Joachim Wahle - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Joachim Wahle
Tragische Fährunglücke in den vergangenen Jahren haben zur Forderung nach verbesserten Sicherheit... more Tragische Fährunglücke in den vergangenen Jahren haben zur Forderung nach verbesserten Sicherheitsstandards für Fahrgastschiffe geführt. Dabei spielt die Planung von Maßnahmen für Notfallsituationen, ihre genaue Bewertung und vor allem die Vorhersage der Evakuierungsdauer eine Schlüsselrolle. So müssen an oder nach dem 1. Juli 1999 gebaute Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro-) Fahrgastschiffe bereits im frühen Entwurfsstadium einer Evakuierungsanalyse unterzogen werden . In diesem Beitrag werden die Grundlagen und die Implementierung einer neuen Methode für die mikroskopische Simulation von Evakuierungsprozessen beschrieben.
The prediction and modelling of traffic flow is one of the future challenges. Although larger cit... more The prediction and modelling of traffic flow is one of the future challenges. Although larger cities own traffic control centres with several traffic computers and hundreds of intersection controllers the potential to optimise the flow is rarely used. In a co-operation between the municipal authority and the university of Duisburg we developed a simulation tool to generate an actual traffic flow map based on the data measured at the detection loops all over inner city of Duisburg. The underlying traffic flow model allows us to determine traffic loads and link travel times even at those points not measured directly by detection units. With such a tool tasks of planning and the prediction of traffic can be performed.
Until recently there existed little evidence in support of the stability of ferromagnetism in the... more Until recently there existed little evidence in support of the stability of ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model at finite U and thermodynamically relevant electronic densities, except for very special circumstances. This has to do with the fact that itinerant ferromagnetism is a strong-coupling phenomenon whose investigation requires non-perturbative techniques. Here we report the results of extensive finite-temperature Quantum Monte Carlo
The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest o... more The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest over the last years. Most of the approaches utilise so called flow models. Cellular automaton models, widely used for traffic simulations, on the other hand provide a more natural approach towards pedestrian dynamics. Two major difficulties are intrinsical to the problem: two-dimensional movement of pedestrians and the complexity of psychological and social influences. In this paper a simple CA-model for the description of crowd motion is presented and its implementation in a simulation software outlined. The validity of the assumptions and the scope of the applications will have to be scrutinised by comparison with empirical data from actual evacuations or drills.
In this paper we present and review a framework for online simulations and predictions which are ... more In this paper we present and review a framework for online simulations and predictions which are based on the combination of real-world traffic data and a multi-agent traffic flow model. The agent architecture consists of two layers which distinguish the different tasks that road users have to perform. The framework is applied to the urban road network of Duisburg and the freeway network of North Rhine-Westphalia. On the basis of historical data heuristics are derived, which can be combined with the dynamic data of the simulations to provide a short-term traffic forecast. The necessity for an anticipatory traffic forecast, which includes decision-making and route choice behavior of the road users, is discussed.
The paper reports laboratory experiments on a day -to-day route choice game with two routes. Subj... more The paper reports laboratory experiments on a day -to-day route choice game with two routes. Subjects had to choose between a main road M and a side road S. The capacity was greater for the main road. 18 subjects participated in each session. In equilibrium the number of subjects is 12 on M and 6 on S. Two treatments with
Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route- Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autob... more Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route- Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autobahn Traffic in North Rhine-Westphalia Reinhard Seltena, Michael Schreckenbergb, Thorsten Chmura", Thomas Pitza, Sebastian Kubea, SigurSur F. Hafsteinb, Roland Chrobokb, ...
