Jeleen Briscoe - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jeleen Briscoe

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Jun 1, 2010

An adult castrated male pet kinkajou (Potos flavus) presented with dyspnea due to congestive hear... more An adult castrated male pet kinkajou (Potos flavus) presented with dyspnea due to congestive heart failure and was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and suspected pulmonary arterial hypertension. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs, clinical pathology, radiographs, abdominal ultrasonography, abdominal fluid analysis, electrocardiography, and echocardiogram. An undetermined hepatopathy also was found at presentation and resolved after metronidazole antimicrobial treatment. Cardiopulmonary medical treatment, including a loop diuretic, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a badrenergic receptor blocker, and a bronchodilator provided improvement of the clinical signs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of antemortem diagnosis and treatment of congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy in a member of the family Procyonidae, suggesting that HCM should be considered as a differential diagnosis in kinkajous displaying clinical signs of dyspnea and exercise intolerance.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, Dec 1, 2008

Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2013

A one-year-old African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was evaluated for severe respiratory... more A one-year-old African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was evaluated for severe respiratory distress. Physical examination findings included marked dyspnoea, cyanosis and tachypnoea. Radiographic findings included an enlarged heart and pulmonary oedema, and dilated cardiomyopathy was confirmed via echocardiogram. The patient was treated for congestive heart failure because of dilated cardiomyopathy with furosemide, enalapril, pimobendan and l-carnitine. Within 24 hours of treatment, the pulmonary oedema and cyanosis had resolved. Following discharge, clinical improvement was noted by the owner and echocardiogram confirmed improved fractional shortening. Cardiomyopathy has been reported at post-mortem examination in hedgehogs, but there are no reports of ante-mortem diagnosis and treatment. Performing baseline cardiac assessment in hedgehogs is recommended, and treatment with l-carnitine and pimobendan may improve outcome, as carnitine deficiency is a possible cause of cardiomyopathy in hedgehogs. Successful emergency treatment of congestive heart failure in the hedgehog of this report may be effective for other hedgehogs presented with similar clinical signs.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, Dec 1, 2008

A 2-year-old DNA-sexed female Congo African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) was evalu... more A 2-year-old DNA-sexed female Congo African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) was evaluated for self-trauma of the feathers and skin of the tail base for a duration of more than 1 year. All rectrices and tail coverts were missing, the skin of the tail base was thickened and ulcerated, and the uropygial gland was swollen. Results of a complete blood cell count revealed relative monocytosis and basophilia. Survey radiographs showed truncation and lysis of the caudal vertebrae and pygostyle. Results of biopsy and bacterial culture of the tail base lesions revealed an ulcerative bacterial dermatitis positive for staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV (community-acquired) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The bird was treated with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, meloxicam, fluoxetine, topical lidocaine gel, and hydrotherapy. One month later, tail feather regrowth was evident; however, follow-up over 2 years found continued self-trauma to the rectrices in spite of repeated skin biopsies negative for MRSA or other bacteria. It is unknown if the MRSA cultured from this bird was commensal or acquired from either the environment or humans to which the bird was exposed.

Current Therapy in Avian Medicine and Surgery, 2016

Nutritional Management of Hospitalized Small Animals, 2015

The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents, 2012

Publisher Summary Performing basic experimental procedures on chinchillas can be a challenge due ... more Publisher Summary Performing basic experimental procedures on chinchillas can be a challenge due to their small size, their unique characteristics, and the limited amount of information available on the techniques. Procedures such as handling, restraint, collection of samples, or administration of compounds can all be done relatively stress-free with minimal complications when performed appropriately by skilled personnel. A thorough understanding and knowledge of the experimental procedure should be obtained prior to initiation to ensure the task is carried out properly. This chapter highlights basic experimental methods in chinchillas. Chinchillas are typically quiet and shy rodents, which can be easily handled if done so in a calm, quiet, and gentle manner that uses the least amount of restraint but is still firm enough so that the handler has good control of the animal. Collection of blood from the jugular vein of chinchillas is generally well tolerated by the awake, unsedated, or unanesthetized animal. Administration of compounds or fluids in chinchillas may be done by a variety of routes including oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intraosseous. The chinchilla is well known for its use as an animal model for auditory research and diseases of the ear.

