Jesus Castillo - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Jesus Castillo
We show that Rochberg's generalizared interpolation spaces X (n) arising from analytic families o... more We show that Rochberg's generalizared interpolation spaces X (n) arising from analytic families of Banach spaces form exact sequences 0 → X (n) → X (n+k) → X (k) → 0. We study some structural properties of those sequences; in particular, we show that nontriviality, having strictly singular quotient map, or having strictly cosingular embedding depend only on the basic case n = k = 1. If we focus on the case of Hilbert spaces obtained from the interpolation scale of ℓ p spaces, then X (2) becomes the well-known Kalton-Peck Z 2 space; we then show that X (n) is (or embeds in, or is a quotient of) a twisted Hilbert space only if n = 1, 2, which solves a problem posed by David Yost; and that it does not contain ℓ 2 complemented unless n = 1. We construct another nontrivial twisted sum of Z 2 with itself that contains ℓ 2 complemented.
International Journal of Clinical Practice, 2018
PloS one, 2017
Invasive alien species are one of most severe threats to biodiversity and natural resources. Thes... more Invasive alien species are one of most severe threats to biodiversity and natural resources. These biological invasions have been studied from the niche conservatism and niche shifts perspective. Niche differentiation may result from changes in fundamental niche or realized niche or both; in biological invasions, niche differences between native and non-native ranges can appear through niche expansion, niche unfilling and niche stability. The American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus is an invasive species that can have negative impacts on native amphibian populations. This research examines the climate niche shifts of this frog, its potential range of expansion in Mexico and the risk of invasion by bullfrog in the habitats of 82 frog species endemic to Mexico, that based on their climatic niche similarity were divided in four ecological groups. The results indicate that species in two ecological groups were the most vulnerable to invasion by bullfrog. However, the climate niche shi...
Extremadura Arqueologica, 1991
Archivo Espanol De Arqueologia, 1990
Presentaremos aqui el resultado de una campana de excavaciones llevada a cabo por el procedimient... more Presentaremos aqui el resultado de una campana de excavaciones llevada a cabo por el procedimientos de urgencia en la finca "Torre Albarragena" (Valencia de Alcantara, Caceres). Durante la misma se pusieron al descubierto parte del sector residencial de un asentamiento rural romano, algunas de cuyas habitaciones se hallaron pavimentadas con mosaicos de tematica geometrica y naturalista; destacando un tema de pompa triunfal baquica. El conjunto se inscribe cronologicamente a finales del s. III y principios del s. IV
Advances in Mathematics, 2016
The paper makes the first steps into the study of extensions ("twisted sums") of noncommutative L... more The paper makes the first steps into the study of extensions ("twisted sums") of noncommutative L p-spaces regarded as Banach modules over the underlying von Neumann algebra M. Our approach combines Kalton's description of extensions by centralizers (these are certain maps which are, in general, neither linear nor bounded) with a general principle, due to Rochberg and Weiss, saying that whenever one finds a given Banach space Y as an intermediate space in a (complex) interpolation scale, one automatically gets a self-extension 0 −→ Y −→ X −→ Y −→ 0. For semifinite algebras, considering L p = L p (M, τ) as an interpolation space between M and its predual M * one arrives at a certain self-extension of L p that is a kind of noncommutative Kalton-Peck space and carries a natural bimodule structure. Some interesting properties of these spaces are presented. For general algebras, including those of type III, the interpolation mechanism produces two (rather than one) extensions of one sided modules, one of left-modules and the other of right-modules. Whether or not one may find (nontrivial) self-extensions of bimodules in all cases is left open.
