Jean Noel NIKIEMA - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Jean Noel NIKIEMA
BACKGROUND An increasing number of users are turning to online sources which is a significant sou... more BACKGROUND An increasing number of users are turning to online sources which is a significant source of patient information for healthcare guidance. Thus, trustworthy sources of information should be automatically identifiable using objective criteria. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to automate the assessment of the HONcode criteria, enhancing our ability to pinpoint trustworthy health information sources. METHODS A dataset of 538 webpages displaying health content was collected from 43 health-related websites. HONcode criteria have been split into two levels ((1) webpage and (2) website levels). For the website-level criteria (confidentiality, transparency, financial disclosure, and advertising policy), a bag of keywords has been identified to assess the criteria, and for webpage-level criteria (authority, complementarity, justifiability, and attribution) a machine learning (ML) approach has been used and 200 webpages were manually annotated. For website-level criteria, a ...
BMJ Open, May 1, 2023
Introduction Measuring the performance of interprofessional primary care is needed to examine whe... more Introduction Measuring the performance of interprofessional primary care is needed to examine whether this model of care is achieving its desired outcomes on patient care and health system effectiveness as well as to guide quality improvement initiatives. The aim of this scoping review is to map the literature on primary care performance measurement indicators to determine the extent to which current indicators capture or could be adapted to capture processes, outputs and outcomes that reflect interprofessional primary care. Methods and analysis The review will be guided by the six-stage framework by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, grey literature and the reference list of key studies will be searched to identify any study, published in English or French between 2000 and 2022, related to the concepts of performance indicators, frameworks, interprofessional teams and primary care. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. Eligible indicators will be classified according to process, output and outcome domains proposed by two validated frameworks. This study started in November 2022 and is expected to be completed by July 2023. Ethics and dissemination This review does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and presentations to stakeholders.
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Journal of Biomedical Informatics, Oct 1, 2017
In oncology, the reuse of data is confronted with the heterogeneity of terminologies. It is neces... more In oncology, the reuse of data is confronted with the heterogeneity of terminologies. It is necessary to semantically integrate these distinct terminologies. The semantic integration by using a third terminology as a support is a conventional approach for the integration of two terminologies that are not very structured. The aim of our study was to use SNOMED CT for integrating ICD-10 and ICD-O3. We used two complementary resources, mapping tables provided by SNOMED CT and the NCI Metathesaurus, in order to find mappings between ICD-10 or ICD-O3 concepts and SNOMED CT concepts. We used the SNOMED CT structure to filter inconsistent mappings, as well as to disambiguate multiple mappings. Based on the remaining mappings, we used semantic relations from SNOMED CT to establish links between ICD-10 and ICD-O3. Overall, the coverage of ICD-O3 and ICD10 codes was over 88%. Finally, we obtained an integration of 24% (203/852) of ICD-10 concepts with 86% (888/1032) of ICD-O3 morphology concepts combined to 39% (127/330) of ICD-O3 topography concepts. Comparing our results with the 23,684 ICD-O3 pairs mapped to ICD-10 concepts in the SEER conversion file, we found 17,447 pairs of ICD-O3 concepts in common among which 11,932 pairs were integrated with the same ICD-10 concept as the SEER conversion file. The automated process leverages logical definitions of SNOMED CT concepts. While the low quality of some of these definitions impacted negatively the integration process, the identification of such situations made it possible to indirectly audit the structure of SNOMED CT.
