Jean-françois Roulet - Profile on Academia.edu (original) (raw)

ARTICLES-COMPLETE LIST by Jean-françois Roulet

Research paper thumbnail of Relation between Handling Characteristics and Application Time of Four Photo-polymerized Resin Composites.

Objective: To investigate the relation between handling characteristics and application time of f... more Objective: To investigate the relation between handling characteristics and application time of four composite materials with subjectively different viscosities. Methods: Eight experienced faculty members placed one Class II and one Class IV restoration in a random sequence into pre-prepared plastic teeth mounted on a typodont model, each using 4 types of composites (Herculite Précis (M1), Kerr; Tertic N-Ceram (M2), Ivoclar Vivadent; Filtek Z350 (M3), 3M-ESPE; Charisma Opal (M4), HareausKulzer), resulting in a total of 64 restorations placed. The application process was filmed with a high definition video camera. Two evaluators watched the recordings in a random sequence as well, timed the composite application and wrote down their observations, which were dichotomized into positive and negative ones. Application times were analysed with two-way Kruskal Wallis test (time x dentist) and the observation data were analysed with chi square test (P < 0.05).

Papers by Jean-françois Roulet

Research paper thumbnail of Degree of Conversion of Resin-Based Luting Materials Containing Alternative Photoinitiators

Degree of Conversion of Resin-Based Luting Materials Containing Alternative Photoinitiators

Dental Materials, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of A Novel in vitro Microbial-Based Model for Studying Caries Formation – Development and Initial Testing

A Novel in vitro Microbial-Based Model for Studying Caries Formation – Development and Initial Testing

Caries Research, 2005

We report on the development and the initial testing of a new microbial-based caries model. Speci... more We report on the development and the initial testing of a new microbial-based caries model. Specimens were fixed on a rotating mount within a reaction chamber hermetically surrounded by a sterilised glove box. A cariogenic environment was obtained by inoculation with Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) combined with a continuously repeating supply of sucrose solution, trypticase soy broth and artificial saliva applied by dripping. Twenty-five caries-free upper premolars were used. The mesial parts of the occlusal fissures had been sealed with a resin-based fissure sealant (test group 1). To produce marginal gaps, the distal parts had been moistened with saliva before resin application (test group 2). Five teeth served as control and were exposed to all fluids under sterile conditions before being removed from the system after 7 days. Test specimens were infected with S. mutans and were incubated for another 14 days. No unintentional contamination occurred during the 3-week period of operation. Demineralizations were evaluated by using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Only the test specimens showed clearly visible signs of biofilm formation and caries-like lesions. The mean primary lesion depth did not differ significantly between test groups. Wall lesion depths and surface areas of demineralizations underneath the fissure sealants were significantly higher in test group 2. Thus, our model allows the simultaneous production of primary and secondary caries-like enamel lesions in a considerable number of specimens and facilitates the possibility to manipulate and transfer them without necessarily terminating the experiment, opening new possibilities for in vitro caries research.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a novel restorative protocol to treat non-carious cervical lesion associated with gingival recession: a 2-year follow-up randomized clinical trial

Evaluation of a novel restorative protocol to treat non-carious cervical lesion associated with gingival recession: a 2-year follow-up randomized clinical trial

Clinical Oral Investigations, Dec 3, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Open Access Publishing

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2016

At least once a week I get an e-mail inviting me to become editor/reviewer or author of a scienti... more At least once a week I get an e-mail inviting me to become editor/reviewer or author of a scientific journal. They all are open access journals, which means that their content is available without restrictions or fees through the internet. This concept goes back to the Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002)1, which stated the following: " its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself "1. The basic idea behind is that knowledge should be publicly accessible and no barriers such as subscription fees should prevent the dissemination of knowledge. This is a very noble and idealistic thought which has been perverted by many mechanisms. A famous American economist has once stated "There is nothing but a free meal!" This means that someone has to pay for it! In the classical world the publisher pays for the production cost, which includes the peer review system, which is usually done for free by voluntary reviewers, who are usually managed by an academic who acts as Editor for a symbolic honorarium. The financial source for such an allowance is usually the subscription fee. The negative side is that big publishers offer to University libraries only packages, which usually include many Journals that the university does not want. Knowing this, one can say that in the traditional way the academic and the scientific institutions widely support the worldwide dissemination of knowledge. So it is understandable that Universities usually like the open access approach. However, the world is not just black and white. In the open access world there has been a reversal of financing practices. There the author must pay for the publication, which favors wealthy authors. The University of Florida (UF) has just launched an initiative to support UF members to publish in open access journals, which costs the UF 120'000$/year. It is substantially less than the cost of the traditional libraries. Furthermore, in the US grants traditionally pay for publication costs. But open access has also created "predator journals" where, with murky methods and shady or absent reviews, some publishers make fortunes on the back of the authors. Some of these Journals require submission fees, some ask for high publication fees, once the paper is accepted and some save by doing very sloppy reviews or none at all. The experiment of John Bohannon2 clearly shows how dangerous this route may be. John Bohannon decided to create a fake paper with such grave errors that a competent reviewer should easily detect and thus recommend its rejection: "The Paper took this form: Molecule X from lichen species Y inhibits the growth of cancer cell Z. To substitute those variables I created a database of molecules, lichens, and cancer cell lines and wrote a computer program to generate hundreds of unique papers. Other than those differences, the scientific content of each paper is identical."1 He then created fictitious authors and institutions mainly in the developing world by permuting names and inventing institutions. To camouflage his good English, he had Google translate it into French and then