Kurzfassung Am Lehrstuhl "Physik von Transport und Verkehr" der Gerhard-Mercator Univer... more Kurzfassung Am Lehrstuhl "Physik von Transport und Verkehr" der Gerhard-Mercator Universität Duis-burg wird ein leistungsfähiger Verkehrs-Simulator entwickelt, der in der Lage ist, den ge-samten Autobahnverkehr in Nordrhein-Westfalen in mehrfacher Echtzeit auf einem han-delsüblichen PC zu simulieren. Die Ergebnisse der Simulation können in einer mikrosko-pischen Visualisierungs-Schnittstelle sowie auf einer Verkehrslagen-Karte von Nordrhein-Westfalen betrachtet werden. Das zugrundeliegende Verkehrs-Modell ist eine Weiterent-wicklung des Nagel-Schreckenbergs Zellularautomaten-Modells mit feinerer räumlicher Diskkretisierung, antizipierendem Fahren, asymmetrischen Regeln für den Spurwechsel und PKW/LKW-Unterscheidung. Der Simulator bekommt minütlich Daten von mehr als 4000 Induktions-Schleifen, die auf der Autobahn installiert sind. Die Daten werden mit dem virtuellen Verkehrszustand im Simulator verglichen um diesen ggf. anzupassen.
Theory and Practical Issues on Cellular Automata, 2001
The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest o... more The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest over the last years. Most of the approaches utilise so called flow models. Cellular automaton models, widely used for traffic simulations, on the other hand provide a more natural approach towards pedestrian dynamics. Two major difficulties are intrinsical to the problem: two-dimensional movement of pedestrians and the complexity of psychological and social influences. In this paper a simple CA-model for the description of crowd motion is presented and its implementation in a simulation software outlined. The validity of the assumptions and the scope of the applications will have to be scrutinised by comparison with empirical data from actual evacuations or drills.
Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series, 2005
In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-lin... more In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-line data stemming from inductive loops is presented. In order to provide network-wide information about the current traffic state a cellular automaton traffic flow model is combined with the measured data. The framework is applied to the freeway network of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), where data from about 3,500 inductive loops are provided on-line minute by minute. Special attention is paid to the technical aspects of the simulation like the network structure. Results are presented and discussed.
ITSC 2001. 2001 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8585), 2001
... Furthermore, heuristics are developed based on the statistical analysis of historical data. K... more ... Furthermore, heuristics are developed based on the statistical analysis of historical data. Keywords-On-line Simulation, Cellular Automata, Fore-cast, Information Analysis, Real-time Systems, Traffic Data I. INTRODUCTION ...
this paper is as follows: Firstly, the cellular automaton approach isintroduced. Relevant quantit... more this paper is as follows: Firstly, the cellular automaton approach isintroduced. Relevant quantities of the measurements are presented. Additionally, anoverview of modifications of the original model is given which are needed to reproducea variety of effects known from real traffic under several conditions. We will alsopresent analytical treatments valid at least in certain limits or approximations. Theunderlying road network and
We present an investigation of a driven random- walk model which is used to simulate pedestrian m... more We present an investigation of a driven random- walk model which is used to simulate pedestrian motion. We analyse the dependency of the global density and the mean velocity on the boundary density for open and periodic boundary conditions. Global and local fundamental diagrams are presented for a random sequential and parallel update. In addition, an analytical solution for the
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2002
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2000
In our daily lives we often have to face binary decisions where we seek to take the minority's ch... more In our daily lives we often have to face binary decisions where we seek to take the minority's choice, e.g., in traffic scenarios where we have to choose between similar alternative routes. In previous papers, we have dealt with an agent coordination mechanism for binary decision models introduced in the literature recently: the El Farol Bar Problem. Extending this model, we have proposed personalities which model certain types of human behaviour, and we have simulated different populations of these personalities. Our previous work has given insights into the impact of commuters' behaviours and it addresses relegated issues in traditional traffic simulation. In this paper the simulation is extended to include evolutionary aspects. We evolve populations of agents with personalities in order to assess whether the personalities that did better in the original scenario (in particular the "wayward" agents) are evolutionarily stable. We find that personalities which are more flexible than the wayward agents do better in evolutionary terms.
In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-lin... more In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-line data stemming from inductive loops is presented. In order to provide network-wide information about the current traffic state a cellular automaton traffic flow model is combined with the measured data. The framework is applied to the freeway network of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), where data from about 3,500 inductive loops are provided on-line minute by minute. Special attention is paid to the technical aspects of the simulation like the network structure. Results are presented and discussed.