A mes fils NIKIEMA Kiswendsida Jean Dyllan et Eliakim Joseph Rayimwende et leur mère Yacine R. OU... more A mes fils NIKIEMA Kiswendsida Jean Dyllan et Eliakim Joseph Rayimwende et leur mère Yacine R. OUEDRAOGO. Dyllan, Eliakim vous êtes ma vie, ma source d'inspiration. C'est pour vous que je me bats, c'est grâce à vous que jamais je ne baisserai les bras. Yacine, tu es mon amour et tu le seras à jamais. Puissions-nous réaliser de grands projets ensemble pour le bonheur de tous A mon père, NIKIEMA Jean-Christophe et ma mère KAFANDO Noélie. Vous avez toujours été un exemple. Votre vision de la vie, votre rigueur et votre affection ont fait de moi l'homme que je suis. Je ne serai jamais assez reconnaissant à votre égard. Mon respect et mon amour pour vous resteront à tout jamais. A mes frères et soeurs, Rosine, Jacqueline, Christelle, Antoine et Richard A mes neveux et nièces Marc-Aurèle, Ariel et Camelia Le diplôme vaut ce que vaut son titulaire, il ne constitue qu'une borne indicatrice amovible, plantée sur la poudre et interminable route du savoir, et qui se déplace vers plus ou moins l'infini selon que l'on continue à s'instruire ou que l'on s'endort sur l'acquis. Nazi Boni Productions scientifiques Articles de revue NIKIEMA Jean Noël, JOUHET Vianney, MOUGIN Fleur. "Integrating cancer diagnosis terminologies based on logical definitions of SNOMED CT concepts".
La pandémie de la COVID-19 exerce une pression importante sur les systèmes de santé à travers le ... more La pandémie de la COVID-19 exerce une pression importante sur les systèmes de santé à travers le monde, lesquels doivent s’adapter à une demande accrue tout en transformant leurs façons de faire pour réduire les risques de propagation du virus. Le numérique (applications, logiciels et réseaux associés) promet de soutenir les organisations, les praticiens et les citoyens via une diversité de capacités pour optimiser la gestion de l’information et soutenir les soins à distance, voire les auto-soins. Une équipe de chercheur·es de l’OBVIA dirigée par Aude Motulsky et Philipe Després a entrepris une veille numérique en lien avec la gestion de la COVID-19 dès le début du mois de mars, afin de dresser les contours des transformations numériques en cours au Canada, et exposer des observations et constats préliminaires qui permettent d’identifier des pistes de recherche et actions à prioriser pour mobiliser le potentiel tout en limitant les conséquences indésirables. Le rapport présente la d...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 1, 2022
Dans le domaine de la santé, il existe un nombre très important de sources de connaissances, qui ... more Dans le domaine de la santé, il existe un nombre très important de sources de connaissances, qui vont de simples terminologies, classifications et vocabulaires contrôlés à des représentations très formelles, que sont les ontologies. Cette hétérogénéité des sources de connaissances pose le problème de l’utilisation secondaire des données, et en particulier de l’exploitation de données hétérogènes dans le cadre de la médecine personnalisée ou translationnelle. En effet, les données à utiliser peuvent être codées par des sources de connaissances décrivant la même notion clinique de manière différente ou décrivant des notions distinctes mais complémentaires.Pour répondre au besoin d’utilisation conjointe des sources de connaissances encodant les données de santé, nous avons étudié trois processus permettant de répondre aux conflits sémantiques (difficultés résultant de leur mise en relation) : (1) l’alignement qui consiste à créer des relations de mappings (équivalence et/ou subsumption...
JAMIA Open, 2021
Objective Our study consists in aligning the interface terminology of the Bordeaux university hos... more Objective Our study consists in aligning the interface terminology of the Bordeaux university hospital (TLAB) to the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC). The objective was to facilitate the shared and integrated use of biological results with other health information systems. Materials and Methods We used an innovative approach based on a decomposition and re-composition of LOINC concepts according to the transversal relations that may be described between LOINC concepts and their definitional attributes. TLAB entities were first anchored to LOINC attributes and then aligned to LOINC concepts through the appropriate combination of definitional attributes. Finally, using laboratory results of the Bordeaux data-warehouse, an instance-based filtering process has been applied. Results We found a small overlap between the tokens constituting the labels of TLAB and LOINC. However, the TLAB entities have been easily aligned to LOINC attributes. Thus, 99.8% of TLAB entit...
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
The objective of this study was to describe and assess the quality of the direct-to-consumer medi... more The objective of this study was to describe and assess the quality of the direct-to-consumer medical teleconsultation landscape in three Canadian provinces. An environmental scan of primary care teleconsultation platforms was conducted in January 2022 to identify medical teleconsultation platforms in Quebec (Qc), Ontario, and British Columbia (BC). The quality of each teleconsultation platform was assessed using a modified version of the HONcode principles. Nineteen different direct-to-consumer medical teleconsultation platforms were identified across the three provinces. The quality of these teleconsultation platforms was very heterogeneous. The landscape of virtual primary care is changing rapidly in the Canadian ecosystem, and the transparency of current teleconsultation platforms could be improved.
