Jennifer johnson - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jennifer johnson

International journal of prisoner health, Jan 15, 2015

Purpose - Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy are similar, but distinct, psych... more Purpose - Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and psychopathy are similar, but distinct, psychiatric conditions that are common in male and female inmates; a segment of the population with high rates of trauma exposure. It is unclear whether specific types of lifetime trauma are associated with ASPD and psychopathy in incarcerated women and men. Furthermore, the unique roles of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and trauma victimization in antisocial personality disturbance are not well-understood. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - This study investigated associations between trauma variables (different kinds of traumatic experiences and PTSD) and antisocial personality variables (ASPD and psychopathy) in a sample of incarcerated women and men who participated in a randomized clinical trial for major depressive disorder. In total, 88 incarcerated men and women were assessed for ASPD diagnosis, psychopathy severity, PTSD symp...

International journal of group psychotherapy, 2015

This study examined, as a secondary analysis, whether a group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) i... more This study examined, as a secondary analysis, whether a group interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT) intervention focused on preventing postpartum depression by strengthening social support and building interpersonal skills during the transition to motherhood positively affected breastfeeding outcomes among low-income women. The intervention-Reach Out, Stand strong, Essentials for new mothers (ROSE)-taught participants the importance of self-care and assertive help seeking to be better able to sustain breastfeeding practices. Ninety-nine pregnant women were randomized to ROSE plus standard care or to standard care alone. Though women in both conditions had similar breastfeeding initiation rates, women in ROSE had longer breastfeeding duration (median days breastfed: 54 vs. 21). Results suggest ROSE may positively affect breastfeeding.

Genes & cancer, 2013

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a well-known cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the regulato... more Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a well-known cause of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the regulators effectively driving virus production and HCC progression remain unclear. By using genetically engineered mouse models, we show that overexpression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) accelerated HCC progression, supporting the genomic analysis that an up-regulated HGF signature is associated with poor prognosis in HBV-positive HCC patients. We show that for both liver regeneration and spontaneous HCC development there is an inclusive requirement for MET expression, and when HGF induces autocrine activation the tumor displays sensitivity to a small-molecule Met inhibitor. Our results demonstrate that HGF is a driver of HBV-induced HCC progression and may serve as an effective biomarker for Met-targeted therapy. MET inhibitors are entering clinical trials against cancer, and our data provide a molecular basis for targeting the Met pathway in hepatitis B-induced HCC.

Psychological Services, 2006

... Gary M. Burlingame, Scott Seaman, Jennifer E. Johnson, Jason Whipple, and Elizabeth Richardso... more ... Gary M. Burlingame, Scott Seaman, Jennifer E. Johnson, Jason Whipple, and Elizabeth Richardson Brigham Young University Frank Rees, Dallas Earnshaw, Richard Spencer, Mark Payne, and Brock O&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#x27;Neil Utah State Hospital ...

Acta Paediatrica, 2014

AimOver the past few decades, the incidence of food allergies has risen and Sweden has increased ... more AimOver the past few decades, the incidence of food allergies has risen and Sweden has increased its import of peanuts and exotic nuts, such as cashew nuts, which may cause severe allergic reactions. This study aimed to retrospectively investigate paediatric emergency visits due to food reactions over a 10‐year period, focusing on reactions to peanuts and tree nuts.MethodsEmergency visits to Uppsala University Children's Hospital, Sweden, between September 2001 and December 2010, were reviewed, and cases containing diagnostic codes for anaphylaxis, allergic reactions or allergy and hypersensitivity not caused by drugs or biological substances were retrieved.ResultsWe analysed 703 emergency visits made by 578 individuals with food allergies. Peanuts and tree nuts accounted for 50% of the food allergies and were more frequently associated with adrenaline treatment and hospitalisation than other foods. Cashew nut reactions increased over the study period, and together with peanuts,...

Ethnicity & disease, 2006

To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensinogen (ACT) genotypes coul... more To determine whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensinogen (ACT) genotypes could predict changes in urinary sodium excretion in response to short-term aerobic exercise training (AEX). Longitudinal intervention. The study was conducted at the University of Maryland at College Park and at Baltimore, and the University of Pittsburgh General Clinical Research Center. 31 (age 53 +/- 2 years) sedentary, hypertensive (146 +/- 2/88 +/- 2 mm Hg) African Americans. Aerobic exercise training (AEX) consisted of seven or eight consecutive days, 50 minutes per day, at 65% of heart rate reserve. Participants underwent a 24-hour period of ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and urine collection at baseline and 14-18 hours after the last exercise session. Angiotensiongen (AGT) M235T and ACE I/D genotype and sodium excretion and ambulatory BP. Average sodium excretion for the entire group independent of genotype increased after AEX (108 +/- 9 vs 143 +/- 12 mEq/day, P=.003). So...

