Jose Ignacio Gregorio Santos - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Jose Ignacio Gregorio Santos

Research paper thumbnail of Biped locomotion control with evolved adaptive center-crossing continuous time recurrent neural networks

Neurocomputing, 2012

ABSTRACT We used center-crossing continuous time recurrent neural networks as central pattern gen... more ABSTRACT We used center-crossing continuous time recurrent neural networks as central pattern generator controllers in biped robots, together with an adaptive methodology to improve the ability of the recurrent neural networks to produce rhythmic activation behaviors. The parameters of the recurrent networks are adapted or modified in run-time to reach the center-crossing condition, so the nodes get close to the most sensitive region to their input. This facilitates the evolution of the networks that act as central pattern generators to control biped structures. The robustness of the adaptive networks to produce rhythmic activation patterns was checked as well as the improvements and possibilities this adaptation may add.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of a least-squares multi-harmonic fitting algorithm in the multicore cell processor

2012 IEEE I2MTC - International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Proceedings, 2012

Least squares (LS) methods minimize the LS error between a specific data model and an acquired da... more Least squares (LS) methods minimize the LS error between a specific data model and an acquired data set. This is the case of sine-fitting algorithms, which are used to determine the sine wave parameters that best fit an acquired signal. In the case of signals with multiple harmonics, one can use a multi-harmonic fitting algorithm resembling the sine-fitting algorithm to estimate the amplitudes and phases of the harmonics. This paper describes the implementation of a LS multi-harmonic fitting algorithm using the multicore Cell processor to determine the fundamental frequency of a multi-harmonic signal and then the harmonic amplitudes and phases.

Research paper thumbnail of Pyrothiocarbonates I. Aminolysis of S-(Ethoxycarbonyl) O-Ethyl Dithiocarbonate

Phosphorus and Sulfur and the Related Elements, 1983

Abstract The reaction of S-(ethoxycarbonyl) O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (1) with equimolar amounts of... more Abstract The reaction of S-(ethoxycarbonyl) O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (1) with equimolar amounts of butylamine, benzylamine, diethylamine and piperidine in ethanol solution at 0° C is reported. The mole ratio of O-ethyl thiocarbamate (2) and O-ethyl carbamate (3) formed ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pyrothiocarbonates. Part 2. Reaction of S-ethoxycarbonyl O-ethyl dithiocarbonate with some potassium O-alkylthiocarbonates

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, 1983

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Thermal Modeling of In-Depth Thermocouple Response in Ablative Heat Shield Materials

26th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference, 2008

Page 1. Thermal Modeling of In-Depth Thermocouple Response in Ablative TPS Materials Thermal &amp... more Page 1. Thermal Modeling of In-Depth Thermocouple Response in Ablative TPS Materials Thermal & Fluids Analysis Workshop (TFAWS 2008) San Jose State University, San Jose, CA August 18, 2008 Jose A. Santos Robin A. Beck Timothy K. Risch Sierra Lobo, Inc. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetic study on the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3,6-dichloro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine by biothiols

Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry, 2014

ABSTRACT The aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3,6‐dichloro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine (DCT) ... more ABSTRACT The aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3,6‐dichloro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine (DCT) with a series of biothiols RSH: (cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinyl–glycine, N‐acetylcysteine, and glutathione) is subjected to a kinetic investigation. The reactions are studied by following spectrophotometrically the disappearance of DCT at 370 nm. In the case of an excess of N‐acetylcysteine and glutathione, clean pseudo first‐order rate constants (k obs1) are found. However, for cysteine, homocysteine and cysteinyl–glycine, two consecutive reactions are observed. The first one is the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the chlorine by the sulfhydryl group of these biothiols (RSH) and the second one is the intramolecular and intermolecularnucleophilic aromatic substitutions of their alkylthio with the amine group of RSH to give the di‐substituted compound. Therefore, in these cases, two pseudo first‐order rate constants (k obs1 and k obs2, respectively) are found under biothiol excess. Plots of k obs1 versus free thiol concentration at constant pH are linear, with the slope (k N) independent of pH (from 6.8 to 7.4). The kinetic data analysis (Brønsted‐type plot and activation parameters) is consistent with an addition–elimination mechanism with the nucleophilic attack as the rate‐determining step. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The title reaction is subjected to a kinetic investigation. We propose a bimolecular reaction type: addition–elimination (SNAr) for the nucleophilic attack of the series of thiols to tetrazine, in which the formation of the Meisenheimer complex is the rate‐determining step of the reaction. Subsequently, in some cases, a second intramolecular and intermolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution of alkylthio with the amino group was evidenced.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of S-methyl chlorothioformate with pyridines and secondary alicyclic amines