In this paper we propose the Food Interactions with Drugs Evidence Ontology (FIDEO), an ontology ... more In this paper we propose the Food Interactions with Drugs Evidence Ontology (FIDEO), an ontology used for annotation and retrieval of scientific articles about food-drug interactions. Currently available ontologies address mainly drug-drug interactions, but much less attention has been given to clinically significant food-drug interactions. This work proposes an extension of a drug interaction ontology following the METHONTOLOGY methodology with the goal of representing potential drug interactions with foods, food components and food categories. To evaluate the proposed formal ontological model, we discuss the results of populating the ontology with information from manually annotated abstracts and from a compendium.
AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2020
The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main... more The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main objective of the constructed structure is to facilitate the alignment of French local terminologies to LOINC. The process consisted of automatically incorporating the naming rules of LOINC labels, based on punctuation. We implemented these rules and applied them to the French variants of LOINC and then created attributes and concepts described with synonymous labels. When comparing the created attributes to the stated ones, the multiple mappings led to the identification of errors that must be corrected for improving the translation quality. These mappings are consecutive to semantic errors generated during the translation process. They mainly corresponded to misinterpretations of LOINC concepts and/or LOINC attributes.
AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2020
The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main... more The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main objective of the constructed structure is to facilitate the alignment of French local terminologies to LOINC. The process consisted of automatically incorporating the naming rules of LOINC labels, based on punctuation. We implemented these rules and applied them to the French variants of LOINC and then created attributes and concepts described with synonymous labels. When comparing the created attributes to the stated ones, the multiple mappings led to the identification of errors that must be corrected for improving the translation quality. These mappings are consecutive to semantic errors generated during the translation process. They mainly corresponded to misinterpretations of LOINC concepts and/or LOINC attributes.
Multiple Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, 2021
Artificial intelligence in general, and machine learning (ML) techniques in particular, hold the ... more Artificial intelligence in general, and machine learning (ML) techniques in particular, hold the promise of enormous benefits to medication management, both in the hospital or in the community setting. The potential of ML techniques to support the decision making of patients, clinicians, managers and/or policy-makers is massive. However, the learning will only be as good as the data, and the frame problem around medication is still to be addressed. While ML techniques offer a promising response to the various challenges in medication management, their implementation to help daily care faces many barriers. Data quality is key and must be improved, specifically at the point of capture (standardized data, shared data model, etc.), not only in electronic health records but also for all health-related information (e.g., home electronics). In addition, to fully exploit the potential of ML techniques in medication management, specific challenges need to be addressed to ensure that the tool...
Objectives: To compare the representation of medicinal products in RxNorm and SNOMED CT and asses... more Objectives: To compare the representation of medicinal products in RxNorm and SNOMED CT and assess the consequences on interoperability. Methods: To compare the two models, we manually establish equivalences between the types and definitional features of medicinal products entities in RxNorm and SNOMED CT. We highlight their similarities and differences. Results: Both models share major definitional features including ingredient (or substance), strength and dose form. SNOMED CT is more rigorous and better aligned with international standards. In contrast, RxNorm contains implicit knowledge, simplifications and ambiguities, but its model is simpler. Conclusions: Since their models are largely compatible, medicinal products from RxNorm and SNOMED CT are expected to be interoperable. However, specific aspects of the alignment between the two models require particular attention.
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
This paper describes the development and evaluation of a Canadian drug ontology (OCRx), built to ... more This paper describes the development and evaluation of a Canadian drug ontology (OCRx), built to provide a normalized and standardized description of drugs that are authorized to be marketed in Canada. OCRx aims to improve the usability and interoperability of drugs terminologies for a non-ambiguous access to drugs information that is available in electronic health record systems. We present the first release of OCRx that is described in Web Ontology Language and aligned to the Identification of Medicinal Product (IDMP) standards. For comparison purposes, OCRx is mapped to RxNorm, its US variant.