Research paper thumbnail of Erratum: Parameters influencing increase in pulp chamber temperature with light-curing devices: Curing lights and pulpal flow rates (Operative Dentistry (2010) 35. :3 (353-361)

Erratum: Parameters influencing increase in pulp chamber temperature with light-curing devices: Curing lights and pulpal flow rates (Operative Dentistry (2010) 35. :3 (353-361)

Research paper thumbnail of Bulk-Fill Composites Based on an Elastomeric Methacrylate Monomer

Dental Materials, 2019

d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 3 5 ( S 1 ) ( 2 0 1 9 ) e1-e49 Conclusions: All experimental groups... more d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 3 5 ( S 1 ) ( 2 0 1 9 ) e1-e49 Conclusions: All experimental groups treated with hydrogen peroxide showed a significant bleaching effect. However, the addition of the catalyst MP resulted two times greater bleaching effect than when no catalysis was performed. (FAPESP -2015/17107-8).

Research paper thumbnail of Nomen est omen - the difficult scientific classification of materials

Research paper thumbnail of Why Peer Review?

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2014

Dear Readers, As dentists we are part of the medical community. We are the experts in everything ... more Dear Readers, As dentists we are part of the medical community. We are the experts in everything related to the health of the oral cavity and its surroundings. Therefore ethical guidelines require us to deliver treatment or provide advice of the highest quality for the benefit of our patients. This sounds great; however it includes an inherent conflict: how to define quality. This is very difficult in medicine and dentistry. Quality may be divided into process quality (in simple terms: do the right thing) and outcome quality (in simple terms: do it right). Both need definitions, what is good or bad; and this is where the problem sits. Once upon a time our teachers were setting the requirement for what is considered good quality, often based on their opinion, and we students had to comply. These days things got more complicated. We need to base our definitions on facts or results based on experiments. For dental care and medicine the ultimate measurement of good quality is the survival of the restoration or the patient after an intervention or therapy. "Evidence based" is the magic word here. However we cannot base all our doing only on results of clinical studies, as we would postpone good treatment options to our patients for years. Therefore we need to accept lower evidence levels such as in vitro studies as well, to make up our mind. In the age of the internet information is available instantaneously and globally, which is a very good thing. The back side of this is the information overload and the black side is that the average user cannot distinguish anymore which information is relevant or true, or which information is pure claim or just intended to motivate the target reader to use it, or to use the product described. This is where peer review becomes important. Anders Linde, the Editor of the European Journal of Oral Sciences once stated: "Nothing is scientifically shown or proven before it has been published in a scientific journal with a peer review system, so one can critically judge what was done, how it was done and evaluate how solid it is." The application of this by an editorial team means that a group of experts in the field (the peers) will have very carefully looked at every document which is finally published. They will check if the information provided is new, if the formatting is correct, if the language is used correctly, if the methods used make sense and are free of bias. Statisticians will look at the results to make sure that the outcome is really a function of the experimental variables. The experts will also ask themselves "Does it make sense?" and will critically look at results which may significantly differ from other similar tests. Finally, the editorial team will make sure that the conclusions drawn are strictly related to the outcome of the experiments. If there are questions, which is almost always the case, then the authors are challenged to address them. These are a few facts that make the difference between a non peer reviewed publication and a peer reviewed publication. Of course during the review process some manuscripts get rejected. These are the ones that do not fulfill the quality requirements or do not survive the critical review because of incurable flaws (mostly in the methodology). Notwithstanding, the main objective of the review process is to improve the quality of the manuscript, so you, readers, can trust the information provided. So, in order to be credible, there is no alternative to peer review!