Actas Del Xxi Congreso Nacional De Arqueologia Vol 3 1995 Isbn 84 7753 673 2 Pags 1099 1108, 1995
Actas Del Xxi Congreso Nacional De Arqueologia Vol 3 1995 Isbn 84 7753 673 2 Pags 1057 1066, 1995
Actas Del Xxi Congreso Nacional De Arqueologia Vol 3 1995 Isbn 84 7753 673 2 Pags 1057 1066, 1995
Boletin Cientifico Centro De Museos Museo De Historia Natural, Dec 1, 2012
Journal of General Virology, 1999
Defective RNAs (D-RNAs) ranging in size from 1968 to 2759 nt were detected in four citrus tristez... more Defective RNAs (D-RNAs) ranging in size from 1968 to 2759 nt were detected in four citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates by hybridization of electroblotted dsRNAs with two probes specific for the 5h-and 3h-terminal genomic regions. The RNAs that hybridized with both probes were eluted, cloned and sequenced. Comparison with the sequences of the corresponding genomic regions of the helper virus showed, in all cases, over 99 % nucleotide identity and direct repeats of 4-5 nt flanking or in the vicinity of the junction sites. The presence of the repeats from two separate genome locations suggests a replicase-driven template switching mechanism for the generation of these CTV D-RNAs. Two of the CTV isolates that differed greatly in their pathogenicity contained an identical D-RNA, suggesting that it is unlikely that this D-RNA is involved in symptom modulation, which may be caused by another factor. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a member of the genus Closterovirus, is the causal agent of one of the most important diseases of citrus. CTV virions are flexuous particles, about 2000 nm long, with two capsid proteins of 25 and 27 kDa, coating 95 and 5 % of the particle length, respectively (Febres et al., 1996). The genome is a single-stranded, positive-sense
Pacific Journal of Mathematics, 2015
We show that Rochberg's generalized interpolation spaces ᐄ (n) arising from analytic families of ... more We show that Rochberg's generalized interpolation spaces ᐄ (n) arising from analytic families of Banach spaces form exact sequences 0 → ᐄ (n) → ᐄ (n+k) → ᐄ (k) → 0. We study some structural properties of those sequences; in particular, we show that nontriviality, having strictly singular quotient map, or having strictly cosingular embedding depend only on the basic case n = k = 1. If we focus on the case of Hilbert spaces obtained from the interpolation scale of p spaces, then ᐄ (2) becomes the well-known Kalton-Peck space Z 2 ; we then show that ᐄ (n) is (or embeds in, or is a quotient of) a twisted Hilbert space only if n = 1, 2, which solves a problem posed by David Yost; and that it does not contain 2 complemented unless n = 1. We construct another nontrivial twisted sum of Z 2 with itself that contains 2 complemented.
Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 2010
fármacos antitrombóticos es elevada en los casos de fibrilación auricular actual conocida, pero s... more fármacos antitrombóticos es elevada en los casos de fibrilación auricular actual conocida, pero se reduce en los pacientes con episodio previo.
Revista Matemática Complutense, 1993
In this paper, dic structure of sorne operator ideals A deftned on continuous ftrnction spaces is... more In this paper, dic structure of sorne operator ideals A deftned on continuous ftrnction spaces is studied. Conditions are considered under which "Te A ami 'dic representing measure of T takes values in X are equivalent for tite scaíes of p-converging (C,,
Revista española de cardiología, 2010
Age and arterial hypertension are two of the main factors associated with atrial fibrillation and... more Age and arterial hypertension are two of the main factors associated with atrial fibrillation and an increased risk of embolism. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and the extent of antithrombotic use in hypertensive patients aged ≥65 years in the Spanish region of Valencia. Each study investigator enrolled the first three hypertensive patients aged ≥65 years who came for a consultation on the first day of each week for 5 weeks. Each patient's risk factors, history of cardiovascular disease, CHADS(2) score and medical treatment were noted and an ECG was recorded. Data were analyzed centrally. A patient was regarded as having atrial fibrillation if it was observable on the ECG or reported in medical records. The study included 1,028 hypertensive patients with a mean age of 72.8 years. Overall, 10.3% had atrial fibrillation: in 6.7%, it was observable on the ECG while 3.6% were in sinus rhythm but had a history of the condition. Fact...
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2014
Objective: This study sought to assess whether the association between statin use and bone minera... more Objective: This study sought to assess whether the association between statin use and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers is modulated by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in postmenopausal women. Design, Participants, and Settings: Approximately 1422 postmenopausal women were recruited from the Camargo Cohort after excluding those with any known medical disorder or drug that might affect bone metabolism. Participants were categorized into four groups: 25OHD levels of 20 ng/mL or less and not taking statins (group 1; n ϭ 492); 25OHD levels greater than 20 ng/mL and on statins (group 2; n ϭ 143); 25OHD levels of 20 ng/mL or less and using statins (group 3; n ϭ 112); and 2OHD levels greater than 20 ng/mL and non-statin use (group 4; n ϭ 675). Multivariate analyses were performed to compare BMD and bone turnover markers between groups. Results: Women in group 2 had an adjusted femoral neck and total hip BMD higher than women in group 1 (P Ͻ .0001 and P ϭ .003, respectively). A trend toward a significant difference was observed regarding lumbar BMD (P ϭ .08). Serum aminoterminal propeptide of type 1 collagen and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels were lower in group 2 than in group 1, in crude and adjusted models, although only serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen difference was significant (P ϭ .009). Conclusions: Women on statins and serum 25OHD levels above 20 ng/mL have greater BMD and less bone resorption than those without either of the factors. Differences, however, are not significant in women with only one of them. Vitamin D and statins seem to interact positively in their effects on bone metabolism.
Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 2010
Introduction and objectives. In contrast to findings in stable ischemic heart disease, in acute c... more Introduction and objectives. In contrast to findings in stable ischemic heart disease, in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), measurement of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) using an intracoronary pressure wire has not been shown to be useful for evaluating angiographically equivocal coronary lesions. The aim of this study was to analyze outcomes at 1 year in ACS patients with lesions that were classed as intermediate on coronary angiography and which were not nonrevascularized because of the FFR value determined by intracoronary pressure wire. Methods. The observational study involved a cohort of patients admitted for ACS who had intermediate lesions on coronary angiography that were not revascularized because the FFR was >0.75. Functional studies were not carried out if there was angiographic evidence of instability. All-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization of the target lesion and readmission for cardiac causes in the first year of the study were recorded. Results. The study included 106 patients with 127 lesions that were not revascularized because the FFR was >0.75. Their mean age was 69.9±10 years, 92 (86.8%) had non-ST-elevation ACS, the mean angiographic stenosis was 40.5±7.8%, and the mean FFR was 0.88±0.06. There were no complications during the procedure. The follow-up rate at 1 year was 95.1%. Events observed at 1 year were: 2 deaths (total mortality 1.9%), 0 fatal acute myocardial infarctions, 1 (0.9%) target lesion revascularization and 5 (4.7%) readmissions for cardiac causes. Conclusions. Once lesions with clear angiographic signs of instability are excluded, intracoronary pressure wire measurement could be useful in ACS patients for avoiding unnecessary revascularization of angiographically intermediate coronary lesions.
Revista Española de Cardiología, 2012
Introduccio´n y objetivos: Analizar la relació n entre pará metros inflamatorios y marcadores de ... more Introduccio´n y objetivos: Analizar la relació n entre pará metros inflamatorios y marcadores de apoptosis con la gravedad y la extensió n de la lesió n de ó rgano diana en pacientes con hipertensió n arterial esencial. Me´todos: Se ha reclutado, de manera consecutiva, a 159 pacientes hipertensos tratados, a los que se realizó un estudio exhaustivo de dañ o orgá nico cardiaco, renal y vascular, y se determinaron las concentraciones plasmá ticas de diferentes molé culas relacionadas con la inflamació n (interleucina 6 y receptor soluble tipo 2 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa) y apoptosis (receptor soluble tipo 1 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y receptor soluble Fas). Se dividió a los pacientes en cuatro grupos: a) sin lesió n de ó rgano diana (33 pacientes); b) lesió n a un nivel (52 pacientes); c) lesió n a dos niveles (44 pacientes) y d) lesió n a tres niveles (30 pacientes). Resultados: Los pacientes con lesió n de ó rgano diana presentaban valores plasmá ticos significativamente má s elevados de interleucina 6, receptor soluble tipo 1 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y receptor soluble tipo 2 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa que los pacientes hipertensos sin lesió n orgá nica. Ademá s se objetivó un incremento progresivo de estos marcadores a medida que aumentaba el nú mero de lesiones con las cifras plasmá ticas má s elevadas en los pacientes con lesió n de ó rgano diana a tres niveles (cardiaco, renal y vascular). No hubo diferencias en el receptor soluble Fas entre las diferentes poblaciones. El aná lisis de regresió n logística mostró que los valores plasmá ticos de interleucina 6 y receptor soluble tipo 1 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa, junto con edad, diabetes, tabaquismo y perímetro abdominal, se asociaban de manera independiente con el nú mero de lesiones de ó rgano diana. Conclusiones: Una enfermedad hipertensiva má s generalizada y con mayor nú mero de ó rganos diana afectados se asocia a mayor activació n inflamatoria y apoptó tica en pacientes hipertensos.
Frontiers in Bioscience, 2005
La ciutat en el món …, 1994
Información del artículo La ciudad romana de "Cápara" (Cáceres).