BACKGROUND An increasing number of users are turning to online sources which is a significant sou... more BACKGROUND An increasing number of users are turning to online sources which is a significant source of patient information for healthcare guidance. Thus, trustworthy sources of information should be automatically identifiable using objective criteria. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to automate the assessment of the HONcode criteria, enhancing our ability to pinpoint trustworthy health information sources. METHODS A dataset of 538 webpages displaying health content was collected from 43 health-related websites. HONcode criteria have been split into two levels ((1) webpage and (2) website levels). For the website-level criteria (confidentiality, transparency, financial disclosure, and advertising policy), a bag of keywords has been identified to assess the criteria, and for webpage-level criteria (authority, complementarity, justifiability, and attribution) a machine learning (ML) approach has been used and 200 webpages were manually annotated. For website-level criteria, a ...
BMJ Open, May 1, 2023
Introduction Measuring the performance of interprofessional primary care is needed to examine whe... more Introduction Measuring the performance of interprofessional primary care is needed to examine whether this model of care is achieving its desired outcomes on patient care and health system effectiveness as well as to guide quality improvement initiatives. The aim of this scoping review is to map the literature on primary care performance measurement indicators to determine the extent to which current indicators capture or could be adapted to capture processes, outputs and outcomes that reflect interprofessional primary care. Methods and analysis The review will be guided by the six-stage framework by Arksey and O'Malley (2005). MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, grey literature and the reference list of key studies will be searched to identify any study, published in English or French between 2000 and 2022, related to the concepts of performance indicators, frameworks, interprofessional teams and primary care. Two reviewers will independently screen all abstracts and full-text studies for inclusion. Eligible indicators will be classified according to process, output and outcome domains proposed by two validated frameworks. This study started in November 2022 and is expected to be completed by July 2023. Ethics and dissemination This review does not require ethical approval. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication, conference presentations and presentations to stakeholders.
Social Science Research Network, 2022
Journal of Biomedical Informatics, Oct 1, 2017
In oncology, the reuse of data is confronted with the heterogeneity of terminologies. It is neces... more In oncology, the reuse of data is confronted with the heterogeneity of terminologies. It is necessary to semantically integrate these distinct terminologies. The semantic integration by using a third terminology as a support is a conventional approach for the integration of two terminologies that are not very structured. The aim of our study was to use SNOMED CT for integrating ICD-10 and ICD-O3. We used two complementary resources, mapping tables provided by SNOMED CT and the NCI Metathesaurus, in order to find mappings between ICD-10 or ICD-O3 concepts and SNOMED CT concepts. We used the SNOMED CT structure to filter inconsistent mappings, as well as to disambiguate multiple mappings. Based on the remaining mappings, we used semantic relations from SNOMED CT to establish links between ICD-10 and ICD-O3. Overall, the coverage of ICD-O3 and ICD10 codes was over 88%. Finally, we obtained an integration of 24% (203/852) of ICD-10 concepts with 86% (888/1032) of ICD-O3 morphology concepts combined to 39% (127/330) of ICD-O3 topography concepts. Comparing our results with the 23,684 ICD-O3 pairs mapped to ICD-10 concepts in the SEER conversion file, we found 17,447 pairs of ICD-O3 concepts in common among which 11,932 pairs were integrated with the same ICD-10 concept as the SEER conversion file. The automated process leverages logical definitions of SNOMED CT concepts. While the low quality of some of these definitions impacted negatively the integration process, the identification of such situations made it possible to indirectly audit the structure of SNOMED CT.