Tragische Fährunglücke in den vergangenen Jahren haben zur Forderung nach verbesserten Sicherheit... more Tragische Fährunglücke in den vergangenen Jahren haben zur Forderung nach verbesserten Sicherheitsstandards für Fahrgastschiffe geführt. Dabei spielt die Planung von Maßnahmen für Notfallsituationen, ihre genaue Bewertung und vor allem die Vorhersage der Evakuierungsdauer eine Schlüsselrolle. So müssen an oder nach dem 1. Juli 1999 gebaute Roll-on/Roll-off (Ro-Ro-) Fahrgastschiffe bereits im frühen Entwurfsstadium einer Evakuierungsanalyse unterzogen werden . In diesem Beitrag werden die Grundlagen und die Implementierung einer neuen Methode für die mikroskopische Simulation von Evakuierungsprozessen beschrieben.
The prediction and modelling of traffic flow is one of the future challenges. Although larger cit... more The prediction and modelling of traffic flow is one of the future challenges. Although larger cities own traffic control centres with several traffic computers and hundreds of intersection controllers the potential to optimise the flow is rarely used. In a co-operation between the municipal authority and the university of Duisburg we developed a simulation tool to generate an actual traffic flow map based on the data measured at the detection loops all over inner city of Duisburg. The underlying traffic flow model allows us to determine traffic loads and link travel times even at those points not measured directly by detection units. With such a tool tasks of planning and the prediction of traffic can be performed.
Until recently there existed little evidence in support of the stability of ferromagnetism in the... more Until recently there existed little evidence in support of the stability of ferromagnetism in the Hubbard model at finite U and thermodynamically relevant electronic densities, except for very special circumstances. This has to do with the fact that itinerant ferromagnetism is a strong-coupling phenomenon whose investigation requires non-perturbative techniques. Here we report the results of extensive finite-temperature Quantum Monte Carlo
The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest o... more The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest over the last years. Most of the approaches utilise so called flow models. Cellular automaton models, widely used for traffic simulations, on the other hand provide a more natural approach towards pedestrian dynamics. Two major difficulties are intrinsical to the problem: two-dimensional movement of pedestrians and the complexity of psychological and social influences. In this paper a simple CA-model for the description of crowd motion is presented and its implementation in a simulation software outlined. The validity of the assumptions and the scope of the applications will have to be scrutinised by comparison with empirical data from actual evacuations or drills.
In this paper we present and review a framework for online simulations and predictions which are ... more In this paper we present and review a framework for online simulations and predictions which are based on the combination of real-world traffic data and a multi-agent traffic flow model. The agent architecture consists of two layers which distinguish the different tasks that road users have to perform. The framework is applied to the urban road network of Duisburg and the freeway network of North Rhine-Westphalia. On the basis of historical data heuristics are derived, which can be combined with the dynamic data of the simulations to provide a short-term traffic forecast. The necessity for an anticipatory traffic forecast, which includes decision-making and route choice behavior of the road users, is discussed.
The paper reports laboratory experiments on a day -to-day route choice game with two routes. Subj... more The paper reports laboratory experiments on a day -to-day route choice game with two routes. Subjects had to choose between a main road M and a side road S. The capacity was greater for the main road. 18 subjects participated in each session. In equilibrium the number of subjects is 12 on M and 6 on S. Two treatments with
Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route- Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autob... more Experimental Investigation of Day-to-Day Route- Choice Behaviour and Network Simulations of Autobahn Traffic in North Rhine-Westphalia Reinhard Seltena, Michael Schreckenbergb, Thorsten Chmura", Thomas Pitza, Sebastian Kubea, SigurSur F. Hafsteinb, Roland Chrobokb, ...
