Jiarong Fang - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Jiarong Fang
The magnetic bearing is a novel high performance magnetic levitation bearing which has been devel... more The magnetic bearing is a novel high performance magnetic levitation bearing which has been developed rapidly since 50s. By introducing the principle and development of magnetic bearings, one new scheme of vertical hybrid permanent active superconducting magnetic bearings is presented and its two prototypes of flywheel energy storage systems are designed in this paper.
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](Proceedings of the IEEE, Nov 1, 2009
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Fusion Engineering and Design, 2021
COMPASS Upgrade is a new medium size, high magnetic field tokamak (R = 0.9 m, B t = 5 T, I p = 2 ... more COMPASS Upgrade is a new medium size, high magnetic field tokamak (R = 0.9 m, B t = 5 T, I p = 2 MA) currently under design in the Czech Republic. It will provide unique capabilities for addressing some of the key challenges in plasma exhaust physics, advanced confinement modes and advanced plasma configurations as well as testing new plasma facing materials and liquid metal divertor concepts. This paper contains an overview of the preliminary engineering design of the main systems of the COMPASS Upgrade tokamak (vacuum vessel, central solenoid and poloidal field coils, toroidal field coils, support structure, cryostat, cryogenic system, power supply system and machine monitoring and protection system). The description of foreseen auxiliary plasma heating systems and plasma diagnostics is also provided as well as a summary of expected plasma performance and available plasma configurations.
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Proceedings of the IEEE, 2009
A preliminary design is described for a demonstration system in Inner Mongolia to efficiently and... more A preliminary design is described for a demonstration system in Inner Mongolia to efficiently and cost competitively move coal through pipes.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2008
A spherical superconductor is fixed in a vacuum and surrounded by a harmonic magnetic field. In t... more A spherical superconductor is fixed in a vacuum and surrounded by a harmonic magnetic field. In this paper, we analyze the electromagnetic characteristics and ac loss of the rough sphere by two steps. Firstly, we regard a superconductor as a good conductor and determine the distribution of the magnetic flux density on the surface of a rough sphere. Then, regarding the surface of the sphere as an infinite plane relative to the penetration depth of niobium, we solve the electromagnetic field in a thin layer in which the magnetic field penetrates. By integrating the inner product of electric field and normal current we calculate the ac loss of the rough sphere basing on Maxwell equations and London equations. The results indicate that the superconductor produces ac loss when it is affected by the outside alternating magnetic field, even if it is in the Meissner state.
Fusion Science and Technology
Abstract Both PF1A upper coils and lower coils experienced difficult situations during the Nation... more Abstract Both PF1A upper coils and lower coils experienced difficult situations during the National Spherical Torus Experiment–Upgrade (NSTX-U) machine operations in 2016. There are huge up-down electromagnetic forces on PF1A terminals, coil leads, and bus bars. Therefore, further analysis and additional reinforcement supports are needed to reduce the stress on the coil terminals and leads. Structural, thermal, and electromagnetic analyses of the three-dimensional PF1A lower bus bar and coil lead model have been performed using imported electromagnetic loads with the worst cases of 96 scenarios through the global Biot-Savart stick model. The reinforcement blocks for the PF1A lower coil leads and flags and two clamps were analyzed and installed for field testing. The coil leads and bus bars used in the field testing were qualified for the normal NSTX-U operating loads allowing similar reinforcement details to be used in the real NSTX-U machine.
Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation (2002), 2002
China has very wide territory with more than one billion in population. Its fast developing econo... more China has very wide territory with more than one billion in population. Its fast developing economy will reach to the level of economies of middle-developed countries in the middle of 21st century. The needs for high-speed passenger transportation are increasing quite rapidly. This paper discusses necessary development strategies for high-speed passenger transportation in the coming years. The paper also summarizes the progress of a high-speed MAGLEV project in Shanghai, China. INTRODUCTION The history of the passenger transportation is characterized with the continuous increase of the operational speed. Every important technical breakthrough and application of a new transportation system is always related with a significant speed enhancement. A very important achievement in this area for 20th century is the use of the high-speed MAGLEV system. The development of MAGLEV proved that the speed of man-made ground transportation system would reach 500 km/h in the first half of 21st century. The need for high-speed passenger transportation in China is increasing rapidly, so it is important to define a correct development strategy for high-speed passenger transportation in the coming years. The development of high-speed MAGLEV shall be given high priority in China in order to fulfill the demands of large number of passengers quickly and efficiently. The present paper summarized the results of our strategy study and the progress of a high-speed MAGLEV project in Shanghai, China. STRATEGIC POSITION OF MAGLEV FOR PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION tll For passengers, the main factors to select their transportation vehicle are: travel time, safety, economy, comfort and convenience, etc. The selection is closely related to the social-economical
Superconductor Science and Technology, 2007
ABSTRACT YBCO coated conductor is commercially available now and will be widely used in various p... more ABSTRACT YBCO coated conductor is commercially available now and will be widely used in various practical power applications. In these applications, the conductor will be subjected to different kinds of mechanical stresses and strains. To achieve an optimal design of the devices, the transport characteristics under tensile, bending and torsional strains were investigated at 77 K and self-field. It is observed that the critical current Ic increases initially with applied strain, reaches a peak at εmax and then decreases with further increases of strain. The improvement of Ic at εmax can be attributed to the residual compressive strain and the shield of plastic deformation produced by the laminate layers. In AC cases, the induced Ic degradation causes an increase of transport loss, which can be described by the Norris model with a non-uniform current distribution. The torsion of the conductor can decrease the AC loss by field decoupling. The fluctuation of the n-value and the almost constant slope of the AC transport loss curves at applied strains in the measured range indicate the possibility of plastic deformation without the influence of the current distribution and the changes of the pinning potentials in the weak-link areas of the conductor.
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2001
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2003
This paper presents quench/recovery results, both experimental and simulation, of a 10-cm long YB... more This paper presents quench/recovery results, both experimental and simulation, of a 10-cm long YBCO test sample subjected to an over-current pulse. The sample was cooled by liquid nitrogen, either in a bath or forced through a narrow channel. Bath provides a better cooling than flow, at least for velocities of 3 and 5 cm/s used in the experiment.
A novel capsule pipeline transportation system using a linear synchronous motor, called Magplane ... more A novel capsule pipeline transportation system using a linear synchronous motor, called Magplane MagPipe, is under development with the intention to replace trucks and railways for hauling materials from the mine to the rail head, power plant or processing plant with reduced operating cost and energy consumption. The initial demonstration of a MagPipe line in Inner Mongolia will be a 500 meter long doublepipe coal transport system with the design transportation capacity of 3 Mega-tonnes per year. The pipeline consists of 6 meter long plastic pipe modules with an I-beam suspension system inside the pipe to carry sets of five coupled capsules. The pipe will also contain non-continuous motor winding modules spaced at 50 meter intervals. A set of Halbach-arrayed permanent magnets on the bottom of the capsules interact with the linear motor windings to provide propulsion. The motor is driven by variable frequency drives outside the pipe to control the speed. This paper describes the preliminary design results of MagPipe system.
This paper describes a 3D dynamic simulation model that was developed to simulate and control the... more This paper describes a 3D dynamic simulation model that was developed to simulate and control the dynamic response of the magnetically levitated Magplane vehicle subject to periodic guideway disturbances, vertical and lateral accelerations in curves, and strong side wind forces. In the 3D simulation model, because both pitch angle and yaw angle of the vehicle are very small, a distributed control system was used to independently control the front and rear of the vehicle. By applying active control strategies in the secondary suspension system which supports lift pads, the ride quality was significantly improved.
A one-dimension heat transfer model was developed to calculate the temperature rise and distribut... more A one-dimension heat transfer model was developed to calculate the temperature rise and distribution along the guideway conductive sheets caused by drag forces of the lift pads and the linear synchronous motors (LSM) windings caused by the resistive loss of the propulsion currents. We assume that an urban Magplane line has a station for every 3km of guideway distance, and a 5-section Magplane car set leaves a station at intervals of 90s with a levitation gap of 5cm in the acceleration section. Models for forced-flow air cooling or natural convection induced flow in inclined parallel channels are examined with the goal of controlling the temperature rise of the initial two 150 meter sections of the LSM windings at the exit ramp of each station.
It has been a pleasure to assemble these outstanding papers on Linear Motor Powered Transportatio... more It has been a pleasure to assemble these outstanding papers on Linear Motor Powered Transportation: Past, Present, and Future. This topic takes on increasing importance as we seek ways to make transport systems faster, more efficient, and more affordable. We were able to recruit outstanding engineers and managers to devote many hours to writing these papers, which come from six countries on three continents. The authors are from industry and academia, and are all experts in their field. We encouraged the authors to describe current supporting technology and linear motor systems, past history, and projections for the future. These papers have broad coverage of important ideas and can be understood by people who are not experts in the field. Many of the papers include substantial bibliographies that can be used to further explore the topics. There are many types of linear motors, but most of those discussed in these papers are the short primary linear induction motor (LIM) and the lon...
