Jon Sanford - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jon Sanford

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2005

To compare in-home therapy via wireless televideo (telerehab) with in-person therapy. Design: Ran... more To compare in-home therapy via wireless televideo (telerehab) with in-person therapy. Design: Randomized trial. Setting: A Veterans Affairs medical center and a private rehabilitation hospital. Participants: Community-dwelling adults recently prescribed a walker or a wheelchair. Intervention: 4 therapy sessions, either in-person or via wireless televideo, including home hazard assessment and prescription of adaptive strategies. Main Outcome Measures: Number and type of problems identified, number and type of recommendations, proportion of recommendations implemented. Functional outcomes at 6 and 26 weeks (data collection ongoing). Results: To date, 21 subjects have been randomized to the telerehab (nϭ11) or in-person (nϭ12) interventions, with a mean age of 62 (range, 43-86y), 92% veterans, 87% male, 39% white, and 13% live alone. Total number of problems identified: 195 in-person, 136 telerehab; similar number of problems were identified for transfer tasks for both groups, but more problems with room-to-room mobility were identified in-person (mean problems/person, 3.4 in-person vs 1.8 telerehab; Pϭ.05). Total number of recommendations: 185 in-person, 141 telerehab; a similar number of recommendations were made for transfer tasks, but there was a trend toward more recommendations for room-to-room mobility in-person (mean recommendations/person, 2.75 in-person vs 1.36 telerehab; Pϭ.08). Proportion of all recommendations implemented: 60% in-person; 52% telerehab, with no significant differences between the 2 groups for any of the tasks. Conclusions: Equivalent numbers of problems were detected and interventions recommended for transfer tasks, but somewhat more problems were detected in-person for room-to-room mobility. Implementation of recommendations appears to be equivalent for the 2 groups. It is feasible to use wireless televideo technology to carry out home hazard assessment and to prescribe adaptive strategies.

Disability and Health Journal

Innovation in Aging

There is a critical need to develop supports for older adults who have a wide range of abilities,... more There is a critical need to develop supports for older adults who have a wide range of abilities, including those aging with long-term impairments. Without appropriate support, many individuals will be functioning below optimal levels and will face participation barriers. Technology holds great promise to provide individualized support for a wide range of abilities and for a variety of domains. To ensure technology interventions are designed well and meet research-documented user requirements, we need more specific, actionable models to provide guidance for those developing and designing interventions. In this paper, we present the TechSAge Aging and Disability Model to bridge models from the aging and disability literatures and to disambiguate the population of individuals aging into disability from those aging with disability (i.e., pre-existing impairments). We also present the TechSAge Technology Intervention Model to support aging with pre-existing impairments, which provides d...

Technology and Disability

Technology and Disability

Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology, Jan 9, 2018

Kinetic characteristics of transfers to and from a toilet performed using bilateral grab bars are... more Kinetic characteristics of transfers to and from a toilet performed using bilateral grab bars are not fully quantified to inform grab bar design and configuration. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine effects of bilateral swing-away grab bars on peaks of ankle, knee and hip joint moments during grab bar assisted stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand transfers; and (2) determine effects of three different heights and widths of swing-away grab bars on the same kinetic characteristics. Healthy subjects (N = 11, age 25-58 years) performed stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand transfers with and without grab bars. In transfers with grab bars, 9 grab bar configurations were tested by varying their height from the floor (0.787 m, 0.813 m, 0.838 m; 31″-33″) and width, the distance of each grab bar from the toilet's centerline (0.330 m, 0.356 m, 0.381 m; 13″-15″). Motion capture, force plate and inverse dynamics analysis were used to determine lower limb joint moments. The use of bilateral gra...

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, Nov 6, 2017

Over 50 million United States citizens (1 in 6 people in the US) have a developmental, acquired, ... more Over 50 million United States citizens (1 in 6 people in the US) have a developmental, acquired, or degenerative disability. The average US citizen can expect to live 20% of his or her life with a disability. Rehabilitation technologies play a major role in improving the quality of life for people with a disability, yet widespread and highly challenging needs remain. Within the US, a major effort aimed at the creation and evaluation of rehabilitation technology has been the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers (RERCs) sponsored by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research. As envisioned at their conception by a panel of the National Academy of Science in 1970, these centers were intended to take a "total approach to rehabilitation", combining medicine, engineering, and related science, to improve the quality of life of individuals with a disability. Here, we review the scope, achievements, and ongoing projects of an unbias...