Kurzfassung Am Lehrstuhl "Physik von Transport und Verkehr" der Gerhard-Mercator Univer... more Kurzfassung Am Lehrstuhl "Physik von Transport und Verkehr" der Gerhard-Mercator Universität Duis-burg wird ein leistungsfähiger Verkehrs-Simulator entwickelt, der in der Lage ist, den ge-samten Autobahnverkehr in Nordrhein-Westfalen in mehrfacher Echtzeit auf einem han-delsüblichen PC zu simulieren. Die Ergebnisse der Simulation können in einer mikrosko-pischen Visualisierungs-Schnittstelle sowie auf einer Verkehrslagen-Karte von Nordrhein-Westfalen betrachtet werden. Das zugrundeliegende Verkehrs-Modell ist eine Weiterent-wicklung des Nagel-Schreckenbergs Zellularautomaten-Modells mit feinerer räumlicher Diskkretisierung, antizipierendem Fahren, asymmetrischen Regeln für den Spurwechsel und PKW/LKW-Unterscheidung. Der Simulator bekommt minütlich Daten von mehr als 4000 Induktions-Schleifen, die auf der Autobahn installiert sind. Die Daten werden mit dem virtuellen Verkehrszustand im Simulator verglichen um diesen ggf. anzupassen.
Theory and Practical Issues on Cellular Automata, 2001
The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest o... more The analysis of evacuation processes on-board passenger ships has attracted increasing interest over the last years. Most of the approaches utilise so called flow models. Cellular automaton models, widely used for traffic simulations, on the other hand provide a more natural approach towards pedestrian dynamics. Two major difficulties are intrinsical to the problem: two-dimensional movement of pedestrians and the complexity of psychological and social influences. In this paper a simple CA-model for the description of crowd motion is presented and its implementation in a simulation software outlined. The validity of the assumptions and the scope of the applications will have to be scrutinised by comparison with empirical data from actual evacuations or drills.
Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series, 2005
In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-lin... more In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-line data stemming from inductive loops is presented. In order to provide network-wide information about the current traffic state a cellular automaton traffic flow model is combined with the measured data. The framework is applied to the freeway network of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), where data from about 3,500 inductive loops are provided on-line minute by minute. Special attention is paid to the technical aspects of the simulation like the network structure. Results are presented and discussed.
ITSC 2001. 2001 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems. Proceedings (Cat. No.01TH8585), 2001
... Furthermore, heuristics are developed based on the statistical analysis of historical data. K... more ... Furthermore, heuristics are developed based on the statistical analysis of historical data. Keywords-On-line Simulation, Cellular Automata, Fore-cast, Information Analysis, Real-time Systems, Traffic Data I. INTRODUCTION ...
this paper is as follows: Firstly, the cellular automaton approach isintroduced. Relevant quantit... more this paper is as follows: Firstly, the cellular automaton approach isintroduced. Relevant quantities of the measurements are presented. Additionally, anoverview of modifications of the original model is given which are needed to reproducea variety of effects known from real traffic under several conditions. We will alsopresent analytical treatments valid at least in certain limits or approximations. Theunderlying road network and
We present an investigation of a driven random- walk model which is used to simulate pedestrian m... more We present an investigation of a driven random- walk model which is used to simulate pedestrian motion. We analyse the dependency of the global density and the mean velocity on the boundary density for open and periodic boundary conditions. Global and local fundamental diagrams are presented for a random sequential and parallel update. In addition, an analytical solution for the
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2002
Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2000
In our daily lives we often have to face binary decisions where we seek to take the minority's ch... more In our daily lives we often have to face binary decisions where we seek to take the minority's choice, e.g., in traffic scenarios where we have to choose between similar alternative routes. In previous papers, we have dealt with an agent coordination mechanism for binary decision models introduced in the literature recently: the El Farol Bar Problem. Extending this model, we have proposed personalities which model certain types of human behaviour, and we have simulated different populations of these personalities. Our previous work has given insights into the impact of commuters' behaviours and it addresses relegated issues in traditional traffic simulation. In this paper the simulation is extended to include evolutionary aspects. We evolve populations of agents with personalities in order to assess whether the personalities that did better in the original scenario (in particular the "wayward" agents) are evolutionarily stable. We find that personalities which are more flexible than the wayward agents do better in evolutionary terms.
In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-lin... more In this contribution a micro-simulator for freeway traffic which is coupled to a stream of on-line data stemming from inductive loops is presented. In order to provide network-wide information about the current traffic state a cellular automaton traffic flow model is combined with the measured data. The framework is applied to the freeway network of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), where data from about 3,500 inductive loops are provided on-line minute by minute. Special attention is paid to the technical aspects of the simulation like the network structure. Results are presented and discussed.