Josef Scherer - Academia.edu (original) (raw)
Papers by Josef Scherer
Prix Volney Essay Series, 1999
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2002
To investigate the temporal stability, or progressivity, of neuropsychological (NP) impairment in... more To investigate the temporal stability, or progressivity, of neuropsychological (NP) impairment in schizophrenia, 50 patients with first episode (FE) schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls were given a battery of tests at the outset of the study and after a two-year interval. Both patient and control groups were balanced with respect to age, gender, education and parental socioeconomic status. Summary rating scales for semantic memory (SEM), visual memory (VIM), verbal learning (VBL), visual-motor processing and attention (VSM) and abstraction/flexibility (ABS) were constructed. FE schizophrenics showed improvement in VBL, stability of function in SEM, VSM and ABS and absence of improvement in VIM.While performance in VSM and VIM is influenced by medication status, SEM seems to be trait-related and stable; VBL, however, seems to be staterelated. Our data suggest that there is no proof for the assumption of progressive deterioration in NP functioning during the first few years of illness.
Ppmp Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie, 1994
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
The dopamine hypothesis has been challenged with the advent of atypical antipsychotics. Clozapine... more The dopamine hypothesis has been challenged with the advent of atypical antipsychotics. Clozapine, the archetypal drug in this group, displays remarkable clinical efficacy (7), with a low propensity to induce catalepsy in rats (8). Clozapine has been shown to have only weak D2 receptor antagonistic properties in vitro, in contrast with its high affinity for a variety of other neuroreceptors (9). Recently, new antipsychotics have been developed, among them rispendone, and have been licensed for clinical use. They are at least as effective as conventional antipsychotics but, like clozapine, have a decreased capacity to induce catalepsy in rats (10). The pharmacological profile underlying the atypical properties of risperidone has not yet been fully evaluated, and it is unclear whether the clinical efficacy is also related to
Arzneimittel-Forschung
A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cross-over study in a group of volunteers (8 male, 4 female) wa... more A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cross-over study in a group of volunteers (8 male, 4 female) was performed to evaluate the activity and plasma levels of a new sustained-release metoclopramide (CAS 364-62-5) formulation (Cronoprimperan) in comparison to a standard formulation (Primperan). During the course of this trial volunteers on both medications complained of mild to moderate adverse effects as headaches and drowsiness. Elevated monocyte counts were seen in all volunteers at the end of the study without determinable relationship to the medications. No relevant differences were observed between the two preparations in the standard motor and coordination tests. The new sustained-release metoclopramide formulation showed 12-h coverage with a plateau shaped form for achieving constant blood levels throughout the day without reaching blood concentrations above clinically tolerable limits.
PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie
The passage from adolescence to young adulthood is characterized by a series of decisive developm... more The passage from adolescence to young adulthood is characterized by a series of decisive developmental tasks. The significance of the adaptational patterns established in these years derives from their long-lasting influences on the psychosocial development during adult life. The psychosocial development of psychiatrically ill and healthy young adults was compared in respect to self image (Offer), identity status (Adams) and level of ego functionality (Loevinger). Patients showed serious deficits in general psychosocial adaptation (self image) especially pronounced in the areas of private personality development and family life. They were significantly less able to respect a developmental logic of exploration and commitment in the formation of identity. And their level of ego functions was primarily unmature, preconformist. There were important differences in the adaptational patterns of patient subgroups indicating a remarkably unfavourable psychosocial development of the nonpsycho...
American Journal of Psychiatry
Der Nuklearmediziner, 2002
Angststörungen nach ICD-10, 2002
Angststörungen nach ICD-10, 2002
Angststörungen nach ICD-10, 2002
Der Nervenarzt, 2004
In a depression unit in a state hospital, 28 patients who had failed in six antidepressant strate... more In a depression unit in a state hospital, 28 patients who had failed in six antidepressant strategies were treated with L-thyroxine at an average dose of 350 micro g/die. Outcomes were moderate in 39.3% and very good in 21.5%, corresponding to 21-item HAMD scores of < or =16 and < or =8 and clinical judgement. Of all patients, 39.3% had to stop treatment due to nonresponse or side effects. Follow-up of all responders to treatment was conducted 45.2 weeks after discharge. Those 28.6% patients who had stopped treatment had significantly more readmissions, i.e., 62.5%, vs none in those who continued, whereas subjective clinical ratings did not differ between the two groups. In contrast to the literature not finding serious side effects in 70 mainly bipolar patients, we found cardial arrhythmia in 10.7% of inpatients and 7.1% of follow-up patients that was serious enough to discontinue treatment. In conclusion, systematic investigation of high-dose L-thyroxine treatment in treatme...
Psychopathology, 1995
After controlled treatment with either imipramine or doxepin with additional psychotherapy, 30 pa... more After controlled treatment with either imipramine or doxepin with additional psychotherapy, 30 patients with pure panic disorder and 20 with concomitant depression were followed under ordinary treatment conditions over a 5-year period. While the overall level of illness severity was mild in both groups (slightly worse in the group with comorbidity), social impairment as well as fluctuation of symptoms were similar in both groups. Therefore, comorbidity of panic disorder and depression does not necessarily imply a poorer outcome in a self-referred patient sample initially treated with psychotropic drugs combined with supportive psychotherapy.
