José Manuel Casado Díaz - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Uploads

Papers by José Manuel Casado Díaz

Papers in Regional Science

Electronic Journal of Research in Education Psychology

Applied Spatial Analysis and Policy

Labour market areas and other functional regions (FRs) are increasingly used within research and ... more Labour market areas and other functional regions (FRs) are increasingly used within research and policy, but how FRs are best defined is an unresolved issue. This is important because the policy impacts, or the research results, will differ depending on the specific FR boundaries used. As a result of this sensitivity (termed the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem), quantitative metrics are needed so that differing sets of FR boundaries can be evaluated. To meet this need the paper firstly reviews the concept and use of labour market areas – the form of FRs most widely used in policy – to identify relevant criteria for evaluating any regionalisation comprising a set of FRs. Next a range of potential measurable indicators for each of the criteria is defined. These candidate indicators are then exemplified by applying them to a huge number of alternative sets of FRs. From this empirical evidence a short-list of preferred indicators is identified, creating a statistical ‘toolbox’ for evaluat...

Spatial Economic Analysis

An evolutionary approach to the delimitation of labour market areas: an empirical application for... more An evolutionary approach to the delimitation of labour market areas: an empirical application for Chile. Spatial Economic Analysis. Labour market areas (LMAs) are argued to represent a more appropriate policy framework than administrative units for the analysis of spatial labour market activity. This article develops LMAs for Chile by applying an evolutionary computation approach. This innovative approach defines LMAs through an optimization process by maximization of internal cohesion, subject to restrictions of minimum levels of self-containment and population. To evaluate the appropriateness of the LMAs, comparative analyses are performed between alternative delimitations based on different parameter configurations of the proposed method versus administrative boundaries and the most widely used method for official LMA delimitation, the travel-to-work areas method. KEYWORDS evolutionary computation; labour market areas; travel-to-work areas; Chile 摘要界定劳动市场范围的演化方法：智利的经验应用。Spatial Economic Analysis. 在空间劳动市场活动的分析上，劳动市场范围(LMAs)被认为较行政单位更能呈现合适的政策架构。本文透过应用演化计算方法，为智利建立LMAs。此一创新方法，透过最大化内部凝聚力的最优化过程来定义LMAs，并受限于最低程度的自我封闭与人口。为了评估LMAs的适切性，本文根据提出方法相对于行政疆界的不同参数组合与 "通勤范围方法" 此一官方LMA界定最广为运用的方法，在不同的另类界定之间进行比较分析。关键词演化计算; 劳动市场范围; 通勤范围; 智利 RÉSUMÉ Approche évolutionnaire pour la délimitation de zones du marché du travail: une application empirique pour le Chili. Spatial Economic Analysis. Certains soutiennent que les zones du marché du travail constituent un

Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology

Introducción. La investigación tiene dos objetivos: caracterizar a los estudiantes universitarios... more Introducción. La investigación tiene dos objetivos: caracterizar a los estudiantes universitarios que simultanean trabajo y estudios y el tipo de trabajo que desempeñan, por un lado, y analizar el efecto que tiene trabajar sobre distintas medidas de su rendimiento académico, por otro. Método. El análisis se desarrolla a partir de información individual procedente de una encuesta (N=464) combinada con registros universitarios. Se han estimado modelos en los que se consideran distintas medidas del desempeño académico y en los que se controla por un amplio conjunto de factores (incluyendo características socioeconómicas así como medidas de motivación y de esfuerzo académico), distinguiendo entre distintos niveles de intensidad de la actividad laboral. Las técnicas usadas han sido la regresión logística, mínimos cuadrados ordinarios y variables instrumentales. Resultados. Se confirma, en primer lugar, que una proporción significativa de los estudiantes universitarios españoles simultanea los estudios con un trabajo remunerado, siendo muy frecuente que trabajen de forma habitual durante periodos prolongados. Se observa, además, que es frecuente que quienes trabajan lo hagan motivados por necesidad y en tareas no relacionadas con el contenido de sus estudios, y que la propensión a trabajar es mayor entre los estudiantes de mayor edad, los extranjeros y los de mayor motivación. En segundo lugar, los resultados obtenidos sugieren que, en contraste con la propia percepción manifestada por los estudiantes, trabajar regularmente no tiene aparentemente un impacto significativo en sus resultados académicos. Conclusión. El estudio añade evidencia sobre un tema relevante pero muy escasamente analizado en el caso español, sobre el que ni la teoría ni los estudios empíricos previos sobre casos internacionales ofrecen resultados concluyentes. Los resultados son útiles para la consideración que el desempeño de una actividad laboral debe recibir en el diseño de los itinerarios seguidos por los estudiantes universitarios.