We show that Rochberg's generalizared interpolation spaces X (n) arising from analytic families o... more We show that Rochberg's generalizared interpolation spaces X (n) arising from analytic families of Banach spaces form exact sequences 0 → X (n) → X (n+k) → X (k) → 0. We study some structural properties of those sequences; in particular, we show that nontriviality, having strictly singular quotient map, or having strictly cosingular embedding depend only on the basic case n = k = 1. If we focus on the case of Hilbert spaces obtained from the interpolation scale of ℓ p spaces, then X (2) becomes the well-known Kalton-Peck Z 2 space; we then show that X (n) is (or embeds in, or is a quotient of) a twisted Hilbert space only if n = 1, 2, which solves a problem posed by David Yost; and that it does not contain ℓ 2 complemented unless n = 1. We construct another nontrivial twisted sum of Z 2 with itself that contains ℓ 2 complemented.
International Journal of Clinical Practice, 2018
PloS one, 2017
Invasive alien species are one of most severe threats to biodiversity and natural resources. Thes... more Invasive alien species are one of most severe threats to biodiversity and natural resources. These biological invasions have been studied from the niche conservatism and niche shifts perspective. Niche differentiation may result from changes in fundamental niche or realized niche or both; in biological invasions, niche differences between native and non-native ranges can appear through niche expansion, niche unfilling and niche stability. The American bullfrog Lithobates catesbeianus is an invasive species that can have negative impacts on native amphibian populations. This research examines the climate niche shifts of this frog, its potential range of expansion in Mexico and the risk of invasion by bullfrog in the habitats of 82 frog species endemic to Mexico, that based on their climatic niche similarity were divided in four ecological groups. The results indicate that species in two ecological groups were the most vulnerable to invasion by bullfrog. However, the climate niche shi...
Extremadura Arqueologica, 1991
Archivo Espanol De Arqueologia, 1990
Presentaremos aqui el resultado de una campana de excavaciones llevada a cabo por el procedimient... more Presentaremos aqui el resultado de una campana de excavaciones llevada a cabo por el procedimientos de urgencia en la finca "Torre Albarragena" (Valencia de Alcantara, Caceres). Durante la misma se pusieron al descubierto parte del sector residencial de un asentamiento rural romano, algunas de cuyas habitaciones se hallaron pavimentadas con mosaicos de tematica geometrica y naturalista; destacando un tema de pompa triunfal baquica. El conjunto se inscribe cronologicamente a finales del s. III y principios del s. IV
Advances in Mathematics, 2016
The paper makes the first steps into the study of extensions ("twisted sums") of noncommutative L... more The paper makes the first steps into the study of extensions ("twisted sums") of noncommutative L p-spaces regarded as Banach modules over the underlying von Neumann algebra M. Our approach combines Kalton's description of extensions by centralizers (these are certain maps which are, in general, neither linear nor bounded) with a general principle, due to Rochberg and Weiss, saying that whenever one finds a given Banach space Y as an intermediate space in a (complex) interpolation scale, one automatically gets a self-extension 0 −→ Y −→ X −→ Y −→ 0. For semifinite algebras, considering L p = L p (M, τ) as an interpolation space between M and its predual M * one arrives at a certain self-extension of L p that is a kind of noncommutative Kalton-Peck space and carries a natural bimodule structure. Some interesting properties of these spaces are presented. For general algebras, including those of type III, the interpolation mechanism produces two (rather than one) extensions of one sided modules, one of left-modules and the other of right-modules. Whether or not one may find (nontrivial) self-extensions of bimodules in all cases is left open.
