Juan Pérez - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Juan Pérez

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006

... In essence many of the features of MM5-CMAQ are similar to OPANA but the program-ming and mod... more ... In essence many of the features of MM5-CMAQ are similar to OPANA but the program-ming and modularity is more advanced. ... The OPANA model runs over a domain of 80 x 100 km with UTM coordinates and using only EMIMA data sets. ...

2017 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 2017

The following paper presents the technique that can be used to produce climatic scenarios at urba... more The following paper presents the technique that can be used to produce climatic scenarios at urban scale with a spatial resolution of 10 m based on the results of the global climate models for the different RCP climate scenarios. To make the dynamic scaling process, we use the well-known mesoscale model WRF-Chem (NOAA, USA) to produce meteorological and air quality information at different scales. We start at a first level that covers all of Europe with a spatial resolution of 25 km, until it reaches the city level with a resolution of meters, which is simulated with the model MICROSYS-CFD. To show its use, 2011 was used as reference year and 2030, 2050 and 2100 as future years, with two possible scenarios RCP 4.5 and RPC 8.5. The expected impacts on wind conditions and NO2 concentrations are shown in two European cities: Madrid and London.

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2018

Traffic emission control strategies have been tested in order to reduce the effects of traffic on... more Traffic emission control strategies have been tested in order to reduce the effects of traffic on pollution concentrations in Madrid (Spain) during an air quality episode with very large NOx concentrations. The meteorology-chemistry model WRF/Chem allows forecasting these effects with high spatial resolution (1 km). It was necessary to develop very detailed emission inventories with a bottom-up methodology. For traffic emissions, the traffic flow simulation model SUMO has been applied, using the real time traffic counters data, Madrid vehicle fleet distribution, and emission factors from EMEP-CORINAIR Tier 3 methodology. The base or control simulation has been compared with data from the Madrid air quality monitoring network. The control simulation reproduces satisfactorily the high NO 2 concentration values. The traffic reduction strategies which were taken on 28 and 29 December 2016, did not contribute substantially to improve the air quality in Madrid.

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 2017

There are many signals of the impacts of global climate on pedestrian wind and thermal comfort, c... more There are many signals of the impacts of global climate on pedestrian wind and thermal comfort, citizen health by exposure to the climate and air pollution concentrations and building energy demand energy. We have studied direct effects of the two future (2030, 2050 and 2100) climate projections, IPCC RCP 4.5 (stabilization emission scenario) and RCP 8.5 (little effort to reduce emissions), respect to present (2011), over three European cities: Madrid, Milan and London with very high spatial resolution: 50 meters. Climatic variables and air pollution concentrations are dynamically downscaled from 1º to 50m using a computational dynamical downscaling modelling system. The outputs of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and its coupling with Weather Research and Forecasting and Chemical (WRF/Chem) model (25 km, 5km and 1km spatial resolutions) provides present and future climate scenarios. The output from the WRF/Chem model at 1 km resolution is used to drive a micro-scale computational fluid dynamics model, MICROSYS (50 m). The methodology to estimate percentages of climate/pollution-related deaths and hospital admissions due to global climate are based on epidemiologic analysis of weather/air pollution and health data to characterize and quantify mortality/morbidity associations. Building energy simulations are implemented with the EnergyPlus model using buildings prototypes which are based on ASHRAE 90.1 Prototype Building Modeling Specifications. Also urban comfort (wind, thermal) indicators from a pedestrian point of view are calculated. We propose to use the Dutch wind nuisance standard (NEN 8100) which applies a discomfort threshold for the hourly mean modeled wind speed. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) is calculated every grid cell as index of the urban thermal comfort. This work is part of the European project DECUMANUS We have identified the highlight areas with elevated exposure to global climate from different point of views: comfort, health and energy; this information can be used to prepare plans and implement adaptations to reduce effects of climate change on the citizen and building energy demand.

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2014

Wildland fire spread and behaviour are complex phenomena owing to both the number of involved phy... more Wildland fire spread and behaviour are complex phenomena owing to both the number of involved physico-chemical factors, and the non-linear relationship between variables. Spain is plagued by forest and brush fires every summer, when the extremely dry weather sets in along with high temperatures. The use of fire behaviour models requires the availability of high resolution environmental and fuel data; in the absence of real data, errors on the simulated fire spread can be compounded to affect the spatial and temporal accuracy of predicted data. The effect of input values on the accuracy of WRF-FIRE simulations was evaluated to assess the capabilities of the new system for wildland fire in accurately forecasting fire behaviour. The results confirm that the use of accurate meteorological data and a custom fuel moisture content model is crucial to obtain precise simulations of fire behaviour.

Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIV

The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognis... more The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognised. Also long range transport are also becoming and important key topic in air quality modelling since it is becoming more apparent that long range transport can play an ...

Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIV

The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognis... more The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognised. Also long range transport are also becoming and important key topic in air quality modelling since it is becoming more apparent that long range transport can play an ...

LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences, 2018

Journal of Clean Energy Technologie, 2018

Climate change is projected to have effects on public health because citizens will be exposure to... more Climate change is projected to have effects on public health because citizens will be exposure to different levels of air pollution and temperature. There are few studies on health impacts of climate change with very high spatial resolution mainly due to issues in downscaling modelling and computational resources. This research tries to help understand the possible impacts of the global climate over the citizen´s health with 50 meters of spatial resolution covering the gap between global/regional scale and urban scale. A computational dynamical downscaling modelling system has been implemented to assess the short term health effects of two global climate projections, IPCC 4.5 (stopping emissions increments) and 8.5 (no actions to stop emissions increments) over Milan and London area.. Modelled air quality concentrations at microscopic scale were compared with measurements of air quality stations, taking 2011 as the reference year; evaluation of modeling results determined that the ...

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development

The aim of the paper is to show that it is very important to take into account indoor pollution w... more The aim of the paper is to show that it is very important to take into account indoor pollution when studying the health effects of the quality of the air we are breathing. The simulations must consider the indoor emissions because they are the ones that make the concentrations of the air that we breathe are different from the outdoor concentrations. We have performed a simulation exercise of air quality both outdoor and indoor in 2 buildings (office and home) located in the center of Madrid (Spain), with different scenarios of indoor emissions to isolate their impacts. The simulations are run over full year 2016 with hourly outputs. The simulations must also model atmospheric dynamics to produce meteorological data that will be key to indoor simulations. Exposure to pollutant concentrations has been calculated based on a predefined pattern that indicates where the person is at each time. In indoor pollution simulations it is very important to model all the physical processes that affect concentrations, such as: emission, infiltration, deposition, mechanical and manual ventilation (closely related to the thermal comfort range of the building) and air exchange between rooms through the doors. The highest impact on health is produced by the emissions that are released when people are cooking.

Atmospheric Environment, 2015

To investigate the impact of the aerosol effects on meteorological variables and pollutant 23 con... more To investigate the impact of the aerosol effects on meteorological variables and pollutant 23 concentrations two simulations with the WRF-Chem model have been performed over 24

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2006

... In essence many of the features of MM5-CMAQ are similar to OPANA but the program-ming and mod... more ... In essence many of the features of MM5-CMAQ are similar to OPANA but the program-ming and modularity is more advanced. ... The OPANA model runs over a domain of 80 x 100 km with UTM coordinates and using only EMIMA data sets. ...

2017 Winter Simulation Conference (WSC), 2017

The following paper presents the technique that can be used to produce climatic scenarios at urba... more The following paper presents the technique that can be used to produce climatic scenarios at urban scale with a spatial resolution of 10 m based on the results of the global climate models for the different RCP climate scenarios. To make the dynamic scaling process, we use the well-known mesoscale model WRF-Chem (NOAA, USA) to produce meteorological and air quality information at different scales. We start at a first level that covers all of Europe with a spatial resolution of 25 km, until it reaches the city level with a resolution of meters, which is simulated with the model MICROSYS-CFD. To show its use, 2011 was used as reference year and 2030, 2050 and 2100 as future years, with two possible scenarios RCP 4.5 and RPC 8.5. The expected impacts on wind conditions and NO2 concentrations are shown in two European cities: Madrid and London.

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2018

Traffic emission control strategies have been tested in order to reduce the effects of traffic on... more Traffic emission control strategies have been tested in order to reduce the effects of traffic on pollution concentrations in Madrid (Spain) during an air quality episode with very large NOx concentrations. The meteorology-chemistry model WRF/Chem allows forecasting these effects with high spatial resolution (1 km). It was necessary to develop very detailed emission inventories with a bottom-up methodology. For traffic emissions, the traffic flow simulation model SUMO has been applied, using the real time traffic counters data, Madrid vehicle fleet distribution, and emission factors from EMEP-CORINAIR Tier 3 methodology. The base or control simulation has been compared with data from the Madrid air quality monitoring network. The control simulation reproduces satisfactorily the high NO 2 concentration values. The traffic reduction strategies which were taken on 28 and 29 December 2016, did not contribute substantially to improve the air quality in Madrid.