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxeorientierte rekonstruktive Konzepte

Prophylaxeorientierte rekonstruktive Konzepte

Prophylaxe und Präventivzahnmedizin, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Recommendations for conducting controlled clinical studies of dental restorative materials

Clinical Oral Investigations, Feb 12, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Contemporary clinical practice

Contemporary clinical practice

Quintessence Pub. Co. eBooks, 2001

Protection of dentin and pulp protection of the pulp-dentin complex with adhesive resins moisture... more Protection of dentin and pulp protection of the pulp-dentin complex with adhesive resins moisture management with rubber dam in operative dentistry tissue and moisture management in operative dentistry esthetic anterior restorations direct posterior restorations-techniques for effective placement the "composite-up" technique for direct posterior restorations materials and luting cements for indirect restorations indirect restorations for anterior teeth - space - the eternal problem the control and maintenance of dentoperiodontal relationships advances in bonded ceramic restorations for the anterior dentition computer veneers with the cerec 3 esthetic posterior indirect restorations bonded partial restorations for endodontically treated teeth the oral and dental effects of aging operative treatment for elderly people managing of fractured and worn teeth in elderly patients conservative dentistry - educational patterns in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of Challenges of the future

Challenges of the future

Quintessence Pub. Co. eBooks, 2001

Prevention of dental caries prevention-practical aspects methods for caries detection assessment ... more Prevention of dental caries prevention-practical aspects methods for caries detection assessment of caries risk in the clinic - a modern approach decision making in restorative dentistry initial management - to drill or not to drill? replacement or repair of dental restorations biological aspects - effects of restorative materials adhesion new materials and techniques efficiency of new enamel-dentin bonding systems improving outcome - anterior restorations conservative treatments in the esthetic zone improving outcome - posterior restorations posterior esthetics with composite resins longevity of restorations quality guidelines of operative dentistry - the Swiss approach.

Research paper thumbnail of These Dental Manufacturers have joined Operative Dentistry in our commitment to publish quality dental literature in a timely manner. We thank them for their support

These Dental Manufacturers have joined Operative Dentistry in our commitment to publish quality dental literature in a timely manner. We thank them for their support

Operative Dentistry publishes articles that advance the practice of operative dentistry. The scop... more Operative Dentistry publishes articles that advance the practice of operative dentistry. The scope of the journal includes conservation and restoration of teeth; the scientific foundation of operative dental therapy; dental materials; dental education; and the social, political, and economic aspects of dental practice. Review papers, book reviews, letters, and classified ads for faculty positions are also published.

Research paper thumbnail of Teamwork

Teamwork

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Transparency in peer review

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2019

Review is something that can have all shades of grey, even black. The black ones are allegedly re... more Review is something that can have all shades of grey, even black. The black ones are allegedly reviewed, unfortunately a practice that can be observed in the literature. I can read "peer reviewed" published papers where I wonder if anybody with a functioning brain has ever read it. In the grey area, you find things as if copied from an advertisement: "Reduce the editorial time by proactively inviting the articles reviewed via our tools and reports" or "…article reports for language, plagiarism, reference accuracy & actuality will also help you to review the articles". This sounds as if machines were doing the review. My question is whether this software has the finesse of your trade. The next version is the editor' s review. An editor may be excellent in picking up flawed language or unprecise diction. But again, no editor may be that smart and knowledgeable in order to pick scientific errors in a very specialized area of dentistry. Therefore, we rely on peer review, which means that the editor has a list of potential reviewers that are actively working on the specialty of the manuscript that needs to be reviewed. The backside of this approach is that the more qualified and specialized such a person is, the busier he/she usually is. Consequently, it has become a real pain to find good reviewers, willing to read and evaluate a manuscript in a relatively short time. In order to improve the peer review process, we decided to do a major investment and purchase the Manuscript Manager (www.manuscriptmanager.com). I can proudly announce that the Issue Stomatology Edu Journal 2019; 6 (1) is the first issue that was produced with manuscripts that were processed with the Manuscript Manager. Once a manuscript is submitted by an author, the editor is automatically warned by an e-mail, which reduces the waiting time to be processed. The editor gets all the files in the original for the initial formal assessment. Then based on the content of the manuscript, the editor can select from a databank of specialized reviewers the best for the given manuscript. In the reviewer databank the qualification as well as the review history is visible on a click. Once selected, the potential reviewers are linked to the manuscript, while in the background the system compiles a pdf file for the reviewers. The editor can now create a priority list for the selected reviewers and invite the two most prominent ones for the review. With another click, an e-mail is created to invite the reviewer and the PDF file is automatically attached. The powerful thing about the Manuscript Manager is that it can be programmed to remind the invited reviewers if they did not answer or if they are late with submitting the review. Furthermore, the system switches automatically to the next reviewer on the list, if some time limits established for the reviewers are exceeded. By doing this we do not unnecessarily waste some time. Once two reviews are returned, again the editor gets an e-mail "decision required. If a revision is needed, which is most often the case, usually, if the authors follow the instructions to create a table with the reviewers' comments, the authors' reaction and actions, the editor is then able to come up with a decision, which follows the mechanisms described above. On top of this, the system automatically keeps a log book of the events. The editor can exactly follow every step of the process and follow all e-mails exchanged as well. Thus, we get the guarantee that the peer review was done well and we also have transparency. Summa summarum, with this outstanding tool we can serve the readers better with quality checked manuscripts and the authors with a transparent procedure. If needed, we can document the process for every single manuscript, which is important to position the Stomatology Edu Journal on a high scientific level.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of preheating on mechanical properties of a resin-based composite containing elastomeric urethane monomer