Moravian Geographical Reports, 2016

Due to confidentiality considerations, the microdata available from the 2011 Spanish Census have ... more Due to confidentiality considerations, the microdata available from the 2011 Spanish Census have been codified at a provincial (NUTS 3) level except when the municipal (LAU 2) population exceeds 20,000 inhabitants (a requirement that is met by less than 5% of all municipalities). For the remainder of the municipalities within a given province, information is only provided for their classification in wide population intervals. These limitations, hampering territorially-focused socio-economic analyses, and more specifically, those related to the labour market, are observed in many other countries. This article proposes and demonstrates an automatic procedure aimed at delineating a set of areas that meet such population requirements and that may be used to re-codify the geographic reference in these cases, thereby increasing the territorial detail at which individual information is available. The method aggregates municipalities into clusters based on the optimisation of a relevant obj...

Papers in Regional Science, 2016

The methods used to dene functional regions for public statistics and policy purposes need to est... more The methods used to dene functional regions for public statistics and policy purposes need to establish several parameter values. This is typically achieved using expert knowledge based on qualitative judgements and lengthy consultations with local stakeholders. We propose to support this process by using an optimisation algorithm to calibrate any regionalisation method by identifying the parameter values that produce the best regionalisation for a given quantitative indicator. The approach is exemplied by using a grid search and a genetic algorithm to congure the ocial methods employed in the UK and Sweden for the denition of their respective ocial concepts of local labour markets.

Procesos formales para la delimitación de mercados laborales locales El proceso también habría me... more Procesos formales para la delimitación de mercados laborales locales El proceso también habría mejorado de haberse llevado a cabo una asignación de las zonas que no las agrupara 113 ÍNDICE III. Procesos formales para la delimitación de mercados laborales locales Fuente: Eurostat (1992 y 1995). Datos de población provisionales para Francia, Italia y Reino Unido. Nota: (*) datos referidos exclusivamente a Inglaterra y Gales.

In this paper the determinants of the individual decision of commuting are analysed through a log... more In this paper the determinants of the individual decision of commuting are analysed through a logistic regression analysis conducted using individual data from the Spanish 1991 Census of Population and Dwellings for the region of Valencia (one of the few Spanish regions where the question “place of work” was included in the Census form). For so doing commuting is treated as a dichotomous variable that is assigned the value of one when the individual commutes between different localities and the value zero in the opposite case. This transformed variable is explained through a simple utility model in which commuting is a function of three different vectors of personal, professional and environmental characteristics. These vectors integrate many of the variables that have been considered fundamental by previous literature. In the section devoted to the discussion of the model the results are interpreted putting them in relation with previous research. In the following section the utility model for explaining commuting and its estimation through a logistic regression is formalised and the set of variables finally included briefly justified.

Urban Geography, 2015

ABSTRACT This article delimits local labor markets (LLMs) in order to analyze the structure and i... more ABSTRACT This article delimits local labor markets (LLMs) in order to analyze the structure and internal organization of Spanish metropolitan areas. LLMs are defined as self-contained and cohesive areas in terms of commuting flows. Unlike the conventional approach to polycentrism based on the analysis of commuting flows that begins with the identification of subcenters, this analytical strategy does not assume that a specific structure exists, and is compatible with the relationship between places of work and residence having other location and spatial organization patterns. The analysis is carried out on three different scales of detail linked to three self-containment levels for the LLMs delimited and three population groups (total, males and females). The results show that metropolitan areas are complex, fuzzy, multi-dimensional spaces, where the conditions of spatial organization are manifested in different ways depending on the parameters and variables used.

Revista de Economia Aplicada

The article examines the evolution of the wage structure for men in Spain between 2002 and 2010 o... more The article examines the evolution of the wage structure for men in Spain between 2002 and 2010 on the basis of microdata from the Encuesta de Estructura Salarial and a decomposition econometric methodology developed by Fortin, Lemieux and Firpo (2011). It is observed that real wages grew moderately over the entire period, regardless of the economic cycle, and wage inequality presented a counter-cyclical evolution, increasing significantly since the onset of the economic crisis. On the other hand, significant changes in the determinants of the evolution of the wage structure are observed over the period. Thus, while changes in wage returns were the most prominent determinants of the evolution of the wage structure during the boom, significant effects are observed during the crisis resulting from changes both in the composition of employment and in wage returns.

Tourism Management, 2016

The article examines the origin of differences between wages in the hospitality sector and the re... more The article examines the origin of differences between wages in the hospitality sector and the rest of the private sector in Spain. The evidence obtained for the 2002-2010 period shows that the wage disadvantage of hospitality presents an increasing profile along the wage distribution so that it is particularly relevant for those earning comparatively higher salaries. In contrast with other low-wage sectors, lower wages in hospitality are explained almost entirely by the specific characteristics of its workers and jobs (particularly their lower educational qualifications and their higher presence in low-skilled occupations), and not by the existence of lower rewards to those characteristics. Highly qualified individuals are however an exception since they suffer a wage penalty for working in the sector. Furthermore the analysis shows that pay inequality is substantially lower in the hospitality sector and that it is not due to the relative characteristics of its workers and jobs.