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Papers by Jean Damascene Ngendahayo

Research paper thumbnail of The Protagonist's Masculine Perceptions in Things Fall Apart as the Sign of Igbo Society Breakup

Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recountin... more Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recounting all social and cultural life and beliefs as well as the arrival of British Colonizers in the Igbo society of Nigeria. This paper aims at identifying the effects of the protagonist's masculine perception in Things Fall Apart as the sign of Igbo society breakup. Okonkwo, the protagonist of the TFA is said in the whole novel and his different behaviors are still analyzed until now. This study elucidates the Okonkwo's resistance against the British colonizers where he refuses to submit himself to them after slaying their messenger and prefers to die as a man by hanging himself, the act the Igbo society consider like an abomination. Along with that, the research analyzes how much Okonkwo scorns the women by considering them like weak people. Based on the analytical findings, this research reveals how his masculine perceptions portray the breakup of Igbo society socially and culturally as it has been noticed from TFA where he often blames those who behave like a woman among his clan members. The protagonist's suicide openly exhibits the end of traditional Igbo society for the benefit of the British colonizers.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation into parents’ participation in their children’s formal education in nine year basic education schools (9YBE) in Rwanda

Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where... more Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where the family and the school can be taken as the cornerstone of efficacious education. This is the real purpose that pushed the researcher to bring an investigation into the parents’ participation in their children’s formal education in Nine Year Basic Education schools (9YBE) in Rwanda. The study was conducted at Groupe Scolaire Cyabagarura in Musanze district where the poor performance of students in the Ordinary Level Exam of 2011 and other district tests were pointed at despite the great number of trained teachers in education found at the school being cited. This research involved various respondents including parents and their children as well as teachers in a bid to finding the root causes of the poor performance of these students. Given the nature of this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods were relied on so that the data from the involved and sampled informants could ...

Research paper thumbnail of Association of NOS3 G894T polymorphism with coronary artery disease in individuals with or without diabetes mellitus

Research paper thumbnail of The Accounts and Importance of Jesus' Miracles in Revitalizing Christians’ Faith in the New Testament

Biblical Studies Journal

To validate his messianic mission and the coming of God's kingdom, Jesus performed "wond... more To validate his messianic mission and the coming of God's kingdom, Jesus performed "wonders and signs" that were directed at and closely related to the call to faith. This paper attempted to account for Jesus' miracles and their significance in raising Christians' faith today, as mentioned by various prophets in the Old Testament. The survey was carried out based on a critical analysis of some of the miracles performed by Jesus Christ while He was on earth. The study focused on two healing miracles, the first controlling nature, and the other one demonstrating power against demons or evil spirits from men by categorizing his miracles. Six miracles were chosen and analyzed to help people understand the meaning and significance of those miracles in Jesus' time and today. This survey focused on the miracles of Jesus Christ as recorded in the New Testament. All of Jesus' miracles revealed to the readers that nothing Jesus Christ did on this earth was done w...

Research paper thumbnail of The Protagonist's Masculine Perceptions in Things Fall Apart as the Sign of Igbo Society Breakup

Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics(JLLL), 2021

Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recountin... more Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recounting all social and cultural life and beliefs as well as the arrival of British Colonizers in the Igbo society of Nigeria. This paper aims at identifying the effects of the protagonist’s masculine perception in Things Fall Apart as the sign of Igbo society breakup. Okonkwo, the protagonist of the TFA is said in the whole novel and his different behaviors are still analyzed until now. This study elucidates the Okonkwo’s resistance against the British colonizers where he refuses to submit himself to them after slaying their messenger and prefers to die as a man by hanging himself, the act the Igbo society consider like an abomination. Along with that, the research analyzes how much Okonkwo scorns the women by considering them like weak people. Based on the analytical findings, this research reveals how his masculine perceptions portray the breakup of Igbo society socially and culturally as it has been noticed from TFA where he often blames those who behave like a woman among his clan members. The protagonist’s suicide openly exhibits the end of traditional Igbo society for the benefit of the British colonizers.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation into Parents’ Participation in their Children's Formal Education in Nine Year Basic Education Schools (9YBE) in Rwanda

