Jean-Charles Maré - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jean-Charles Maré

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 4, 2018

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2010

This communication deals with energy regenerative damping. A two quadrants electro-hydrostatic da... more This communication deals with energy regenerative damping. A two quadrants electro-hydrostatic damper is designed, simulated, manufactured and tested. The proposed damper involves a single rod linear jack, a charging accumulator, a manifold block with four check valves mounted as a full hydraulic rectifier and a hydraulic motor connected to an electrical generator. The proposed top level modelling is performed in order to point out in a simple and efficient way the contribution of both functional and parasitic effects such as inertia, friction, valves cracking pressure and flow rate pressure gradient. On basis these results, the initial design is modified to reduce the motor flow and to admit more conventional components for the demonstrator. A design exploration is run for the components sizing with special consideration to off-the-shelf references. Then, a virtual prototype is built within the LMS-AMESim simulation environment to verify the preliminary design and to assess the damper transient behaviour. Finally, the experimental results measured from the individual test of the first prototype are displayed and analyzed.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

The analysis of customer's requirements is addressed in the case of actuation design. Once in... more The analysis of customer's requirements is addressed in the case of actuation design. Once introduced the need for early decisioin making in the today's very challenging times, the focus is put on mission profiles that can provide efficient indicators for performance assessment and design comparisons. It is proposed to firstly condition the mission profile and then to extract quantities that are representative of the energy and power needs, the thermal and mechanical fatigue and the control performance in the frequency domain. A particular attention is paid to the consistency of power and control performance requirements then preliminary calculations are proposed to facilitate the early sizing evaluation of control demand for electrohydraulic or power by wire actuators.

1 Architecture 1.1 Generation et distribution de puissance 1.2 Actionneur electrohydrauliqu... more 1 Architecture 1.1 Generation et distribution de puissance 1.2 Actionneur electrohydraulique 2 Technologie 2.1 Transformateurs hydromecaniques 2.2 Modulateurs d'energie hydraulique 3 Phenomenes de base et modelisation 3.1 Transformateur hydromecanique ideal 3.2 Resistance hydraulique 3.3 Capacite hydraulique 3.4 Inertie hydraulique 3.5 Efforts hydrodynamiques 3.6 Efforts de frottement 3.7 Conservation de la masse 3.8 Conservation de la quantite de mouvement 4 Elements de dimensionnement 4.1 Specification de la charge mecanique 4.2 Limites en forts signaux 4.3 Performances limites en petits signaux 5 Conditionnement modal 5.1 Analyse vibratoire hydromecanique 5.2 Autres effets dynamiques Pour en savoir plus

1 Modele de conduite 1.1 Equations de base, linearisation - reduction 1.1.1 Modulateur de p... more 1 Modele de conduite 1.1 Equations de base, linearisation - reduction 1.1.1 Modulateur de puissance 1.1.2 Equation de continuite 1.1.3 Equation dynamique 1.2 Modele de conduite 1.2.1 Fonction de transfert 1.2.2 Modele d'etat 1.3 Analogie electrique. Considerations sur la non-linearite 1.3.1 Non-linearite du distributeur de puissance 1.3.2 Non-linearite de position 1.3.3 Cas des verins non symetriques 2 Commande en position 2.1 Commande proportionnelle pure 2.1.1 Analyse 2.1.2 Effet des non-linearites 2.2 Correcteurs pour l'asservissement de position 2.2.1 Conception optimale 2.2.2 Actions de correction au niveau organique 2.2.3 Correcteurs electriques type serie 2.2.4 Correcteurs electriques type parallele 2.2.5 Correcteurs electriques par anticipation 2.2.6 Influence des elasticites parasites 2.2.7 Commande non-lineaire 3 Commande en vitesse 4 Commande en effort 4.1 Modele de conduite 4.2 Commande proportionnelle 4.3 Charge bloquee 4.4 Correction Pour en savoir plus

