Julien Bueb - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Papers by Julien Bueb

Research paper thumbnail of To manage the carbon impact of 5G. Deployment of 5G in France. Which impact on energy consumption and on carbon print

Modeling the impact of 5G deployment scenarios in France on the total digital carbon footprint.

Research paper thumbnail of The Value for Climate Action. A shadow price of carbon for evaluation of investments and public policies. Report by the Commission chaired by Alain Quinet

Research paper thumbnail of WIDER Working Paper 2016/20-Border adjustment mechanisms: Elements for economic, legal, and political analysis

provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable ... more provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.

Research paper thumbnail of 4 Border Adjustment Mechanisms Elements for Economic , Legal , and Political Analysis

Paris COP21 has been presented as both a diplomatic success and a victory for common sense, repre... more Paris COP21 has been presented as both a diplomatic success and a victory for common sense, representing considerable progress in overcoming the deadlock the United Nations negotiation process had been in since Copenhagen COP15. Its ambition is indeed great and unprecedented. However, upon closer examination of the contents of the agreement, the COP21 epitomizes old, and perhaps even growing difficulties that negotiators meet when discussing an urgently needed global, strong, and binding compromise. Proposed by many economists but absent from the Paris Agreement, is the definition of an international price of carbon emission, which appears in practice extremely hard to achieve and insufficient to counter biodiversity loss or achieve broad environmental goals. It is, nevertheless, very much a precondition for international sustainable production and consumption, since price is the foremost economic signal to help orient economic players. It stimulates investments and innovation in cleaner production processes and provides a new source of financing for public policies, be they environmental or developmental. As of this writing, the most important regional greenhouse gas (GHG) pricing system is the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Spearhead of the European climate policy, this carbon market has since its inception been used as a model by other countries and regions. However, tradable emission markets are ridden with many structural flaws, which result in a final pricing of the carbon tonne that is much too low. Prices thus lose their incentive function and virtuous players-those economic agents who have already started to invest in clean technologies-are found to be at a disadvantage.

Research paper thumbnail of Border adjustment mechanisms: Elements for economic, legal, and political analysis

WIDER Working Paper

provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable ... more provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.

Research paper thumbnail of Border Adjustment Mechanisms

Oxford Scholarship Online

This chapter examines, from a multidisciplinary perspective, plausible hypotheses for implementat... more This chapter examines, from a multidisciplinary perspective, plausible hypotheses for implementation of border carbon adjustment mechanisms, seen as a complement to strong environmental regulation. It highlights economic, legal, and political difficulties raised by border carbon adjustments. After thoroughly reviewing their economic practicability, it analyses these mechanisms from an International Trade Law perspective, particularly vis-à-vis the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, sustainable development, and the principle of shared but differentiated responsibilities. It concludes with an assessment of policy-related implications of such mechanisms and outlines, in particular, how border carbon adjustments may be used as an engine of economic and energy transition, for developed and developing countries equally.

Research paper thumbnail of Permis d’émission négociables et commerce international dans des marchés de concurrence imparfaite

L'Actualité économique, 2009

Dans cet article, nous considérons des entreprises en concurrence imparfaite sur un marché intern... more Dans cet article, nous considérons des entreprises en concurrence imparfaite sur un marché international de bien. Elles ne sont pas toutes soumises à un marché de permis et les pouvoirs publics fixent le plafond de pollution. Nous montrons qu’une entreprise dominante sur le marché des permis utilise ce dernier pour s’approprier un avantage sur le marché du bien. Ce résultat élargit ainsi les hypothèses de la manipulation par exclusion. Les pouvoirs publics se comportent également de façon stratégique, en utilisant deux instruments – la dotation initiale et le plafond de pollution – pour maximiser le bien-être collectif. Le plafond de pollution qui en résulte est alors plus élevé qu’à l’équilibre concurrentiel.

Research paper thumbnail of Strategic manipulation of a pollution permit market and international trade

Journal of Regulatory Economics, 2011

We consider a framework where firms which compete in an international product market are not all ... more We consider a framework where firms which compete in an international product market are not all submitted to a pollution permit market. Using the Brander and Spencer's framework (J Int Econ 18:83-100, 1985), we seek to determine the optimal strategies of both a dominant firm in the pollution permit market and the regulator in a such context. We first show that the dominant firm pursues a strategic manipulation to increase its profit. We also find that the regulator uses a sophisticated strategic policy to increase the domestic welfare by using two instruments: the initial allocation of pollution permits and the pollution cap. Keywords Pollution permit market • Imperfect competition • Strategic trade policy JEL Classification Q58 • F12 • F18 1 Introduction The Kyoto Protocol which aims to curb the air pollution blamed for global warming came into force on February 2005. Annex I countries have to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by a collective average of 5% below their 1990 levels by 2012. A number We are grateful for helpful comments from anonymous reviewers.

Research paper thumbnail of Politique stratégique et environnement

Research paper thumbnail of To manage the carbon impact of 5G. Deployment of 5G in France. Which impact on energy consumption and on carbon print

Modeling the impact of 5G deployment scenarios in France on the total digital carbon footprint.