International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE), 2020

Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where... more Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where the family and the school can be taken as the cornerstone of efficacious education. This is the real purpose that pushed the researcher to bring an investigation into the parents’ participation in their children’s formal education in Nine Year Basic Education schools (9YBE) in Rwanda. The study was conducted at Groupe Scolaire Cyabagarura in Musanze district where the poor performance of students in the Ordinary Level Exam of 2011 and other district tests were pointed at despite the great number of trained teachers in education found at the school being cited. This research involved various respondents including parents and their children as well as teachers in a bid to finding the root causes of the poor performance of these students. Given the nature of this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods were relied on so that the data from the involved and sampled informants could be analyzed effectively. To get this sample from each category, the researcher used the stratified systematic random sampling method. He also used the interview guide, questionnaires, observation and documentation as the approaches to deeply explore the research problem. With the help of the investigation made, our findings indicated poor parents’ participation in helping their children to perform well at school as all our results from table 1 to 6 showcased. With the view of all this research purpose, we drew the attention to various concerned people in education setting that 9YBE program and policy cannot be attained without any active collaboration of parents for encouraging and reminding their children to revise and do the school activities assigned to them by their teachers. Schools have to work hand in hand with teachers and parents for the sake of the students’ good performance.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Using the Mother Tongue on Musanze Upper Primary Learners’Performance in English

ABSTRACT This research reports the impact of using the mother tongue on Musanze upper primary lea... more ABSTRACT
This research reports the impact of using the mother tongue on Musanze upper primary learners’performance in English: case study of Bukane and Gahondogo primary schools. A qualitative design used interviews, observation to collect data for the research. This study adopted a qualitative method through which data was analyzed from English primary schools in P5 and P6 as well as students from these classes. Along with that, the quantitative method was not left behind because the researcher used the questionnaires to collect data numerically from his informants. The research findings disclosed that the mother tongue was used in English classes during the researcher’s observations and through interviews and responded questionnaires confirmed that use.
The 59 respondents of this research reported that they use mother tongue in English class due to the following factors: teachers said that they preferred to mix both mother tongue and English because of the lack of the confidence in English, their background was not Anglophone so as to communicate freely and correctly in this language, they also said that it was due to the fact that they usually wanted to help their students to have comprehension of the content. The students who were chosen to respond to the present research said that they used the mother tongue in English so as to have a great comprehension of the content and they did not have much vocabulary as well as the lack of motivation in English language. These factors met with these research objectives and hypotheses.
As an impact, students failed to master well the English language skills such as speaking, listening, writing and reading as their result of poor performance in English. All in all, the mother tongue must not be used so much in English class because it hampers the effectiveness of the L2 acquisition and performance. Again if it is not used wisely it can deprive English language skills to come along as the study revealed.
Therefore, the research recommended the ministry of education to increase the English language trainings at least two trainings per year to help those teachers to feel confident in English language teaching and learning. In addition to that Anglophone school based mentors must be sent to all primary schools to advise and help teachers and students to use English in classroom and outside of it in terms of improving English language skills mentioned above.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Women Oppression on the Societal Destruction: A case study of Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart

Academic paper

ABSTRACT The research’s concern here is on women oppression in the Igbo society and with its impa... more ABSTRACT
The research’s concern here is on women oppression in the Igbo society and with its impact on the societal destruction. When carrying the research, the forms of women oppression were investigated in this Achebe’s Things Fall Apart whereby inequality, inheritance deprivation for female gender, women beating and other abuses against femininity were mainly based on in this research to investigate the reasons of Igbo societal destruction. Okonkwo who ruled his wives and children with a heavy hand was both a woman hater and oppressor. Hence, this behavior and belief have to be searched on for the purpose of finding out how it might lead his society to get destroyed.