Aircraft engineering, Jul 1, 2006

PurposeTo develop structured guidelines for the synthesis of dynamic force simulators that are re... more PurposeTo develop structured guidelines for the synthesis of dynamic force simulators that are required for the testing of high speed aerospace actuators. To provide realistic and proven solutions at both test bench hardware and control design levels.Design/methodology/approachThe state of the art in control design applied to load simulators in mainly based on complex controllers and does not take into account practical considerations. The objective of the present work is to provide generic preliminary design rules to ensure that the test bench architectures (frame, power transmission and control) and the components specifications are consistent with the targeted performance. Once selected the appropriate power transmission architecture, a linear approach is used as a foundation to generate design rules. Then, preliminary design is achieved thanks to the introduction, as early as possible, of the unavoidable technological defects.FindingsA step‐by‐step methodology allows the designer to select the controller architecture and to specify components with special care to their consistency with the required dynamic performance. The linear then practical approach generates key rules that can be used in the very early phase of the test bench design.Originality/valuePractical considerations on the components static and dynamic limitations are introduced progressively to make the natural test bench performance as consistent as possible with the performance requirements. Consequently, the controller becomes simpler to design and robust.

International audienceElectromechanical actuator (EMA) is a key element that is being developed f... more International audienceElectromechanical actuator (EMA) is a key element that is being developed for safe critical embedded application in next-generation electrical aircraft. Designers and manufacturers must carefully consider the parasitic effects in the frame of the model-based design and development of EMA. Thus, conducting accurate simulation analysis of natural dynamics, power losses, thermal behavior, reaction forces, and faults to failure performance is crucial and necessary before EMA operates in service. This communication proposes a two degree-of-freedom (2-DoF) modeling approach considering EMA translational and rotational motion. The key principle includes decomposing the EMA into to several generic subcomponents with mechanical “quadriport” model that can easily combine the 2-DoF motion. The proposed approach is developed by the intensive use of bond graph modeling. This approach enables the bearings, joints, and end-stops to be added for component-level performance analysis. This 2-DoF modeling approach is a useful support for EMA architecture selection, sizing, assessment of response to failure, health monitoring, and control design. The proposed 2-DoF lumped parameters models are helpful to evaluate EMA’s thermal balance and analyze energy losses through system-level thermal behavior modeling and simulation

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

ABSTRACT This communication proposes to combine non causal modeling, metamodeling and scaling law... more ABSTRACT This communication proposes to combine non causal modeling, metamodeling and scaling laws in order to take advantage of the inverse simulation capabilities of recent system level simulation software with the main target to assess technological alternatives quantitatively from a limited set of required data. The scaling laws are illustrated here for major hydraulic components (hydraulic cylinders and pumps) and are validated with manufacturers’ data. The proposed methodology is illustrated with the preliminary sizing of an electro-hydrostatic actuator driving an aircraft primary flight control surface (aileron). The design exploration for geometrical integration and mass is realized using to surface response models.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 7, 2019

International audienc

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2014

International audienceAu cours de la derniere decennie, l’augmentation du trafic aerien, du cout ... more International audienceAu cours de la derniere decennie, l’augmentation du trafic aerien, du cout de l’energie et la prise de conscience des impacts environnementaux ont conduit les avionneurs a developper des solutions plus sures, plus economiques et moins polluantes. Dans cette quete, le developpement de systemes de puissance et d’information « plus electriques » est tres vite apparu comme une source prometteuse de progres. Les systemes d’actionnement a puissance electrique, deja presents sur les recents avions commerciaux, permettent de maitriser plus finement la puissance, de reduire la consommation d’energie fossile, de reduire la masse embarquee des fluides polluants et d’optimiser la maintenance en identifiant mieux les pannes, tout en conservant la disponibilite de la fonction malgre une technologie plus sophistiquee