Effect of preheating on mechanical properties of a resin-based composite containing elastomeric urethane monomer

Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, May 1, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Advances in Operative Dentistry, Volume 2: Challenges of the Future

Research paper thumbnail of Recommendations for Conducting Controlled Clinical Studies of Dental Restorative Materials Science Committee Project 2/98 - FDI World Dental Federation Study Design (Part I) and Criteria for Evaluation (Part II) of Direct and Indirect Restorations Including Onlays and Partial Crowns

Recommendations for Conducting Controlled Clinical Studies of Dental Restorative Materials Science Committee Project 2/98 - FDI World Dental Federation Study Design (Part I) and Criteria for Evaluation (Part II) of Direct and Indirect Restorations Including Onlays and Partial Crowns

Journal of Adhesive Dentistry, 2007

About 35 years ago, Ryge provided a practical approach to the evaluation of the clinical performa... more About 35 years ago, Ryge provided a practical approach to the evaluation of the clinical performance of restorative materials. This systematic approach was soon universally accepted. While that methodology has served us well, a large number of scientific methodologies and more detailed questions have arisen that require more rigor. Current restorative materials have vastly improved clinical performance, and any changes over time are not easily detected by the limited sensitivity of the Ryge criteria in short-term clinical investigations. However, the clinical evaluation of restorations not only involves the restorative material per se but also different operative techniques. For instance, a composite resin may show good longevity data when applied in conventional cavities but not in modified operative approaches. Insensitivity, combined with the continually evolving and nonstandard investigator modifications of the categories, scales, and reporting methods, has created a body of literature that is extremely difficult to interpret meaningfully. In many cases, the insensitivity of the original Ryge methods leads to misinterpretation as good clinical performance. While there are many good features of the original system, it is now time to move on to a more contemporary one. The current review approaches this challenge in two ways: (1) a proposal for a modern clinical testing protocol for controlled clinical trials, and (2) an in-depth discussion of relevant clinical evaluation parameters, providing 84 references that are primarily related to issues or problems for clinical research trials. Together, these two parts offer a standard for the clinical testing of restorative materials/procedures and provide significant guidance for research teams in the design and conduct of contemporary clinical trials. Part 1 of the review considers the recruitment of subjects, restorations per subject, clinical events, validity versus bias, legal and regulatory aspects, rationales for clinical trial designs, guidelines for design, randomization, number of subjects, characteristics of participants, clinical assessment, standards and calibration, categories for assessment, criteria for evaluation, and supplemental documentation. Part 2 of the review considers categories of assessment for esthetic evaluation, functional assessment, biological responses to restorative materials, and statistical analysis of results. The overall review represents a considerable effort to include a range of clinical research interests over the past years. As part of the recognition of the importance of these suggestions, the review is being published simultaneously in identical form in both the Journal of Adhesive Dentistry and Clinical Oral Investigations. Additionally, an extended abstract will be published in the International Dental Journal, giving a link to the web full version. This should help to introduce these considerations more quickly to the scientific community.

Research paper thumbnail of Infektionsprophylaxe in der zahnärztlichen Chirurgie

Infektionsprophylaxe in der zahnärztlichen Chirurgie

Research paper thumbnail of Relation between Handling Characteristics and Application Time of Four Photo-polymerized Resin Composites.

