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Papers by Jessica Wyndham

Science and Engineering Ethics

A Scientific Integrity Consortium developed a set of recommended principles and best practices th... more A Scientific Integrity Consortium developed a set of recommended principles and best practices that can be used broadly across scientific disciplines as a mechanism for consensus on scientific integrity standards and to better equip scientists to operate in a rapidly changing research environment. The two principles that represent the umbrella under which scientific processes should operate are as follows: (1) Foster a culture of integrity in the scientific process. (2) Evidencebased policy interests may have legitimate roles to play in influencing aspects of the research process, but those roles should not interfere with scientific integrity. The nine best practices for instilling scientific integrity in the implementation of these two overarching principles are (1) Require universal training in robust scientific methods, in the use of appropriate experimental design and statistics, and in responsible research practices for scientists at all levels, with the training content regularly updated and presented by qualified scientists. (2) Strengthen scientific integrity oversight and processes throughout the research continuum with a focus on training in ethics and conduct. (3) Encourage reproducibility of research through transparency. (4) Strive to establish open science as the standard operating procedure throughout the scientific enterprise. (5) Develop and implement educational tools to teach communication skills that uphold scientific integrity. (6) Strive to identify ways to further strengthen the peer review process. (7) Encourage scientific journals to publish unanticipated findings that meet standards of quality and scientific integrity. (8) Seek harmonization and implementation among journals of rapid, consistent, and transparent processes for correction and/or retraction of published papers. (9) Design rigorous and comprehensive evaluation criteria that recognize and reward the highest standards of integrity in scientific research.

Mechanical Engineering

This article discusses benefits and challenges in engaging engineers in connecting engineering an... more This article discusses benefits and challenges in engaging engineers in connecting engineering and human rights. Engineers have a vital role to play in giving visibility to human rights, particularly in matters relevant to their field or discipline. Academic instruction in ethics is increasingly viewed as integral to a rigorous educational program in science or engineering. The Science and Human Rights Coalition of the American Association for the Advancement of Science is one network of professional societies that recognize a role for scientists and engineers in human rights. An important way in which engineers can protect and promote human rights is by ensuring that the products they develop benefit people in need. Engineers have human rights that need to be respected in order for the engineering enterprise to flourish and the benefits of engineering to be broadly enjoyed. Engineers have opportunities to contribute to human rights compliance when designing and implementing project...

Culture and Human Rights: The Wroclaw Commentaries, 2016

Professional Ethics Report, 2013

Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics

A human-rights-based analysis can be a useful tool for the scientific community and policy makers... more A human-rights-based analysis can be a useful tool for the scientific community and policy makers as they develop codes of conduct, harmonized standards, and national policies for data sharing. The human rights framework provides a shared set of values and norms across borders, defines rights and responsibilities of various actors involved in data sharing, addresses the potential harms as well as the benefits of data sharing, and offers a framework for balancing competing values. The right to enjoy the benefits of scientific progress and its applications offers a particularly helpful lens through which to view data as both a tool of scientific inquiry to which access is vital and as a product of science from which everyone should benefit. © The Author(s) 2015.

Background/Question/Methods The well-being of humankind is inextricably linked to the environment... more Background/Question/Methods The well-being of humankind is inextricably linked to the environment. Deliberate abuse or negligent treatment of our environment impacts the lives and livelihoods of people and communities in all regions of the world. Soil contamination, water pollution, desertification and erosion, disruption of natural ecosystems, unsustainable use of natural resources, toxic waste dumping and global climate change each threaten the fulfillment of fundamental human rights, including the rights to life, health, food and an adequate standard of living. Given these evident connections, what role can ecologists play in promoting and protecting human rights? Results/Conclusions Presently, ecologists play a vital role in environmental policy development and management processes across both the private and public sectors. As researchers, ecologists also have an important role and function in engaging communities and identifying vulnerable populations impacted by environmental...

Although the persons mentioned above provided many useful comments, responsibility for the final ... more Although the persons mentioned above provided many useful comments, responsibility for the final content of this report is solely that of the authors. We also want to thank the many scientific, engineering and health organizations in the United States and around the world that helped with the dissemination of the questionnaire.

The visual evidence provided by satellite images and geovisualisation techniques can serve to cor... more The visual evidence provided by satellite images and geovisualisation techniques can serve to corroborate and strengthen local reports of conflict, destruction and displacement. Geospatial technologies and techniques – which include a range of modern tools, such as satellite imagery, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Global Positioning Systems (GPS) that allow for mapping and analysis – offer valuable tools for identifying, measuring, monitoring and documenting large-scale displacement, whether displacement caused by conflict, housing demolitions, natural disasters or development projects. - See more at: http://www.fmreview.org/technology/wolfinbarger-wyndham.html#sthash.M4QSOwOj.dpuf

Science and Engineering Ethics, 2014

The original papers in this Special Section emerged from a meeting of the American Association fo... more The original papers in this Special Section emerged from a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) Science and Human Rights Coalition on the topic of Science, Technology and Human Rights. 1 The Coalition provides a forum for scientists and engineers to engage with human rights advocates and explore emerging issues at the intersections of their respective areas of practice. As the authors of the papers and commentaries highlight (Hall et al. 2013; Marks 2014; Meier et al. 2014; Satterthwaite 2014), this type of cross-disciplinary convening of scientists, engineers and human rights practitioners is increasingly relevant to the work of researchers, policymakers, and most importantly, to the communities affected by human rights abuses. In some cases, these dialogues initiated out of necessity, but as the papers articulate, current trends and new opportunities are encouraging institutionalized collaborations between scientists, engineers and human rights advocates. In Satterthwaite's words, ''these networks of transnational experts are forging new approaches to making rights real.'' The papers in this Special Section address a human right not explicitly mentioned in international treaty law, but now accepted by the community of nations-the right to water and sanitation. It is this right, together with the rights to health and food, and the emerging right to the Internet, which have pushed the human rights community to start exploring issues related to science and technology as they relate to human rights. These papers, therefore, offer a case study of some of the opportunities and challenges posed by international human rights law in offering

Journal of The Acoustical Society of America, 2010

ABSTRACT In July 2005, AAAS held a 2-day conference of scientific associations and human rights o... more ABSTRACT In July 2005, AAAS held a 2-day conference of scientific associations and human rights organizations to explore ways in which the scientific community could become more directly engaged in human rights. Born of a conference recommendation, the AAAS Science and Human Rights Coalition was officially launched in January 2009. Forty-two scientific membership organizations have since joined the Coalition which aims to build bridges and opportunities for collaboration within the scientific community and between the scientific and the human rights communities. Introducing the Coalition, Ms. Wyndham will answer four questions: What does the Coalition aim to accomplish? How will it do this? Who can join? How does it operate? One year young, the growing number of Coalition members reflects the commitment of scientific organizations to addressing human rights. This, however, is just the beginning. Building on the achievements to-date and lessons learnt throughout the course of the first year, Ms. Wyndham will outline the Coalition's plans for making a real and meaningful contribution to the realization of human rights.