Lab Animal, 2009

This column describes how to stabilize pelvic limb fractures in small birds by applying a simple,... more This column describes how to stabilize pelvic limb fractures in small birds by applying a simple, inexpensive and beneficial tape splint. Indications Va r i o u s s m a l l p s i t t a c i n e s p e c i e s (budgerigars, love birds, cockatiels), passerines (canaries, finches) and other birds (doves, quails, fowl chicks) are commonly used as models in clinical studies 1. Tibiotarsal fractures are among the most common orthopedic problems encountered in caged birds 2 and can account for more than 95% of the fractures seen in canaries 3. Although trauma is a very common cause, poor nutrition, crowding and stress can predispose birds to such fractures. As an adaptation for flight, avian bones are designed to be thin and light. This fine structure, combined with the fact that these bones have minimal soft tissue coverage, commonly results in bone fragmentation on impact 4. The tape splint technique can be used effectively in birds that are too small for internal fixation or external fixator techniques, in minimally displaced or highly comminuted fractures 5 and in cases where anesthesia poses a high risk (e.g., due to size or risk of hypovolemia due to hemorrhage). The tape splint bandage consists of four to six layers of 1.5-cm × 2-cm adhesive tape and weighs only 1-2g, making it tolerable for even a 20-g bird. The splint stabilizes the fractured limb, eliminating its movement and minimizing the associated pain. This technique is inexpensive and simple, requires little time and thus brief anesthesia (if any) and can reduce the risk of infection when treating closed fractures 5 .

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2011

Case Description—A 444-g (0.98-lb) 4-year-old sexually intact female Solomon Island eclectus parr... more Case Description—A 444-g (0.98-lb) 4-year-old sexually intact female Solomon Island eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus solomonensis) was referred and evaluated for a suspected colonic obstruction. Clinical Findings—The parrot had a 3-day history of not passing feces and lack of appetite following treatment of dystocia that included percutaneous collapse of the egg and manual removal of egg fragments via the cloaca. During this procedure, a tear in the cloacal mucosa developed. The tear was repaired via a midline cloacotomy. Although clinically stable at the time of referral, the parrot became lethargic and bradycardic and had delayed crop emptying. Treatment and Outcome—A midline celiotomy and cloacotomy were performed to relieve the colonic obstruction, during which the severely distended colon ruptured. The colonic defects were closed in a simple interrupted pattern, and a serosal patch was applied by use of the adjacent duodenum. The bird recovered uneventfully from anesthesia and...

Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine, 2004

... the use of a nonrebreathing anesthesia system to minimize mechanical deadspace and resistance... more ... the use of a nonrebreathing anesthesia system to minimize mechanical deadspace and resistance during spontaneous ventilation.[5] A flowmeter that can deliver from 0 to 3 L/min is recommended, along with a rebreathing bag attached to a normal elbow or Ayre's T-piece ...

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2009

To survey 2 populations of psittacines to characterize Staphylococcus spp isolated from commensal... more To survey 2 populations of psittacines to characterize Staphylococcus spp isolated from commensal cutaneous microflora. Prospective cross-sectional study. 107 psittacine birds from a sanctuary and 73 psittacine birds in private households or a pet store. Gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci isolated from mucosal and seborrheic sites were speciated, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed on coagulase-positive isolates. A bird was classified as having positive results when at least 1 sample site yielded positive results for at least 1 staphylococcal species. 89 of 180 (49.4%) birds had positive results for staphylococci at the carriage sites sampled. Privately owned birds were twice as likely to have positive results for staphylococci as were sanctuary birds (71% vs 35%). Coagulase-positive staphylococci were significantly more common in the sanctuary birds (47% vs 1%). Staphylococcus intermedius was significantly more common in the sanctuary birds (46% vs 2%). Staphylococcus hominis subsp hominis and Staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase-negative staphylococci associated with humans, were significantly more common in pet birds. Cockatoos were twice as likely to have positive results for staphylococci as were other genera. Results suggested that staphylococcal colonization in captive psittacines was less common than in other species studied. Staphylococci isolated from a pet psittacine may reflect that of the humans and other animals with which the bird lives in close proximity; however, further studies are needed to evaluate the effects exposure to humans may have on the microflora of these birds.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 2010