Surgery, 1998

Background. Dietary fiber and the resultant increase in colonic butyrate levels protect against c... more Background. Dietary fiber and the resultant increase in colonic butyrate levels protect against colon carcinogenesis. Previous studies have shown that p21 and histone hyperacetylation are important in basal growth inhibition by butyrate. This study was designed to elucidate other mechanisms underlying the butyrate effects on cell growth. Methods. HT-29 colon carcinoma cells (standard medium or medium lacking serum) were treated with sodium butyrate (NaBu), epidermal growth factor (EGF), or both. Northern blot analyses were performed with cDNA probes specific for c-fos, c-jun, and actin. Cell growth was measured by 3 H-thymidine incorporation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify EGF receptor levels. Results. Butyrate and serum starvation (SS) both induced a cell cycle withdrawal by 24 hours. In response to EGF treatment, SS cells exhibited a growth spurt and induced c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogene expression, whereas butyrate-treated cells exhibited minimal growth response to EGF. This relative unresponsiveness to EGF in butyrate-treated cells corresponded to a dramatic decline in EGF receptor levels when compared to untreated controls. Conclusions. Butyrate appears to inhibit colon cancer cell growth by two mechanisms, one involving histone hyperacetylation and p21 induction and the other related to impaired EGF-responsiveness.

Psychiatric Annals, 2009

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent and has substantial economic and social ... more Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is highly prevalent and has substantial economic and social consequences. In this article, we review the epidemiology of PTSD. We begin by summarizing the evidence about the prevalence and correlates of traumatic event exposure. Next, we discuss the prevalence of PTSD, the conditional probability of PTSD given specific traumatic event exposure, the correlates, and demographic distribution of PTSD, and the trajectory of PTSD over the life course. Lastly, we discuss the consequences of PTSD and the challenges facing this field of research today. ABOUT THE AUTHORS Jennifer Johnson, MPH, is with the Center for Global Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Andrea Maxwell, BS, is with the School of Medicine, University of Michigan. Sandro Galea, MD, DrPH, is with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, the Survey Research Center, Institute for Social Research, and the Center for Global Health, the University of Michigan. Address co...

Physical Therapy Reviews, 2014

Background: The use of minimal clinically important difference (MCID) scores has become increasin... more Background: The use of minimal clinically important difference (MCID) scores has become increasingly popular amongst clinicians when determining patient response to treatment. Recent evidence has suggested that MCID scores are context specific and a single MCID estimate does not exist within an outcome measure. Objective: The objective of this review was to systematically review the evidence regarding reported MCID scores amongst hip-related patient-reported outcome measures. Methods: Articles were selected following a comprehensive search of PUBMED, CINAHL, EMBASE, and MEDLINE databases (from database inception through October 2012). Inclusion criteria involved: (1) a patient-reported outcome measure used within a hip population was reported, (2) an MCID score was calculated and/or reported, and (3) the article was available in full text. Results: A total of nine studies met the inclusion criteria; seven different patient-reported outcomes were reported amongst varying hip pathologies, a range of follow-up time points, and different treatment approaches. Of the nine studies included, four studies reported MCID estimates on the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) ranging from 6.1 to 26.54 on the WOMAC function subscale. Conclusions: This review highlights the wide range of reported MCID scores specific to WOMAC, as well as scores that were calculated from seven other patient-reported outcome measures. We encourage the reader to use caution when utilizing specific MCID estimates as values are highly variable depending upon the study population, follow-up time point, intervention, and methodology from which they were derived.

New England Journal of Medicine, 1983

A variety of procedures have been recommended for post-mortem examination of stillbirths to deter... more A variety of procedures have been recommended for post-mortem examination of stillbirths to determine the cause of the loss of the pregnancy and to provide an estimate of the risk of recurrence. We studied the relative usefulness of several such techniques, including gross and microscopical autopsy, photography, radiography, bacterial cultures, and chromosome studies. In 44 (35 per cent) of 124 cases of stillbirth or early neonatal death, structural physical abnormalities were evident at autopsy. In 35 of the 44 cases the abnormalities were due to chromosomal, single-gene, or polygenic disorders. The single most useful examination was the gross autopsy. Analysis of the various procedures suggests that when resources are limited, gross autopsy, photography, radiography, and bacterial cultures should be performed in all cases of stillbirth and early neonatal death, but that karyotyping and histopathology may be used selectively. This approach should minimize the use of expensive, low-yield procedures without compromising the ability to provide information for purposes of genetic counseling.