Objective: To investigate the relation between handling characteristics and application time of f... more Objective: To investigate the relation between handling characteristics and application time of four composite materials with subjectively different viscosities. Methods: Eight experienced faculty members placed one Class II and one Class IV restoration in a random sequence into pre-prepared plastic teeth mounted on a typodont model, each using 4 types of composites (Herculite Précis (M1), Kerr; Tertic N-Ceram (M2), Ivoclar Vivadent; Filtek Z350 (M3), 3M-ESPE; Charisma Opal (M4), HareausKulzer), resulting in a total of 64 restorations placed. The application process was filmed with a high definition video camera. Two evaluators watched the recordings in a random sequence as well, timed the composite application and wrote down their observations, which were dichotomized into positive and negative ones. Application times were analysed with two-way Kruskal Wallis test (time x dentist) and the observation data were analysed with chi square test (P < 0.05).

Research paper thumbnail of Degree of Conversion of Resin-Based Luting Materials Containing Alternative Photoinitiators

Degree of Conversion of Resin-Based Luting Materials Containing Alternative Photoinitiators

Dental Materials, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of A Novel in vitro Microbial-Based Model for Studying Caries Formation – Development and Initial Testing

A Novel in vitro Microbial-Based Model for Studying Caries Formation – Development and Initial Testing

Caries Research, 2005

We report on the development and the initial testing of a new microbial-based caries model. Speci... more We report on the development and the initial testing of a new microbial-based caries model. Specimens were fixed on a rotating mount within a reaction chamber hermetically surrounded by a sterilised glove box. A cariogenic environment was obtained by inoculation with Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175) combined with a continuously repeating supply of sucrose solution, trypticase soy broth and artificial saliva applied by dripping. Twenty-five caries-free upper premolars were used. The mesial parts of the occlusal fissures had been sealed with a resin-based fissure sealant (test group 1). To produce marginal gaps, the distal parts had been moistened with saliva before resin application (test group 2). Five teeth served as control and were exposed to all fluids under sterile conditions before being removed from the system after 7 days. Test specimens were infected with S. mutans and were incubated for another 14 days. No unintentional contamination occurred during the 3-week period of operation. Demineralizations were evaluated by using confocal laser scanning microscopy. Only the test specimens showed clearly visible signs of biofilm formation and caries-like lesions. The mean primary lesion depth did not differ significantly between test groups. Wall lesion depths and surface areas of demineralizations underneath the fissure sealants were significantly higher in test group 2. Thus, our model allows the simultaneous production of primary and secondary caries-like enamel lesions in a considerable number of specimens and facilitates the possibility to manipulate and transfer them without necessarily terminating the experiment, opening new possibilities for in vitro caries research.

Research paper thumbnail of Evaluation of a novel restorative protocol to treat non-carious cervical lesion associated with gingival recession: a 2-year follow-up randomized clinical trial

Evaluation of a novel restorative protocol to treat non-carious cervical lesion associated with gingival recession: a 2-year follow-up randomized clinical trial

Clinical Oral Investigations, Dec 3, 2022

Research paper thumbnail of Open Access Publishing

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2016

At least once a week I get an e-mail inviting me to become editor/reviewer or author of a scienti... more At least once a week I get an e-mail inviting me to become editor/reviewer or author of a scientific journal. They all are open access journals, which means that their content is available without restrictions or fees through the internet. This concept goes back to the Budapest Open Access Initiative (2002)1, which stated the following: " its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself "1. The basic idea behind is that knowledge should be publicly accessible and no barriers such as subscription fees should prevent the dissemination of knowledge. This is a very noble and idealistic thought which has been perverted by many mechanisms. A famous American economist has once stated "There is nothing but a free meal!" This means that someone has to pay for it! In the classical world the publisher pays for the production cost, which includes the peer review system, which is usually done for free by voluntary reviewers, who are usually managed by an academic who acts as Editor for a symbolic honorarium. The financial source for such an allowance is usually the subscription fee. The negative side is that big publishers offer to University libraries only packages, which usually include many Journals that the university does not want. Knowing this, one can say that in the traditional way the academic and the scientific institutions widely support the worldwide dissemination of knowledge. So it is understandable that Universities usually like the open access approach. However, the world is not just black and white. In the open access world there has been a reversal of financing practices. There the author must pay for the publication, which favors wealthy authors. The University of Florida (UF) has just launched an initiative to support UF members to publish in open access journals, which costs the UF 120'000$/year. It is substantially less than the cost of the traditional libraries. Furthermore, in the US grants traditionally pay for publication costs. But open access has also created "predator journals" where, with murky methods and shady or absent reviews, some publishers make fortunes on the back of the authors. Some of these Journals require submission fees, some ask for high publication fees, once the paper is accepted and some save by doing very sloppy reviews or none at all. The experiment of John Bohannon2 clearly shows how dangerous this route may be. John Bohannon decided to create a fake paper with such grave errors that a competent reviewer should easily detect and thus recommend its rejection: "The Paper took this form: Molecule X from lichen species Y inhibits the growth of cancer cell Z. To substitute those variables I created a database of molecules, lichens, and cancer cell lines and wrote a computer program to generate hundreds of unique papers. Other than those differences, the scientific content of each paper is identical."1 He then created fictitious authors and institutions mainly in the developing world by permuting names and inventing institutions. To camouflage his good English, he had Google translate it into French and then