This research bears the following objectives: To identify the forms of oppression in Things Fall Apart, to examine in which ways the society gets destroyed due to women oppression and to emphasize what women can do so as to get equal chances to their counterparts. Referring to the objectives mentioned above, the researcher wanted to answer these questions: the first question was how has the Igbo society demonstrated the forms of women oppression in Things Fall Apart? The forms of oppression were based on women beating, deprivation of inheritance for female gender and different abuse against women. The second one is, where did the society get destroyed in the Igbo society in Things Fall Apart? It is identified that women role is limited to households and children bearing not in economic and political whereby the women are not able to possess anything like men. The third is how the women oppression contributed to the societal destruction? The protagonist of Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo, a woman hater and oppressor led his society to destruction whereby his son Nwoye abused by him to behave like women became one of the people who got converted into Christianity unlike traditional and other hatred and violence against the femininity contributed much to the society destruction. The findings identified that the Igbo society practiced different women oppression such as inequality, lack of inheritance for girls’ children, and women beating. It was also noticed here that women were socially and economically undermined by men through their patriarchal culture and society. The violence against the femininity pushed Okonkwo to hung himself so that he could not be called a weak or woman for handing himself in white men’s hands after killing the white man messenger. From this death, Umuofia has completely fallen apart in the white men’s hands.
The contribution of this research is to help women be aware of their rights and fight against the culture to which they belong. Men should empower women and consider them like human beings instead of limiting their lives in the kitchen and in the households. It especially motivates the other researchers who are interested in feminism and gender to make a comparison about the women life of the past and today in Igbo society. It is additionally hoped for further researchers to conduct the research in Igbo society for assessing whether the patriarchal culture has changed and women are no longer oppressed these days.

Research paper thumbnail of The Protagonist's Masculine Perceptions in Things Fall Apart as the Sign of Igbo Society Breakup

Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recountin... more Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recounting all social and cultural life and beliefs as well as the arrival of British Colonizers in the Igbo society of Nigeria. This paper aims at identifying the effects of the protagonist's masculine perception in Things Fall Apart as the sign of Igbo society breakup. Okonkwo, the protagonist of the TFA is said in the whole novel and his different behaviors are still analyzed until now. This study elucidates the Okonkwo's resistance against the British colonizers where he refuses to submit himself to them after slaying their messenger and prefers to die as a man by hanging himself, the act the Igbo society consider like an abomination. Along with that, the research analyzes how much Okonkwo scorns the women by considering them like weak people. Based on the analytical findings, this research reveals how his masculine perceptions portray the breakup of Igbo society socially and culturally as it has been noticed from TFA where he often blames those who behave like a woman among his clan members. The protagonist's suicide openly exhibits the end of traditional Igbo society for the benefit of the British colonizers.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation into parents’ participation in their children’s formal education in nine year basic education schools (9YBE) in Rwanda

Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where... more Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where the family and the school can be taken as the cornerstone of efficacious education. This is the real purpose that pushed the researcher to bring an investigation into the parents’ participation in their children’s formal education in Nine Year Basic Education schools (9YBE) in Rwanda. The study was conducted at Groupe Scolaire Cyabagarura in Musanze district where the poor performance of students in the Ordinary Level Exam of 2011 and other district tests were pointed at despite the great number of trained teachers in education found at the school being cited. This research involved various respondents including parents and their children as well as teachers in a bid to finding the root causes of the poor performance of these students. Given the nature of this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods were relied on so that the data from the involved and sampled informants could ...