Research paper thumbnail of Protein folding with cellular automata in the 3D HP model

Proceeding of the fifteenth annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation conference companion - GECCO '13 Companion, 2013

ABSTRACT In the difficult ab initio prediction in protein folding only the information of the pri... more ABSTRACT In the difficult ab initio prediction in protein folding only the information of the primary structure of amino acids is used to determine the final folded conformation. The complexity of the interactions and the nature of the amino acid elements are reduced with the use of lattice models like HP, which categorizes the amino acids regarding their hydrophobicity. On the contrary to the intense research performed on the direct prediction of the final folded conformation, our aim here is to model the dynamic and emergent folding process through time, using the scheme of cellular automata but implemented with artificial neural networks optimized with Differential Evolution. Moreover, as the iterative folding also provides the final folded conformation, we can compare the results with those from direct prediction methods of the final protein conformation.

Research paper thumbnail of Cellular automata for modeling protein folding using the HP model

2013 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2013

ABSTRACT We used cellular automata (CA) for the modeling of the temporal folding of proteins. Unl... more ABSTRACT We used cellular automata (CA) for the modeling of the temporal folding of proteins. Unlike the focus of the vast research already done on the direct prediction of the final folded conformations, we will model the temporal and dynamic folding process. The CA model defines how the amino acids interact through time to obtain a folded conformation. We employed the TIP model to represent the protein conformations in a lattice, we extended the classical CA models using artificial neural networks for their implementation, and we used evolutionary computing to automatically obtain the models by means of Differential Evolution. Moreover, the modeling of the folding provides the final protein conformation.

Research paper thumbnail of Arc Jet Testing in a Shear Environment for Mars Science Laboratory Thermal Protection System

41st AIAA Thermophysics Conference, 2009

Thermal protection system materials for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission were tested in ... more Thermal protection system materials for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission were tested in the NASA Ames 60 MW arc jet in a shear environment. Superlight Ablator (SLA-561V) and Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator (PICA) were tested in a wedge and a swept ...

Research paper thumbnail of CFD Analysis Framework for Arc-Heated Flowfields II: Shear Testing in Arc-Jets at NASA ARC

41st AIAA Thermophysics Conference, 2009

A three-dimensional framework has been developed for application of tools of computational fluid ... more A three-dimensional framework has been developed for application of tools of computational fluid dynamics to simulate arc-heated flows expanded in convergentdivergent nozzles. Methods that make up the process for prediction of pressure, shear stress, and heat flux on the face ...

Research paper thumbnail of Temperature-Independent Strain Measurement Using a Fibre Bragg Grating Written in an Array of Fused Tapers

Optical Fiber Sensors, 2006

Abstract A temperature-independent strain sensor using a fibre Bragg grating written in an array ... more Abstract A temperature-independent strain sensor using a fibre Bragg grating written in an array fused taper is presented. This structure shows a spectrum with several peaks where their relative amplitudes are independent of temperature variations but change with ...

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Analysis of a modulated diode laser near period-doubling bifurcations</title>

Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices VII, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and mechanism of the aminolysis of S-ethoxycarbonyl O-ethyl dithiocarbonate and related pyrothiocarbonates

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1989

The reactions of -ethoxycarbonyl -ethyl dithiocarbonate (), bis(ethoxythiocarbonyl) sulphide (), ... more The reactions of -ethoxycarbonyl -ethyl dithiocarbonate (), bis(ethoxythiocarbonyl) sulphide (), and bis(ethoxycarbonyl) sulphide () with pyrrolidine, piperidine, and morpholine in 95% aqueous ethanol have been subjected to kinetic study. The rate equation found for all the reactions ...

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Enhanced instrumentation system to characterize the electric behavior of AFLC displays</title>

VLSI Circuits and Systems III, 2007

Liquid crystals (LCs) have focused a great attention from industrial and scientific community in ... more Liquid crystals (LCs) have focused a great attention from industrial and scientific community in the last decades. The property of ferroelectricity in liquid crystals was first claimed in 1975. Five years later so-called surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystals were described, which caused a surge in industrial interest because of their promising electro-optical applications. Additionally, antiferroelectricity in liquid crystals (AFLCs) was also

Research paper thumbnail of The family as a determinant of stunting in children living in conditions of extreme poverty: a case-control study