HERD, Apr 1, 2017

To identify the optimal spatial and dimensional requirements of grab bars that support independen... more To identify the optimal spatial and dimensional requirements of grab bars that support independent and assisted transfers by older adults and their care providers. Although research has demonstrated that toilet grab bars based on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Accessibility Standards do not meet the needs of older adults, the specific dimensional requirements for alternative configurations are unknown. A two-phased study with older adults and care providers in residential facilities was conducted to determine the optimal requirements for grab bars. Seniors and caregivers in skilled nursing facilities performed transfers using a mock-up toilet. In Phase 1, participants evaluated three grab bar configurations to identify optimal characteristics for safety, ease of use, comfort, and helpfulness. These characteristics were then validated for using ability-matched samples in Phase 2. The optimal configuration derived in Phase 1 included fold-down grab bars on both sides of the...

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting

Voting systems must be usable by all eligible voters regardless of their skills, abilities, and e... more Voting systems must be usable by all eligible voters regardless of their skills, abilities, and experiences. However, current voting systems do not provide accessibility to all voters, including those with physical and cognitive limitations. To make voting easier for people with and without disabilities, we developed a universal voting interface that integrates a simplified and flexible ballot design that includes multimodal I/O interfaces. The formative usability study results demonstrate people with various types of disabilities could perform the voting tasks on EZ Ballot using their preferred input. In order to refine the EZ Ballot interface, the study found the specific issues on design such as instruction, selection of candidates, confusion about going back, incorrect gestural interaction, and write-in interface.

Gerontechnology

... Key words: virtual reality, music therapy, aroma therapy, EEG, encouragement. ... of the Rock... more ... Key words: virtual reality, music therapy, aroma therapy, EEG, encouragement. ... of the Rocket in a home setting in order to determine the effects of sideways ... Author Address: Centre for Studies in Aging, Sunnybrook & Women's, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5 ...

Gerontechnology

... SEPAM / IBV: An expert system for assisted prescription of technical aids for mobility. ... A... more ... SEPAM / IBV: An expert system for assisted prescription of technical aids for mobility. ... An expertsystem (SEPAM/IBV) has been created, aimed at making prescrip-tion and subsequent selection of technical aids for mobility more reliable and procedural. ...

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology, Feb 22, 2017

Environmental assessments and subsequent modifications conducted by healthcare professionals can ... more Environmental assessments and subsequent modifications conducted by healthcare professionals can enhance home safety and promote independent living. However, travel time, expense and the availability of qualified professionals can limit the broad application of this intervention. Remote technology has the potential to increase access to home safety evaluations. This study describes the development and validation of a remote home safety protocol that can be used by a caregiver of an elderly person to video-record their home environment for later viewing and evaluation by a trained professional. The protocol was developed based on literature reviews and evaluations from clinical and content experts. Cognitive interviews were conducted with a group of six caregivers to validate the protocol. The final protocol included step-by-step directions to record indoor and outdoor areas of the home. The validation process resulted in modifications related to safety, clarity of the protocol, read...

American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2016

Date Presented 4/8/2016 A standardized remote home-safety assessment protocol was developed and v... more Date Presented 4/8/2016 A standardized remote home-safety assessment protocol was developed and validated on the basis of experts’ opinions and caregivers’ feedback and demonstrations. This protocol can be used by a caregiver to assist an occupational therapist in conducting a remote assessment of a client’s home. Primary Author and Speaker: Mijung Lee Contributing Authors: Ivana Simic, Jon A. Sanford, Sergio Romero