Research paper thumbnail of Erratum: Parameters influencing increase in pulp chamber temperature with light-curing devices: Curing lights and pulpal flow rates (Operative Dentistry (2010) 35. :3 (353-361)

Erratum: Parameters influencing increase in pulp chamber temperature with light-curing devices: Curing lights and pulpal flow rates (Operative Dentistry (2010) 35. :3 (353-361)

Research paper thumbnail of Bulk-Fill Composites Based on an Elastomeric Methacrylate Monomer

Dental Materials, 2019

d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 3 5 ( S 1 ) ( 2 0 1 9 ) e1-e49 Conclusions: All experimental groups... more d e n t a l m a t e r i a l s 3 5 ( S 1 ) ( 2 0 1 9 ) e1-e49 Conclusions: All experimental groups treated with hydrogen peroxide showed a significant bleaching effect. However, the addition of the catalyst MP resulted two times greater bleaching effect than when no catalysis was performed. (FAPESP -2015/17107-8).

Research paper thumbnail of Nomen est omen - the difficult scientific classification of materials

Research paper thumbnail of Why Peer Review?

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2014

Dear Readers, As dentists we are part of the medical community. We are the experts in everything ... more Dear Readers, As dentists we are part of the medical community. We are the experts in everything related to the health of the oral cavity and its surroundings. Therefore ethical guidelines require us to deliver treatment or provide advice of the highest quality for the benefit of our patients. This sounds great; however it includes an inherent conflict: how to define quality. This is very difficult in medicine and dentistry. Quality may be divided into process quality (in simple terms: do the right thing) and outcome quality (in simple terms: do it right). Both need definitions, what is good or bad; and this is where the problem sits. Once upon a time our teachers were setting the requirement for what is considered good quality, often based on their opinion, and we students had to comply. These days things got more complicated. We need to base our definitions on facts or results based on experiments. For dental care and medicine the ultimate measurement of good quality is the survival of the restoration or the patient after an intervention or therapy. "Evidence based" is the magic word here. However we cannot base all our doing only on results of clinical studies, as we would postpone good treatment options to our patients for years. Therefore we need to accept lower evidence levels such as in vitro studies as well, to make up our mind. In the age of the internet information is available instantaneously and globally, which is a very good thing. The back side of this is the information overload and the black side is that the average user cannot distinguish anymore which information is relevant or true, or which information is pure claim or just intended to motivate the target reader to use it, or to use the product described. This is where peer review becomes important. Anders Linde, the Editor of the European Journal of Oral Sciences once stated: "Nothing is scientifically shown or proven before it has been published in a scientific journal with a peer review system, so one can critically judge what was done, how it was done and evaluate how solid it is." The application of this by an editorial team means that a group of experts in the field (the peers) will have very carefully looked at every document which is finally published. They will check if the information provided is new, if the formatting is correct, if the language is used correctly, if the methods used make sense and are free of bias. Statisticians will look at the results to make sure that the outcome is really a function of the experimental variables. The experts will also ask themselves "Does it make sense?" and will critically look at results which may significantly differ from other similar tests. Finally, the editorial team will make sure that the conclusions drawn are strictly related to the outcome of the experiments. If there are questions, which is almost always the case, then the authors are challenged to address them. These are a few facts that make the difference between a non peer reviewed publication and a peer reviewed publication. Of course during the review process some manuscripts get rejected. These are the ones that do not fulfill the quality requirements or do not survive the critical review because of incurable flaws (mostly in the methodology). Notwithstanding, the main objective of the review process is to improve the quality of the manuscript, so you, readers, can trust the information provided. So, in order to be credible, there is no alternative to peer review!