Fusion Science and Technology
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
The magnetic bearing is a novel high performance magnetic levitation bearing which has been devel... more The magnetic bearing is a novel high performance magnetic levitation bearing which has been developed rapidly since 50s. By introducing the principle and development of magnetic bearings, one new scheme of vertical hybrid permanent active superconducting magnetic bearings is presented and its two prototypes of flywheel energy storage systems are designed in this paper.
Proceedings of the IEEE, Nov 1, 2009
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Fusion Engineering and Design, 2021
COMPASS Upgrade is a new medium size, high magnetic field tokamak (R = 0.9 m, B t = 5 T, I p = 2 ... more COMPASS Upgrade is a new medium size, high magnetic field tokamak (R = 0.9 m, B t = 5 T, I p = 2 MA) currently under design in the Czech Republic. It will provide unique capabilities for addressing some of the key challenges in plasma exhaust physics, advanced confinement modes and advanced plasma configurations as well as testing new plasma facing materials and liquid metal divertor concepts. This paper contains an overview of the preliminary engineering design of the main systems of the COMPASS Upgrade tokamak (vacuum vessel, central solenoid and poloidal field coils, toroidal field coils, support structure, cryostat, cryogenic system, power supply system and machine monitoring and protection system). The description of foreseen auxiliary plasma heating systems and plasma diagnostics is also provided as well as a summary of expected plasma performance and available plasma configurations.
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science
Proceedings of the IEEE, 2009
A preliminary design is described for a demonstration system in Inner Mongolia to efficiently and... more A preliminary design is described for a demonstration system in Inner Mongolia to efficiently and cost competitively move coal through pipes.
IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 2008
A spherical superconductor is fixed in a vacuum and surrounded by a harmonic magnetic field. In t... more A spherical superconductor is fixed in a vacuum and surrounded by a harmonic magnetic field. In this paper, we analyze the electromagnetic characteristics and ac loss of the rough sphere by two steps. Firstly, we regard a superconductor as a good conductor and determine the distribution of the magnetic flux density on the surface of a rough sphere. Then, regarding the surface of the sphere as an infinite plane relative to the penetration depth of niobium, we solve the electromagnetic field in a thin layer in which the magnetic field penetrates. By integrating the inner product of electric field and normal current we calculate the ac loss of the rough sphere basing on Maxwell equations and London equations. The results indicate that the superconductor produces ac loss when it is affected by the outside alternating magnetic field, even if it is in the Meissner state.
Fusion Science and Technology
Abstract Both PF1A upper coils and lower coils experienced difficult situations during the Nation... more Abstract Both PF1A upper coils and lower coils experienced difficult situations during the National Spherical Torus Experiment–Upgrade (NSTX-U) machine operations in 2016. There are huge up-down electromagnetic forces on PF1A terminals, coil leads, and bus bars. Therefore, further analysis and additional reinforcement supports are needed to reduce the stress on the coil terminals and leads. Structural, thermal, and electromagnetic analyses of the three-dimensional PF1A lower bus bar and coil lead model have been performed using imported electromagnetic loads with the worst cases of 96 scenarios through the global Biot-Savart stick model. The reinforcement blocks for the PF1A lower coil leads and flags and two clamps were analyzed and installed for field testing. The coil leads and bus bars used in the field testing were qualified for the normal NSTX-U operating loads allowing similar reinforcement details to be used in the real NSTX-U machine.
Applications of Advanced Technologies in Transportation (2002), 2002
China has very wide territory with more than one billion in population. Its fast developing econo... more China has very wide territory with more than one billion in population. Its fast developing economy will reach to the level of economies of middle-developed countries in the middle of 21st century. The needs for high-speed passenger transportation are increasing quite rapidly. This paper discusses necessary development strategies for high-speed passenger transportation in the coming years. The paper also summarizes the progress of a high-speed MAGLEV project in Shanghai, China. INTRODUCTION The history of the passenger transportation is characterized with the continuous increase of the operational speed. Every important technical breakthrough and application of a new transportation system is always related with a significant speed enhancement. A very important achievement in this area for 20th century is the use of the high-speed MAGLEV system. The development of MAGLEV proved that the speed of man-made ground transportation system would reach 500 km/h in the first half of 21st century. The need for high-speed passenger transportation in China is increasing rapidly, so it is important to define a correct development strategy for high-speed passenger transportation in the coming years. The development of high-speed MAGLEV shall be given high priority in China in order to fulfill the demands of large number of passengers quickly and efficiently. The present paper summarized the results of our strategy study and the progress of a high-speed MAGLEV project in Shanghai, China. STRATEGIC POSITION OF MAGLEV FOR PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION tll For passengers, the main factors to select their transportation vehicle are: travel time, safety, economy, comfort and convenience, etc. The selection is closely related to the social-economical
Superconductor Science and Technology, 2007
ABSTRACT YBCO coated conductor is commercially available now and will be widely used in various p... more ABSTRACT YBCO coated conductor is commercially available now and will be widely used in various practical power applications. In these applications, the conductor will be subjected to different kinds of mechanical stresses and strains. To achieve an optimal design of the devices, the transport characteristics under tensile, bending and torsional strains were investigated at 77 K and self-field. It is observed that the critical current Ic increases initially with applied strain, reaches a peak at εmax and then decreases with further increases of strain. The improvement of Ic at εmax can be attributed to the residual compressive strain and the shield of plastic deformation produced by the laminate layers. In AC cases, the induced Ic degradation causes an increase of transport loss, which can be described by the Norris model with a non-uniform current distribution. The torsion of the conductor can decrease the AC loss by field decoupling. The fluctuation of the n-value and the almost constant slope of the AC transport loss curves at applied strains in the measured range indicate the possibility of plastic deformation without the influence of the current distribution and the changes of the pinning potentials in the weak-link areas of the conductor.