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2016

Assistive Technology the Official Journal of Resna, 2013

ABSTRACT Workplace accommodations to enable employees with disabilities to perform essential job ... more ABSTRACT Workplace accommodations to enable employees with disabilities to perform essential job tasks are an important strategy ways for increasing the presence of people with disabilities in the labor market. However, assessments, which are crucial to identifying necessary accommodations, are typically conducted using a variety of methods that lack consistent procedures and comprehensiveness of information. This can lead to the rediscovery of the same solutions over and over, inability to replicate assessments and a failure to effectively meet all of an individual's accommodation needs. To address standardize assessment tools and processes, a taxonomy of demand-producing activity factors is needed to complement the taxonomies of demand-producing person and environment factors already available in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The purpose of this article is to propose a hierarchical model of accommodation assessment based on level of specificity of job activity. While the proposed model is neither a taxonomy nor an assessment process, the seven-level hierarchical model provides a conceptual framework of job activity that is the first step toward such a taxonomy as well as providing a common language that can bridge the many approaches to assessment. The model was designed and refined through testing against various job examples. Different levels of activity are defined to be easily linked to different accommodation strategies. Finally, the levels can be cross-walked to the ICF, which enhances its acceptability, utility and universality.

2009 Ieee International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics, 2009

This paper presents an empirical study of two student pairs collaborating on two small products d... more This paper presents an empirical study of two student pairs collaborating on two small products design session in both face-to-face and distributed settings while using computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies and a collaborative virtual environment (CVE). To gain insight about the way designers communicate and collaborate, the observation focused on how much time the students worked together and individually in the

Museums, science centers, zoos and aquaria are faced with educating and entertaining an increasin... more Museums, science centers, zoos and aquaria are faced with educating and entertaining an increasingly diverse visitor population with varying physical and sensory needs. There are very few guidelines to help these facilities develop non-visual exhibit information, especially for dynamic exhibits. In an effort to make such informal learning environments (ILEs) more accessible to visually impaired visitors, the Georgia Tech Accessible Aquarium Project is studying auditory display and sonification methods for use in exhibit interpretation. The work presented here represents the initial tool building stage. We discuss the sonification system we are developing, and present some examples of the soundscape implementations that have been produced so far.

Physical Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 2001

... Jon Pynoos is affiliated with the National Resource Center on Supportive Housing and Home Mod... more ... Jon Pynoos is affiliated with the National Resource Center on Supportive Housing and Home Modifications, Andrus Gerontology Center, University of ... The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Traci Rosenfelt, OTRL, and Joanie Browne, EHLS CEO, without ...

Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 2005

To compare in-home therapy via wireless televideo (telerehab) with in-person therapy. Design: Ran... more To compare in-home therapy via wireless televideo (telerehab) with in-person therapy. Design: Randomized trial. Setting: A Veterans Affairs medical center and a private rehabilitation hospital. Participants: Community-dwelling adults recently prescribed a walker or a wheelchair. Intervention: 4 therapy sessions, either in-person or via wireless televideo, including home hazard assessment and prescription of adaptive strategies. Main Outcome Measures: Number and type of problems identified, number and type of recommendations, proportion of recommendations implemented. Functional outcomes at 6 and 26 weeks (data collection ongoing). Results: To date, 21 subjects have been randomized to the telerehab (nϭ11) or in-person (nϭ12) interventions, with a mean age of 62 (range, 43-86y), 92% veterans, 87% male, 39% white, and 13% live alone. Total number of problems identified: 195 in-person, 136 telerehab; similar number of problems were identified for transfer tasks for both groups, but more problems with room-to-room mobility were identified in-person (mean problems/person, 3.4 in-person vs 1.8 telerehab; Pϭ.05). Total number of recommendations: 185 in-person, 141 telerehab; a similar number of recommendations were made for transfer tasks, but there was a trend toward more recommendations for room-to-room mobility in-person (mean recommendations/person, 2.75 in-person vs 1.36 telerehab; Pϭ.08). Proportion of all recommendations implemented: 60% in-person; 52% telerehab, with no significant differences between the 2 groups for any of the tasks. Conclusions: Equivalent numbers of problems were detected and interventions recommended for transfer tasks, but somewhat more problems were detected in-person for room-to-room mobility. Implementation of recommendations appears to be equivalent for the 2 groups. It is feasible to use wireless televideo technology to carry out home hazard assessment and to prescribe adaptive strategies.

Disability and Health Journal

Innovation in Aging

There is a critical need to develop supports for older adults who have a wide range of abilities,... more There is a critical need to develop supports for older adults who have a wide range of abilities, including those aging with long-term impairments. Without appropriate support, many individuals will be functioning below optimal levels and will face participation barriers. Technology holds great promise to provide individualized support for a wide range of abilities and for a variety of domains. To ensure technology interventions are designed well and meet research-documented user requirements, we need more specific, actionable models to provide guidance for those developing and designing interventions. In this paper, we present the TechSAge Aging and Disability Model to bridge models from the aging and disability literatures and to disambiguate the population of individuals aging into disability from those aging with disability (i.e., pre-existing impairments). We also present the TechSAge Technology Intervention Model to support aging with pre-existing impairments, which provides d...