Actas Del Xxi Congreso Nacional De Arqueologia Vol 3 1995 Isbn 84 7753 673 2 Pags 1099 1108, 1995
Actas Del Xxi Congreso Nacional De Arqueologia Vol 3 1995 Isbn 84 7753 673 2 Pags 1057 1066, 1995
Actas Del Xxi Congreso Nacional De Arqueologia Vol 3 1995 Isbn 84 7753 673 2 Pags 1057 1066, 1995
Boletin Cientifico Centro De Museos Museo De Historia Natural, Dec 1, 2012
Journal of General Virology, 1999
Defective RNAs (D-RNAs) ranging in size from 1968 to 2759 nt were detected in four citrus tristez... more Defective RNAs (D-RNAs) ranging in size from 1968 to 2759 nt were detected in four citrus tristeza virus (CTV) isolates by hybridization of electroblotted dsRNAs with two probes specific for the 5h-and 3h-terminal genomic regions. The RNAs that hybridized with both probes were eluted, cloned and sequenced. Comparison with the sequences of the corresponding genomic regions of the helper virus showed, in all cases, over 99 % nucleotide identity and direct repeats of 4-5 nt flanking or in the vicinity of the junction sites. The presence of the repeats from two separate genome locations suggests a replicase-driven template switching mechanism for the generation of these CTV D-RNAs. Two of the CTV isolates that differed greatly in their pathogenicity contained an identical D-RNA, suggesting that it is unlikely that this D-RNA is involved in symptom modulation, which may be caused by another factor. Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), a member of the genus Closterovirus, is the causal agent of one of the most important diseases of citrus. CTV virions are flexuous particles, about 2000 nm long, with two capsid proteins of 25 and 27 kDa, coating 95 and 5 % of the particle length, respectively (Febres et al., 1996). The genome is a single-stranded, positive-sense
Pacific Journal of Mathematics, 2015
We show that Rochberg's generalized interpolation spaces ᐄ (n) arising from analytic families of ... more We show that Rochberg's generalized interpolation spaces ᐄ (n) arising from analytic families of Banach spaces form exact sequences 0 → ᐄ (n) → ᐄ (n+k) → ᐄ (k) → 0. We study some structural properties of those sequences; in particular, we show that nontriviality, having strictly singular quotient map, or having strictly cosingular embedding depend only on the basic case n = k = 1. If we focus on the case of Hilbert spaces obtained from the interpolation scale of p spaces, then ᐄ (2) becomes the well-known Kalton-Peck space Z 2 ; we then show that ᐄ (n) is (or embeds in, or is a quotient of) a twisted Hilbert space only if n = 1, 2, which solves a problem posed by David Yost; and that it does not contain 2 complemented unless n = 1. We construct another nontrivial twisted sum of Z 2 with itself that contains 2 complemented.
Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 2010
fármacos antitrombóticos es elevada en los casos de fibrilación auricular actual conocida, pero s... more fármacos antitrombóticos es elevada en los casos de fibrilación auricular actual conocida, pero se reduce en los pacientes con episodio previo.
Revista Matemática Complutense, 1993
In this paper, dic structure of sorne operator ideals A deftned on continuous ftrnction spaces is... more In this paper, dic structure of sorne operator ideals A deftned on continuous ftrnction spaces is studied. Conditions are considered under which "Te A ami 'dic representing measure of T takes values in X are equivalent for tite scaíes of p-converging (C,,
Revista española de cardiología, 2010
Age and arterial hypertension are two of the main factors associated with atrial fibrillation and... more Age and arterial hypertension are two of the main factors associated with atrial fibrillation and an increased risk of embolism. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of atrial fibrillation and the extent of antithrombotic use in hypertensive patients aged ≥65 years in the Spanish region of Valencia. Each study investigator enrolled the first three hypertensive patients aged ≥65 years who came for a consultation on the first day of each week for 5 weeks. Each patient's risk factors, history of cardiovascular disease, CHADS(2) score and medical treatment were noted and an ECG was recorded. Data were analyzed centrally. A patient was regarded as having atrial fibrillation if it was observable on the ECG or reported in medical records. The study included 1,028 hypertensive patients with a mean age of 72.8 years. Overall, 10.3% had atrial fibrillation: in 6.7%, it was observable on the ECG while 3.6% were in sinus rhythm but had a history of the condition. Fact...
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2014
Objective: This study sought to assess whether the association between statin use and bone minera... more Objective: This study sought to assess whether the association between statin use and bone mineral density (BMD) and bone turnover markers is modulated by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) levels in postmenopausal women. Design, Participants, and Settings: Approximately 1422 postmenopausal women were recruited from the Camargo Cohort after excluding those with any known medical disorder or drug that might affect bone metabolism. Participants were categorized into four groups: 25OHD levels of 20 ng/mL or less and not taking statins (group 1; n ϭ 492); 25OHD levels greater than 20 ng/mL and on statins (group 2; n ϭ 143); 25OHD levels of 20 ng/mL or less and using statins (group 3; n ϭ 112); and 2OHD levels greater than 20 ng/mL and non-statin use (group 4; n ϭ 675). Multivariate analyses were performed to compare BMD and bone turnover markers between groups. Results: Women in group 2 had an adjusted femoral neck and total hip BMD higher than women in group 1 (P Ͻ .0001 and P ϭ .003, respectively). A trend toward a significant difference was observed regarding lumbar BMD (P ϭ .08). Serum aminoterminal propeptide of type 1 collagen and C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen levels were lower in group 2 than in group 1, in crude and adjusted models, although only serum C-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen difference was significant (P ϭ .009). Conclusions: Women on statins and serum 25OHD levels above 20 ng/mL have greater BMD and less bone resorption than those without either of the factors. Differences, however, are not significant in women with only one of them. Vitamin D and statins seem to interact positively in their effects on bone metabolism.
Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition), 2010
Introduction and objectives. In contrast to findings in stable ischemic heart disease, in acute c... more Introduction and objectives. In contrast to findings in stable ischemic heart disease, in acute coronary syndrome (ACS), measurement of the fractional flow reserve (FFR) using an intracoronary pressure wire has not been shown to be useful for evaluating angiographically equivocal coronary lesions. The aim of this study was to analyze outcomes at 1 year in ACS patients with lesions that were classed as intermediate on coronary angiography and which were not nonrevascularized because of the FFR value determined by intracoronary pressure wire. Methods. The observational study involved a cohort of patients admitted for ACS who had intermediate lesions on coronary angiography that were not revascularized because the FFR was >0.75. Functional studies were not carried out if there was angiographic evidence of instability. All-cause mortality, non-fatal myocardial infarction, revascularization of the target lesion and readmission for cardiac causes in the first year of the study were recorded. Results. The study included 106 patients with 127 lesions that were not revascularized because the FFR was >0.75. Their mean age was 69.9±10 years, 92 (86.8%) had non-ST-elevation ACS, the mean angiographic stenosis was 40.5±7.8%, and the mean FFR was 0.88±0.06. There were no complications during the procedure. The follow-up rate at 1 year was 95.1%. Events observed at 1 year were: 2 deaths (total mortality 1.9%), 0 fatal acute myocardial infarctions, 1 (0.9%) target lesion revascularization and 5 (4.7%) readmissions for cardiac causes. Conclusions. Once lesions with clear angiographic signs of instability are excluded, intracoronary pressure wire measurement could be useful in ACS patients for avoiding unnecessary revascularization of angiographically intermediate coronary lesions.
Revista Española de Cardiología, 2012
Introduccio´n y objetivos: Analizar la relació n entre pará metros inflamatorios y marcadores de ... more Introduccio´n y objetivos: Analizar la relació n entre pará metros inflamatorios y marcadores de apoptosis con la gravedad y la extensió n de la lesió n de ó rgano diana en pacientes con hipertensió n arterial esencial. Me´todos: Se ha reclutado, de manera consecutiva, a 159 pacientes hipertensos tratados, a los que se realizó un estudio exhaustivo de dañ o orgá nico cardiaco, renal y vascular, y se determinaron las concentraciones plasmá ticas de diferentes molé culas relacionadas con la inflamació n (interleucina 6 y receptor soluble tipo 2 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa) y apoptosis (receptor soluble tipo 1 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y receptor soluble Fas). Se dividió a los pacientes en cuatro grupos: a) sin lesió n de ó rgano diana (33 pacientes); b) lesió n a un nivel (52 pacientes); c) lesió n a dos niveles (44 pacientes) y d) lesió n a tres niveles (30 pacientes). Resultados: Los pacientes con lesió n de ó rgano diana presentaban valores plasmá ticos significativamente má s elevados de interleucina 6, receptor soluble tipo 1 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa y receptor soluble tipo 2 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa que los pacientes hipertensos sin lesió n orgá nica. Ademá s se objetivó un incremento progresivo de estos marcadores a medida que aumentaba el nú mero de lesiones con las cifras plasmá ticas má s elevadas en los pacientes con lesió n de ó rgano diana a tres niveles (cardiaco, renal y vascular). No hubo diferencias en el receptor soluble Fas entre las diferentes poblaciones. El aná lisis de regresió n logística mostró que los valores plasmá ticos de interleucina 6 y receptor soluble tipo 1 del factor de necrosis tumoral alfa, junto con edad, diabetes, tabaquismo y perímetro abdominal, se asociaban de manera independiente con el nú mero de lesiones de ó rgano diana. Conclusiones: Una enfermedad hipertensiva má s generalizada y con mayor nú mero de ó rganos diana afectados se asocia a mayor activació n inflamatoria y apoptó tica en pacientes hipertensos.
Frontiers in Bioscience, 2005
La ciutat en el món …, 1994
Información del artículo La ciudad romana de "Cápara" (Cáceres).