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interest and the need to rely on modeling and s... more The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interest and the need to rely on modeling and simulation of mechatronic systems in case of testing application and to contribute to the “democratization” of the use of models and “virtual testing”. Indeed, the systems are becoming increasingly complex: more dynamic, more optimized. Add for that the development schedules are more and more restricted with reduced budgets. These constraints which are antagonistic tend to emerge a new generation of designing and testing: the “virtual test platform”. We propose industrial methods and appropriate tools to develop this virtual test platform. It is with this objective that CERTIA (Provider of test benches and studies) and the company AIRCELLE (designer and integrator of nacelles), with significant experience in their respective fields, have developed the platform “PRESAGE” for virtual testing.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 10, 2021

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

This paper presents a methodology for the optimal preliminary design of electro-mechanical actuat... more This paper presents a methodology for the optimal preliminary design of electro-mechanical actuators. The main design drivers, design parameters and degrees of freedom that can be used for preliminary design and optimization of EMA are described. The different types of models used for model based design (estimation, simulation, evaluation and meta-model), and their associations are presented. The process preferred for its effectiveness in terms of flexibility and computational time is then described and illustrated with the example of a spoiler electromechanical actuator. The proposed approach, based on meta-models obtained using the surfaces response methods and scaling laws models, is used to explore the influence of anchorage points and transmission ratio on the different design constraints and the overall mass of the actuator.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013

International audienceno abstrac

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011

The combination of electrics and hydraulics technology is addressed for aerospace actuators. Once... more The combination of electrics and hydraulics technology is addressed for aerospace actuators. Once compared the inherent advantages and drawbacks of each technology, the evolution of signalling and powering is presented. At the signal level, fly-by-wire, fly-by-light and fly-wireless are rapidly reviewed. At the power level, after presenting the recent designs well established for already flying aircrafts (local hydraulic power generations, direct drive valves, electro-hydrostatic actuators, electro-backup-hydrostatic actuators, electro-backup-hydro-mechanical actuators), hybrid actuation is discussed in detail considering a passive hydraulic backup electromechanical actuator that is presently investigated for landing gear extension and retraction. A simplified analytical model is proposed for assessing rapidly the influence of the passive hydraulic power path on the actuator design and performance.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 4, 2018

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2010

This communication deals with energy regenerative damping. A two quadrants electro-hydrostatic da... more This communication deals with energy regenerative damping. A two quadrants electro-hydrostatic damper is designed, simulated, manufactured and tested. The proposed damper involves a single rod linear jack, a charging accumulator, a manifold block with four check valves mounted as a full hydraulic rectifier and a hydraulic motor connected to an electrical generator. The proposed top level modelling is performed in order to point out in a simple and efficient way the contribution of both functional and parasitic effects such as inertia, friction, valves cracking pressure and flow rate pressure gradient. On basis these results, the initial design is modified to reduce the motor flow and to admit more conventional components for the demonstrator. A design exploration is run for the components sizing with special consideration to off-the-shelf references. Then, a virtual prototype is built within the LMS-AMESim simulation environment to verify the preliminary design and to assess the damper transient behaviour. Finally, the experimental results measured from the individual test of the first prototype are displayed and analyzed.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

The analysis of customer's requirements is addressed in the case of actuation design. Once in... more The analysis of customer's requirements is addressed in the case of actuation design. Once introduced the need for early decisioin making in the today's very challenging times, the focus is put on mission profiles that can provide efficient indicators for performance assessment and design comparisons. It is proposed to firstly condition the mission profile and then to extract quantities that are representative of the energy and power needs, the thermal and mechanical fatigue and the control performance in the frequency domain. A particular attention is paid to the consistency of power and control performance requirements then preliminary calculations are proposed to facilitate the early sizing evaluation of control demand for electrohydraulic or power by wire actuators.