Technology and Disability

Technology and Disability

Journal of Healthcare Informatics Research

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology, Jan 9, 2018

Kinetic characteristics of transfers to and from a toilet performed using bilateral grab bars are... more Kinetic characteristics of transfers to and from a toilet performed using bilateral grab bars are not fully quantified to inform grab bar design and configuration. The purpose of this study was to (1) determine effects of bilateral swing-away grab bars on peaks of ankle, knee and hip joint moments during grab bar assisted stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand transfers; and (2) determine effects of three different heights and widths of swing-away grab bars on the same kinetic characteristics. Healthy subjects (N = 11, age 25-58 years) performed stand-to-sit and sit-to-stand transfers with and without grab bars. In transfers with grab bars, 9 grab bar configurations were tested by varying their height from the floor (0.787 m, 0.813 m, 0.838 m; 31″-33″) and width, the distance of each grab bar from the toilet's centerline (0.330 m, 0.356 m, 0.381 m; 13″-15″). Motion capture, force plate and inverse dynamics analysis were used to determine lower limb joint moments. The use of bilateral gra...

Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation, Nov 6, 2017

Over 50 million United States citizens (1 in 6 people in the US) have a developmental, acquired, ... more Over 50 million United States citizens (1 in 6 people in the US) have a developmental, acquired, or degenerative disability. The average US citizen can expect to live 20% of his or her life with a disability. Rehabilitation technologies play a major role in improving the quality of life for people with a disability, yet widespread and highly challenging needs remain. Within the US, a major effort aimed at the creation and evaluation of rehabilitation technology has been the Rehabilitation Engineering Research Centers (RERCs) sponsored by the National Institute on Disability, Independent Living, and Rehabilitation Research. As envisioned at their conception by a panel of the National Academy of Science in 1970, these centers were intended to take a "total approach to rehabilitation", combining medicine, engineering, and related science, to improve the quality of life of individuals with a disability. Here, we review the scope, achievements, and ongoing projects of an unbias...

HERD, Apr 1, 2017

To identify the optimal spatial and dimensional requirements of grab bars that support independen... more To identify the optimal spatial and dimensional requirements of grab bars that support independent and assisted transfers by older adults and their care providers. Although research has demonstrated that toilet grab bars based on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Accessibility Standards do not meet the needs of older adults, the specific dimensional requirements for alternative configurations are unknown. A two-phased study with older adults and care providers in residential facilities was conducted to determine the optimal requirements for grab bars. Seniors and caregivers in skilled nursing facilities performed transfers using a mock-up toilet. In Phase 1, participants evaluated three grab bar configurations to identify optimal characteristics for safety, ease of use, comfort, and helpfulness. These characteristics were then validated for using ability-matched samples in Phase 2. The optimal configuration derived in Phase 1 included fold-down grab bars on both sides of the...

Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting

Voting systems must be usable by all eligible voters regardless of their skills, abilities, and e... more Voting systems must be usable by all eligible voters regardless of their skills, abilities, and experiences. However, current voting systems do not provide accessibility to all voters, including those with physical and cognitive limitations. To make voting easier for people with and without disabilities, we developed a universal voting interface that integrates a simplified and flexible ballot design that includes multimodal I/O interfaces. The formative usability study results demonstrate people with various types of disabilities could perform the voting tasks on EZ Ballot using their preferred input. In order to refine the EZ Ballot interface, the study found the specific issues on design such as instruction, selection of candidates, confusion about going back, incorrect gestural interaction, and write-in interface.

Gerontechnology

... Key words: virtual reality, music therapy, aroma therapy, EEG, encouragement. ... of the Rock... more ... Key words: virtual reality, music therapy, aroma therapy, EEG, encouragement. ... of the Rocket in a home setting in order to determine the effects of sideways ... Author Address: Centre for Studies in Aging, Sunnybrook & Women's, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M4N 3M5 ...