Research paper thumbnail of The Value for Climate Action. A shadow price of carbon for evaluation of investments and public policies. Report by the Commission chaired by Alain Quinet

Research paper thumbnail of WIDER Working Paper 2016/20-Border adjustment mechanisms: Elements for economic, legal, and political analysis

provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable ... more provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.

Research paper thumbnail of 4 Border Adjustment Mechanisms Elements for Economic , Legal , and Political Analysis

Paris COP21 has been presented as both a diplomatic success and a victory for common sense, repre... more Paris COP21 has been presented as both a diplomatic success and a victory for common sense, representing considerable progress in overcoming the deadlock the United Nations negotiation process had been in since Copenhagen COP15. Its ambition is indeed great and unprecedented. However, upon closer examination of the contents of the agreement, the COP21 epitomizes old, and perhaps even growing difficulties that negotiators meet when discussing an urgently needed global, strong, and binding compromise. Proposed by many economists but absent from the Paris Agreement, is the definition of an international price of carbon emission, which appears in practice extremely hard to achieve and insufficient to counter biodiversity loss or achieve broad environmental goals. It is, nevertheless, very much a precondition for international sustainable production and consumption, since price is the foremost economic signal to help orient economic players. It stimulates investments and innovation in cleaner production processes and provides a new source of financing for public policies, be they environmental or developmental. As of this writing, the most important regional greenhouse gas (GHG) pricing system is the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS). Spearhead of the European climate policy, this carbon market has since its inception been used as a model by other countries and regions. However, tradable emission markets are ridden with many structural flaws, which result in a final pricing of the carbon tonne that is much too low. Prices thus lose their incentive function and virtuous players-those economic agents who have already started to invest in clean technologies-are found to be at a disadvantage.

Research paper thumbnail of Border adjustment mechanisms: Elements for economic, legal, and political analysis

WIDER Working Paper

provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable ... more provides economic analysis and policy advice with the aim of promoting sustainable and equitable development. The Institute began operations in 1985 in Helsinki, Finland, as the first research and training centre of the United Nations University. Today it is a unique blend of think tank, research institute, and UN agency-providing a range of services from policy advice to governments as well as freely available original research.

Research paper thumbnail of Border Adjustment Mechanisms

Oxford Scholarship Online

This chapter examines, from a multidisciplinary perspective, plausible hypotheses for implementat... more This chapter examines, from a multidisciplinary perspective, plausible hypotheses for implementation of border carbon adjustment mechanisms, seen as a complement to strong environmental regulation. It highlights economic, legal, and political difficulties raised by border carbon adjustments. After thoroughly reviewing their economic practicability, it analyses these mechanisms from an International Trade Law perspective, particularly vis-à-vis the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, sustainable development, and the principle of shared but differentiated responsibilities. It concludes with an assessment of policy-related implications of such mechanisms and outlines, in particular, how border carbon adjustments may be used as an engine of economic and energy transition, for developed and developing countries equally.

Research paper thumbnail of Permis d’émission négociables et commerce international dans des marchés de concurrence imparfaite

L'Actualité économique, 2009

Dans cet article, nous considérons des entreprises en concurrence imparfaite sur un marché intern... more Dans cet article, nous considérons des entreprises en concurrence imparfaite sur un marché international de bien. Elles ne sont pas toutes soumises à un marché de permis et les pouvoirs publics fixent le plafond de pollution. Nous montrons qu’une entreprise dominante sur le marché des permis utilise ce dernier pour s’approprier un avantage sur le marché du bien. Ce résultat élargit ainsi les hypothèses de la manipulation par exclusion. Les pouvoirs publics se comportent également de façon stratégique, en utilisant deux instruments – la dotation initiale et le plafond de pollution – pour maximiser le bien-être collectif. Le plafond de pollution qui en résulte est alors plus élevé qu’à l’équilibre concurrentiel.

Research paper thumbnail of Strategic manipulation of a pollution permit market and international trade

Journal of Regulatory Economics, 2011

We consider a framework where firms which compete in an international product market are not all ... more We consider a framework where firms which compete in an international product market are not all submitted to a pollution permit market. Using the Brander and Spencer's framework (J Int Econ 18:83-100, 1985), we seek to determine the optimal strategies of both a dominant firm in the pollution permit market and the regulator in a such context. We first show that the dominant firm pursues a strategic manipulation to increase its profit. We also find that the regulator uses a sophisticated strategic policy to increase the domestic welfare by using two instruments: the initial allocation of pollution permits and the pollution cap. Keywords Pollution permit market • Imperfect competition • Strategic trade policy JEL Classification Q58 • F12 • F18 1 Introduction The Kyoto Protocol which aims to curb the air pollution blamed for global warming came into force on February 2005. Annex I countries have to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions by a collective average of 5% below their 1990 levels by 2012. A number We are grateful for helpful comments from anonymous reviewers.

Research paper thumbnail of Politique stratégique et environnement