BMC public health, Jan 30, 2004

Malnutrition in children can be a consequence of unfavourable socioeconomic conditions. However, ... more Malnutrition in children can be a consequence of unfavourable socioeconomic conditions. However, some families maintain adequate nutritional status in their children despite living in poverty. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether family-related factors are determinants of stunting in young Mexican children living in extreme poverty, and whether these factors differ between rural or urban contexts. A case-control study was conducted in one rural and one urban extreme poverty level areas in Mexico. Cases comprised stunted children aged between 6 and 23 months. Controls were well-nourished children. Independent variables were defined in five dimensions: family characteristics; family income; household allocation of resources and family organisation; social networks; and child health care. Information was collected from 108 cases and 139 controls in the rural area and from 198 cases and 211 controls in the urban area. Statistical analysis was carried out separately for each ar...

Research paper thumbnail of Evolving Neural Controllers for Temporally Dependent Behaviors in Autonomous Robots

Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, 1998

The objective of this work is to study neural control architectures for autonomous robots that ex... more The objective of this work is to study neural control architectures for autonomous robots that explicitly handle time in tasks that require reasoning with the temporal component. The controllers are generated and trained through the methodology of evolutionary robotics. In this study, the reasoning processes are circumscribed to data provided by light sensors, as a first step in the process

Research paper thumbnail of El Programa Nacional de Vacunación: orgullo de México

Revista De La Facultad De Medicina, May 10, 2009

... Desde 1991 opera el Programa de Vacunación Universal que ha logrado casi todas sus metas: err... more ... Desde 1991 opera el Programa de Vacunación Universal que ha logrado casi todas sus metas: erradicación de la polio-mielitis, la difteria, el sarampión y el tétanos nenonatal; con-trolar la tos ferina y las formas graves de tuberculosis. ... Page 4. José Ignacio Santos 144 ...

Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: Structure-Reactivity Correlations in the Aminolysis of Ethyl S-Aryl Thiolcarbonates

Research paper thumbnail of Techniques to Understand Computer Simulations: Markov Chain Analysis

Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation the, 2009

Research paper thumbnail of Biped locomotion control with evolved adaptive center-crossing continuous time recurrent neural networks

Neurocomputing, 2012

ABSTRACT We used center-crossing continuous time recurrent neural networks as central pattern gen... more ABSTRACT We used center-crossing continuous time recurrent neural networks as central pattern generator controllers in biped robots, together with an adaptive methodology to improve the ability of the recurrent neural networks to produce rhythmic activation behaviors. The parameters of the recurrent networks are adapted or modified in run-time to reach the center-crossing condition, so the nodes get close to the most sensitive region to their input. This facilitates the evolution of the networks that act as central pattern generators to control biped structures. The robustness of the adaptive networks to produce rhythmic activation patterns was checked as well as the improvements and possibilities this adaptation may add.

Research paper thumbnail of Implementation of a least-squares multi-harmonic fitting algorithm in the multicore cell processor

2012 IEEE I2MTC - International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, Proceedings, 2012

Least squares (LS) methods minimize the LS error between a specific data model and an acquired da... more Least squares (LS) methods minimize the LS error between a specific data model and an acquired data set. This is the case of sine-fitting algorithms, which are used to determine the sine wave parameters that best fit an acquired signal. In the case of signals with multiple harmonics, one can use a multi-harmonic fitting algorithm resembling the sine-fitting algorithm to estimate the amplitudes and phases of the harmonics. This paper describes the implementation of a LS multi-harmonic fitting algorithm using the multicore Cell processor to determine the fundamental frequency of a multi-harmonic signal and then the harmonic amplitudes and phases.

Research paper thumbnail of Pyrothiocarbonates I. Aminolysis of S-(Ethoxycarbonyl) O-Ethyl Dithiocarbonate

Phosphorus and Sulfur and the Related Elements, 1983

Abstract The reaction of S-(ethoxycarbonyl) O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (1) with equimolar amounts of... more Abstract The reaction of S-(ethoxycarbonyl) O-ethyl dithiocarbonate (1) with equimolar amounts of butylamine, benzylamine, diethylamine and piperidine in ethanol solution at 0° C is reported. The mole ratio of O-ethyl thiocarbamate (2) and O-ethyl carbamate (3) formed ...