A mes fils NIKIEMA Kiswendsida Jean Dyllan et Eliakim Joseph Rayimwende et leur mère Yacine R. OU... more A mes fils NIKIEMA Kiswendsida Jean Dyllan et Eliakim Joseph Rayimwende et leur mère Yacine R. OUEDRAOGO. Dyllan, Eliakim vous êtes ma vie, ma source d'inspiration. C'est pour vous que je me bats, c'est grâce à vous que jamais je ne baisserai les bras. Yacine, tu es mon amour et tu le seras à jamais. Puissions-nous réaliser de grands projets ensemble pour le bonheur de tous A mon père, NIKIEMA Jean-Christophe et ma mère KAFANDO Noélie. Vous avez toujours été un exemple. Votre vision de la vie, votre rigueur et votre affection ont fait de moi l'homme que je suis. Je ne serai jamais assez reconnaissant à votre égard. Mon respect et mon amour pour vous resteront à tout jamais. A mes frères et soeurs, Rosine, Jacqueline, Christelle, Antoine et Richard A mes neveux et nièces Marc-Aurèle, Ariel et Camelia Le diplôme vaut ce que vaut son titulaire, il ne constitue qu'une borne indicatrice amovible, plantée sur la poudre et interminable route du savoir, et qui se déplace vers plus ou moins l'infini selon que l'on continue à s'instruire ou que l'on s'endort sur l'acquis. Nazi Boni Productions scientifiques Articles de revue NIKIEMA Jean Noël, JOUHET Vianney, MOUGIN Fleur. "Integrating cancer diagnosis terminologies based on logical definitions of SNOMED CT concepts".
La pandémie de la COVID-19 exerce une pression importante sur les systèmes de santé à travers le ... more La pandémie de la COVID-19 exerce une pression importante sur les systèmes de santé à travers le monde, lesquels doivent s’adapter à une demande accrue tout en transformant leurs façons de faire pour réduire les risques de propagation du virus. Le numérique (applications, logiciels et réseaux associés) promet de soutenir les organisations, les praticiens et les citoyens via une diversité de capacités pour optimiser la gestion de l’information et soutenir les soins à distance, voire les auto-soins. Une équipe de chercheur·es de l’OBVIA dirigée par Aude Motulsky et Philipe Després a entrepris une veille numérique en lien avec la gestion de la COVID-19 dès le début du mois de mars, afin de dresser les contours des transformations numériques en cours au Canada, et exposer des observations et constats préliminaires qui permettent d’identifier des pistes de recherche et actions à prioriser pour mobiliser le potentiel tout en limitant les conséquences indésirables. Le rapport présente la d...
Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research), Mar 1, 2022
Dans le domaine de la santé, il existe un nombre très important de sources de connaissances, qui ... more Dans le domaine de la santé, il existe un nombre très important de sources de connaissances, qui vont de simples terminologies, classifications et vocabulaires contrôlés à des représentations très formelles, que sont les ontologies. Cette hétérogénéité des sources de connaissances pose le problème de l’utilisation secondaire des données, et en particulier de l’exploitation de données hétérogènes dans le cadre de la médecine personnalisée ou translationnelle. En effet, les données à utiliser peuvent être codées par des sources de connaissances décrivant la même notion clinique de manière différente ou décrivant des notions distinctes mais complémentaires.Pour répondre au besoin d’utilisation conjointe des sources de connaissances encodant les données de santé, nous avons étudié trois processus permettant de répondre aux conflits sémantiques (difficultés résultant de leur mise en relation) : (1) l’alignement qui consiste à créer des relations de mappings (équivalence et/ou subsumption...
JAMIA Open, 2021
Objective Our study consists in aligning the interface terminology of the Bordeaux university hos... more Objective Our study consists in aligning the interface terminology of the Bordeaux university hospital (TLAB) to the Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC). The objective was to facilitate the shared and integrated use of biological results with other health information systems. Materials and Methods We used an innovative approach based on a decomposition and re-composition of LOINC concepts according to the transversal relations that may be described between LOINC concepts and their definitional attributes. TLAB entities were first anchored to LOINC attributes and then aligned to LOINC concepts through the appropriate combination of definitional attributes. Finally, using laboratory results of the Bordeaux data-warehouse, an instance-based filtering process has been applied. Results We found a small overlap between the tokens constituting the labels of TLAB and LOINC. However, the TLAB entities have been easily aligned to LOINC attributes. Thus, 99.8% of TLAB entit...
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
The objective of this study was to describe and assess the quality of the direct-to-consumer medi... more The objective of this study was to describe and assess the quality of the direct-to-consumer medical teleconsultation landscape in three Canadian provinces. An environmental scan of primary care teleconsultation platforms was conducted in January 2022 to identify medical teleconsultation platforms in Quebec (Qc), Ontario, and British Columbia (BC). The quality of each teleconsultation platform was assessed using a modified version of the HONcode principles. Nineteen different direct-to-consumer medical teleconsultation platforms were identified across the three provinces. The quality of these teleconsultation platforms was very heterogeneous. The landscape of virtual primary care is changing rapidly in the Canadian ecosystem, and the transparency of current teleconsultation platforms could be improved.