Gerontechnology

... SEPAM / IBV: An expert system for assisted prescription of technical aids for mobility. ... A... more ... SEPAM / IBV: An expert system for assisted prescription of technical aids for mobility. ... An expertsystem (SEPAM/IBV) has been created, aimed at making prescrip-tion and subsequent selection of technical aids for mobility more reliable and procedural. ...

Disability and rehabilitation. Assistive technology, Feb 22, 2017

Environmental assessments and subsequent modifications conducted by healthcare professionals can ... more Environmental assessments and subsequent modifications conducted by healthcare professionals can enhance home safety and promote independent living. However, travel time, expense and the availability of qualified professionals can limit the broad application of this intervention. Remote technology has the potential to increase access to home safety evaluations. This study describes the development and validation of a remote home safety protocol that can be used by a caregiver of an elderly person to video-record their home environment for later viewing and evaluation by a trained professional. The protocol was developed based on literature reviews and evaluations from clinical and content experts. Cognitive interviews were conducted with a group of six caregivers to validate the protocol. The final protocol included step-by-step directions to record indoor and outdoor areas of the home. The validation process resulted in modifications related to safety, clarity of the protocol, read...

American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 2016

Date Presented 4/8/2016 A standardized remote home-safety assessment protocol was developed and v... more Date Presented 4/8/2016 A standardized remote home-safety assessment protocol was developed and validated on the basis of experts’ opinions and caregivers’ feedback and demonstrations. This protocol can be used by a caregiver to assist an occupational therapist in conducting a remote assessment of a client’s home. Primary Author and Speaker: Mijung Lee Contributing Authors: Ivana Simic, Jon A. Sanford, Sergio Romero

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2016

Assistive Technology the Official Journal of Resna, 2013

ABSTRACT Workplace accommodations to enable employees with disabilities to perform essential job ... more ABSTRACT Workplace accommodations to enable employees with disabilities to perform essential job tasks are an important strategy ways for increasing the presence of people with disabilities in the labor market. However, assessments, which are crucial to identifying necessary accommodations, are typically conducted using a variety of methods that lack consistent procedures and comprehensiveness of information. This can lead to the rediscovery of the same solutions over and over, inability to replicate assessments and a failure to effectively meet all of an individual's accommodation needs. To address standardize assessment tools and processes, a taxonomy of demand-producing activity factors is needed to complement the taxonomies of demand-producing person and environment factors already available in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). The purpose of this article is to propose a hierarchical model of accommodation assessment based on level of specificity of job activity. While the proposed model is neither a taxonomy nor an assessment process, the seven-level hierarchical model provides a conceptual framework of job activity that is the first step toward such a taxonomy as well as providing a common language that can bridge the many approaches to assessment. The model was designed and refined through testing against various job examples. Different levels of activity are defined to be easily linked to different accommodation strategies. Finally, the levels can be cross-walked to the ICF, which enhances its acceptability, utility and universality.

2009 Ieee International Conference on Systems Man and Cybernetics, 2009

This paper presents an empirical study of two student pairs collaborating on two small products d... more This paper presents an empirical study of two student pairs collaborating on two small products design session in both face-to-face and distributed settings while using computer-mediated communication (CMC) technologies and a collaborative virtual environment (CVE). To gain insight about the way designers communicate and collaborate, the observation focused on how much time the students worked together and individually in the

Museums, science centers, zoos and aquaria are faced with educating and entertaining an increasin... more Museums, science centers, zoos and aquaria are faced with educating and entertaining an increasingly diverse visitor population with varying physical and sensory needs. There are very few guidelines to help these facilities develop non-visual exhibit information, especially for dynamic exhibits. In an effort to make such informal learning environments (ILEs) more accessible to visually impaired visitors, the Georgia Tech Accessible Aquarium Project is studying auditory display and sonification methods for use in exhibit interpretation. The work presented here represents the initial tool building stage. We discuss the sonification system we are developing, and present some examples of the soundscape implementations that have been produced so far.

Physical Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics, 2001

... Jon Pynoos is affiliated with the National Resource Center on Supportive Housing and Home Mod... more ... Jon Pynoos is affiliated with the National Resource Center on Supportive Housing and Home Modifications, Andrus Gerontology Center, University of ... The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions of Traci Rosenfelt, OTRL, and Joanie Browne, EHLS CEO, without ...