Veterinarians rely on results of both the complete blood cell count (CBC) and plasma protein elec... more Veterinarians rely on results of both the complete blood cell count (CBC) and plasma protein electrophoresis (EPH) in conjunction with the results of the plasma biochemical analysis to evaluate the health status of avian patients. Because the CBC and protein EPH measure different aspects of the immune response to disease, both tests are recommended in avian patients to rule out infectious or inflammatory disease. To evaluate results of the CBC and protein EPH in pet psittacine birds, the records of 144 pet psittacine birds, comprising 11 genera, that were presented for suspected illness were reviewed. Results of the CBC (total white blood cell count and packed cell volume) and protein EPH (alpha, beta, and gamma globulin concentrations) from submitted blood samples from each bird were evaluated. Of the 144 birds, 63 (43.8%) had abnormal CBC results, and 25 (17.4%) had abnormal EPH measurements. Results of the CBC and protein EPH were within reference ranges in 73 birds (50.7%). Abnormal results of the CBC in conjunction with normal EPH results were present in 46 birds (31.9%), compared with 8 birds (5.6%) with normal results of the CBC and abnormal EPH results. The findings of this study could aid practitioners in evaluating psittacine patients and prioritizing the value of individual diagnostic tests.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 2007

A 14-year-old blue-crowned conure (Aratinga acuticaudata) of unknown sex was brought to the hospi... more A 14-year-old blue-crowned conure (Aratinga acuticaudata) of unknown sex was brought to the hospital with a 3-week history of straining and vocalizing during defecation. Physical examination revealed blood and urate staining on feathers around the cloaca. A 2.5-cm subcutaneous swelling was palpated along the midline of the caudoventral abdomen. During surgical exploratory, a subcutaneous soft-tissue mass was found, which extended through the body wall musculature and into the coelomic cavity. The abnormal tissue was adhered to the cloacal serosa, causing deviation of the cloaca caudally and ventrally. The mass was excised and submitted for histopathology, and the histopathologic diagnosis was infiltrative lipoma. The surgical incision healed uneventfully, and no evidence of tumor regrowth was apparent 7 months after surgery. This is the first documented case of infiltrative lipoma in a bird.

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, Jun 1, 2010

An adult castrated male pet kinkajou (Potos flavus) presented with dyspnea due to congestive hear... more An adult castrated male pet kinkajou (Potos flavus) presented with dyspnea due to congestive heart failure and was diagnosed with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and suspected pulmonary arterial hypertension. Diagnosis was based on history, clinical signs, clinical pathology, radiographs, abdominal ultrasonography, abdominal fluid analysis, electrocardiography, and echocardiogram. An undetermined hepatopathy also was found at presentation and resolved after metronidazole antimicrobial treatment. Cardiopulmonary medical treatment, including a loop diuretic, an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, a badrenergic receptor blocker, and a bronchodilator provided improvement of the clinical signs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of antemortem diagnosis and treatment of congestive heart failure and cardiomyopathy in a member of the family Procyonidae, suggesting that HCM should be considered as a differential diagnosis in kinkajous displaying clinical signs of dyspnea and exercise intolerance.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, Dec 1, 2008

Journal of Small Animal Practice, 2013

A one-year-old African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was evaluated for severe respiratory... more A one-year-old African pygmy hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) was evaluated for severe respiratory distress. Physical examination findings included marked dyspnoea, cyanosis and tachypnoea. Radiographic findings included an enlarged heart and pulmonary oedema, and dilated cardiomyopathy was confirmed via echocardiogram. The patient was treated for congestive heart failure because of dilated cardiomyopathy with furosemide, enalapril, pimobendan and l-carnitine. Within 24 hours of treatment, the pulmonary oedema and cyanosis had resolved. Following discharge, clinical improvement was noted by the owner and echocardiogram confirmed improved fractional shortening. Cardiomyopathy has been reported at post-mortem examination in hedgehogs, but there are no reports of ante-mortem diagnosis and treatment. Performing baseline cardiac assessment in hedgehogs is recommended, and treatment with l-carnitine and pimobendan may improve outcome, as carnitine deficiency is a possible cause of cardiomyopathy in hedgehogs. Successful emergency treatment of congestive heart failure in the hedgehog of this report may be effective for other hedgehogs presented with similar clinical signs.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, Dec 1, 2008

