are available on IFPRI's website at www.ifpri.org/pubs/otherpubs.htm#dp. 2 IFPRI Discussion Papers contain preliminary material and research results. They have not been subject to formal external reviews managed by IFPRI's Publications Review Committee but have been reviewed by at least one internal and/or external reviewer. They are circulated in order to stimulate discussion and critical comment.

The impact of no-tillage in Ghana

… a worldwide challenge …, 2001

... Authors Ekboir, J.; Boa, K.; Dankyi, AA Editors García-Torres, L.;Benites, J.;Martínez-Vilela... more ... Authors Ekboir, J.; Boa, K.; Dankyi, AA Editors García-Torres, L.;Benites, J.;Martínez-Vilela, A. Book chapter; Conference paper Conservation agriculture, a ... the impacts of a no-tillage package developed in Ghana, based on a survey among farmers from the Ashanti, Brong Ahafo ...

Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture

Innovation Africa: enriching …, 2009

Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tool... more Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture education, research and extension can contribute sub ...

Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture

Innovation Africa: enriching …, 2009

Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tool... more Page 99. CHAPTER 5 Developing the Art and Science of Innovation Systems Enquiry: Alternative Tools and Methods, and Applications to Sub-Saharan African Agriculture education, research and extension can contribute sub ...

The environment in which public research organizations operate is changing at an increasing pace,... more The environment in which public research organizations operate is changing at an increasing pace, creating the demand that they to adapt. However, these organizations are structured to operate in relatively steady environments and they do not have the tools to function in situations that are in constant flux. This paper presents a framework for conducting an institutional analysis of public research organizations; the framework is based on novel science and innovation policies and the trends that have recently been documented in the organization and management of science.

La innovación contribuye a la resolución de problemas económicos o sociales. Se basa en la genera... more La innovación contribuye a la resolución de problemas
económicos o sociales. Se basa en la generación
y uso de conocimientos a través de procesos interactivos,
de aproximaciones sucesivas, continuos y acumulativos.
Las innovaciones dependen de las interacciones
entre diferentes actores, incluyendo empresas,
universidades y centros de investigación, gobiernos y
Poder Legislativo, instituciones financieras y organizaciones
intermediarias de innovación. En los últimos
años se ha reconocido la creciente importancia de la
innovación como motor del crecimiento y el desarrollo
y, como consecuencia, ha crecido el interés por entender
los vínculos entre la academia y el sector productivo.
Un resultado fundamental de estos estudios es
que la vinculación es un proceso complejo que: i) involucra
a actores que tienen lógicas muy diferentes
(académica, empresarial e incluso financiera) y ii) para
ser efectiva, se requiere que los actores tengan la capacidad
de romper barreras culturales y desarrollar
lenguajes comunes.
Este libro analiza el sistema de innovación agropecuario
mexicano y se enfoca en dos rasgos relevantes
del mismo: i) los vínculos entre investigadores y
productores agropecuarios, y ii) el papel que juegan
las organizaciones intermediarias de innovación para
articular a los actores. Se analizan las características
de la vinculación, los canales más usados, el impacto
que tiene sobre los investigadores y la visión que tienen
ambos actores (academia y productores) sobre la
misma. Se exploran también las funciones que cumplen
las Fundaciones Produce, como organizaciones
intermediarias de innovación. Un hallazgo importante
de este libro es que el sistema de innovación agropecuario
mexicano está en proceso de maduración, se
basa mayormente en nuevas aplicaciones de conocimiento
ya existente. Los vínculos basados en nuevo
conocimiento generado por actividades de Investigación
y Desarrollo son aún emergentes. Pero los casos
de éxito sugieren que hay avances significativos,
los cuales es necesario fortalecer mediante políticas
públicas adecuadas.