1 Architecture 1.1 Generation et distribution de puissance 1.2 Actionneur electrohydrauliqu... more 1 Architecture 1.1 Generation et distribution de puissance 1.2 Actionneur electrohydraulique 2 Technologie 2.1 Transformateurs hydromecaniques 2.2 Modulateurs d'energie hydraulique 3 Phenomenes de base et modelisation 3.1 Transformateur hydromecanique ideal 3.2 Resistance hydraulique 3.3 Capacite hydraulique 3.4 Inertie hydraulique 3.5 Efforts hydrodynamiques 3.6 Efforts de frottement 3.7 Conservation de la masse 3.8 Conservation de la quantite de mouvement 4 Elements de dimensionnement 4.1 Specification de la charge mecanique 4.2 Limites en forts signaux 4.3 Performances limites en petits signaux 5 Conditionnement modal 5.1 Analyse vibratoire hydromecanique 5.2 Autres effets dynamiques Pour en savoir plus

1 Modele de conduite 1.1 Equations de base, linearisation - reduction 1.1.1 Modulateur de p... more 1 Modele de conduite 1.1 Equations de base, linearisation - reduction 1.1.1 Modulateur de puissance 1.1.2 Equation de continuite 1.1.3 Equation dynamique 1.2 Modele de conduite 1.2.1 Fonction de transfert 1.2.2 Modele d'etat 1.3 Analogie electrique. Considerations sur la non-linearite 1.3.1 Non-linearite du distributeur de puissance 1.3.2 Non-linearite de position 1.3.3 Cas des verins non symetriques 2 Commande en position 2.1 Commande proportionnelle pure 2.1.1 Analyse 2.1.2 Effet des non-linearites 2.2 Correcteurs pour l'asservissement de position 2.2.1 Conception optimale 2.2.2 Actions de correction au niveau organique 2.2.3 Correcteurs electriques type serie 2.2.4 Correcteurs electriques type parallele 2.2.5 Correcteurs electriques par anticipation 2.2.6 Influence des elasticites parasites 2.2.7 Commande non-lineaire 3 Commande en vitesse 4 Commande en effort 4.1 Modele de conduite 4.2 Commande proportionnelle 4.3 Charge bloquee 4.4 Correction Pour en savoir plus

Aircraft engineering, Jul 1, 2006

PurposeTo develop structured guidelines for the synthesis of dynamic force simulators that are re... more PurposeTo develop structured guidelines for the synthesis of dynamic force simulators that are required for the testing of high speed aerospace actuators. To provide realistic and proven solutions at both test bench hardware and control design levels.Design/methodology/approachThe state of the art in control design applied to load simulators in mainly based on complex controllers and does not take into account practical considerations. The objective of the present work is to provide generic preliminary design rules to ensure that the test bench architectures (frame, power transmission and control) and the components specifications are consistent with the targeted performance. Once selected the appropriate power transmission architecture, a linear approach is used as a foundation to generate design rules. Then, preliminary design is achieved thanks to the introduction, as early as possible, of the unavoidable technological defects.FindingsA step‐by‐step methodology allows the designer to select the controller architecture and to specify components with special care to their consistency with the required dynamic performance. The linear then practical approach generates key rules that can be used in the very early phase of the test bench design.Originality/valuePractical considerations on the components static and dynamic limitations are introduced progressively to make the natural test bench performance as consistent as possible with the performance requirements. Consequently, the controller becomes simpler to design and robust.

International audienceElectromechanical actuator (EMA) is a key element that is being developed f... more International audienceElectromechanical actuator (EMA) is a key element that is being developed for safe critical embedded application in next-generation electrical aircraft. Designers and manufacturers must carefully consider the parasitic effects in the frame of the model-based design and development of EMA. Thus, conducting accurate simulation analysis of natural dynamics, power losses, thermal behavior, reaction forces, and faults to failure performance is crucial and necessary before EMA operates in service. This communication proposes a two degree-of-freedom (2-DoF) modeling approach considering EMA translational and rotational motion. The key principle includes decomposing the EMA into to several generic subcomponents with mechanical “quadriport” model that can easily combine the 2-DoF motion. The proposed approach is developed by the intensive use of bond graph modeling. This approach enables the bearings, joints, and end-stops to be added for component-level performance analysis. This 2-DoF modeling approach is a useful support for EMA architecture selection, sizing, assessment of response to failure, health monitoring, and control design. The proposed 2-DoF lumped parameters models are helpful to evaluate EMA’s thermal balance and analyze energy losses through system-level thermal behavior modeling and simulation