Research paper thumbnail of Pyrothiocarbonates. Part 2. Reaction of S-ethoxycarbonyl O-ethyl dithiocarbonate with some potassium O-alkylthiocarbonates

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1, 1983

ABSTRACT

Research paper thumbnail of Thermal Modeling of In-Depth Thermocouple Response in Ablative Heat Shield Materials

26th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference, 2008

Page 1. Thermal Modeling of In-Depth Thermocouple Response in Ablative TPS Materials Thermal &amp... more Page 1. Thermal Modeling of In-Depth Thermocouple Response in Ablative TPS Materials Thermal & Fluids Analysis Workshop (TFAWS 2008) San Jose State University, San Jose, CA August 18, 2008 Jose A. Santos Robin A. Beck Timothy K. Risch Sierra Lobo, Inc. ...

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetic study on the aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3,6-dichloro-1,2,4,5-tetrazine by biothiols

Journal of Physical Organic Chemistry, 2014

ABSTRACT The aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3,6‐dichloro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine (DCT) ... more ABSTRACT The aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction of 3,6‐dichloro‐1,2,4,5‐tetrazine (DCT) with a series of biothiols RSH: (cysteine, homocysteine, cysteinyl–glycine, N‐acetylcysteine, and glutathione) is subjected to a kinetic investigation. The reactions are studied by following spectrophotometrically the disappearance of DCT at 370 nm. In the case of an excess of N‐acetylcysteine and glutathione, clean pseudo first‐order rate constants (k obs1) are found. However, for cysteine, homocysteine and cysteinyl–glycine, two consecutive reactions are observed. The first one is the nucleophilic aromatic substitution of the chlorine by the sulfhydryl group of these biothiols (RSH) and the second one is the intramolecular and intermolecularnucleophilic aromatic substitutions of their alkylthio with the amine group of RSH to give the di‐substituted compound. Therefore, in these cases, two pseudo first‐order rate constants (k obs1 and k obs2, respectively) are found under biothiol excess. Plots of k obs1 versus free thiol concentration at constant pH are linear, with the slope (k N) independent of pH (from 6.8 to 7.4). The kinetic data analysis (Brønsted‐type plot and activation parameters) is consistent with an addition–elimination mechanism with the nucleophilic attack as the rate‐determining step. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd. The title reaction is subjected to a kinetic investigation. We propose a bimolecular reaction type: addition–elimination (SNAr) for the nucleophilic attack of the series of thiols to tetrazine, in which the formation of the Meisenheimer complex is the rate‐determining step of the reaction. Subsequently, in some cases, a second intramolecular and intermolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitution of alkylthio with the amino group was evidenced.

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and mechanisms of the reactions of S-methyl chlorothioformate with pyridines and secondary alicyclic amines

Research paper thumbnail of Protein folding with cellular automata in the 3D HP model

Proceeding of the fifteenth annual conference companion on Genetic and evolutionary computation conference companion - GECCO '13 Companion, 2013

ABSTRACT In the difficult ab initio prediction in protein folding only the information of the pri... more ABSTRACT In the difficult ab initio prediction in protein folding only the information of the primary structure of amino acids is used to determine the final folded conformation. The complexity of the interactions and the nature of the amino acid elements are reduced with the use of lattice models like HP, which categorizes the amino acids regarding their hydrophobicity. On the contrary to the intense research performed on the direct prediction of the final folded conformation, our aim here is to model the dynamic and emergent folding process through time, using the scheme of cellular automata but implemented with artificial neural networks optimized with Differential Evolution. Moreover, as the iterative folding also provides the final folded conformation, we can compare the results with those from direct prediction methods of the final protein conformation.

Research paper thumbnail of Cellular automata for modeling protein folding using the HP model

2013 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation, 2013

ABSTRACT We used cellular automata (CA) for the modeling of the temporal folding of proteins. Unl... more ABSTRACT We used cellular automata (CA) for the modeling of the temporal folding of proteins. Unlike the focus of the vast research already done on the direct prediction of the final folded conformations, we will model the temporal and dynamic folding process. The CA model defines how the amino acids interact through time to obtain a folded conformation. We employed the TIP model to represent the protein conformations in a lattice, we extended the classical CA models using artificial neural networks for their implementation, and we used evolutionary computing to automatically obtain the models by means of Differential Evolution. Moreover, the modeling of the folding provides the final protein conformation.

Research paper thumbnail of Arc Jet Testing in a Shear Environment for Mars Science Laboratory Thermal Protection System

41st AIAA Thermophysics Conference, 2009

Thermal protection system materials for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission were tested in ... more Thermal protection system materials for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission were tested in the NASA Ames 60 MW arc jet in a shear environment. Superlight Ablator (SLA-561V) and Phenolic Impregnated Carbon Ablator (PICA) were tested in a wedge and a swept ...