Research paper thumbnail of Association of NOS3 G894T polymorphism with coronary artery disease in individuals with or without diabetes mellitus

Research paper thumbnail of The Accounts and Importance of Jesus' Miracles in Revitalizing Christians’ Faith in the New Testament

Biblical Studies Journal

To validate his messianic mission and the coming of God's kingdom, Jesus performed "wond... more To validate his messianic mission and the coming of God's kingdom, Jesus performed "wonders and signs" that were directed at and closely related to the call to faith. This paper attempted to account for Jesus' miracles and their significance in raising Christians' faith today, as mentioned by various prophets in the Old Testament. The survey was carried out based on a critical analysis of some of the miracles performed by Jesus Christ while He was on earth. The study focused on two healing miracles, the first controlling nature, and the other one demonstrating power against demons or evil spirits from men by categorizing his miracles. Six miracles were chosen and analyzed to help people understand the meaning and significance of those miracles in Jesus' time and today. This survey focused on the miracles of Jesus Christ as recorded in the New Testament. All of Jesus' miracles revealed to the readers that nothing Jesus Christ did on this earth was done w...

Research paper thumbnail of The Protagonist's Masculine Perceptions in Things Fall Apart as the Sign of Igbo Society Breakup

Journal of Literature, Languages and Linguistics(JLLL), 2021

Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recountin... more Things Fall Apart (TFA) is the novel written and published by Chinua Achebe in 1958 for recounting all social and cultural life and beliefs as well as the arrival of British Colonizers in the Igbo society of Nigeria. This paper aims at identifying the effects of the protagonist’s masculine perception in Things Fall Apart as the sign of Igbo society breakup. Okonkwo, the protagonist of the TFA is said in the whole novel and his different behaviors are still analyzed until now. This study elucidates the Okonkwo’s resistance against the British colonizers where he refuses to submit himself to them after slaying their messenger and prefers to die as a man by hanging himself, the act the Igbo society consider like an abomination. Along with that, the research analyzes how much Okonkwo scorns the women by considering them like weak people. Based on the analytical findings, this research reveals how his masculine perceptions portray the breakup of Igbo society socially and culturally as it has been noticed from TFA where he often blames those who behave like a woman among his clan members. The protagonist’s suicide openly exhibits the end of traditional Igbo society for the benefit of the British colonizers.

Research paper thumbnail of Investigation into Parents’ Participation in their Children's Formal Education in Nine Year Basic Education Schools (9YBE) in Rwanda

International Journal on Integrated Education (IJIE), 2020

Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where... more Nowadays, the performance of students is viewed as an outcome generated by various dynamics where the family and the school can be taken as the cornerstone of efficacious education. This is the real purpose that pushed the researcher to bring an investigation into the parents’ participation in their children’s formal education in Nine Year Basic Education schools (9YBE) in Rwanda. The study was conducted at Groupe Scolaire Cyabagarura in Musanze district where the poor performance of students in the Ordinary Level Exam of 2011 and other district tests were pointed at despite the great number of trained teachers in education found at the school being cited. This research involved various respondents including parents and their children as well as teachers in a bid to finding the root causes of the poor performance of these students. Given the nature of this study, both qualitative and quantitative methods were relied on so that the data from the involved and sampled informants could be analyzed effectively. To get this sample from each category, the researcher used the stratified systematic random sampling method. He also used the interview guide, questionnaires, observation and documentation as the approaches to deeply explore the research problem. With the help of the investigation made, our findings indicated poor parents’ participation in helping their children to perform well at school as all our results from table 1 to 6 showcased. With the view of all this research purpose, we drew the attention to various concerned people in education setting that 9YBE program and policy cannot be attained without any active collaboration of parents for encouraging and reminding their children to revise and do the school activities assigned to them by their teachers. Schools have to work hand in hand with teachers and parents for the sake of the students’ good performance.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Using the Mother Tongue on Musanze Upper Primary Learners’Performance in English