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 2017

There are many signals of the impacts of global climate on pedestrian wind and thermal comfort, c... more There are many signals of the impacts of global climate on pedestrian wind and thermal comfort, citizen health by exposure to the climate and air pollution concentrations and building energy demand energy. We have studied direct effects of the two future (2030, 2050 and 2100) climate projections, IPCC RCP 4.5 (stabilization emission scenario) and RCP 8.5 (little effort to reduce emissions), respect to present (2011), over three European cities: Madrid, Milan and London with very high spatial resolution: 50 meters. Climatic variables and air pollution concentrations are dynamically downscaled from 1º to 50m using a computational dynamical downscaling modelling system. The outputs of the Community Earth System Model (CESM) and its coupling with Weather Research and Forecasting and Chemical (WRF/Chem) model (25 km, 5km and 1km spatial resolutions) provides present and future climate scenarios. The output from the WRF/Chem model at 1 km resolution is used to drive a micro-scale computational fluid dynamics model, MICROSYS (50 m). The methodology to estimate percentages of climate/pollution-related deaths and hospital admissions due to global climate are based on epidemiologic analysis of weather/air pollution and health data to characterize and quantify mortality/morbidity associations. Building energy simulations are implemented with the EnergyPlus model using buildings prototypes which are based on ASHRAE 90.1 Prototype Building Modeling Specifications. Also urban comfort (wind, thermal) indicators from a pedestrian point of view are calculated. We propose to use the Dutch wind nuisance standard (NEN 8100) which applies a discomfort threshold for the hourly mean modeled wind speed. The physiological equivalent temperature (PET) is calculated every grid cell as index of the urban thermal comfort. This work is part of the European project DECUMANUS We have identified the highlight areas with elevated exposure to global climate from different point of views: comfort, health and energy; this information can be used to prepare plans and implement adaptations to reduce effects of climate change on the citizen and building energy demand.

International Journal of Environment and Pollution, 2014

Wildland fire spread and behaviour are complex phenomena owing to both the number of involved phy... more Wildland fire spread and behaviour are complex phenomena owing to both the number of involved physico-chemical factors, and the non-linear relationship between variables. Spain is plagued by forest and brush fires every summer, when the extremely dry weather sets in along with high temperatures. The use of fire behaviour models requires the availability of high resolution environmental and fuel data; in the absence of real data, errors on the simulated fire spread can be compounded to affect the spatial and temporal accuracy of predicted data. The effect of input values on the accuracy of WRF-FIRE simulations was evaluated to assess the capabilities of the new system for wildland fire in accurately forecasting fire behaviour. The results confirm that the use of accurate meteorological data and a custom fuel moisture content model is crucial to obtain precise simulations of fire behaviour.

Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIV

The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognis... more The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognised. Also long range transport are also becoming and important key topic in air quality modelling since it is becoming more apparent that long range transport can play an ...

Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIV

The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognis... more The importance of synoptic meteorological fields on mesoscale air quality forecasting is recognised. Also long range transport are also becoming and important key topic in air quality modelling since it is becoming more apparent that long range transport can play an ...

LIFE: International Journal of Health and Life-Sciences, 2018

Journal of Clean Energy Technologie, 2018

Climate change is projected to have effects on public health because citizens will be exposure to... more Climate change is projected to have effects on public health because citizens will be exposure to different levels of air pollution and temperature. There are few studies on health impacts of climate change with very high spatial resolution mainly due to issues in downscaling modelling and computational resources. This research tries to help understand the possible impacts of the global climate over the citizen´s health with 50 meters of spatial resolution covering the gap between global/regional scale and urban scale. A computational dynamical downscaling modelling system has been implemented to assess the short term health effects of two global climate projections, IPCC 4.5 (stopping emissions increments) and 8.5 (no actions to stop emissions increments) over Milan and London area.. Modelled air quality concentrations at microscopic scale were compared with measurements of air quality stations, taking 2011 as the reference year; evaluation of modeling results determined that the ...

International Journal of Environmental Science and Development

The aim of the paper is to show that it is very important to take into account indoor pollution w... more The aim of the paper is to show that it is very important to take into account indoor pollution when studying the health effects of the quality of the air we are breathing. The simulations must consider the indoor emissions because they are the ones that make the concentrations of the air that we breathe are different from the outdoor concentrations. We have performed a simulation exercise of air quality both outdoor and indoor in 2 buildings (office and home) located in the center of Madrid (Spain), with different scenarios of indoor emissions to isolate their impacts. The simulations are run over full year 2016 with hourly outputs. The simulations must also model atmospheric dynamics to produce meteorological data that will be key to indoor simulations. Exposure to pollutant concentrations has been calculated based on a predefined pattern that indicates where the person is at each time. In indoor pollution simulations it is very important to model all the physical processes that affect concentrations, such as: emission, infiltration, deposition, mechanical and manual ventilation (closely related to the thermal comfort range of the building) and air exchange between rooms through the doors. The highest impact on health is produced by the emissions that are released when people are cooking.

Atmospheric Environment, 2015

To investigate the impact of the aerosol effects on meteorological variables and pollutant 23 con... more To investigate the impact of the aerosol effects on meteorological variables and pollutant 23 concentrations two simulations with the WRF-Chem model have been performed over 24