Research paper thumbnail of CFD Analysis Framework for Arc-Heated Flowfields II: Shear Testing in Arc-Jets at NASA ARC

41st AIAA Thermophysics Conference, 2009

A three-dimensional framework has been developed for application of tools of computational fluid ... more A three-dimensional framework has been developed for application of tools of computational fluid dynamics to simulate arc-heated flows expanded in convergentdivergent nozzles. Methods that make up the process for prediction of pressure, shear stress, and heat flux on the face ...

Research paper thumbnail of Temperature-Independent Strain Measurement Using a Fibre Bragg Grating Written in an Array of Fused Tapers

Optical Fiber Sensors, 2006

Abstract A temperature-independent strain sensor using a fibre Bragg grating written in an array ... more Abstract A temperature-independent strain sensor using a fibre Bragg grating written in an array fused taper is presented. This structure shows a spectrum with several peaks where their relative amplitudes are independent of temperature variations but change with ...

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Analysis of a modulated diode laser near period-doubling bifurcations</title>

Physics and Simulation of Optoelectronic Devices VII, 1999

Research paper thumbnail of Kinetics and mechanism of the aminolysis of S-ethoxycarbonyl O-ethyl dithiocarbonate and related pyrothiocarbonates

Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2, 1989

The reactions of -ethoxycarbonyl -ethyl dithiocarbonate (), bis(ethoxythiocarbonyl) sulphide (), ... more The reactions of -ethoxycarbonyl -ethyl dithiocarbonate (), bis(ethoxythiocarbonyl) sulphide (), and bis(ethoxycarbonyl) sulphide () with pyrrolidine, piperidine, and morpholine in 95% aqueous ethanol have been subjected to kinetic study. The rate equation found for all the reactions ...

Research paper thumbnail of <title>Enhanced instrumentation system to characterize the electric behavior of AFLC displays</title>

VLSI Circuits and Systems III, 2007

Liquid crystals (LCs) have focused a great attention from industrial and scientific community in ... more Liquid crystals (LCs) have focused a great attention from industrial and scientific community in the last decades. The property of ferroelectricity in liquid crystals was first claimed in 1975. Five years later so-called surface-stabilized ferroelectric liquid crystals were described, which caused a surge in industrial interest because of their promising electro-optical applications. Additionally, antiferroelectricity in liquid crystals (AFLCs) was also

Research paper thumbnail of The family as a determinant of stunting in children living in conditions of extreme poverty: a case-control study

BMC public health, Jan 30, 2004

Malnutrition in children can be a consequence of unfavourable socioeconomic conditions. However, ... more Malnutrition in children can be a consequence of unfavourable socioeconomic conditions. However, some families maintain adequate nutritional status in their children despite living in poverty. The aim of this study was to ascertain whether family-related factors are determinants of stunting in young Mexican children living in extreme poverty, and whether these factors differ between rural or urban contexts. A case-control study was conducted in one rural and one urban extreme poverty level areas in Mexico. Cases comprised stunted children aged between 6 and 23 months. Controls were well-nourished children. Independent variables were defined in five dimensions: family characteristics; family income; household allocation of resources and family organisation; social networks; and child health care. Information was collected from 108 cases and 139 controls in the rural area and from 198 cases and 211 controls in the urban area. Statistical analysis was carried out separately for each ar...

Research paper thumbnail of Evolving Neural Controllers for Temporally Dependent Behaviors in Autonomous Robots

Industrial and Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems, 1998

The objective of this work is to study neural control architectures for autonomous robots that ex... more The objective of this work is to study neural control architectures for autonomous robots that explicitly handle time in tasks that require reasoning with the temporal component. The controllers are generated and trained through the methodology of evolutionary robotics. In this study, the reasoning processes are circumscribed to data provided by light sensors, as a first step in the process

Research paper thumbnail of El Programa Nacional de Vacunación: orgullo de México

Revista De La Facultad De Medicina, May 10, 2009

... Desde 1991 opera el Programa de Vacunación Universal que ha logrado casi todas sus metas: err... more ... Desde 1991 opera el Programa de Vacunación Universal que ha logrado casi todas sus metas: erradicación de la polio-mielitis, la difteria, el sarampión y el tétanos nenonatal; con-trolar la tos ferina y las formas graves de tuberculosis. ... Page 4. José Ignacio Santos 144 ...

Research paper thumbnail of ChemInform Abstract: Structure-Reactivity Correlations in the Aminolysis of Ethyl S-Aryl Thiolcarbonates

Research paper thumbnail of Techniques to Understand Computer Simulations: Markov Chain Analysis

Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation the, 2009