Psychiatrische Praxis, 2004
We investigated as to whether dosedependent extrapyramidal tolerance of Flupentixol decanoate is ... more We investigated as to whether dosedependent extrapyramidal tolerance of Flupentixol decanoate is inferior to that of Risperidone. 143 Risperidone and 177 Flupentixol decanoate treated patients were consecutively entered into this non - randomized open study and assessed with the Simpson-Angus-Scale regarding presence of rigor. Treatment comparisons of rigor frequency was done by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The risk of rigor increased with dose on both treatments. EPMS-risk was not increased under treatment with Flupentixol decanoate (mean dose 35.06 +/- 19.7 mg/2 weeks) compared to Risperidone (mean daily dose: 5.2 +/- 2.5 mg/kg) when comparable weight standardized Haloperidol equivalence doses (WHE) were used. This study offers limited evidence for methodological reasons. Yet, results do not support the view that EPS are more frequent on Flupentixol decanoate than on Risperidone when doses are comparable.
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 1998
We investigated the availability of dopamine reuptake sites in the striata of two patients with p... more We investigated the availability of dopamine reuptake sites in the striata of two patients with productive symptoms w 123 x Ž and neuroleptic therapy as well as progressive parkinsonism using the new dopamine transporter ligand
Statistics in Medicine, 1991
Directly standardized mortality rates are examples of weighted sums of Poisson rate parameters. I... more Directly standardized mortality rates are examples of weighted sums of Poisson rate parameters. If the numbers of events are large then normal approximations can be used to calculate confidence intervals, but these are inadequate if the numbers are small. We present a method for obtaining approximate confidence limits for the weighted sum of Poisson parameters as linear functions of the confidence limits for a single Poisson parameter, the unweighted sum. The location and length of the proposed interval depend on the method used to obtain confidence limits for the single parameter. Therefore several methods for obtaining confidence intervals for a single Poisson parameter are compared. For single parameters and for weighted sums of parameters, simulation suggests that the coverage of the proposed intervals is close to the nominal confidence levels. The method is illustrated using data on rates of myocardial infarction obtained as part of the WHO MONICA Project in Augsburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Schizophrenia Research, 2000
Prix Volney Essay Series, 1999
European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, 2002
To investigate the temporal stability, or progressivity, of neuropsychological (NP) impairment in... more To investigate the temporal stability, or progressivity, of neuropsychological (NP) impairment in schizophrenia, 50 patients with first episode (FE) schizophrenia and 50 healthy controls were given a battery of tests at the outset of the study and after a two-year interval. Both patient and control groups were balanced with respect to age, gender, education and parental socioeconomic status. Summary rating scales for semantic memory (SEM), visual memory (VIM), verbal learning (VBL), visual-motor processing and attention (VSM) and abstraction/flexibility (ABS) were constructed. FE schizophrenics showed improvement in VBL, stability of function in SEM, VSM and ABS and absence of improvement in VIM.While performance in VSM and VIM is influenced by medication status, SEM seems to be trait-related and stable; VBL, however, seems to be staterelated. Our data suggest that there is no proof for the assumption of progressive deterioration in NP functioning during the first few years of illness.
Ppmp Psychotherapie Psychosomatik Medizinische Psychologie, 1994
Journal of Nuclear Medicine
The dopamine hypothesis has been challenged with the advent of atypical antipsychotics. Clozapine... more The dopamine hypothesis has been challenged with the advent of atypical antipsychotics. Clozapine, the archetypal drug in this group, displays remarkable clinical efficacy (7), with a low propensity to induce catalepsy in rats (8). Clozapine has been shown to have only weak D2 receptor antagonistic properties in vitro, in contrast with its high affinity for a variety of other neuroreceptors (9). Recently, new antipsychotics have been developed, among them rispendone, and have been licensed for clinical use. They are at least as effective as conventional antipsychotics but, like clozapine, have a decreased capacity to induce catalepsy in rats (10). The pharmacological profile underlying the atypical properties of risperidone has not yet been fully evaluated, and it is unclear whether the clinical efficacy is also related to
Arzneimittel-Forschung
A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cross-over study in a group of volunteers (8 male, 4 female) wa... more A pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic cross-over study in a group of volunteers (8 male, 4 female) was performed to evaluate the activity and plasma levels of a new sustained-release metoclopramide (CAS 364-62-5) formulation (Cronoprimperan) in comparison to a standard formulation (Primperan). During the course of this trial volunteers on both medications complained of mild to moderate adverse effects as headaches and drowsiness. Elevated monocyte counts were seen in all volunteers at the end of the study without determinable relationship to the medications. No relevant differences were observed between the two preparations in the standard motor and coordination tests. The new sustained-release metoclopramide formulation showed 12-h coverage with a plateau shaped form for achieving constant blood levels throughout the day without reaching blood concentrations above clinically tolerable limits.