In this paper we propose the Food Interactions with Drugs Evidence Ontology (FIDEO), an ontology ... more In this paper we propose the Food Interactions with Drugs Evidence Ontology (FIDEO), an ontology used for annotation and retrieval of scientific articles about food-drug interactions. Currently available ontologies address mainly drug-drug interactions, but much less attention has been given to clinically significant food-drug interactions. This work proposes an extension of a drug interaction ontology following the METHONTOLOGY methodology with the goal of representing potential drug interactions with foods, food components and food categories. To evaluate the proposed formal ontological model, we discuss the results of populating the ontology with information from manually annotated abstracts and from a compendium.
AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2020
The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main... more The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main objective of the constructed structure is to facilitate the alignment of French local terminologies to LOINC. The process consisted of automatically incorporating the naming rules of LOINC labels, based on punctuation. We implemented these rules and applied them to the French variants of LOINC and then created attributes and concepts described with synonymous labels. When comparing the created attributes to the stated ones, the multiple mappings led to the identification of errors that must be corrected for improving the translation quality. These mappings are consecutive to semantic errors generated during the translation process. They mainly corresponded to misinterpretations of LOINC concepts and/or LOINC attributes.
AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium, 2020
The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main... more The aim of our study was to create a graph model for the description of LOINC® concepts. The main objective of the constructed structure is to facilitate the alignment of French local terminologies to LOINC. The process consisted of automatically incorporating the naming rules of LOINC labels, based on punctuation. We implemented these rules and applied them to the French variants of LOINC and then created attributes and concepts described with synonymous labels. When comparing the created attributes to the stated ones, the multiple mappings led to the identification of errors that must be corrected for improving the translation quality. These mappings are consecutive to semantic errors generated during the translation process. They mainly corresponded to misinterpretations of LOINC concepts and/or LOINC attributes.
Multiple Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare, 2021
Artificial intelligence in general, and machine learning (ML) techniques in particular, hold the ... more Artificial intelligence in general, and machine learning (ML) techniques in particular, hold the promise of enormous benefits to medication management, both in the hospital or in the community setting. The potential of ML techniques to support the decision making of patients, clinicians, managers and/or policy-makers is massive. However, the learning will only be as good as the data, and the frame problem around medication is still to be addressed. While ML techniques offer a promising response to the various challenges in medication management, their implementation to help daily care faces many barriers. Data quality is key and must be improved, specifically at the point of capture (standardized data, shared data model, etc.), not only in electronic health records but also for all health-related information (e.g., home electronics). In addition, to fully exploit the potential of ML techniques in medication management, specific challenges need to be addressed to ensure that the tool...
Objectives: To compare the representation of medicinal products in RxNorm and SNOMED CT and asses... more Objectives: To compare the representation of medicinal products in RxNorm and SNOMED CT and assess the consequences on interoperability. Methods: To compare the two models, we manually establish equivalences between the types and definitional features of medicinal products entities in RxNorm and SNOMED CT. We highlight their similarities and differences. Results: Both models share major definitional features including ingredient (or substance), strength and dose form. SNOMED CT is more rigorous and better aligned with international standards. In contrast, RxNorm contains implicit knowledge, simplifications and ambiguities, but its model is simpler. Conclusions: Since their models are largely compatible, medicinal products from RxNorm and SNOMED CT are expected to be interoperable. However, specific aspects of the alignment between the two models require particular attention.
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
This paper describes the development and evaluation of a Canadian drug ontology (OCRx), built to ... more This paper describes the development and evaluation of a Canadian drug ontology (OCRx), built to provide a normalized and standardized description of drugs that are authorized to be marketed in Canada. OCRx aims to improve the usability and interoperability of drugs terminologies for a non-ambiguous access to drugs information that is available in electronic health record systems. We present the first release of OCRx that is described in Web Ontology Language and aligned to the Identification of Medicinal Product (IDMP) standards. For comparison purposes, OCRx is mapped to RxNorm, its US variant.