A 2-year-old DNA-sexed female Congo African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) was evalu... more A 2-year-old DNA-sexed female Congo African grey parrot (Psittacus erithacus erithacus) was evaluated for self-trauma of the feathers and skin of the tail base for a duration of more than 1 year. All rectrices and tail coverts were missing, the skin of the tail base was thickened and ulcerated, and the uropygial gland was swollen. Results of a complete blood cell count revealed relative monocytosis and basophilia. Survey radiographs showed truncation and lysis of the caudal vertebrae and pygostyle. Results of biopsy and bacterial culture of the tail base lesions revealed an ulcerative bacterial dermatitis positive for staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV (community-acquired) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The bird was treated with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, meloxicam, fluoxetine, topical lidocaine gel, and hydrotherapy. One month later, tail feather regrowth was evident; however, follow-up over 2 years found continued self-trauma to the rectrices in spite of repeated skin biopsies negative for MRSA or other bacteria. It is unknown if the MRSA cultured from this bird was commensal or acquired from either the environment or humans to which the bird was exposed.

Current Therapy in Avian Medicine and Surgery, 2016

Nutritional Management of Hospitalized Small Animals, 2015

The Laboratory Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Hamster, and Other Rodents, 2012

Publisher Summary Performing basic experimental procedures on chinchillas can be a challenge due ... more Publisher Summary Performing basic experimental procedures on chinchillas can be a challenge due to their small size, their unique characteristics, and the limited amount of information available on the techniques. Procedures such as handling, restraint, collection of samples, or administration of compounds can all be done relatively stress-free with minimal complications when performed appropriately by skilled personnel. A thorough understanding and knowledge of the experimental procedure should be obtained prior to initiation to ensure the task is carried out properly. This chapter highlights basic experimental methods in chinchillas. Chinchillas are typically quiet and shy rodents, which can be easily handled if done so in a calm, quiet, and gentle manner that uses the least amount of restraint but is still firm enough so that the handler has good control of the animal. Collection of blood from the jugular vein of chinchillas is generally well tolerated by the awake, unsedated, or unanesthetized animal. Administration of compounds or fluids in chinchillas may be done by a variety of routes including oral, intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, or intraosseous. The chinchilla is well known for its use as an animal model for auditory research and diseases of the ear.

Lab Animal, 2009

This column describes how to stabilize pelvic limb fractures in small birds by applying a simple,... more This column describes how to stabilize pelvic limb fractures in small birds by applying a simple, inexpensive and beneficial tape splint. Indications Va r i o u s s m a l l p s i t t a c i n e s p e c i e s (budgerigars, love birds, cockatiels), passerines (canaries, finches) and other birds (doves, quails, fowl chicks) are commonly used as models in clinical studies 1. Tibiotarsal fractures are among the most common orthopedic problems encountered in caged birds 2 and can account for more than 95% of the fractures seen in canaries 3. Although trauma is a very common cause, poor nutrition, crowding and stress can predispose birds to such fractures. As an adaptation for flight, avian bones are designed to be thin and light. This fine structure, combined with the fact that these bones have minimal soft tissue coverage, commonly results in bone fragmentation on impact 4. The tape splint technique can be used effectively in birds that are too small for internal fixation or external fixator techniques, in minimally displaced or highly comminuted fractures 5 and in cases where anesthesia poses a high risk (e.g., due to size or risk of hypovolemia due to hemorrhage). The tape splint bandage consists of four to six layers of 1.5-cm × 2-cm adhesive tape and weighs only 1-2g, making it tolerable for even a 20-g bird. The splint stabilizes the fractured limb, eliminating its movement and minimizing the associated pain. This technique is inexpensive and simple, requires little time and thus brief anesthesia (if any) and can reduce the risk of infection when treating closed fractures 5 .

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2011

Case Description—A 444-g (0.98-lb) 4-year-old sexually intact female Solomon Island eclectus parr... more Case Description—A 444-g (0.98-lb) 4-year-old sexually intact female Solomon Island eclectus parrot (Eclectus roratus solomonensis) was referred and evaluated for a suspected colonic obstruction. Clinical Findings—The parrot had a 3-day history of not passing feces and lack of appetite following treatment of dystocia that included percutaneous collapse of the egg and manual removal of egg fragments via the cloaca. During this procedure, a tear in the cloacal mucosa developed. The tear was repaired via a midline cloacotomy. Although clinically stable at the time of referral, the parrot became lethargic and bradycardic and had delayed crop emptying. Treatment and Outcome—A midline celiotomy and cloacotomy were performed to relieve the colonic obstruction, during which the severely distended colon ruptured. The colonic defects were closed in a simple interrupted pattern, and a serosal patch was applied by use of the adjacent duodenum. The bird recovered uneventfully from anesthesia and...

