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Papers by Jesse Michel

Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology

Organizational researchers and practitioners have shown increasing interest in how newcomer proac... more Organizational researchers and practitioners have shown increasing interest in how newcomer proactivity contributes to socialization. This meta‐analysis synthesizes the existing empirical research that examines the relationships between frequently performed newcomer proactive behaviours (sensemaking, relationship building, positive framing and job change negotiation) and proximal and distal socialization outcomes. Proximal outcomes include role clarity, task mastery and social integration; distal outcomes include job performance, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and turnover intention. Based on 45 independent samples (N = 11,508), proactive behaviours were found to be generally beneficial for newcomer socialization. Relative weight analyses identified positive framing as the strongest predictor of five of the seven reviewed outcomes while relationship building accounted for the greatest part of the variance in social integration. Job change negotiation was the weakest pre...

Journal of Occupational Health Psychology

Academy of Management Proceedings

Stress and Health, 2022

While work‐family conflict, and more broadly work‐life conflict, has traditionally been conceptua... more While work‐family conflict, and more broadly work‐life conflict, has traditionally been conceptualized through the dimensions of time, strain, and behaviour, an expansion of these dimensions should prove advantageous for measurement and comprehension. Specifically, energy and emotion‐based conflict have been cited as possible factors that would be beneficial to the measurement of work‐life conflict. While these forms of conflict have been discussed as viable areas of expansion in the work‐life conflict literature, there has yet to be a systematic empirical attempt to include both energy and emotion as their own distinct dimensions. In the present research, items were identified and/or created to represent energy and emotion‐based forms of conflict to explore their feasibility in work‐life conflict measurement. Energy and emotion were identified as distinct dimensions of work‐life conflict through four studies of construct validation. Collectively, a four‐factor solution of time, beh...

Journal of Business and Psychology, 2021

Our research examined the role of challenge and hindrance stressors, as well as the interactive e... more Our research examined the role of challenge and hindrance stressors, as well as the interactive effects of these stressors with positive and negative affect, in predicting work engagement and exhaustion using experience sampling methodology. In Study 1, university staff completed measures of challenge and hindrance stressors, positive and negative affect, work engagement, and exhaustion before the end of the workday over 5 working days. Results from multilevel regression indicated that challenge stressors were positively related to work engagement but not exhaustion, while hindrance stressors were unrelated to both work engagement and exhaustion. Additionally, positive affect moderated the association between challenge stressors and both work engagement and exhaustion. We partially replicated and extended these findings in our second sample of Amazon’s Mechanical Turk workers, who completed measures of affect in the mornings before starting work and stressors, work engagement, and exhaustion in the evenings before leaving work, over a period of 10 working days. Results suggested that challenge stressors were positively related to work engagement and exhaustion, while hindrance stressors were positively related to exhaustion and negatively related to work engagement. Similar to our results in Study 1, we found that positive affect interacted with challenge stressors in predicting each work outcome. Furthermore, positive affect moderated the hindrance stressor-work outcomes relationship. Lastly, negative affect moderated the association between challenge stressors and exhaustion. The findings of this study can be used to design interventions that enhance employee motivation and engagement in the presence of challenge and hindrance stressors.

Stress and Health, 2021

Employees manage work and nonwork boundaries, or socially constructed lines of demarcation, in di... more Employees manage work and nonwork boundaries, or socially constructed lines of demarcation, in different ways due to their preferences and ability to do so. When an individual’s integration‐segmentation boundary enactment matches their boundary preference, they possess greater boundary fit. We examined the impact of work and nonwork boundary fit on subjective well‐being, mediated by work and nonwork satisfaction. Results from a three‐wave study confirmed positive direct effects for work/nonwork boundary fit on role satisfaction and role satisfaction on subjective well‐being. We also found significant mediation effects for role satisfaction between work/nonwork boundary fit and subjective well‐being. Overall, work boundary fit had stronger direct and indirect effects than nonwork boundary fit. This research helps clarify theoretical distinctions among work‐nonwork fit constructs and extends the boundary fit literature through an atomistic fit perspective. Future research could consid...