Research paper thumbnail of Prophylaxeorientierte rekonstruktive Konzepte

Prophylaxeorientierte rekonstruktive Konzepte

Prophylaxe und Präventivzahnmedizin, 2002

Research paper thumbnail of Recommendations for conducting controlled clinical studies of dental restorative materials

Clinical Oral Investigations, Feb 12, 2008

Research paper thumbnail of Contemporary clinical practice

Contemporary clinical practice

Quintessence Pub. Co. eBooks, 2001

Protection of dentin and pulp protection of the pulp-dentin complex with adhesive resins moisture... more Protection of dentin and pulp protection of the pulp-dentin complex with adhesive resins moisture management with rubber dam in operative dentistry tissue and moisture management in operative dentistry esthetic anterior restorations direct posterior restorations-techniques for effective placement the "composite-up" technique for direct posterior restorations materials and luting cements for indirect restorations indirect restorations for anterior teeth - space - the eternal problem the control and maintenance of dentoperiodontal relationships advances in bonded ceramic restorations for the anterior dentition computer veneers with the cerec 3 esthetic posterior indirect restorations bonded partial restorations for endodontically treated teeth the oral and dental effects of aging operative treatment for elderly people managing of fractured and worn teeth in elderly patients conservative dentistry - educational patterns in Europe.

Research paper thumbnail of Challenges of the future

Challenges of the future

Quintessence Pub. Co. eBooks, 2001

Prevention of dental caries prevention-practical aspects methods for caries detection assessment ... more Prevention of dental caries prevention-practical aspects methods for caries detection assessment of caries risk in the clinic - a modern approach decision making in restorative dentistry initial management - to drill or not to drill? replacement or repair of dental restorations biological aspects - effects of restorative materials adhesion new materials and techniques efficiency of new enamel-dentin bonding systems improving outcome - anterior restorations conservative treatments in the esthetic zone improving outcome - posterior restorations posterior esthetics with composite resins longevity of restorations quality guidelines of operative dentistry - the Swiss approach.

Research paper thumbnail of These Dental Manufacturers have joined Operative Dentistry in our commitment to publish quality dental literature in a timely manner. We thank them for their support

These Dental Manufacturers have joined Operative Dentistry in our commitment to publish quality dental literature in a timely manner. We thank them for their support

Operative Dentistry publishes articles that advance the practice of operative dentistry. The scop... more Operative Dentistry publishes articles that advance the practice of operative dentistry. The scope of the journal includes conservation and restoration of teeth; the scientific foundation of operative dental therapy; dental materials; dental education; and the social, political, and economic aspects of dental practice. Review papers, book reviews, letters, and classified ads for faculty positions are also published.

Research paper thumbnail of Teamwork

Teamwork

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2017

Research paper thumbnail of Transparency in peer review

Stomatology Edu Journal, 2019

Review is something that can have all shades of grey, even black. The black ones are allegedly re... more Review is something that can have all shades of grey, even black. The black ones are allegedly reviewed, unfortunately a practice that can be observed in the literature. I can read "peer reviewed" published papers where I wonder if anybody with a functioning brain has ever read it. In the grey area, you find things as if copied from an advertisement: "Reduce the editorial time by proactively inviting the articles reviewed via our tools and reports" or "…article reports for language, plagiarism, reference accuracy & actuality will also help you to review the articles". This sounds as if machines were doing the review. My question is whether this software has the finesse of your trade. The next version is the editor' s review. An editor may be excellent in picking up flawed language or unprecise diction. But again, no editor may be that smart and knowledgeable in order to pick scientific errors in a very specialized area of dentistry. Therefore, we rely on peer review, which means that the editor has a list of potential reviewers that are actively working on the specialty of the manuscript that needs to be reviewed. The backside of this approach is that the more qualified and specialized such a person is, the busier he/she usually is. Consequently, it has become a real pain to find good reviewers, willing to read and evaluate a manuscript in a relatively short time. In order to improve the peer review process, we decided to do a major investment and purchase the Manuscript Manager (www.manuscriptmanager.com). I can proudly announce that the Issue Stomatology Edu Journal 2019; 6 (1) is the first issue that was produced with manuscripts that were processed with the Manuscript Manager. Once a manuscript is submitted by an author, the editor is automatically warned by an e-mail, which reduces the waiting time to be processed. The editor gets all the files in the original for the initial formal assessment. Then based on the content of the manuscript, the editor can select from a databank of specialized reviewers the best for the given manuscript. In the reviewer databank the qualification as well as the review history is visible on a click. Once selected, the potential reviewers are linked to the manuscript, while in the background the system compiles a pdf file for the reviewers. The editor can now create a priority list for the selected reviewers and invite the two most prominent ones for the review. With another click, an e-mail is created to invite the reviewer and the PDF file is automatically attached. The powerful thing about the Manuscript Manager is that it can be programmed to remind the invited reviewers if they did not answer or if they are late with submitting the review. Furthermore, the system switches automatically to the next reviewer on the list, if some time limits established for the reviewers are exceeded. By doing this we do not unnecessarily waste some time. Once two reviews are returned, again the editor gets an e-mail "decision required. If a revision is needed, which is most often the case, usually, if the authors follow the instructions to create a table with the reviewers' comments, the authors' reaction and actions, the editor is then able to come up with a decision, which follows the mechanisms described above. On top of this, the system automatically keeps a log book of the events. The editor can exactly follow every step of the process and follow all e-mails exchanged as well. Thus, we get the guarantee that the peer review was done well and we also have transparency. Summa summarum, with this outstanding tool we can serve the readers better with quality checked manuscripts and the authors with a transparent procedure. If needed, we can document the process for every single manuscript, which is important to position the Stomatology Edu Journal on a high scientific level.