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2001
IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity, 2003
This paper presents quench/recovery results, both experimental and simulation, of a 10-cm long YB... more This paper presents quench/recovery results, both experimental and simulation, of a 10-cm long YBCO test sample subjected to an over-current pulse. The sample was cooled by liquid nitrogen, either in a bath or forced through a narrow channel. Bath provides a better cooling than flow, at least for velocities of 3 and 5 cm/s used in the experiment.
A novel capsule pipeline transportation system using a linear synchronous motor, called Magplane ... more A novel capsule pipeline transportation system using a linear synchronous motor, called Magplane MagPipe, is under development with the intention to replace trucks and railways for hauling materials from the mine to the rail head, power plant or processing plant with reduced operating cost and energy consumption. The initial demonstration of a MagPipe line in Inner Mongolia will be a 500 meter long doublepipe coal transport system with the design transportation capacity of 3 Mega-tonnes per year. The pipeline consists of 6 meter long plastic pipe modules with an I-beam suspension system inside the pipe to carry sets of five coupled capsules. The pipe will also contain non-continuous motor winding modules spaced at 50 meter intervals. A set of Halbach-arrayed permanent magnets on the bottom of the capsules interact with the linear motor windings to provide propulsion. The motor is driven by variable frequency drives outside the pipe to control the speed. This paper describes the preliminary design results of MagPipe system.
This paper describes a 3D dynamic simulation model that was developed to simulate and control the... more This paper describes a 3D dynamic simulation model that was developed to simulate and control the dynamic response of the magnetically levitated Magplane vehicle subject to periodic guideway disturbances, vertical and lateral accelerations in curves, and strong side wind forces. In the 3D simulation model, because both pitch angle and yaw angle of the vehicle are very small, a distributed control system was used to independently control the front and rear of the vehicle. By applying active control strategies in the secondary suspension system which supports lift pads, the ride quality was significantly improved.
A one-dimension heat transfer model was developed to calculate the temperature rise and distribut... more A one-dimension heat transfer model was developed to calculate the temperature rise and distribution along the guideway conductive sheets caused by drag forces of the lift pads and the linear synchronous motors (LSM) windings caused by the resistive loss of the propulsion currents. We assume that an urban Magplane line has a station for every 3km of guideway distance, and a 5-section Magplane car set leaves a station at intervals of 90s with a levitation gap of 5cm in the acceleration section. Models for forced-flow air cooling or natural convection induced flow in inclined parallel channels are examined with the goal of controlling the temperature rise of the initial two 150 meter sections of the LSM windings at the exit ramp of each station.
It has been a pleasure to assemble these outstanding papers on Linear Motor Powered Transportatio... more It has been a pleasure to assemble these outstanding papers on Linear Motor Powered Transportation: Past, Present, and Future. This topic takes on increasing importance as we seek ways to make transport systems faster, more efficient, and more affordable. We were able to recruit outstanding engineers and managers to devote many hours to writing these papers, which come from six countries on three continents. The authors are from industry and academia, and are all experts in their field. We encouraged the authors to describe current supporting technology and linear motor systems, past history, and projections for the future. These papers have broad coverage of important ideas and can be understood by people who are not experts in the field. Many of the papers include substantial bibliographies that can be used to further explore the topics. There are many types of linear motors, but most of those discussed in these papers are the short primary linear induction motor (LIM) and the lon...
Fusion Science and Technology
IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science