This project will examine common outcomes of the work-life enrichment construct, along with relev... more This project will examine common outcomes of the work-life enrichment construct, along with relevant moderators of those relationships (i.e., demographic variables). Current work-life scholars have called for a greater emphasis on the positive side of the work-life interface, so we employed this meta-analysis as a means to aggregate much of the more recent literature on work-life enrichment. By doing this, our goal is to create a clearer picture of the work-life enrichment nomological network. The present findings focus on seven of the most prominent work-related outcomes of work-life enrichment. Our preliminary results how positive relationships between work-life enrichment and job satisfaction, organizational commitment, engagement, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors, as well as negative relationships with turnover intentions and burnout. Specifically, these analyses and the remaining analyses will reveal general relationships of work-life enrichment and possible work- and family-related outcomes. The implications of our results should provide researchers with a more definitive scope of the work-life enrichment construct which can aid future research and the overall conceptualization of work-life enrichment

Academy of Management Proceedings, 2019

While individual differences can play an important role in how work-family conflict is interprete... more While individual differences can play an important role in how work-family conflict is interpreted and acted upon, little attention in work-family conflict research has been given to moderating eff...

Motivation and Emotion, 2016

Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 2016

Bergman and Jean (2016) skillfully summarize how the industrial and organizational (I-O) psycholo... more Bergman and Jean (2016) skillfully summarize how the industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology literature generally overrepresents salaried, core, managerial, professional, and executive employees. We concur that that the underrepresentation of traditional workers (i.e., wage earners, laborers, first-line personnel, freelancers, contract workers, and other workers outside managerial, professional, and executive positions) can negatively affect our science. In our commentary we extend the arguments of Bergman and Jean by (a) discussing the appropriate use of samples, which are determined by study goals and hypotheses, and (b) further examining samples in occupational health psychology (OHP) and related journals, which generally require worker samples.

Journal of Social and Political Psychology, 2019

Examinations of personality and political ideology have assessed political ideology as a unidimen... more Examinations of personality and political ideology have assessed political ideology as a unidimensional construct and primarily focused on the Big Five personality factors. The purpose of the present two-part study was to examine associations among political ideology (assessed using two dimensions [social and economic]) and Dark Tetrad traits in two samples of adults from the United States (N = 579 and 597). The combination of high economic conservatism and high social liberalism was associated with the highest levels of Machiavellianism and the combination of high social conservatism and high economic liberalism was associated with the highest levels of Narcissism. These effects were significant even after accounting for Big Five personality factors and when using a measure of political ideology that was comprised of multiple items for each dimension of political ideology. Implications include the potential application of our findings to altering political interpersonal dynamics. A...

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting, 2017

Burnout is a growing concern among primary care providers (PCPs). The condition may lead to dimin... more Burnout is a growing concern among primary care providers (PCPs). The condition may lead to diminished quality of patient care as well as reduced quality of life. Although self-reported musculoskeletal pain is common among healthcare providers, the relationship between burnout and musculoskeletal pain among PCPs has been studied very little. We describe a cross-sectional pilot survey conducted among 38 PCPs (MDs, DOs, PAs, and NPs) in the Midwestern United States. Self-reported feelings of burnout and musculoskeletal pain in different body regions were analyzed using regression models. Results suggested that increasing number of hours worked per day, severity of pain in the neck / shoulder area, and severity of pain in the right wrist were associated with an increased risk of burnout. On the contrary, burnout decreased with increasing age. The findings suggest that additional research is needed to understand the risk factors for burnout among PCPs, particularly during the early stag...

Despite strong evidence that individuals process stressor-strain relationships differently, littl... more Despite strong evidence that individuals process stressor-strain relationships differently, little attention in work-family conflict research has been given to moderating effects of core self-evaluations (CSE). Integrating conservation of resources theory with work-family conflict and CSE research, we predicted that CSE has moderating effects between the relationships of work-to-family conflict (WFC) and voluntary turnover, job promotions, and physical health. We tested our predictions at two time points over a 14-month period with a sample of 731 working mothers in Japan. Results confirmed that CSE moderated the relationships between WFC and voluntary turnover, job promotions, and physical health, such that respondents with higher CSE had lower degrees of voluntary turnover, higher degrees of job promotions, and lower degrees of health problems. This study helps clarify the inconsistent effects of WFC on voluntary turnover in previous research, expands on the limited research exami...