ABSTRACT This research reports the impact of using the mother tongue on Musanze upper primary lea... more ABSTRACT
This research reports the impact of using the mother tongue on Musanze upper primary learners’performance in English: case study of Bukane and Gahondogo primary schools. A qualitative design used interviews, observation to collect data for the research. This study adopted a qualitative method through which data was analyzed from English primary schools in P5 and P6 as well as students from these classes. Along with that, the quantitative method was not left behind because the researcher used the questionnaires to collect data numerically from his informants. The research findings disclosed that the mother tongue was used in English classes during the researcher’s observations and through interviews and responded questionnaires confirmed that use.
The 59 respondents of this research reported that they use mother tongue in English class due to the following factors: teachers said that they preferred to mix both mother tongue and English because of the lack of the confidence in English, their background was not Anglophone so as to communicate freely and correctly in this language, they also said that it was due to the fact that they usually wanted to help their students to have comprehension of the content. The students who were chosen to respond to the present research said that they used the mother tongue in English so as to have a great comprehension of the content and they did not have much vocabulary as well as the lack of motivation in English language. These factors met with these research objectives and hypotheses.
As an impact, students failed to master well the English language skills such as speaking, listening, writing and reading as their result of poor performance in English. All in all, the mother tongue must not be used so much in English class because it hampers the effectiveness of the L2 acquisition and performance. Again if it is not used wisely it can deprive English language skills to come along as the study revealed.
Therefore, the research recommended the ministry of education to increase the English language trainings at least two trainings per year to help those teachers to feel confident in English language teaching and learning. In addition to that Anglophone school based mentors must be sent to all primary schools to advise and help teachers and students to use English in classroom and outside of it in terms of improving English language skills mentioned above.

Research paper thumbnail of The Impact of Women Oppression on the Societal Destruction: A case study of Chinua Achebe's Things Fall Apart

Academic paper

ABSTRACT The research’s concern here is on women oppression in the Igbo society and with its impa... more ABSTRACT
The research’s concern here is on women oppression in the Igbo society and with its impact on the societal destruction. When carrying the research, the forms of women oppression were investigated in this Achebe’s Things Fall Apart whereby inequality, inheritance deprivation for female gender, women beating and other abuses against femininity were mainly based on in this research to investigate the reasons of Igbo societal destruction. Okonkwo who ruled his wives and children with a heavy hand was both a woman hater and oppressor. Hence, this behavior and belief have to be searched on for the purpose of finding out how it might lead his society to get destroyed.

This research bears the following objectives: To identify the forms of oppression in Things Fall Apart, to examine in which ways the society gets destroyed due to women oppression and to emphasize what women can do so as to get equal chances to their counterparts. Referring to the objectives mentioned above, the researcher wanted to answer these questions: the first question was how has the Igbo society demonstrated the forms of women oppression in Things Fall Apart? The forms of oppression were based on women beating, deprivation of inheritance for female gender and different abuse against women. The second one is, where did the society get destroyed in the Igbo society in Things Fall Apart? It is identified that women role is limited to households and children bearing not in economic and political whereby the women are not able to possess anything like men. The third is how the women oppression contributed to the societal destruction? The protagonist of Things Fall Apart, Okonkwo, a woman hater and oppressor led his society to destruction whereby his son Nwoye abused by him to behave like women became one of the people who got converted into Christianity unlike traditional and other hatred and violence against the femininity contributed much to the society destruction. The findings identified that the Igbo society practiced different women oppression such as inequality, lack of inheritance for girls’ children, and women beating. It was also noticed here that women were socially and economically undermined by men through their patriarchal culture and society. The violence against the femininity pushed Okonkwo to hung himself so that he could not be called a weak or woman for handing himself in white men’s hands after killing the white man messenger. From this death, Umuofia has completely fallen apart in the white men’s hands.
The contribution of this research is to help women be aware of their rights and fight against the culture to which they belong. Men should empower women and consider them like human beings instead of limiting their lives in the kitchen and in the households. It especially motivates the other researchers who are interested in feminism and gender to make a comparison about the women life of the past and today in Igbo society. It is additionally hoped for further researchers to conduct the research in Igbo society for assessing whether the patriarchal culture has changed and women are no longer oppressed these days.