Metabolism, 1975

In an effort to determine the possible relationship between changes in insulinreceptor binding an... more In an effort to determine the possible relationship between changes in insulinreceptor binding and the glucocorticoidinduced insulin-resistant state, we studied insulin binding to specific receptors located on isolated adipocytes and hepatocytes obtained from dexamethasone (D)-treated mtr. Three groups of D-treated mtr were studied: (1) acute high-dose treatment

Mammalian Genome, 2011

The silver fox provides a rich resource for investigating the genetics of behavior, with strains ... more The silver fox provides a rich resource for investigating the genetics of behavior, with strains developed by intensely selective breeding that display markedly different behavioral phenotypes. Until recently, however, the tools for conducting molecular genetic investigations in this species were very limited. In this review, the history of development of this resource and the tools to exploit it are described. Although the focus is on the genetics of domestication in the silver fox, there is a broader context. In particular, one expectation of the silver fox research is that it will be synergistic with studies in other species, including humans, to yield a more comprehensive understanding of the molecular mechanisms and evolution of a wider range of social cognitive behaviors.

Journal of Urban Affairs, 2003

In HUD's HOPE VI program, deteriorated structures housing some of the poorest families in our soc... more In HUD's HOPE VI program, deteriorated structures housing some of the poorest families in our society are being demolished and replaced by low-rise, mixed-income developments. Some of the most serious concerns about the program relate to how it is handling the relocation of original residents. This article is the first to look at the outcomes nationally. It uses data from a HUD information system, showing the spatial pattern of Section 8 recipients relocated from 73 HOPE VI developments in 48 cities through May 2000. The research finds that the majority of relocatees do move to neighborhoods that have lower poverty rates than those they left behind, although the impacts in reducing racial concentration have not been dramatic. Most relocatees tend to be spread across many different neighborhoods rather than being clustered in just a few, but significant clustering was found in a few neighborhoods in most cities. In 1993 the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) initiated the HOPE VI program to dramatically transform many of the nation's worst public housing projects. HOPE VI is a response to the work of the National Commission on Severely Distressed Public Housing. Specific purposes and operating features of the program are discussed in Abt Associates (1996), Epp (1996) and Naparstek, Dooley, and Smith (1997). By mid-2000, the program's roster included 129 developments in 80 different cities. In most cases, older deteriorated high-density structures housing some of the poorest families in our society are being demolished and replaced by mixed-income developments made up of low-rise garden apartments and town homes. Designers have realigned street patterns and taken other steps to integrate the new housing into the fabric of surrounding neighborhoods-a sharp contrast to the strong sense of isolation

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 2006

The authors thank the following subject matter experts whose input into the PHIN Preparedness Fun... more The authors thank the following subject matter experts whose input into the PHIN Preparedness Functional Requirements documents was invaluable. Without their knowledge and expertise and many hours they spent in the requirements gathering process, the PHIN Preparedness Initiative would not be materializing as quickly as it has.

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 2008

Despite the high rates of depression among substance-abusing female prisoners, no study has teste... more Despite the high rates of depression among substance-abusing female prisoners, no study has tested the efficacy of treatment for this underserved population with complex treatment needs to date. This feasibility study tested group interpersonal psychotherapy for depression adapted for women in prison substance use treatment programs. Twenty-six female prisoners with current diagnoses of major depression and/ or dysthymic disorder plus at least one substance use disorder participated in this uncontrolled pilot study. Six consecutive groups met 24 times over 8 weeks. Of the 25 study participants who began the treatment groups, 18 (72%) no longer met the criteria for any depressive disorder by the end of treatment. Depressive symptoms and perceived social support improved significantly by the end of treatment. These pilot results suggest that addressing depressive symptoms via interpersonal concerns is feasible for women in a prison substance use treatment program despite multiple Axes I and II comorbidities.

Journal of PeriAnesthesia Nursing, 2012

This paper presents a model project on reverse mainstreaming, incorporating children with typical... more This paper presents a model project on reverse mainstreaming, incorporating children with typical hearing into a classroom with hearing-impaired children at the preschool level.

JNCI: Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 2005

Background: Reestablishment of metastasis suppressor gene expression may constitute a therapeutic... more Background: Reestablishment of metastasis suppressor gene expression may constitute a therapeutic strategy for high-risk breast cancer patients. We previously showed that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a progestin that has been tested as treatment for advanced breast cancer, elevates expression of the Nm23-H1 metastasis suppressor gene in hormone receptor–negative metastatic human breast carcinoma cell lines in vitro via a glucocorticoid receptor–based mechanism. Here, we tested whether MPA treatment inhibits metastatic colonization of a hormone receptor–negative breast cancer cell line in vivo. Methods: We tested the soft-agar colony-forming efficiency of untransfected MDA-MB-231T human breast carcinoma cells and MDA-MB-231T cells transfected with antisense Nm23-H1 in the presence and absence of MPA. Pharmacokinetic studies were used to establish dose and injection schedules that led to MPA serum levels in mice similar to those achievable in humans. For in vivo studies, nude mi...