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

ABSTRACT This communication proposes to combine non causal modeling, metamodeling and scaling law... more ABSTRACT This communication proposes to combine non causal modeling, metamodeling and scaling laws in order to take advantage of the inverse simulation capabilities of recent system level simulation software with the main target to assess technological alternatives quantitatively from a limited set of required data. The scaling laws are illustrated here for major hydraulic components (hydraulic cylinders and pumps) and are validated with manufacturers’ data. The proposed methodology is illustrated with the preliminary sizing of an electro-hydrostatic actuator driving an aircraft primary flight control surface (aileron). The design exploration for geometrical integration and mass is realized using to surface response models.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 7, 2019

International audienc

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2014

International audienceAu cours de la derniere decennie, l’augmentation du trafic aerien, du cout ... more International audienceAu cours de la derniere decennie, l’augmentation du trafic aerien, du cout de l’energie et la prise de conscience des impacts environnementaux ont conduit les avionneurs a developper des solutions plus sures, plus economiques et moins polluantes. Dans cette quete, le developpement de systemes de puissance et d’information « plus electriques » est tres vite apparu comme une source prometteuse de progres. Les systemes d’actionnement a puissance electrique, deja presents sur les recents avions commerciaux, permettent de maitriser plus finement la puissance, de reduire la consommation d’energie fossile, de reduire la masse embarquee des fluides polluants et d’optimiser la maintenance en identifiant mieux les pannes, tout en conservant la disponibilite de la fonction malgre une technologie plus sophistiquee

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013

The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interest and the need to rely on modeling and s... more The purpose of this article is to demonstrate the interest and the need to rely on modeling and simulation of mechatronic systems in case of testing application and to contribute to the “democratization” of the use of models and “virtual testing”. Indeed, the systems are becoming increasingly complex: more dynamic, more optimized. Add for that the development schedules are more and more restricted with reduced budgets. These constraints which are antagonistic tend to emerge a new generation of designing and testing: the “virtual test platform”. We propose industrial methods and appropriate tools to develop this virtual test platform. It is with this objective that CERTIA (Provider of test benches and studies) and the company AIRCELLE (designer and integrator of nacelles), with significant experience in their respective fields, have developed the platform “PRESAGE” for virtual testing.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 10, 2021

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2012

This paper presents a methodology for the optimal preliminary design of electro-mechanical actuat... more This paper presents a methodology for the optimal preliminary design of electro-mechanical actuators. The main design drivers, design parameters and degrees of freedom that can be used for preliminary design and optimization of EMA are described. The different types of models used for model based design (estimation, simulation, evaluation and meta-model), and their associations are presented. The process preferred for its effectiveness in terms of flexibility and computational time is then described and illustrated with the example of a spoiler electromechanical actuator. The proposed approach, based on meta-models obtained using the surfaces response methods and scaling laws models, is used to explore the influence of anchorage points and transmission ratio on the different design constraints and the overall mass of the actuator.

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2013

International audienceno abstrac

HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011

The combination of electrics and hydraulics technology is addressed for aerospace actuators. Once... more The combination of electrics and hydraulics technology is addressed for aerospace actuators. Once compared the inherent advantages and drawbacks of each technology, the evolution of signalling and powering is presented. At the signal level, fly-by-wire, fly-by-light and fly-wireless are rapidly reviewed. At the power level, after presenting the recent designs well established for already flying aircrafts (local hydraulic power generations, direct drive valves, electro-hydrostatic actuators, electro-backup-hydrostatic actuators, electro-backup-hydro-mechanical actuators), hybrid actuation is discussed in detail considering a passive hydraulic backup electromechanical actuator that is presently investigated for landing gear extension and retraction. A simplified analytical model is proposed for assessing rapidly the influence of the passive hydraulic power path on the actuator design and performance.