Seminars in Avian and Exotic Pet Medicine, 2004

... the use of a nonrebreathing anesthesia system to minimize mechanical deadspace and resistance... more ... the use of a nonrebreathing anesthesia system to minimize mechanical deadspace and resistance during spontaneous ventilation.[5] A flowmeter that can deliver from 0 to 3 L/min is recommended, along with a rebreathing bag attached to a normal elbow or Ayre's T-piece ...

Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2009

To survey 2 populations of psittacines to characterize Staphylococcus spp isolated from commensal... more To survey 2 populations of psittacines to characterize Staphylococcus spp isolated from commensal cutaneous microflora. Prospective cross-sectional study. 107 psittacine birds from a sanctuary and 73 psittacine birds in private households or a pet store. Gram-positive, catalase-positive cocci isolated from mucosal and seborrheic sites were speciated, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis was performed on coagulase-positive isolates. A bird was classified as having positive results when at least 1 sample site yielded positive results for at least 1 staphylococcal species. 89 of 180 (49.4%) birds had positive results for staphylococci at the carriage sites sampled. Privately owned birds were twice as likely to have positive results for staphylococci as were sanctuary birds (71% vs 35%). Coagulase-positive staphylococci were significantly more common in the sanctuary birds (47% vs 1%). Staphylococcus intermedius was significantly more common in the sanctuary birds (46% vs 2%). Staphylococcus hominis subsp hominis and Staphylococcus epidermidis, coagulase-negative staphylococci associated with humans, were significantly more common in pet birds. Cockatoos were twice as likely to have positive results for staphylococci as were other genera. Results suggested that staphylococcal colonization in captive psittacines was less common than in other species studied. Staphylococci isolated from a pet psittacine may reflect that of the humans and other animals with which the bird lives in close proximity; however, further studies are needed to evaluate the effects exposure to humans may have on the microflora of these birds.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 2010

Veterinarians rely on results of both the complete blood cell count (CBC) and plasma protein elec... more Veterinarians rely on results of both the complete blood cell count (CBC) and plasma protein electrophoresis (EPH) in conjunction with the results of the plasma biochemical analysis to evaluate the health status of avian patients. Because the CBC and protein EPH measure different aspects of the immune response to disease, both tests are recommended in avian patients to rule out infectious or inflammatory disease. To evaluate results of the CBC and protein EPH in pet psittacine birds, the records of 144 pet psittacine birds, comprising 11 genera, that were presented for suspected illness were reviewed. Results of the CBC (total white blood cell count and packed cell volume) and protein EPH (alpha, beta, and gamma globulin concentrations) from submitted blood samples from each bird were evaluated. Of the 144 birds, 63 (43.8%) had abnormal CBC results, and 25 (17.4%) had abnormal EPH measurements. Results of the CBC and protein EPH were within reference ranges in 73 birds (50.7%). Abnormal results of the CBC in conjunction with normal EPH results were present in 46 birds (31.9%), compared with 8 birds (5.6%) with normal results of the CBC and abnormal EPH results. The findings of this study could aid practitioners in evaluating psittacine patients and prioritizing the value of individual diagnostic tests.

Journal of Avian Medicine and Surgery, 2007

A 14-year-old blue-crowned conure (Aratinga acuticaudata) of unknown sex was brought to the hospi... more A 14-year-old blue-crowned conure (Aratinga acuticaudata) of unknown sex was brought to the hospital with a 3-week history of straining and vocalizing during defecation. Physical examination revealed blood and urate staining on feathers around the cloaca. A 2.5-cm subcutaneous swelling was palpated along the midline of the caudoventral abdomen. During surgical exploratory, a subcutaneous soft-tissue mass was found, which extended through the body wall musculature and into the coelomic cavity. The abnormal tissue was adhered to the cloacal serosa, causing deviation of the cloaca caudally and ventrally. The mass was excised and submitted for histopathology, and the histopathologic diagnosis was infiltrative lipoma. The surgical incision healed uneventfully, and no evidence of tumor regrowth was apparent 7 months after surgery. This is the first documented case of infiltrative lipoma in a bird.