Research paper thumbnail of Effect of preheating on mechanical properties of a resin-based composite containing elastomeric urethane monomer

Effect of preheating on mechanical properties of a resin-based composite containing elastomeric urethane monomer

Journal of The Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials, May 1, 2023

Research paper thumbnail of Advances in Operative Dentistry, Volume 2: Challenges of the Future

Research paper thumbnail of Recommendations for Conducting Controlled Clinical Studies of Dental Restorative Materials Science Committee Project 2/98 - FDI World Dental Federation Study Design (Part I) and Criteria for Evaluation (Part II) of Direct and Indirect Restorations Including Onlays and Partial Crowns

Recommendations for Conducting Controlled Clinical Studies of Dental Restorative Materials Science Committee Project 2/98 - FDI World Dental Federation Study Design (Part I) and Criteria for Evaluation (Part II) of Direct and Indirect Restorations Including Onlays and Partial Crowns

Journal of Adhesive Dentistry, 2007

About 35 years ago, Ryge provided a practical approach to the evaluation of the clinical performa... more About 35 years ago, Ryge provided a practical approach to the evaluation of the clinical performance of restorative materials. This systematic approach was soon universally accepted. While that methodology has served us well, a large number of scientific methodologies and more detailed questions have arisen that require more rigor. Current restorative materials have vastly improved clinical performance, and any changes over time are not easily detected by the limited sensitivity of the Ryge criteria in short-term clinical investigations. However, the clinical evaluation of restorations not only involves the restorative material per se but also different operative techniques. For instance, a composite resin may show good longevity data when applied in conventional cavities but not in modified operative approaches. Insensitivity, combined with the continually evolving and nonstandard investigator modifications of the categories, scales, and reporting methods, has created a body of literature that is extremely difficult to interpret meaningfully. In many cases, the insensitivity of the original Ryge methods leads to misinterpretation as good clinical performance. While there are many good features of the original system, it is now time to move on to a more contemporary one. The current review approaches this challenge in two ways: (1) a proposal for a modern clinical testing protocol for controlled clinical trials, and (2) an in-depth discussion of relevant clinical evaluation parameters, providing 84 references that are primarily related to issues or problems for clinical research trials. Together, these two parts offer a standard for the clinical testing of restorative materials/procedures and provide significant guidance for research teams in the design and conduct of contemporary clinical trials. Part 1 of the review considers the recruitment of subjects, restorations per subject, clinical events, validity versus bias, legal and regulatory aspects, rationales for clinical trial designs, guidelines for design, randomization, number of subjects, characteristics of participants, clinical assessment, standards and calibration, categories for assessment, criteria for evaluation, and supplemental documentation. Part 2 of the review considers categories of assessment for esthetic evaluation, functional assessment, biological responses to restorative materials, and statistical analysis of results. The overall review represents a considerable effort to include a range of clinical research interests over the past years. As part of the recognition of the importance of these suggestions, the review is being published simultaneously in identical form in both the Journal of Adhesive Dentistry and Clinical Oral Investigations. Additionally, an extended abstract will be published in the International Dental Journal, giving a link to the web full version. This should help to introduce these considerations more quickly to the scientific community.

Research paper thumbnail of Infektionsprophylaxe in der zahnärztlichen Chirurgie

Infektionsprophylaxe in der zahnärztlichen Chirurgie

Research paper thumbnail of Marketingkonzepte für die Prophylaxe

Marketingkonzepte für die Prophylaxe

Georg Thieme Verlag eBooks, 2002