PPmP - Psychotherapie · Psychosomatik · Medizinische Psychologie
The passage from adolescence to young adulthood is characterized by a series of decisive developm... more The passage from adolescence to young adulthood is characterized by a series of decisive developmental tasks. The significance of the adaptational patterns established in these years derives from their long-lasting influences on the psychosocial development during adult life. The psychosocial development of psychiatrically ill and healthy young adults was compared in respect to self image (Offer), identity status (Adams) and level of ego functionality (Loevinger). Patients showed serious deficits in general psychosocial adaptation (self image) especially pronounced in the areas of private personality development and family life. They were significantly less able to respect a developmental logic of exploration and commitment in the formation of identity. And their level of ego functions was primarily unmature, preconformist. There were important differences in the adaptational patterns of patient subgroups indicating a remarkably unfavourable psychosocial development of the nonpsycho...
American Journal of Psychiatry
Der Nuklearmediziner, 2002
Angststörungen nach ICD-10, 2002
Angststörungen nach ICD-10, 2002
Angststörungen nach ICD-10, 2002
Der Nervenarzt, 2004
In a depression unit in a state hospital, 28 patients who had failed in six antidepressant strate... more In a depression unit in a state hospital, 28 patients who had failed in six antidepressant strategies were treated with L-thyroxine at an average dose of 350 micro g/die. Outcomes were moderate in 39.3% and very good in 21.5%, corresponding to 21-item HAMD scores of < or =16 and < or =8 and clinical judgement. Of all patients, 39.3% had to stop treatment due to nonresponse or side effects. Follow-up of all responders to treatment was conducted 45.2 weeks after discharge. Those 28.6% patients who had stopped treatment had significantly more readmissions, i.e., 62.5%, vs none in those who continued, whereas subjective clinical ratings did not differ between the two groups. In contrast to the literature not finding serious side effects in 70 mainly bipolar patients, we found cardial arrhythmia in 10.7% of inpatients and 7.1% of follow-up patients that was serious enough to discontinue treatment. In conclusion, systematic investigation of high-dose L-thyroxine treatment in treatme...
Psychopathology, 1995
After controlled treatment with either imipramine or doxepin with additional psychotherapy, 30 pa... more After controlled treatment with either imipramine or doxepin with additional psychotherapy, 30 patients with pure panic disorder and 20 with concomitant depression were followed under ordinary treatment conditions over a 5-year period. While the overall level of illness severity was mild in both groups (slightly worse in the group with comorbidity), social impairment as well as fluctuation of symptoms were similar in both groups. Therefore, comorbidity of panic disorder and depression does not necessarily imply a poorer outcome in a self-referred patient sample initially treated with psychotropic drugs combined with supportive psychotherapy.
Psychiatrische Praxis, 2004
We investigated as to whether dosedependent extrapyramidal tolerance of Flupentixol decanoate is ... more We investigated as to whether dosedependent extrapyramidal tolerance of Flupentixol decanoate is inferior to that of Risperidone. 143 Risperidone and 177 Flupentixol decanoate treated patients were consecutively entered into this non - randomized open study and assessed with the Simpson-Angus-Scale regarding presence of rigor. Treatment comparisons of rigor frequency was done by Kaplan-Meier analysis. The risk of rigor increased with dose on both treatments. EPMS-risk was not increased under treatment with Flupentixol decanoate (mean dose 35.06 +/- 19.7 mg/2 weeks) compared to Risperidone (mean daily dose: 5.2 +/- 2.5 mg/kg) when comparable weight standardized Haloperidol equivalence doses (WHE) were used. This study offers limited evidence for methodological reasons. Yet, results do not support the view that EPS are more frequent on Flupentixol decanoate than on Risperidone when doses are comparable.
Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 1998
We investigated the availability of dopamine reuptake sites in the striata of two patients with p... more We investigated the availability of dopamine reuptake sites in the striata of two patients with productive symptoms w 123 x Ž and neuroleptic therapy as well as progressive parkinsonism using the new dopamine transporter ligand
Statistics in Medicine, 1991
Directly standardized mortality rates are examples of weighted sums of Poisson rate parameters. I... more Directly standardized mortality rates are examples of weighted sums of Poisson rate parameters. If the numbers of events are large then normal approximations can be used to calculate confidence intervals, but these are inadequate if the numbers are small. We present a method for obtaining approximate confidence limits for the weighted sum of Poisson parameters as linear functions of the confidence limits for a single Poisson parameter, the unweighted sum. The location and length of the proposed interval depend on the method used to obtain confidence limits for the single parameter. Therefore several methods for obtaining confidence intervals for a single Poisson parameter are compared. For single parameters and for weighted sums of parameters, simulation suggests that the coverage of the proposed intervals is close to the nominal confidence levels. The method is illustrated using data on rates of myocardial infarction obtained as part of the WHO MONICA Project in Augsburg, Federal Republic of Germany.
Schizophrenia Research, 2000